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Gc 974.802 At4m 1206034
M. L.
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
L
22.50
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
490:17.50 3 1833 02230 2001
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OLD TIOGA POINT.
M RS. LOUISE WELLES MURRAY'S Early Athens, Pennsylvania," (pub- lished by the author, Athens, Penn., $5,) is deserving of hearty commendation, because of the energy and pains which the . author has expended in the unearthing of new material and in its arrangement and presentation. Such local historians as she, who labor for years with love and enthusiasm-and often with not much other reward-over old letters, journals, documents, and dusty archives, sorting out and collating facts and incidents of early times, are worthy of more attention and praise than is their usual meed. For their work is of great importance in. en- riching, enlarging, and making more ac- curate the sources of our history, and, in addition, it preserves many characteristic .facts and features of the early days of our country which would otherwise fall into oblivion.
Mrs. Murray's substantial volume of over 600 pages is replete with interest for both the historical student and the gen- eral reader who has a taste for historical investigation., Her locality in Northern Pennsylvania .was an important one in In- dian, Colonial, and early American times, and its story is rich in incidents bearing upon the general history of the country, as well as interesting because of their purely, human. value. Mrs. Murray has not treated her theme from the purely local standpoint, but has kept in mind its close relations with the broad current affairs along the Atlantic seaboard has thrown out her local story against 1 proper background of general" history.
She begins at the very beginning and tells as much of the prehistoric tale of Tioga Point as . can be gathered "from the footsteps time has left 'upon its soil. and its rocks. Several chapters are de- voted to a discussion of the, Indians who inhabited this region, their customs, modes of life, the puzzling remains they have left behind them, and the mist-enveloped "traditions of pre-colonial days. Much careful investigation and the collating of material ; from letters : and journals characterize.the chapters devoted to the history , of the region after the coming of the white man.
A goodly portion of the book is taken up with the history of Tioga Point in the matter of the controversy between the Connecticut " and" the""Pennsylvania claimants-a little corner of American his- tory that has. interested several , special students. Mrs, Murray considers.it from three separate standpoints: from the side of each of the two groups of settlers and then from that of the detached and judicial investigator bent on bringing to light as many as possible of the facts . which the strife between the two parties kept concealed. . In the preparation of these sections as well as of the other portions of her history the author has had access to a great quantity of new material in the shape of letters, mem- oranda, and other documents. The book is copiously illustrated from old prints, old and recent photographs, and old maps, sketches, and plans.
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A HISTORY OF OLD TIOGA POINT AND
EARLY ATHENS. Pa.
"THIS SHALL BE WRITTEN FOR THE GENERATIONS TO COME."
-
"THE INDIAN CALLS IT TE-A-O-GA-WHERE THE LOVING WATERS MEET."
LOUISE WELLES MURRAY
AUTHOR OF "SOME FRENCH REFUGEES AND THEIR ASYLUM."
ATHENS, PENNSYLVANIA 1908
-
PROSPECTUS.
This work, which lias been under consideration for twelve years, and to which the author has devoted two years of constant study and research, is now ready for publication; and will be issued in August or September, if a sufficient number of subscriptions is assured.
The period covered is from the earliest recorded Indian history, and the first visits of the white men, down to the time of the Civil War; especial attention being given to the land controversy which grew out of the Connecticut Claim. No pains or expense has been spared in the collection of materials illustrating the story of this most interesting though much neglected point in the Susquehanna Valley, whose strategical importance was even greater than that of Wyoming.
Here for untold centuries the aborigines dwelt, as shown by countless village- sites and burial places. Here the fierce Andastes had their palisaded towns; and later the conquering Iroquois had their outposts, watching and assembling at will their subject tribes, and holding councils with the whites. Here lived the famous Queen Esther. For long years this was the rendezvous of the Indian, the Tory and the British; and here Butler and Brant met in council and planned the descent on Wyoming. Here stood Fort Sullivan, where were assembled the forces of Clinton and Sullivan in preparation for their victorious campaign against the murderous Iroquois, in 1779.
Here was made the last stand of the Connecticut Susquehanna Company; and here was fought out to a finish in 1827, twenty years later than at Wyoming, the last "Yankee and Pennamite " campaign; no complete account of which has hitherto been published.
The work has far outgrown original estimates, owing to the unexpected masses of valuable new material found in old letters and documents, as well as in the State archives, and the collections of prominent Historical Societies. The book will be a stout octavo of 700 to 800 pages, printed and bound in the best manner, with 125 illustrations, comprising portraits of the early settlers, their homes and business places; many important maps of both local and general interest, letters and docu- ments, hitherto unpublished; also 50 fac-similes of autographs of the pioneers. Family history is given only in brief biographical notes, carefully compiled.
The price will be $5.00 per copy, bound in buckram, witli appropriate cover- design; and $10.00 for a small edition-de-luxe, bound in full morocco, gilt tops, &c.
These prices are much below the actual cash expenditure, without counting the labor of years.
No books will be delivered until at least 250 subscriptions are assured. Sub- scriptions for edition-de-luxe not taken after July 15th, 1908.
Address the author, 735 South Main Street, Athens, Pa.
June, 1908.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF TOPICS.
Geographical and Scenic Description-Physiography and Geology of the Valley. The Aborigines of the Upper Susquehanna.
Importance of Tioga Point as Key of the Valley.
Results of Early Explorations as shown in Old Maps.
First Visits of White Men : The Susquehanna and its Discoverers. .
The Andastes, and their towns on the Upper Susquehanna.
Spanishı Hill, its Name and Traditions.
Aboriginal History from the Expulsion of the Andastes.
The French and Indian War, Teedyuscung and the Early Treaties.
Old Sheshequin-The Moravian Mission.
Pre-Revolutionary Settlers. Tories on the Upper Susquehanna.
New Lights on the Hartley and Sullivan Expeditions.
Border Raids after 1779 : Narratives of Scouts and Captives : Tioga Point aban- doned by the Red Men.
The Pickering Treaties at Tioga Point, Newtown and Canandaigua.
Archaeological Research-Indian Village Sites, Burial Places, &c.
Early Travelers, their Impressions and Observations.
The General Land Controversy-The Susquehanna Company-The Connecticut Townships-The Trenton Decree.
Permanent Settlement-Pennsylvania Titles. Matthias Hollenback and his Store- The Lottery Warrants.
Establishment of the State Line.
Jolın Franklin-The Half Share Men-The New State Project-The Connecticut Gore.
Original Connecticut Proprietors of Athens-The Local Land Controversy-Assas- sination of Col. Erwin-Renewed Activity of the Susquehanna Company-The Second New State Scheme-The Intrusion Law.
The Coming of the Pennsylvania Claimants-The Welles-Mathewson Land Con- troversy.
Adjustment of Titles-Work of the Commissioners under the Compensation Law. History of Ulster Township-Rejection of Bedford, Ulster and Athens. Last Efforts of the Susquehanna Company-Special Legislation for Bedford and Ulster.
Erection of Bradford County-Renewal of the Welles-Mathewson contest as a Party Issue-Final Settlement by Legislative Action, 1827.
Annals of Athens, 1815-1860.
Development of Highways and Transportation.
Pioneer Life-Early Industries-School and Church History-The Old Athens Academy-Early Professional Men-Rural Amity Lodge No. 70-The Press -- Along the Old Stage Road -- The Neighbors.
-$22.50
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A HISTORY OF OLD TIOGA POINT
EARLY ATHENS PENNSYLVANIA
"99515 SUALL, 10. WUSSTEN FOR THE GENERATIONS TO COMMIT"
TILL INTAR CALLS IT TE-A-ULGA-WHERE DU LOSING WATERS MIOTY
LOUISE WELLES MURRAY
ATHENS, PENNA. 3908
TIOGA POINT VALLEY, FROM PROSPECT Painted by Montalant, 1856
A HISTORY OF OLD TIOGA POINT AND
EARLY ATHENS PENNSYLVANIA
"THIS SHALL BE WRITTEN FOR THE GENERATIONS TO COME."
-
"THE INDIAN CALLS IT TE-A-O-GA-WHERE THE LOVING WATERS MEET."
LOUISE WELLES MURRAY
ATHENS, PENNA. 1908
COPYRIGHT, 1907, BY LOUISE WELLES MURRAY
THE RAEDER PRESS WILKES-BARRE, PA.
1206034
TO EDWARD WELLES, WHO HAS BEEN MY INSPIRATION, CONSTANT COUNSELLOR, AND WISE CRITIC, THROUGHOUT THE YEARS OF THEIR PREPARATION, THESE ANNALS OF MY BIRTHPLACE ARE DEDICATED WITH SINCERE AFFECTION
L'ENVOI
In every community there are those who scoff at any attempt to preserve local history. For them are here recorded some wise words of great men; many of which were collated by the late Dr. John Hawley, and used in his writings for the Cayuga County (N. Y.) Historical Society, of which he was the first Presi- dent. Dr. Hawley wrote, "Why do we want to know history? Simply because all of us and every one ought to know how we have come to be what we are."
Daniel Webster wrote, "The Man who feels no sentiment of veneration for the memory of his forefathers, who has no natural regard for his ancestors, or his kindred, is himself unworthy of kindred regard or remembrance."
Max Muller says, "What history has to teach us before all and everything, is our own antecedents, our own ancestry, our own descent." "He does wisest and best for himself and for others who takes closest heed to the lessons of the past. Love for the old is not inconsistent with the things of to-day. Whatever tends to unravel the true motives of men and their deeds, clothes the past with living interest. A faithful record of the pioneer generation should mirror forth its man- ners, customs and principles ; and serve to increase our veneration for the men and women who won for us this fair heritage. We can not know too much of the influences which have made and controlled the conditions of society, as they have hindered or advanced its welfare. Therefore we should collect and preserve the memorials of our local history, while the incidents of its early settlement are yet fresh in memory or tradition."
Brodhead, the historian, said, "A decent reverence for the past must always be an ingredient of the highest patriotism. The more that is known of the history of a locality, the more the people will love it, and stand up for it, not only for what it is, but for what their predecessors have done and suffered to make it what it is."
"There are many ways of learning history ; we read it not only from written documents, records, traditions, monuments and coins ; but also from ethnological and geological remains." In all these "one needs to be well versed to discover the thread of fiction from the warp of truth, in the mingling of romance which certain writers choose to adopt, for the day is past in which romance can be accepted as history."
Schiller well calls history "The tribunal of the World."
Hesitatingly we send forth this work of our hand to be judged in the tri- bunal of our own world, the Valley of the Susquehanna.
LOUISE WELLES MURRAY.
December, 1907.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
L'ENVOI
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER
PART I HISTORY OF TIOGA POINT BEFORE THE SETTLEMENT BY WHITES 1614-1791 PAGE
CHAPTER I .- TIOGA POINT :- Geographical and Scenic Description-Ath- ens Township and Borough-Some Observations on the Physiography and Geology of the Valley-Fossils of the Mammalian Era Found Along the Tioga River.
3
CHAPTER II .- THE AMERICAN INDIAN :- The Aborigines of the Upper Susquehanna before the coming of the White Man-Indian Names for Tioga Point-Its Importance as Key of the Valley-Indian Customs and Modes of Living.
20
CHAPTER III .- EARLY EXPLORATIONS :- The Results as Shown in Old Maps- First Visits of White Men to the Vicinity of Tioga Point-The Susquehanna and its Discoverers.
29
CHAPTER IV .- THE ANDASTES :- The Car-an-tou-ans and their Towns on the Upper Susquehanna; Car-an-tou-an, Os-co-lu-i, Go-hon-to-to, O-noch-sa-e, Tenk-gha-nack-e and Others-Spanish Hill; Location, Description, Origin, Occupation, Name and Traditions-Some Curious Relics Found on Tioga Point and Nearby
43
CHAPTER V .- ABORIGINAL HISTORY CONTINUED :- From Expulsion of Andastes to the Revolutionary War-The French and Indian War Teedyuscung and the Treaties.
70
CHAPTER VI .- OLD SHESHEQUIN :- The Two Towns-The Moravian Mission-Queen Esther and Her Town 103
CHAPTER VII .- EARLY TEMPORARY SETTLEMENTS :- The White Settlers in this Vicinity Prior to the Revolution-Tories on the Upper Susque- hanna-Tioga Point and Neighborhood During the Revolutionary War Preparations for the Descent on Wyoming-Flight of the Fugitives Indian Dances or Festivals. 115
CHAPTER VIII .- REVOLUTIONARY CAMPAIGNS IN THIS VALLEY :- The Sul- livan Expedition, and Its Forerunner, Commanded by Colonel Hartley Some New Lights on Their History-Life in Fort Sullivan-Cherry Valley Massacre 127
CHAPTER IX .- CONDITIONS AFTER 1779 :- Border Raids Continued-Nar- ratives of Scouts and Captives-Teaoga Abandoned by the Red Men The Narrative of the Indian Girl Way-way.
166
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
CHAPTER X .- INDIAN COUNCILS :- The Pickering Treaties at Tioga Point, Newtown and Canandaigua-Colonel Proctor's .Mission and Journal-Indian Traders and Trading Posts at and near Tioga Point .. 171 CHAPTER XI .- RESULTS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH :- Indian Village Sites, Burial Places, Potteries and Flint Factories in the Tioga Point Region-Accounts of the Investigations of Messrs. Wright, Murray, Ercanbrack, Lang and Others. 195
CHAPTER XII .- VISITORS TO OLD TIOGA POINT :- Early Travelers Through the Valley-Their Impressions and Observations. 210
PART II THE CONNECTICUT CLAIM 1754-1798
CHAPTER XIII .- THE GENERAL, LAND CONTROVERSY :- A Few Outlines, Queries, Answers and Reflections. 221
CHAPTER XIV .- THE PERMANENT SETTLEMENT OF THE VALLEY :- Penn- sylvania Titles Under Province and State-The Coming of the First Settlers-Matthias Hollenback and "Hollenback's Store"-Lockhart's Lottery Warrant-The Establishment of the State Line-Effect of the Decree of Trenton-John Franklin-The Half-Share Men or "Wild Yankees"-Cause of the Settlement of Ulster and Athens-The New State Project-The Intercepted Letters-Franklin Imprisoned-The Connecticut Gore 235
CHAPTER XV .- THE PIONEERS :- The Original Proprietors of Athens The Beginnings of the Settlement-Excitement Over Indian Murders First Suit in Local Controversy-Erwin's Claim-Many Newcomers Franklin Released-Renewed Activity of Susquehanna Company-Sec- ond New State Scheme-Agitation Over the Intrusion Law-Condi- tions of Trade-General Town History to 1798. 300
PART III THE PENNSYLVANIA CLAIM 1798-1830
CHAPTER XVI .- THE PENNSYLVANIA CLAIM :- The Coming of the Penn- sylvania Claimants to Tioga Point-Their Various Experiences and Experiments-Another Epoch of Anticipated Greatness as Told in Old Letters-Effect of the Compromise Law and Previous Acts-The Con- troversy that Grew Out of the Enforcement of Lockhart's Claim. 353
CHAPTER XVII .- ADJUSTMENT OF TITLES :- Tioga Point at the Opening of the Century-Agitation Caused by Attempted Enforcement of the Intrusion Law-Work of the Commissioners Under the Compensation Law-History of Ulster Township-Rejection of Bedford, Ulster and Athens-Last Efforts of the Susquehanna Company-The Satterlee- Matthewson Controversy-The Bedford and Ulster Act-Work of the Commissioners of 1810-Final Adjustment of Connecticut Claims-Con- ditions of Trade-War of 1812-Militia.
397
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
CHAPTER XVIII .- SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS :- Caton's Interest and Its Adjustment-Many Propositions for the Indian Arrow-Erection of Bradford County-Politics and Parties in New Bradford-The Wash- ingtonian and Its Career-Renewal of Welles-Mathewson Controversy as a Party Issue-Seven Years Before the Legislature-The Final Set- tlement in 1827-Disposition of Caton's Lands. 440
PART IV GENERAL HISTORY 1785-1860
CHAPTER XIX .- ANNALS OF EARLY ATHENS :- 1815-1860. 481
CHAPTER XX .- DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHWAYS AND TRANSPORTATION :- In-
dian Trails-Bridle Paths-Waterways -- Post Routes-Stage Coaches Roads-Canals-Railroads 519
CHAPTER XXI .- PIONEER LIFE :- Homes of the Pioneers-Old Time Sports, Hunting, Fishing-Social Entertainments-Early Industries, Distilleries, Saw Mills, Grist Mills, Woolen Mills-Fires and Fire Companies 537
CHAPTER XXII .- SCHOOL AND CHURCH HISTORY :- School Lands-Early Schools-The Athens Academy-Church Organization-Some Early Pastors 545
CHAPTER XXIII .- EARLY PROFESSIONAL MEN :- Early Physicians-Early Lawyers-Rural Amity Lodge, No. 70-Early Newspapers. 562
CHAPTER XXIV .- A SUMMARY :- Along the Old Stage Road-The Neighbors 575
Bibliography 587 Note of Thanks. 590
APPENDIX
A. Remonstrance of Henry Welles 591
B. Constant Mathewson's Letter 622
C. Henry Welles' Speech 627
D. List of Taxables in Tioga Township, 1796. 632
E. List of Taxables, Tioga Point and Athens, 1808. 635
F. List of Revolutionary Soldiers Who Lived in this Vicinity 636 Index 639
ILLUSTRATIONS
Cover design, after pottery from the garden of the author, drawn by Gilbert S. McClintock.
Tioga Point Valley, northward from Prospect. .Frontispiece
We are indebted to the skill of Mr. Irving K. Park for this fine re- production of the landscape painted by Joseph O. Montalant in 1856, now in the writer's possession. Montalant was a French- Virginian. He eventually drifted to Europe and attained some note as a landscape painter.
Tioga Point Valley, northward from the Turn-o'-the-Rocks, from an old print of 1841, artist unknown. Title Page PAGE
Tioga Point to-day, photographed by Irving K. Park. Facing 3
Tioga Point Valley from Round Top, photographed by I. K. Park Facing 6
Fossils from Chemung Rocks.
10
Tioga Point fossils
11
The Chemung near Wilawana, photographed by E. C. Tracy
19
"Figurative Map" of Block and Hendricksen, original found at The Hague by T. R. Brodhead in 1851, copied by Jessie W. Murray from Winsor's Narrative and Critical History, by courtesy Houghton and Mifflin.
31
Section of Champlain's Map of 1632, copied by J. W. Murray.
37
Section of Lewis Evans' Map of Middle British Colonies, 1743, sketched by Rev. David Craft. 38
Section of map from Reading Howell's Atlas, 1795, copied by J. W. Murray. 40
Along the Susquehanna, photographed by Irving K. Park 42
Spanish Hill from southeast.
51
Spanish Hill from northeast, photographed by Isaac P. Shepard.
56
Diagrams of Spanish Hill, showing contour and line of fortifications, drawn by I. P. Shepard. 58
Relics found at or near Tioga Point ; crucifix, medal, insignia, sword. 67
Brass crucifixes, found at Owego by Henry E. Kingman
68
Section of map showing location of "Esther Town," made by surveyor with Sullivan Expedition 107
Page homestead, opposite Queen Esther's Town. 110
Site of Queen Esther's Town. 110
Col. Thomas Hartley, from a miniature in possession of the family, copied by the courtesy of Rev. Horace E. Hayden. 129
General John Sullivan, from an old portrait, copied for Tioga Point His- torical Society, by the courtesy of Charles F. Murray. 145
Sketch maps of Fort Sullivan and Tioga Point, from pen and ink drawing in Col. Adam Hubley's diary, by courtesy Historical Society of Pennsyl- vania 151
Sketch of camp on Tioga Point, 1779, made by Nukerck, with Sul- livan's army 152
Boulder marking Fort Sullivan, erected by Tioga Chapter, D. A. R., in 1902. 165 Timothy Pickering, from a portrait by Gilbert Stuart, reproduced by courtesy of Oscar J. Harvey. 175
Red Jacket, from a portrait painted for Thomas Maxwell at the instance of chief, reproduced for this book by courtesy of Hosmer H. Billings ... 179
ILLUSTRATIONS
ix PAGE
Map, showing Indian villages, camps and burial sites, sketched by Percy L. Lang, copied for this book by Charles D. Park. 197 Indian Pottery from M. P. Murray's garden, in Tioga Point Museum. . . 199 Turtle shell rattles from Murray garden, reproduced by courtesy of Wyo- ming Historical and Geological Society. Facing 200
Bronze bracelet and bone comb from Murray garden, in Museum of Wyo- ming Historical and Geological Society, reproduced for this volume by courtesy of Society 201
Open grave of Indian chief in Murray garden, photographed by Mrs. Dana J. MacAfee
203
Pottery from Queen Esther's Flats, found by Arthur Williams, Plate III . . 205
Pottery from grounds of C. S. Maurice, Plate IV
Pottery from site of Museum-Library, Plate V.
205 205
Pipes, tubes, totems and gorget in Tioga Point Museum. Facing 206 Miscellaneous Indian implements in Tioga Point Museum. 207
Map showing Connecticut Claim, reproduced by courtesy of Tioga County Historical Society
222
Autographs of Trenton Commissioners, from original of secret letter, in possession of Herrick heirs. 228
Fac-simile of Half Share Certificate, from Tioga Point Museum. 231
Patterson's location, made by first white settler in Athens Township 238
240
Portrait of Abraham Snell, the first white child born in Athens Township .. Portrait of Matthias Hollenback, reproduced for this history from a water color sketch by Jacob Cist, courtesy of Andrew H. Mcclintock .. Portrait of John Shepard.
242
245
Map of Athens Township, showing original subdivision of Pennsylvania warrants, drawn by Zephon F. Walker to illustrate his manuscript history
254
Fac-simile of Lockhart's warrant, reproduced for this history. Facing 258
Fac-simile of first survey of Tioga Point, made for Lockhart by William
Maclay, D. S., reproduced for this volume from original in the Land Office at Harrisburg
259
Letter and sketch map of Lockhart, from original in possession of writer Inscription on above.
262 263 265
View on "Tioga Creek," corresponding with description in first Connecticut survey
276
Portrait of Zephon Flower, earliest resident surveyor.
278
Map of Athens, according to first Connecticut survey by Col. Jenkins, first published fac-simile copy, drawn for this volume by N. F. Walker .. Facing Historical Map of Athens Township, made by Z. F. Walker; carefully cor- rected and redrawn for this volume by N. F. Walker. Facing Autograph of John Mckinstry, one of the York Lessees under Connecticut Claim
.302
Autographs of first permanent Connecticut settlers. 306
Autograph of Betsy Matthewson 309
Portrait of Chester Stephens, by courtesy of Lodge No. 70.
309
Portrait of Mrs. Elisha Satterlee, painted by Kittell, by courtesy of Mrs. Helen Good 310
Portrait of Mrs. Elisha Matthewson, by courtesy of Mrs. Annie Washburn Lee 311
278
303
Col. John Franklin, from only known portrait ..
Autograph of Gen. Ethan Allen, from a paper of Samuel Bartlett's, presented to Tioga Point Museum by Louis T. Hoyt. 274
X
ILLUSTRATIONS
PAGE
Portrait of Daniel McDuffee.
314
Portrait of John Spalding, 2nd. 320
Autograph of Ebenezer Backus. 321
Fac-simile of pardon of Colonel Franklin.
323
Portrait of Noah Murray, Sr., Justice of 1st District of Luzerne, 1789, copied by his great great granddaughter, Jessie W. Murray, from a water color sketch by unknown artist
324
Autograph of David Alexander
329
David Paine, from an oil portrait in possession of family of Charles Paine.
Autograph of Clement Paine.
332 339 340
Portrait of Julius Tozer, Sr.
Silhouettes of David and Clement Paine 341
Paine homestead, erected 1797.
342
Silhouette of Elizabeth, daughter of Noah Murray, Sr., by courtesy of her grandson, George McConnel 345
Silk coat of Ferdinand McDuffee, in Tioga Point Museum; material spun and woven by Daniel McDuffee, a noted weaver and pioneer settler .... Ashbel Welles, from a portrait in possession of his descendants, the Cook family, of Clarksville, Tenn. Facing Autographs of George and Ashbel Welles Richard Caton in youth.
353 353 354
Richard Caton in old age, both reproduced for this history by the courtesy of Mrs. Charles Carroll McTavish, wife of a grandson of Caton ..
Charles Carroll of Carrollton, by courtesy of Maryland Historical Society.
Autograph of James Irwin.
Portrait of James Pumpelly, by courtesy of L. W. Kingman
Portrait of Henry Welles, reproduced from a portrait by S. A. Mount, 1830. House built by George Welles in 1809.
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