History of Cattaraugus County, New York, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 18

Author: Franklin Ellis and Eugene Arns Nash
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PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS.

1824 .- Timothy H. Porter, elected, but did not act.

1836 .- Thomas J. Wheeler, Connewango.

1844 .- Robert HI. Shankland, Ellicottville.

1848 .- Delos E. Sill, Ellicottville.

1852 .- Benjamin Chamberlain, Randolph.

1856 .- Delos E. Sill, Ellicottville.

1864 .- John P. Darling, New Albion.

1872 .- Nelson I. Norton, Hinsdale.

1876 .- Charles S. Cary, Olean.

MESSENGER OF THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE.

1848 .- Delos E. Sill, Ellicottvillo.

MEMBERS OF CONGRESS.

1825-27 .- Timothy II. Porter, Olean.

1841-43 .- Staley N. Clarke, Ellicottville.

1843-45 .- Asher Tyler, Ellicottville.

1851-53 .- Frederick S. Martin, Olean.

1865-69 .- Dr. HI. Van Aernam, Franklinville.

1875-77 .- Nelson I. Norton, Hinsdale.

1879-81 .- Dr. HI. Van Aernam, Franklinville.

STATE SENATORS.

1823 .- Timothy H. Porter, Olean (old 8th District), one year by lot. 1828-31 .- Timothy II. Porter, “ " "

1835 .- Chauncey J. Fox, Ellicottville " " to fill vacancy.

1836-39 .- Chauncey J. Fox, "

1846-47 .- Thomas J. Wheeler, Connewango (6th District). 1848-49 .- Frederick S. Martin, Olean (32d District). 1850-51 .- Robert Owen, Jr., Randolph " " 1856 .- Roderick White, Olean (32d District). Died in office.

1857 .- John P. Darling, New Albion (32d District), vice White. 1858-59 .- John P. Darling, " « "

1862-63 .- Horace C. Young, "

1864-65 .- Norman M. Allen, Dayton "

1870-71 .- Allen D. Scott, Ellicottville,

1872-73 .- Norman M. Allen, Dayton, "

1874 .- Albert G. Dow, Randolph, "

1876-77 .- Commodore P. Vedder, Ellicottville (32d District).

MEMBERS OF ASSEMBLY.

Prior to the adoption of the constitution of 1821 the counties of Niagara, Chautauqua, and Cattaraugus formed an Assembly District, which was represented by a single member until April 1, 1815, when a change was made, giving the district two members. On the 12th of April, 1822, under the provisions of the constitution of 1821, Cattaraugus became a separate Assembly District, entitled to one representative; and under the apportionment of May 3, 1836, it became entitled to two representatives, as at the present time.

1814-15. Joseph MeClure .*

1823. Stephen Crosby. 1824. Phineas Spencer. 1825. Daniel Hodges.

1826. James McGlashen.

1827. Jobn A. Bryan.

1828. James McGlashen.

1829. Flavil Partridge.

1830. Stephen Crosby. 1831. Russell C. Hubbard.

1832. George A. S. Crooker.

1833. Chauncey J. Fox.

James M. Smith.

1834. Chauncey J. Fox.

1835. Albert G. Burke.

1836. David Day.

1862. Andrew L. Allen. Addison G. Rice.

1837. Tilly Gilbert. Phineas Spencer.

1838. Nelson Green. Timothy HI. Porter.

1839. G. A. S. Crooker. Hollis Scott.

1840. Timothy H. Porter.

G. A. S. Crooker.

1841. Alonzo Hawley. Chester Howe.

1842. Samuel Barrows.

Lewis P. Thorp.

1868. Jonas K. Button. E. Curtiss Topliff.

1843. Alonzo Hawley. Elijah A. Rice.

1869. Wm. II. Stuart. Claudius V. B. Barse.

1844. James Burt. Marcus HI. Johnson.

1845. Roderick White. Seth Field.

1871. Claudius V. B. Barse. Stephen G. Green.

1846. Gideon Scarle. E. A. Rice.

1847. Rufus Crowley. Jos. E. Weeden.

1848. Jas. G. Johnson. M. H. Johnson.

1874. Commodore P. Vedder. John Manley.

1849. S. R. Crittendon. II. C. Young.

1875. Commodore P. Vedder. Samuel Scudder.

1850. Fred. S. Martin. II. C. Young.

1851. A. A. Gregory. Wm. J. Nelson.

1852. S. S. Cole.

1877. Thomas J. King. Edgar Shannon.

Alex. Sheldon.

1878. Thomas J. King.

1853. Daniel Hickox.

Samuel V. Pool.

1854. Wm. HI. Wood.

Jas. Kirkland.

MEMBERS OF STATE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS.

Convention of 1846 .- First District, Alonzo Hawley, Hinsdale; Second District, George A. S. Crooker, Connewango. Convention of 1867 .- First District, George Van Campen, Olean ; Second District, Norman M. Allen, Dayton.

STATE ASSESSORS.

John P. Darling, appointed April 5, 1865; Norman M. Allen, appointed April 5, 1868.

COMMISSIONER OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTS.

By the provisions of chapter 233, laws of 1862, three Commissioners of Public Accounts were appointed by the Governor to hold office for three years. The commission was abolished by a clause in the appropriation bill of 1872. Robert H. Shankland, Ellicottville, appointed March 23, 1870.

STATE-PRISON INSPECTORS.

William Pitt Angell, appointed Nov. 5, 1853; Rodney R. Crowley, appointed Jan. 1, 1876.

* Representing district composed of Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, and Niagara Counties. The names following this are of members repre- senting Cattaraugus County alone.

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1855. Alex. Storrs. Jas. Kirkland.

1856. L. D. Cobb. Daniel Bucklin.

1857. Alanson King. Rufus Crowley.

1858. Henry Van Aernam. Wm. Buffington, Jr. 1859. Marsena Baker. Wm. Buffington, Jr.

1860. Ulysses P. Crane.

1861. Nelson I. Norton. Franklin Philbrick.

1863. Andrew L. Allen. Albert G. Dow.

1864. Smith Parish. Albert G. Dow.

1865. Wm. P. Angell.

E. Curtiss Topliff.

1866. Wm. McVey. E. Curtiss Topliff.

1867. Heman G. Button. Wm. E. Hunt.

1870. George N. West. Stephen C. Green.

1872. Commodore P. Vedder. Enoch Holdridge.

1873. Commodore P. Vedder. John Manley.

1876. Harrison Cheney. Edgar Shannon.

M. H. Barker.

1879. Wm. F. Wheeler. Simeon V. Pool.

1857. Moses Beecher.

1861. Thos. White.

1848. C. V. B. Barse. Joseph E. Weeden.

1870. Stephen McCoy.

HISTORY OF CATTARAUGUS COUNTY, NEW YORK.

By constitutional amendment of 1877 the office was abolished when the office of State Prison Superintendent was created.

CHAPTER XI. RELIGION-EDUCATION-AGRICULTURE- POPULATION.

IN religious development, and in the growth and spread of Christian feeling and observance, the carliest settlements in the Holland Purchase appear to have been less favored than in their increase of temporal prosperity. Some of the pioneer clergymen who pushed their missionary explorations into this (then) unpromising field have told us that from the time when the first cabins appeared in the country west of the transit line, and for a period extending several years this side of the first settlement of Cattaraugus County, it was a remark frequently heard,-albeit one which it pained their hearts to admit was not wide from the truth,-that " the Sabbath day does not extend westward beyond the Genesee River."

In regard to this subject, it was remarked by the Rev. James H. Hotchkin, that the influences of the region nearly all tended in a direction opposite to that which was desired by those who had the promotion of the truths of the gospel at heart. This he attributed to a variety of causes, one of which was that the emigrants who came here were from many different sections of the country, with a strong ad- mixture of foreigners, and that these having a diversity of feelings, customs, habits of thought, and religious belief (when they had any at all), were not disposed to act in concert for the establishment of religious worship. Again, that having no fear of Indian molestation, they were free to spread themselves sparsely over a large scope of country, each to gratify his own desire or interest, along streams, or in rich nooks, or in places where they might believe that future centres of business might be located ; and that this lack of clustering settlements operated unfavorably to the promotion of religious institutions and to the early securing of the advantages of religious worship; that this method of settlement was the very opposite of the conditions im- posed on the settlers in the eastern part of this State and New England, where they were compelled, for mutual safety from the savages, to locate more in groups, often coming in quite large numbers from the same neighborhood, all imbued with the same religious ideas, and sometimes bringing their minister with them, so that it was not infrequently the case that worship commenced simultaneously with settlement.

But, he intimates, too many of the carliest settlers upon the Purchase, instead of having fled from religious persecu- tion, had fled from religion itself, " plainly manifesting from their manner of life after their removal, that one principal object in such removal must have been to get rid of the restraints which civil law and public sentiment, connected with religious institutions, imposed upon them in the places from whence they emigrated," and a considerable number, he said, were openly irreligious; many indeed " who were of some influence in civil society, and who wished to break down the institutions of Christianity in this community. . . . Some, who were deeply impressed with the doctrines

of infidelity, were among the first settlers of Western New York, and were zealous in propagating their sentiments ; or at least frequent in throwing out sneers against the Bible and its doctrines, or against ministers of the gospel and pro- fessing Christians." Mr. Hotchkin spoke in terms of strong censure against the course pursued by no less a personage than Joseph Ellicott, the resident agent of the Holland Company, as a man who disregarded the Sabbath, was hos- tile to religious institutions, and whose influence operated most unfavorably upon the religious condition of the settle- ments upon the Purchase.

The above-named authority mentions a large number of settlements in this region in which irreligion prevailed alarmingly, and especially is mentioned that of Cuba, in Allegany County, near the Cattaraugus line, which, it is stated, was made by " families from the northern and east- ern part of the State, who are said to have been loose in principle and practice." And it is added, that although the Rev. Joshua Hubbard, of Angelica, and afterwards other preachers visited the place for the purpose of awakening a religious feeling, their success was so poor, that it was not until twelve years after the settlement was made that any stated worship was established. This allusion to the con- dition of the Cuba settlement is made here, because, among the instances mentioned by the reverend gentleman, it was the only one in the immediate vicinity of Cattaraugus; and no instance of the kind is mentioned by him as having existed within the boundaries of this county. And, although it is known that Cattaraugus was by no means free from the blight of irreligion which prevailed in other localities in its vicinity, yet it is also known that a good proportion of the early inhabitants were God-fearing people, who did their best for the promotion of public religious observ- ances, and who simultaneously with their settlements, set up His altar in their forest homes, and made His worship their duty and their delight.

It is a matter much to be regretted that only meagre accounts have come to us of the labors performed here by the missionaries of different denominations who came into these wilds, while the clearings were yet miles apart, deter- mined that no faint-heartedness or fear of hardship on their part should retard their Master's work. The civil history of a comparatively new country is found in the archives and statutes of the State, in authenticated documents, and in town and county records, but the religious history is mostly unwritten. The number of religious people among the settlers of a new country is generally comparatively small ; and after the lapse of sixty or seventy years very few of them remain to relate the transactions of the early time and to tell what the Lord did for them in the wilderness, and so the story of those early and interesting events is irrecoverably lost.

The first religious labor performed in what is now Catta- raugus County was, of course, that of the Quaker mission- aries, who came to Tunesassa (now in South Valley), in 1798, for the purpose of improving both the spiritual and temporal condition of the aborigines. This, as also the settlement of Friends in the north part of the county, on Cattaraugus Creek, is elsewhere noticed in this volume. But the first minister who preached the word to the white

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HISTORY OF CATTARAUGUS COUNTY, NEW YORK.

settlers in Cattaraugus was undoubtedly the Rev. Robert Hubbard, of Angelica, the Presbyterian missionary before mentioned as laboring in the Cuba settlement. This pious man, in 1810, extended his missionary journeyings west- ward across the border of this county into what is now the town of Lyndon, and held a pioneer -service at the house of Seth Markham, bringing with him (as was not unfre- quently his custom) a wallet "filled with crackers and other comfortables," to be given to any whom he might find sick and suffering in their lonely isolation.

Elder Nathan Peck was one of the earliest missionaries in Allegany and Cattaraugus Counties, as was also the Rev. John Spencer, a Congregationalist minister, who was sent to the Holland Purchase, in 1809, by the Connecticut Missionary Society, and who penetrated the Cattaraugus woods, in the line of his duties, as early as 1813. This pious clergyman became widely and most favorably known for the zcal and industry with which he prosecuted his labors among the scattered settlements. It was written of him by a brother minister of that time, that " the inde- fatigable ' Father Spencer' [as he was familiarly and affec- tionately mentioned] found his way to the log cabins of the early settlers about as soon as they were dotted here and there in the dense forest, partaking with the pioneers of their humble fare, and reminding them that their wilderness homes were not beyond the pale of civilization or the wan- derings of the faithful and searching missionary." He afterwards made his residence at Sheridan, Chautauqua County, and died there in 1826. Over his grave, in the church-yard of that place, there was erected in 1838 a monument bearing the inscription, "This stone is conse- crated to the memory of Rev. John Spencer, many years a missionary of the Connecticut Missionary Society. He was the first gospel minister who traversed the wilderness, then called the Holland Purchase, and was the instrument, under God, in forming most of the Congregational and Presbyterian churches which existed in this region when he rested from his labors,-1826,-aged sixty-eight years."

Besides the Congregationalists and Presbyterians (which two denominations were in those days regarded as almost identical), the Baptist missionaries were also among the religious pioneers in Cattaraugus ; and although their com- ing was not as early as that of the sects first named, their or- ganizations increased more rapidly, and it was but few years before they outnumbered those of any other denomination .*

Elders Beckwith and Eliab Going were among the most prominent of their early preachers. Another devout and well-known Baptist preacher was Elder Ebenezer Vining, who came to Ellicottville in 1819. The earliest religious worship by Baptists was in the northeastern and northern portions of the county. A branch of the Concord Baptist Church was established at Sandusky (in the town of Free- dom) in or before the year 1820. Rev. David Worcester conducted Baptist services in Otto (now East Otto) in 1825, and a church was organized in Franklinville about that time. The organizations at Hinsdale and Olean were somewhat later, though the Baptists at both these points

had held worship with more or less regularity before organ- ization was effected.

Meetings for worship had been held by Free-Will Bap- tists in that part of the town of Perry which is now Persia as early as 1816; in Yorkshire, by Rev. Judah Babcock, about 1817; in Machias in 1818, and in Ashford about 1820. Their first preacher at the last-named point was Rev. Richard M. Carey, and from that time they increased largely along the northern and eastern portions of the county. Afterwards a schism resulted in the secession of a considerable portion, led by a preacher named Patchen, and from this cause the seceding wing became known as " Patchenites." These also became comparatively numerous, and were in a flourishing condition for a considerable time.

The sect known as the Christian Church had its com- mencement in the labors of Joseph Bartlett in the part of Perry which is now Otto, as early as 1815. Ten or twelve years later he became pastor of a church of that denomi- nation in Machias.

The Methodist missionaries were here as early as any except Father Spencer, and the meetings held by them (probably under Elder Peck) at Yorkshire Corners, about 1814, are believed to have been the first stated worship in the county. The Rev. Reuben A. Aylesworth was one of their early preachers, and formed churches at Olean and Hinsdale about 1819. Classes were organized at Freedom, Machias, and other places in the northeast part of the county from 1820 to 1823. In 1822 they received the usual donation of " gospel land" in Portville from the Hol- land Company, t but it does not appear that they erected any church building upon it-at least for a number of years.

The first organization of the Episcopalians was effected at Ellicottville in 1827. Their earliest clergymen were Revs. Reuben H. Freeman and Alexander Frazer. The Rev. Thomas Morris was in charge of the Episcopal churches at Ellicottville and Olean.

Meanwhile the Presbyterians had extended their organi- zations to the western part of the county, and in 1823 we find the Rev. Mr. Deming preaching to a small congrega- tion of that denomination in Cold Spring, now Napoli. That organization erected the first building intended exclu- sively for divine worship in the county. It was a structure of logs, and in it the Rev. Sylvester Cowles preached his first sermon in Cattaraugus County, on the first Sabbath in May, 1831. Even at that time it was the only church edifice in the county ; and on September 7 in the same year a new framed structure was raised by Presbyterians in Napoli, which was also the first framed meeting-house of the county. The old log church alluded to was situated about one mile southwest of Napoli Post-Office, and one hundred rods southwest of Cold Spring Creek bridge. Its

* Under the general name of Baptist it is here intended to include the Free-Will Baptists, who became numerous in this and the adjoin- ing counties.

t A tract containing one hundred acres was offered in each town in the Purchase to the first regularly-organized religious society which should apply for it. The applicants were allowed to make selection from any of the unsold farming lands of the company in the town for which application was made. And although Mr. Ellicott was men- tioned as an irreligious man, and one who threw the whole weight of his influence against Christian institutions, it is admitted that in the matter of awarding these donations of lands (the entire management of which was in his hands) he invariably acted in a manner which gave not the slightest cause of complaint.

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HISTORY OF CATTARAUGUS COUNTY, NEW YORK.

successor, the frame building raised in September, 1831, is still standing in Napoli Centre, and is occupied by the Baptists as a house of worship.

The salaries of preachers in those days were exceedingly meagre. It has been told on apparently excellent authority that the Methodist elder, John P. Kent, rode his circuit, including the entire western part of Cattaraugus County, for a year, receiving in that time and for that service only seventy-five cents, and that in the large old-fashioned " cop- pers." Probably this was an extreme case, but the people were then very poor in all the neighborhoods, and the sala- ries (if such they could be called) of ministers were corre- spondingly small.

The "Cattaraugus Quarterly Meeting" of Free-Will Baptists reported to the " Holland Purchase Yearly Meet- ing" the following statistics for 1834: Church organiza- tions 13; number of preachers 9; number of members 421.

One Seventh-Day Baptist Church was reported in the same year for Cattaraugus County. .

The list of the clergymen of Cattaraugus County in 1835, as below given, is from Williams' Register of the following year, and is noticeable as containing the first mention of the Associate Reformed, Dutch Reformed, and Universalist denominations in the county. The list is as follows :

Presbyterian .- Sylvester Cowles, Ellicottville; William Waith, Burton ; Abel C. Ward, Connewango; J. T. Bald- win, Franklinville; Wm. J. Wilcox, Franklinville; John B. Preston, Lodi; Justin Marsh, Napoli; D. F. Conde, Otto.

Baptist .- Ebenezer Vining, Ellicottville; Adrian Foote, Farmersville ; Eliab Going, Hinsdale; R. W. Vining, Lit- tle Valley ; Bart. Brayman, Napoli; --- Glazier, Napoli ; Daniel Platt, Otto; Asahel Wells, West Otto.

Methodist .- William Buck, Olean ; Wm. R. Babcock, Lodi; J. H. Whalen, Lodi; L. Coburn, Ellicottville; D. J. B. Hoyt, Ellicottville.

Episcopalian .- Thomas Morris, Ellicottville.

Universalist .- J. Todd, Ellicottville; C. Morton, Conne- wango; S. A. Skeele, Freedom.

Associate Reformed .- William Howden, Ellicottville. Dutch Reformed .- O. H. Gregory, Farmersville.

Following are given statistics of the churches of Catta- raugus County-by denominations-from the censuses of 1855, 1865, and 1875 :

FOR THE YEAR 1855.

Denomination.

No. Church Or-

ganizations.

Value Church

Usual Attend-

No. Communi-

of Clergy.

Baptist.

$18,000

1280

707

$3005

Free-Will Baptist.

7,750

500

244

830

Church Christ Connection.

800

300

Congregational

9,400

635

182

1800

Methodist Episcopal.

36,950

2230

1487

5512

Calvinistic Methodist

700

250

Wesleyan Methodist ..

1,200

100

350

Presbyterian.

12,500

495

232

1800

Asso. Ref'd Presbyterian ..

2,000

100

350

Protestant Episcopal ..

6,000

100

1100

Roman Catholic.

12,270

500

430

1150

Union ..

800

300

Universalist

2,000

135

600

* At Freedom.

t At Lyndon.

+ At Lyndon.

¿ Olean and Ellicottville.

|| Machias.

* At Machias.

t New Albion.

į Persia.

¿ Lyndon.

FOR THE YEAR 1865.

No. Church Or-

ganizations.

Value Church Property.

Usual Attend-

No. Communi-

cants.

Salary

Baptist

$22,900

905

683

$4,400

Free-Will Baptist ..

6,750

335

107

650

Christian Connection

1,000

150

400

Congregational

11,500

675

175

1,900

Evangelical Lutheran.

2,300

175

375

Methodist Episcopal

56,450

2670

1328

11,044

Methodist Protestant.

...

150

600

Wesleyan Methodist

400

150

Whitefield Methodist

1,100

200

Presbyterian

16,500

630

350

3,700

Protestant Episcopal.

8,000

200

110

1,600

FOR THE YEAR 1875.

Denomination.

No. Church Or-

ganizations.

No. Edifices.

Membership.

Value Church

Property.

Salaries

Baptist ..

1203

$56,100

$7,750

Calvinistic Methodist

2,000

150

Christian Connection.

4,000

500

Congregational

308

22,700

4,100

Evangelical Association

2,000

500

Evangelical Lutheran.

231

7,400

1,020

Free-Will Baptist

229

15,600

1,050

Methodist Episcopal.

1707

134,450

15,180

Moravian.

...

386

38,500

5,000

Protestant Episcopal.

120

10,700

1,725

Roman Catholic

4045

92,225

3,360

Second Advent.

2,275

350

Union

3,500

500

United Meth. Free Church ...

238

13,000

1,565

United Presbyterian ...

7,500

1,700

Universalist.

1,000

864

Historical sketches of the different churches in the county are given separately in the towns in which they are respec- tively located.

The Cattaraugus Sunday-School Union was formed at Ellicottville in 1832, with Rev. Sylvester Cowles as Presi- dent, Rev. Eliab Going as Vice-President, and Rev. Mead Holmes, Secretary. A great celebration was held at Elli- cottville under the auspices of this association in 1837, at which fifteen hundred children attended; and the occasion is represented as having been one of the most interesting of the kind ever witnessed in Cattaraugus County. In 1839 the Rev. Thomas Morris, rector of the Episcopal Churches at Ellicottville and Olean, was president of the Union. In 1841 the Rev. Mead Holmes filled the office of secretary. The " committee of vigilance" of the association at that time were as follows : Daniel Chase, Burton ; Hiram Gould, Ashford ; Deacon Hollister, Connewango; A. Brown, Ellicottville; Ira Norton, Great Valley ; Sanford L. Hooker, Freedom ; Samuel Burt, Franklinville ; Levi Peet, Farmers- ville ; - Ostrander and - Melville, Hinsdale ; James Bond, Humphrey ; Lyman Lee, Little Valley ; A. N. Hayden, Lyndon ; Isaac Shaw, Machias ; Deacon T. Everett, Napoli ; E. Parmelee, New Albion ; L. Whitney, Olean ; S. H.

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Google

‘Cle

Property.

ance.

cants.

Salary

2,500

200

Free Methodist.

of Clergy.

Denomination.

ance.

of Clergy.

Presbyterian

HISTORY OF CATTARAUGUS COUNTY, NEW YORK.

Lull, East Otto; C. B. Allen, West Otto; H. Dusenbury, Portville; Rev. H. Wheeler, Randolph ; Peter Bunn, Mansfield ; Deacon Templeton, Dayton ; L. Culver, Cold Spring.

The report of the committee for that year stated that :

" In the following ten towns, namely, Ashford, Farmersville, Frank- linville, Portville, Olean, Otto, Great Valley, Little Valley, Ellicottville, and Machias, we have 24 schools, 187 teachers, 1127 scholars, 2179 volumes in libraries, 30 converted during the past year, 3333 chil- dren between the ages of 5 and 16 years. Guided in our calculations by these 10, we have in the 26 towns of the county 62 schools, 486 teachers, 2930 scholars, 5665 volumes in libraries. By reference to the clerk's office it is found that the proportion of children in the other towns is greater, making the whole number in the county 9067. The proportion, then with the above ages and now attending Sunday- school, is less than one-third; and allowing one-ninth for those over and under those ages who should attend, we have in the county more than 9000 children and youth whose moral and religious culture re- quire our immediate attention."

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History of Cattaraugus County, New York, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 18

Author: Franklin Ellis and Eugene Arns Nash Publication date: Publisher: Number of Pages:

Author: Franklin Ellis and Eugene Arns Nash
Publication date:
Publisher:
Number of Pages: