History of Cattaraugus County, New York, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 31

Author: Franklin Ellis and Eugene Arns Nash
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February 18 the column moved on across the Saluda, leaving the ruins of Columbia to the right. Broad River was crossed on the 20th, and the regiment reached Winns- boro' at noon of the 21st. " A large portion of the town was burned by the advance before the arrival of the main column, which labored to extinguish the flames." The troops destroyed the railroad-track as they advanced. The camp of the 22d was at Rocky Mount, and the Catawba River was crossed the following day. Several days of un- eventful marching succeeded, and late in the evening of the 4th of March the 154th crossed the north line of the State and camped near Sneadsboro'. "We are now in North Carolina. Whether this wholesale destruction of property will continue as we advance remains to be seen. I hope a better spirit will prevail. North Carolina has shown considerable Union sentiment during the war, and I believe a proper course by our army would cause the slum- bering fire to burst forth. We have left the other State behind, and also our mark, which it will take years to obliterate. Sherman will long be remembered, as was Attila, as the 'Scourge of God' to Carolina."

The column passed on through the intervening country towards the northeast, and, at nightfall on the 12th of March, the 154th camped in the arsenal-grounds at Fay- etteville, N. C .; but on the following day the camp was moved across the Cape Fear River, two miles out of the town. On the 15th it was rumored that Lee had evacuated Richmond and moved to Sherman's immediate front ; con- sequently, " the army is ordered to strip for a fight." The report was soon discovered to be false. On the 16th occurred the fight at Averysboro', and on the 19th the battle of Bentonville, in neither of which the 154th par- ticipated. It left the vicinity of Fayetteville on the 16th,

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and reached camp near Goldsboro' on the 22d of March. About this time Gen. Jones returned, and on the 30th took command of the brigade. On the 6th of April, " Glorious news is received from Richmond : Lee retreating towards Danville; twenty-five thousand prisoners and five hundred guns captured. If it is true, it is the crowning triumph of the war, and must soon end it." In the morning of the 10th the division moved through Goldsboro' out on the Smithfield Road. The next day the 2d Brigade, being in advance, discovered the enemy, and moved a considerable distance through the woods in line of battle. On the 12th, the regiment being then encamped at Smithfield, " tidings were received of the surrender of Lee and his entire army to General Grant." The result was unbounded rejoicing among the wearied soldiers. Before noon on the 14th the regiment reached Raleigh, and joined the remainder of the brigade, which had camped on the outskirts of the city during the previous day. April 16, Sunday, religious services were held at eleven A.M. " Nothing new from the front until about nine P.M., when word was brought that Johnston would surrender on the same terms as were given to Lee. Great intoxication throughout the camps round Raleigh, which was kept up nearly all night." April 17, " received tidings of the great Washington tragedy, which cast a gloom over the entire army. Hope it may not be as bad as represented. Johnston's surrender still undecided. The troops are thinking of going home soon." Nothing more of note occurred until the 22d, when the corps was reviewed in Raleigh by Gen. Sherman. "The day was fine, and so was the display. Raleigh never witnessed a grander military assemblage." On the 24th another grand display was witnessed in the review of the 17th Corps by Gen. Grant, who had come to North Carolina with power to conclude the negotiations then in progress for the surrender of the Confederate army under Johnston.

The regiment left camp at Raleigh in the morning of April 25, and marched to Jones' Cross Roads, at which place they went into camp at about sunset of the same day, and where they remained, foraging the country and await- ing orders for future movements, dependent on the accept- ance or rejection of the proposed terms of surrender. Two days after their arrival, orders were received to return to Raleigh. They marched at daylight on the 28th, and arrived at camp near the city early in the same day. At Raleigh there were wild rejoicings, and at night the city was illuminated by fireworks ; for the surrender of Johnston had ended the great war, and now the worn-out veterans, having fought their last battle, might, after a brief season of preparation, turn their faces towards the north star.

HOMEWARD BOUND.

The 29th was passed in rejoicings, congratulations, and "preparations for the homeward march to-morrow, when we are to set out for home by way of Richmond and Wash- ington. A march of more than three hundred miles is before us, but we are homeward bound, and every day will bring us nearer the loved spot."

At about seven o'clock in the morning of Sunday, the 30th of April, the 154th Regiment broke camp, and, tak- ing the lead of the brigade, which was second in line of

the 2d Division, marched through Raleigh in column by company, with music and at cadenced step, saluting the headquarters of Gens. Slocum and Terry as they passed, and then moved out and away on the road to Richmond. The progress of their march to that city and thence to Washington was as follows: April 30, crossed the Neuse River, and camped about fifteen miles from Raleigh. May 1, crossed Tar River, and made a distance of twenty-three miles during the day. "The country through which we are passing is very fine, and does not appear to have suffered much from the army. Many returned soldiers [Confeder -. ates] are now at home, and farming is now going on upon a good scale." May 2, made about eighteen miles, and camped two miles from Williamsboro'. May 3, passed through the town, crossed State line into Virginia, made a distance of twelve miles. 3d, crossed the Roanoke River on pontoons, and made about twenty miles. 5th, crossed the Meherrin River, and camped two miles from the Nottoway. 6th, crossed Nottoway River, struck the South Side Railroad at Black and White Station, passed easterly along the rail- road, and camped at Wilson's Station. May 7, made twenty miles, reached the Appomattox River at night, crossed at Kirke's Ford, and camped on the left bank of the river. 8th, made twenty miles, passing through Clover Hill and to the left of Chesterfield Court-House, crossed Swift and Falling Creeks, and camped within seven miles of Richmond. 9th, moved two miles nearer the city. 10th, it had been arranged that on this day the corps should pass through Richmond, and be reviewed there by Gen. Halleck, but the order was countermanded, and they remained in camp. "It seems that Gen. Sherman has arrived, and concluded to run his own machine and order his own reviews." 11th, marched through Manchester (the southern suburb of Richmond), where the 24th Corps was drawn up in line along the main street to receive them, crossed the James River, marched in column through the principal streets of the conquered city, then out four miles on the road to Ashland. 12th, marched (the 154th lead- ing the division), over very wet and muddy roads, a distance of twelve miles to Ashland, where the regiment was de- tailed for provost duty in the town. The railroad trains were running from the Potomac south as far as this point. 13th, crossed the South Anna, marched fifteen miles, and camped on north branch of Little River. 14th, marched fifteen miles, crossing the North Anna, and encamped be- tween the Mat and Ta Rivers, on Spottsylvania Road. 15th, passed Spottsylvania Court-House, and from thence to Chancellorsville, moving over a part of the field on which they had received their bloody initiation a little more than two years before. A halt was made here to allow the men to stroll over the well-remembered localities, but soon came the call to fall in, when the regiment marched to United States Ford, crossed the Rappahannock, and encamped on its northern side, having marched twenty miles. May 16, marched by way of Hartwood Church towards Catlett's Station, on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, and camped on a branch of Cedar Creek, having marched fif- teen miles. 17th, marched twelve miles through excessive heat and great scarcity of water to camp at Brentsville. 18th, crossed Broad and Bull Runs, and camped two miles

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north of Fairfax Station. 19th, crossed railroad at Fair- fax Station, thence down the railroad and the Fairfax Turn- pike, and camped at Cloud's Mills, three miles from Alex- andria. At this camp the regiment remained for five days, during which time it " received a large number of conva- lescents as well as some new recruits."

On the 24th of May they broke camp at five A.M., marched to the Long Bridge and crossed the Potomac to the city of Washington, through which they passed, with the other divisions of the army, along Maryland, Pennsyl- vania, and other principal avenues. This day's march formed a part of a military pageant more imposing than any ever seen in America, and seldom surpassed in Europe, -the grand review of the armies of Grant, Sherman, and Sheridan ; all bronzed, and powder-grimed, and tattered, but marching under shredded and shot-torn battle-flags that brought to mind the glories of Mission Ridge, the Shenan- doah, and Appomattox.

After review they marched to the vicinity of Bladens- burg, Md., and bivouacked for the night, but on the follow- ing day went into camp near the Baltimore and Washington Railroad. This day they were visited by their former sur- geon, Dr. Henry Van Aernam, who was about returning home, and who brought with him to Cattaraugus many a message of cheer from the men of the 154th. Gov. Reuben E. Fenton visited the camp on the 26th, and again on the 30th of May. On the latter occasion he presented a stand of colors-the gift of the county of Cattaraugus-made by Tiffany & Co., of New York, at a cost of $325. The Gov- ernor was received with the honors due a major-general, and. the brigade was drawn up in column by division, to witness the ceremony of presentation, which elicited great enthusiasm and applause.

Two slight changes of camp were made while at Bladens- burg, the second being made on the 15th of June. The companion regiments, with whom they had marched and fought so long, were now rapidly mustering out and leaving for home. The 119th left on the 8th. The 137th was mustered out on the 9th, and the 134th on the 10th. On the 11th of June the officers and men of the 154th were marched to division headquarters, and there mustered out of the United States service; the number present being three hundred and three enlisted men and twenty-five off- cers. At half past one P.M. on the 12th they broke camp and marched to Washington ; and at a little before mid- night all left by railroad, and arrived at Baltimore at about six A.M. They left the city about noon, by the Northern Central Railroad, reached Harrisburg at six P.M., Williams- port, Pa., at daylight, and Elmira at eleven A.M., on the 14th of June. After dinner, taken at the Soldiers' Rest, they marched out to a location near Barracks No. 3, where they pitched their last camp. Here they remained for nine days, waiting to receive their pay, which was to be the last act of their soldier-life. Their position here, during this time, was one of ease and freedom, but they naturally felt impatient to depart, and many an angry imprecation was hurled at the paymaster (there was but one present on duty) for his tardiness. But the wished-for time at length ar- rived, and, on Friday, the 23d of June, the men and officers of the 154th Regiment received their final payment, and

went, each his own way, to resume the vocations of civil life.

THE 85TH REGIMENT.

This three-years' regiment, which contained two Cattarau- gus companies (the others being from Allegany and Ontario), was organized at Elmira, and mustered into the United States service from Dec. 3 to 13, 1861, under Col. Uriah Davis, Lieut .- Col. Jonathan S. Belknap, and Major J. A. Williams. The actions inscribed on its record are Fair Oaks, Savage Station, Franklin, Va., Kinston, Whitehall, and Goldsboro', N. C.

At the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out, and the regi- ment, composed of veterans and recruits, retained in service till June 27, 1865, when it was mustered out by orders from the War Department.

THE 9TH NEW YORK CAVALRY.

This regiment was raised in 1861, rendezvoused at the Albany Depot of Volunteers, and organized as the 9th Cav- alry by special order No. 511, from general headquarters, State of New York, dated Nov. 23, in that year. The field- officers designated by that order were Col. John Beardsley, Lieut .- Col. Wm. B. Hyde, Majors William Sackett, Charles McLean Knox, and George S. Nichols. The regiment con- tained two companies from Cattaraugus, namely, those of Capt. Benjamin F. Chamberlain, of Randolph, and Capt. Emery A. Anderson, of Little Valley (afterwards major). They were mustered from September 9 to November 19, and on Nov. 26 left for Washington, where their winter quar- ters were made at " Camp Fenton," situated in a grove be- tween Seventh and Fourteenth Streets, in the northwest part of the city, where they laid for several months, and in the opening of the spring campaign of 1862 were moved to the Peninsula, where they participated in the siege of Yorktown, and the battle of Williamsburg, as artillery and infantry. The men were mounted and equipped July 3, 1862, and attached to Buford's Cavalry Brigade, from which time, during its term of service, its record was heroic, its history as eventful as that of any cavalry regiment in the army. Its record of engagements in the office of the adjutant-general is inscribed with the names of Cedar Moun- tain, Brandy Station, Aldie, Upperville, Gainesville, Second Bull Run, Chantilly, Antietam, Gettysburg, Kelly's Ford, Rappahannock Station, Sulphur Springs, Opequan, Wilder- ness, Cold Harbor, Mechanicsville, Deep Bottom, Winches- ter, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, Petersburg. Besides these it was engaged in the fights of Germantown, Haymarket, Berryville, Middleburg, Upperville, Spotted Tavern, Goose Creek, Boonesboro', Funkstown, Falling Waters, Stevens- burg, Culpepper, Deep Bottom, Bealton, and Mine Run, in all or nearly all of which it suffered in killed, wounded, or prisoners.

At the expiration of its term of service the original members, except veterans, were mustered out, and the 4th New York Cavalry was transferred to this, as Companies B, E, and L; and with these the organization, composed of veterans and recruits, was retained in the service until July 17, 1865, when it was mustered out by order of the War Department.

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The confidence placed by its commanders in the fight- ing quality of this regiment may be understood from the tenor of the following order,-one of many such testi- monials received :

" HEADQUARTERS 2D BRIGADE, IST CAV. DIVISION, ARMY OF " THE MIDDLE MILITARY DEPT. OF WASHINGTON, June 4, 1864. " Special Orders, No. 27.

"The 9th New York Cavalry, of this brigade, having been ordered to the Department of the Shenandoah, the brevet brigadier-general commanding considers it an act of justice to the officers and men of this decimated command to refer to their services during the cam- paign just ended. Upon them devolved the duty of sustaining the reputation of the fighting 9th during the brilliant operation upon the enemy's communications north of the James River, and in the campaign that culminated in the suppression of the rebellion. At the battles of Five Forks, Shiloh Creek, Scott's Cross-Roads, and Ap- pomattox Court-House, their behavior under their gallant leader, Maj. Dinnin, elicited the highest commendations, and their stubborn valor on more than one occasion assisted materially in the success achieved. Their glorious record will always be one of the brightest chapters in the history of the 2d Brigade. " CHARLES J. FITZHUGH,

" Brevet Brig .- Gen. Commanding."

The custom of holding annual reunions of soldiers and sailors who served in the great war has been observed by the veterans of Cattaraugus and Chautauqua Counties with remarkable regularity and enthusiasm. The first of these was held at Randolph, in 1868, and since that time five of these interesting meetings have occurred in this county ; the latest and most enthusiastic of all having convened at Ellicottville, Sept. 3, 1878, on which occasion there was an estimated attendance of from eight thousand to ten thousand people, among whom were a great number of soldiers. A reunion of the veterans of the 64th Regi-

ment took place a few weeks later. The holding of these meetings, tending to preserve and strengthen the fraternal bonds formed in the bloody days of the great struggle, is an excellent custom, and should never be allowed to fall into disuse.

Posts of the Grand Army of the Republic have been organized in the county (at Olean and Allegany, with Col. Enos C. Brooks and Capt. Warren Onan as commandants), and for a time had a numerous membership. But these have been finally discontinued, for the reason that many of the members resided at a distance, and much difficulty was experienced in securing a sufficient attendance at regular meetings to make them interesting and successful.

The beautiful memorial observance, which has become general, of placing floral offerings on soldiers' graves at each return of spring has prevailed at various places in the county, though, perhaps, with less of regularity and ceremony than would be given to it if larger numbers of the heroic dead had been laid together in a single ground, instead of being scattered in smaller numbers through many places of inter- ment, where large gatherings are impracticable. But none are neglected, nor do surviving friends and comrades forget those who were never brought here for their final rest.

There is a broad cemetery stretching away south ward from the locust-fringed Potomac, to the sand-beaches of the Gulf; and all over that wide burial-place, all along the slopes of Virginia, and the ridges of Georgia and Tennessee, the soldier sons of Cattaraugus are sleeping in unmarked graves. And there, under the Southern blossoms and evergreens, they will slumber on, till the reveille of the Archangel awakens them.

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ROSTER OF SOLDIERS

IN THE

WAR OF THE REBELLION, FROM CATTARAUGUS COUNTY .*

OLEAN.

Randall, Geo. H., private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Oct. 1861; disch. Nov. 1864. Randall, Simon, private, 61st N. Y. Inf. ; enl. March, 1865; must. out at expira- tion of term.

Randall, Addison, private, Navy; enl. March, 1864, two years; must. out at ex- piration of term (on "Brooklyn").

Whitney, Russell M., private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 18, 1861; pro. to 1st lieut .; resigned.

Wands, James B. W., on U. S. gunboat "Montgomery;" enl. Aug. 13, 1862; disch. in June, 1863.

Wands, Alfred L., private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 6, 1864, one year; must. out at expiration of term.

Barron, George, private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 13, 1862, three years; must. out at expiration of term.

McMahon, John, regt. not given; enl. Oct. 1864.

Peterson, Solomon, private, 5th Mass. Regt .; enl. Dec. 24, 1863, three years. Peterson, Americus, private, 31st N. Y. Inf. ; enl. Dec. 24, 1863, three years. Johnson, Henry, private, 5th Mass. Regt .; enl. Dec. 24, 1863, three years.

Brown, Samuel A., private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Oct. 18, 1861; pro. to 2d lieut. ; disch. Oct. 1862, on account of disability.

Renwick, Robert H., capt., 64th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 1861; disch. June, 1862, for disability and wounds.

Renwick, Victor D., private, 64th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 1861; pro. to capt .; disch. Feb. 1865, on account of disability.

Ramsey, W. H., private, 9th N. Y. Cav .; enl. Sept. 16, 1862 ; pro. to 2d lieut. Davis, Eugene M., ord .- sergt., 27th N. Y. Inf .; enl. April 19, 1861; pro. to sergt., major; re-enl. Ist N. Y. Vet. Cav.

Hill, George, private, 20th U. S. Inf .; enl. Sept. 14, 1864; pro. to drum-major. Hough, Samuel, private, 102d U. S. Inf .; enl. Dec. 1863, three years. Schermerhorn, Chas. A., private ; enl. Feb. 1865, three years.

Sherwood, Myron B., private, 12th N. Y. Cav .; enl. Aug. 15, 1864; disch. May, 1865.

McMillen, Marcus, musician, 58th Pa. Vols .; enl. Oct. 15, 1862 ; disch. Sept. 1863. Munger, Jerome, private; enl. Aug. 2, 1862; disch. Feb. 1863.

Lawrence, George, private, 142d N. Y. Inf. ; enl. Aug. 22, 1863, three years.

Schneider, Conrad, private, 32d N. Y. Inf .; enl. for two years, and re-enl. March, 1865.

Lawrence, Russell, private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 17, 1862, three years. Jourdan, Geo. W., private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; disch. for disab. ; in service seventeen months.

Brown, Frank C., capt., 9th N. Y. Cav. : enl. Sept. 1861, three years, and re-enl. 9th N. Y. Vet. Cav.

Mahar, James, private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Jan. 1, 1864, three years. King, Chas., capt., 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. July, 1861, three years; re-enlisted.

King, James, private, 27th N. Y. Inf .; enl. May, 1861; pro. to 2d lieut. ; disch. May, 1863.

Hotchkiss, Arthur, Ist lieut., 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 26, 1862; pro. to capt .; trans. to 97th N. Y. Inf.

McIvor, Thos., private, 40th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Feb. 1865, one year.

Cooper, Harvey A., corp., 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 1861, three years; re-enl. 4th U. S. Light Art.

- Smith, Stephen, corp., 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 1861 ; disch. Oct. 1862, for disab. Brooks, E. C., colonel, 04th N. Y. Inf .: enl. Aug. 1861; disch. May, 1864; shot through the left shoulder.

Mason, Thos., corp., 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 27, 1862; disch. March, 1865, on account of wounds.

Morton, Alex., Jr., private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 1862, three years. Morton, Andrew, 2d lieut., 17th Wis. Regt. ; enl. 1864, one year.

Morton, James, private, 85th N. Y. Inf. ; enl. Feb. 1863, three years; captured at Plymouth, N. C., and prisoner at Andersonville.

* This list, although probably not absolutely complete and perfect, is believed to be as nearly so as it is practicable to make it; having been taken from the muster rolls in the Adjutaut-General's office, added to and corrected from the town lists prepared for the Bureau of Military Record, and finally revised and verified by officers and soldiers of the county who served with the various regiments during the war.

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Gifford, L. W., private, Kane Rifles; enl. June, 1861 ; pro. to capt., and disch. March, 1862, on account of disability.

Belknap, John S., lieut .- col., 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 1861; pro. to col., and disch. July, 1863.

Swartz, John, drum-major, 5th Mass. Cav .; enl. Jan. 1864, three years. Sweitzer, F., musician, 9th N. Y. Cav .; enl. April 1, 1864, three years.

Butler, Alfred W., private, 5th Mass. Cav .; enl. Dec. 26, 1863; disch. Oct. 1864, for disability.

Chadwick, Ransom A., drummer, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Nov. 1861 ; disch. June, 1865, for disability ; taken prisoner at Plymouth, N. C.

Manderville, J. Bradley, private, 141st N. Y. Inf .; enl. Oct. 18, 1864, one year. Freeman, Wm. A., private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 28, 1862, three years; trans. to Invalid Corps.

Stark, Stephen, private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. for three years. Stark, Saul, private, 86th N. Y. Inf. ; enl. for one year.

Hicks, Stephen, corp., 136th N. Y. Inf. ; enl. for three years.

Bradley, S. Henry, private, 9th N. Y. Cav .; enl. Feb. 1864; pro. to 1st lieut. Cooper, Andrew, private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 1862, three years.

Miller, H. C., capt., 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Sept. 6, 1861 ; disch. Jan. 1863, for disab. Pierce, Lacey A., private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 6, 1862; disch. April, 1865. Miller, Chas., private, 41st N. Y. Inf .; enl. Oct. 1861 ; disch. Dec. 1864, on ac- count of wounds.

Kirkmire, Frank, private, 85th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Oct. 16, 1864, one year. Abbott, Delos, private, 9th Mich. Cav. ; enl. Aug. 17, 1864, one year.

Wood, George, private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 15, 1862, three years; trans. to Vet. Res. Corps.

Coss, Chas. G., private, 81st N. Y. Inf .; enl. April, 1865, one year.

Earle, C. A., corp., Minnesota Mounted Rangers ; enl. Oct. 1862, one year; re- enl. in 2d Minnesota Cav. as 2d sergt.

Thurber, Chas. F., private, 93d Pennsylvania Inf .; enl. Dec. 1, 1864, one year. Carmon, Wm., 2d lieut., 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 4, 1862, three years. Smith, John (no record).

Jones, Daniel, private, 81st N. Y. Inf .; enl. April 18, 1865, one year. Chase, Augustus, private, 81st N. Y. Inf .; enl. April 18, 1865, one year. Brown, Edw., private, 154th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 31, 1862, three years. Murray, Thos., private, 164th N. Y. Inf .; enl. Aug. 1862; disch. June, 1865. McDonough, Rich'd, private, enl. Aug. 1861, three years.

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History of Cattaraugus County, New York, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of Some of Its Prominent Men and Pioneers, Part 31

Author: Franklin Ellis and Eugene Arns Nash Publication date: Publisher: Number of Pages:

Author: Franklin Ellis and Eugene Arns Nash
Publication date:
Publisher:
Number of Pages: