USA > Pennsylvania > Dauphin County > History of the counties of Dauphin and Lebanon : in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; biographical and genealogical > Part 1
USA > Pennsylvania > Lebanon County > History of the counties of Dauphin and Lebanon : in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; biographical and genealogical > Part 1
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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109 | Part 110 | Part 111 | Part 112 | Part 113 | Part 114 | Part 115 | Part 116 | Part 117 | Part 118
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REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01126 3628
៛
HISTORY
OF THE
COUNTIES OF
DAUPHIN AND LEBANON Counties
IN THE
V.1
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA:
BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL
BY
WILLIAM HENRY EGLE, M.D., M.A .. AUTHOR OF "HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA."
PHILADELPHIA: EVERTS & PECK. 1883.
1
F85423,25
1676633
.
;
第41
-
一
C
-1 .. #
f
-
HISTORY
OF THE
COUNTY OF DAUPHIN
IN THE
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA :
BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL.
BY WILLIAM HENRY EGLE, M.D., M.A., AUTHOR OF " HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA."
HALUAC HO ZTAT
T.COLORATIONIN
·
TO .
Che Memory
BEVERLY WAUGH EGLE. ao
THIS RECORD OF THE
HOME OF HIS ANCESTORS 15
AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED.
CONTENTS OF HISTORY OF DAUPHIN COUNTY.
CHAPTER I.
The Aborigines-Susquehannas-Shawanese-Customs ainl Char- acter-Stone Implements-William Penn's Account of the In- dians-Geographical Names.
ΡΔΟE
3
CHAPTER II.
The Proprietary's Concessions-Who were the Scotch - Irish ?- Their Letter to Governor Shute, of Massachusetts-Penn's Proposed Settlement'on the Susquehanna
CHAPTER III.
John Harris, the First White Settler-The AssessDleDt-List of 1718 -Prices of Land, and Early Warrantees for Paxtang, Derry. Hanover, Londonderry, and U'pper Paxtang Townships. 19
CHAPTER IV.
The French and Indian War-Petition of the Inhabitants for Pro- taction-Braddock's Expedition-The Atrocities of the Savages -Correspondence of John Harris and others relating to the Frontiers
CHAPTER V.
The French and Indian War (continued -Treaty at Harris' Ferry -Fort Halifax-Fort McKee-Fort Manady-Fort at Harris' Ferry-Fort Lunter 45
CHAPTER VI.
The Treach and Indian War (continued)-Second Treaty at Har- ris' Ferry-The Indian Barbarities -- Letters from Adamı Reed- Journal of Rev. Charles beatty in 1756-Officery and Men from Dauphin in the Provincial Service. 51
CHAPTER VII.
Tha French and Indian War (continned)-Gen. Forbes' Victory -- Conspiracy of Pontiac. 67
CHAPTER VIII.
The French and Indian War (continued)-The so-called " Paxtang Boys' Iesurrection"-The Manor of Conestoga-The Conduct of the I'rovincial Assembly-The Perfidy of the Friendly Indians- Insecurity of the Frontiers from their Maraudings-Destruction of the Indians at Conestoga and Lancaster. 59
CHAPTER IX.
The "Paxtang Boys' Insurrection" (continued)-Excitement in tha Province-Characteristic Letter of Parson Elder-The Declaration of the Frontier Inhabitants 63
CHAPTER X.
Tha "Paxtaeg Boys' Insurrection" (contioned)-The Approach of tha Delegates to Philadelphia-The Fears of the Quaker Me- tropolis-Tha Conduct of the Quakers and Dr. Franklin-The Pamphlateers.
66
CHAPTER XI.
The " Paxtang Boys' Insurrection" (continued)-Rewanil for Capt. Lazarus Stewart-HI:s Eloquent Declaration-A Summary of the Atfair 69
CHAPTER XII.
The " Paxtang Poya' Ti.surrection" (continued)-Appendix-Names of Indiana Killed-Had Character of the Indians-The Paxtang Beys " The Apclogy of the Paxtang Volunteers"-Affidavits of the Pioneers-Phinphile's Printed
CHAPTER XIII. PAGE
The War for Independence-Rraulves of Hancver-Rescives of Middletown-The Liberty Association of Londonderry-The Pennsylvania Articles of Association-Capt. Matthew Staith's Company of Paxtang.
CHAPTER XIV.
The War for Independence (continued)-Capt. Jolin Brisban's Company-Capt. John Murray's Company-Capt. John Mar- shall's Company-Col. James Burd's Battalion, with Rolls of Capta. Cowden's, Sherer's, Murray's, Beil's, Macning's, Fridley's, Reed'a, and Deibler's Companies ..
CHAPTER XV.
The War for Independence (continue)-Col. Timothy Green's Battalion-Rolls of Capts Kuppenheffer'a, MeQnown'e, Brown's, Rogers', McCallen's, and Rutherford s Courinies .... 91
CHAPTER XVI.
The War for Independence ferntinucci-Names of Persons who took the Oath of Allegiance in Paxtang, Londonderry, and BA: - over Townships-Assessments of Non-Associatora, 1717.
CHAPTER XVII.
The War for Independence continned,-Roll of Capt. John Mar- shall's Company-Indian Incursions-Abrlition of Slavery- Register of Slaves-Rolls of Capts McAllister's, Walker's, and Weaver's Companies- The Close of the War-Continental, ........
CHAPTER XVIII.
The Formation of t! 9 County of Druphin -- ReinoLotrabies Against -Act for Erection of-The County in 1753 -Opposition to the Federal Constitution. 104
CHAPTER XIX.
Military Organization in 1756-1790-Union Canal-The W Insurrection ; DeWees' Journal ef-Scott's Description of phin County in 1805.
CHAPTER XX.
The War of 1812-Ganeral Officers-Rolls of tha Compat.ies of Cap- taina Carothars, Craio, Dietrick, Elder, Fetterhoff, Graham, Henry, Knight, McElhanny, Moorhead, Smith, Tudd-Peace- Association of the Soldiers of the War of 1812. 113
CHAPTER XXI.
The Buckshot War-The Causes which Led to It-The Proclama- tion of the Governor-The Call to Arma-Proceedings in the Legislature. 130
CHAPTER XXII.
The War with Mexico-Organization of the Cameron Gnards Their Services in Mexico -- Who raised the first American Flig in the Citadel of the City of Mexico-Koll of the Cameron Guarda 134
CHAPTER XXIII.
The War for the L'nion-War Meeting at Harrisburg -- Arbitrary Arreste-First Northern Invasion hy the Army of lee-Thy Get- tysburg Campaign -- The Close of the Rebellion -- Tue Assassina- tion of President Lincoln
vii
-
13
-
39
i
CONT
'S OF HI:
RY OF DAUPI
COUNTY.
CHAPTER XXIV.
The War for the Union (continued)-Officets from Danphin County in other I untyIvanin Reginehits-Dauphin County in the Three M.niths' Service-The First, Second, Tenth, Fifteenth, and Twenty-ntth Regiments 148
CHAPTER XXV.
The War for the' 'niun (continued)-The Reserves and other Three- Year Organ zations: The Thirty-ilith, Forty -first. Forty- fourth, Forty-sixth, Fifty fourth, and Fifty-filth Regiments .. ..... 154
CHAPTER XXVI.
The War for the Union. (continued)-One Year's Service: S. V- enty-seventh, Eighty-third, uul one Hundred and First Regi- muent-Three Years' Service: Eightieth, Eighty-fonith, Eighty. seventh, Ninety-second, and Ninety-sixth Regiments.
CHAPTER XXVII.
The War for the Union (contiuned)-One Hundred and First Regi- ment-Nine Months' Servire: History of the Que Hundred and Twenty-seventh, or Dauphin County Regiment
CHAPTER XXVIII.
The War for the Union (continued)-One Hundred and Sixty-third, One Hundred and Seventy-zeventh, One Hundred and Saveuth, One Hundred and Tlartrenth, One Hundred and Thirtieth, and One Hundred aud Thirty-sixth Regiments ... 213
CHAPTER XXIX.
The War for the Uuion 'continued)-Two Hun.Ireith, Two Hun- Gred and First, "wo Hundred and Fifth, Two Hundred and Fighth, and One Hundred and Ninety-fourth Regiments .......... 027
CHAPTER XXX.
The War for the Union (continued :- The Militia of 1862-First N. giment-Sixth Regiment-Independent Companies-Twenty- Sixth, Thirty sixth, and Thirty-seventh R-giments .... 245
CHAPTER XXXI.
The Early Courts-Where First Held-The Bar in 1759-The ( murt-Houses-The President Judges of the County-Reminis- cences of the Bar, and Roll of Members. 259
PAXTANG TOWNSHIP 280
CITY OF HARRISBURG.
CHAPTER 1.
Frants-Manor of Paxting-The Ferry Grant- The "' ri, Mansion-Proposal- to lay out a Town-Convey ances ': by John Harris-Early Reminiscences of the Town gh-" Pourphin Flood"-Taxables for 1757. 29I
CHAPTER IT.
Harri-lurg .n. 1787-In I'Sa-the Federal Seat of Government- Harrisburg erected into a Borough-First Assessment of the Borough-Whiskey Insurrection-Address of the Burgesees to l'resulent Washington, and his Reply 298
CHAPTER III.
Sickness at Harrisburg-Landis' Mill-Dain the Source of Trouble -Meeting of the Citizens-Efforts to Purchase-Removal of the Nuisance-Mill-Dam Taxes. 302
CHAPTER IV.
The Duke de Rochefoucauld at Harrisburg-Aggression- of the F each Directory-Address of the Citizens of Harrisburg to 1. - Tent Adanis, and his Reply-Cuming's Account of Hairis- 1urg in 1-5-Erection of the Harrisburg Bridge. 307
CHAPTER V. " the best of Guvernment to Harrisburg-Act estab- . ... Die-laying . f the Corner-si one of the Capitol- vlan of the Capitol-Cost of Construction ... 312
CHAPTER VI.
w ;AN -Vont . for Lafayette-Reception at the Ich: dor f Binggb Limits io 1838-The Harrison sagt.graf-"American Sites". 316
LAPTER VII.
Improving the Navig the Sa.quehanna-Steamboats
on-Internal Improvement-Pack-horse Trama and Cone Wagons-The Pennsylvanin Catal-Harrisburg and Lancaster Railroad-The Cumberland Valley-The Pennsylvania Railroad 319
CHAPTER VIII.
Prosperity of Harrisburg-Additions-Incorporated as a City- Visit of the Prince of Wales-The War for the Union-The Rail- roud Riots of 1977. 322
CHAPTER IX.
Water Supply : Early Efforts to Supply the Town with Water-The Water-Works of 1840-Shinplasters-The New Water- Works ..... 326
CHAPTER X.
Churches-Reformed-Lutheran-Presbyterian-Methodist Epis- cofai-Protestant Episcopal-Roman Catholic-Baptist-Eval- gelical-Church of God-Wesley L'nion. 329
CHAPTER XI.
The Newspaper Press of Harrisburg, and of the County ............... 343
CHAPTER XII.
The Industries of Harrisburg-The Lovation of the City and its Great Natural and Acquired Advantages. 535
CHAPTER XIII.
The Fire Department-How they formerly extinguished Fires in Harrisburg -The First Fre Company-Friendship-Hope-Cit- izen -- Washington - Mount Vernon - Paxton -- Good Will - Mount Plenaacht .. #39
CHAPTER KIN.
Early Educational Ederiz-Thr Hariishuty Academy -- The Lan- casterian System-The Public Schools ... 365
CHAPTER XV.
Bauks and Banking Institutions-Public Buildings of the State- Charital In In-IRAtions-Post-Ofher and Postmasters-Census
Returns, etc ...
MIDDLETOWN BOROUGH.
:74
LOWER SWATANA TOWNSHIP.
3.1:
SWATAKA TOWNSHIP 043
STEELTON BOROUGH.
LOWER PAXTANG TOWNSHIP
406
SUSQUEHANNA
DERRY
HUMMELSTOWN BOROUGH.
LONDUNDFERT TOWNSHIP.
419
CONEWAGO
1_1
HANOVER
SOUTH HANOVER
$23
WEST
129
EAST 16
4:20
HALIFAX 432
BOROUGH
433
RUSH TOWNSHIP.
435
JACKSON
436
JEFFERSON "
436
WAYNE ..
$10
L'PPER PANTANO TOWNSHIP.
MILLERSBURG DIROL GIT ....
445
MIDELF D'ANTAN , TOWNSHIP.
LEKENS VALLEY
LIKFAS TOWN-HIP
STIFF. IN
WINISCO
Wash. SoloNa
BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY, I
..
HI ..
533
vilik
PAGE
PAGE
437
ILLUSTRATIONS TO HISTORY OF DAUPHIN COUNTY.
PAGE
Atricks, Hamilton 559
American Tube aunt Lion Company. .between 085, ary
165
Lutheran Church, Second ..
3.25
Bailey, Chorley L .facing
Bethel Church, First
343
Maclay, William, Residence of, 1791
366
Bent, L. S facing
561
Matheson, George ... acing
5-1)
Brubaker, George MI
Bucher, John C. facing 4,0
Burd, Col. James, Residence uf, 1761.
333
472
Calder, James 566
Calder, William =
473
Calder, William, Residence of the late
=
320
Cameron. Simon.
564
Old Court-House 251
334
Camp Curtin Hospital,
395
Curl, J. R.
566
Orth. E. L
Pearson, John .I
Pennsylvania Steel-Works, Generd View Ering
Dauphin and Lebanon Counties, Outline Map of ..
1
413*
Bessemer Mill and Open Hearth Furnace
Frog Department and Hail-Mill. 412
Derry Church, Interior View
416
De Witt, William R.
479 .
Interior Bessetuer Mill. 401
Superintendent's R sidence between 472, 4: 5
Dock, George .. facing 440
Dougherty, Philip
431
Dull, A. J., Residence of
312
Pine Street Church { Presbyterian
Porter, D R. 527
33-
Elder, Jaines facing
556
Etter, B. F
571
Fager, J. II.
48.
Findlay, V, liau
4^2
Fleming. D
facing 574
Flesung, James
491
Forster, Jclin
492
Shinplaster Harrisburg Bank
35-
Fortenbangh, Abrahamn
553
Sinuplaster Middletown Bank
357
Shoch, Sammel
facing
797
Geary, John W
494
Haldeman, J. 31
facing
498
Shuuk, F. R. 0.37
518
Hamilton, Hugh.
500
Hanover i burch 430
Harris Musion, 1X50
293
Harrisburg Car Manufacturing Company. facing
350
- Harrisburg, Original Plat.
296
Harris, Robert
502
Hensel, J. MI.
516
Susquehanna River in 1701.
18
Hildrup, Willi Ju T facing
408
Huffman. William 578
Hursh, George R.
579
Indian Relics faring 6
Indian Purchases, Map of. 12
Jordan, Francis. 580 Winebrenner, John facing 351
Kelker, Frederick 511 Wolf, George
Wyeth, Fraucis .. racing Kelker, R. F 582
554
Kepner, William H 313
Wyeth, John
606
Keystone Farm. .Icing .509
Young, James
ix
Lancaster County, 17330, Mapu.f. 32 4
Locust Grove Farm ... faris
Lutheran Church, First ...
.
Wjestling, J. MI. facing
549
Wilhelm, Artemas, Residence of. between 398, 399
601
Hildrup, W. T., Residence of .. 16
Thompson, A. F'
facing
5-46
. Weir, James W.
Wenrich, Francis
.: 599
Sintunion, J. W
542
snodgrass, James
Snyder, J. D.
State Capitol, the. Frontispure.
Snyquehauna Indiatis
Susquehanna Iron-Works .facing
390
Thome, C. V.
1111
Prildie S .bool, Steelton
595
Ruthetfor.i, Abner ..
Rutherford, J. B
596
St. Patrick's Church
Schofield, E. Lan-
50g
Shinplasters, 198
facing
Pine Street Presbyterian Church 339
Dunkel, J. 1 563
Durbin, Joseph W.
368
Presbyterian Church, Market Square.
facing
Burke, Michael faring 64
Myers, H. K
59)
Oak Inne Farm
between 602, 000
Old Paxtang Church
501
Chesapeake Nail-Work4 and Central Iron-Works. .between 358, 359
Methodist Episcopal Church, Grace. Miller. J. F
312
5.39
Miller, Williun H
Nengley, John
Derty Church, Old
562 . Matter, G. F
Lutheran Church, Tlurd
Ayres, William.
Harris Log House, 1720.
Simonton, A G .. Ewing
e War othe
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MAP OF
DAUPHIN &
PENNSYLVANIA .
1
1 ..-
EBANON
NORTH
Finnair
0
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2
H
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SOUTH
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LEBANON COUNTIES
UN
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5
GENERAL HISTORY.
At the treaty of 1683 the Shawanese were a party to that covenant, and they must have been considered a very prominent band from the fact of the r having preserved the treaty in their own possession or keep- ing, as we are informed that at a conference hell . many years after, that nation produced this treaty on parchment to the Governor of the Province. It was the custom with the Indian tribes who made a joint treaty with the whites to commit the preservation of the papers containing the treaty ete .. to sach of the bands as were considered most to be trusted. From the best authority, it appears that as early as 1673 upwards of seventy families of that nation removed from the Carolinas and occupied some of the deserted posts of the susquehannas. Others of the tribe soon followed.
1
In the year 1695, some Shawanese applied to the proprietary government of Pennsylvania for permi -- sion to settle on the Conestoga and Peghea Creeks, under Opessah, their principal chief. Ilere they re- mained a quarter of a century, when, with other fan- ilies settled on the swatara. Paxtang, and the sasque- hanna streams on the cast. they branched off to the westward. As early as 1728 we find the shawane-e as far west as the Ohio, and by the middle of the eighteenth century, the entire tribe had -ettir. I on the branches of that river. In the year 1732 the atiaber of fighting braves of that nation in Pennsylvania amount to seven hundred. The Shawance. ass Colden, were the most restless of all the In lian tribes. In 1745, he says, one tribe of them had gone to New Spain. This band of four hundred and fifty, who located themselves on the head-waters of the Mo- bile River, probably never returned to Pennsylvania.
The latter were merely resideats on the Susq're- hanna by sufferanee, not only of the white-, but the Five Nations of New York, and yet they became the most perfidious, and to them -- their -avage brutality, their fiendish atrocity-are we indebted for most all the bloody transaction- of a later period.
In complexion, our uncivilized predecessors were of tawny color, inelining to red, which, differing from: the complexion of every other portion of the human family, seems peculiar to most, if not all, the aborig- ine». Their cheek-bones were high and prominent : their eyes widely separated ; their no es usually broad, even when curved in outline: and the ordinary cast of their features was coarse and often inexpressive. The men were generally tall, straight, well-propor- tioned, and hardly ever corpulent or in any manner deformed. Tlv. women were too apt to be -bort and clumsy ; their features were -eldom delicate or hand- some ; and what feminine gries . they had were soon obliterated by hard bodily labor combined with mental atl moral degradation. The beautiful Indian maiden was only a myth or the dream of the poet. The muse o 'lite of the men, and perchange their natural eousti- tuition, gave them a power of enduring fatigue and privation such as no European. could rival. When
nece -- ary they would hunt for days together while suffering from linger, or perform long journeys through the forests with no other refreshment than a little parched corn and water,
Tor subsistence, the Indian depended much less npon agriculture than opon either fishing or Panting. They confined themselves chiefly to the rasing of bean-, corn, and tobacco, The corn and beans were cultivated by women and children, the tobacco alone was thought worthy of the labor and attention of the men. The women of an ordinary family would com monly raise in a single season two or three her
corn, each containing twelve, fifteen, or twenty on-hels. The corn was spread day after day in the sun, care- fully shielded from the rain or dew. and whee in this way onthiciently prepared was buried in the carth, and thus preserve I for the winter's subsistindo.
Hunting and fishing were perchance the chief dle- pendence for food. The forests were filled with animals, some of them beasts of prey, other shithole for food, others valuable on account of their furs. Flocks of wild turkey- roamed through the words, partridges and pheasants abounded, both in the woods and open country, and at certain time of the year the pigeon- collected in such numbers that the is High seemed to obscure the light of the sun. The por creek, and rivers -warned with water-fral. The " Susquehanna was alive with fish, and every , 1-1
great number- of shad, rock-ish. salmon, ihr ercb ascended the stream, furnishing a seasonalle apply to the natives when their provision- were ex ported by a long and severe winter.
The clothing of the native war what we of of skin cured so as to be soft and pliable, and a meth de - or- nameated with paint and beads n artyeteri frau shells. It may be stated in this con. on that very little is known of the process ved by the Indian to prepare bear- and deer-skin- f. now and cotan' Loskiel says, " Their shoes are of Beer-kin, wie l:rels, some being very neatly made by the Their skins are tanned with the brain- of dee make them very soft; - ver . Have the fur 1; skin, and such fur shoes are remarkably lig easy." The intfalo robes sold by our fur tanned by the Indians are softer than those tanned by civilized people. Occasionally the decked themselves in mantles made of feathe lapping each other, as on the back of the fo presenting an appearance of fantastic gayet. no doubt prodigiously delighted the wearers. dress consisted umnally of two articles, a leather shirt. or under-garment, ornamentel with fringe. .. la skirt of the same material fastened around the wart with a imle and reaching merly to the first. Their I dir they dressed in a thick, heavy pleit, which ; and te apop the neck; and they sometimes we could their heads with bands of wampum or with. she. r.p.
The mien went barehended, with the'r tau istifas tically trimmed each otrophin, to his own fanes. Das
2
HISTORY OF DAUPHIN INTY.
Fior would have red on one side of the head long on the oth. his scalp completely nother might be seen with . except a strip two or three inche- in width rund .... from the forcheil over to the nape of the neck. This was kept short, and so thoroughly stiffened with paint and bear's grease as to stand up straight, after the fashion of a cock's comb or the rest of a warrior's helmet. The legs were covered with leggins of dressed deer-kin, and the lower part of the body was protected by the nech-cloth, usually called by the carly settler- In-
brocches. Moccasins, that is, light shoes of soft- dressed leather, were common to both sexe-, and, like other portions of the attire, were many times taste- fully ornamented with embroidery of wampum. The men often dispensed with their leggins, especially in summer; while in winter they protected themselves against the bleak air by adding to their garments a mantle of skins. The male children ran about until they were ten or twelve years old in a state of nature : the girl- were provided with an apron, although of very economical dimensions.
As to their houses and furniture, their food and its reparation, amusements, courtship and marriage, we all not refer. There are certain peculiaritie- char- ristic of the Indian which are interesting to dwell .
but these must be left to another occasion. A few marks, however, upon their moral life may ex- plain 'ir future conduct towards the white -ettlers. The In ian of to-day, however, is a fair type of those savages , who lived in our locality two centuries ago. We dislike to picture vice in all its horrid details, and so much that is inherent in the savage nature of the aborigine we. hall refrain from referring.
they ha
Their i With tl
Jesuit, . obtuse 1 held the a: 1 the
, were lost in the multitu vices.
of religion were crude ant ·finite.
ent of the pious Moravian withfn]
onceptions of a divinity ore o their but it is doubtful if they ever had or ines imparted to them of a Great Spirit, ence of the -oul after death. Their sor- emely selfish natures could not raise so high. for had such been the case
there w .. redeeming qualities in the moral
life of the line.
We shall close v. f the aborigine- with
i war and domestic im-
m as may be of value and in- to the ethnologist a greater that of the Susquebanna, and ith given and described were resent limits of the county of ance of these relies of the Stone le shores of the river-, it- islands, inward, show nomii-takable evi- of country being in possession "erful nation.
for many centu. The number of su. ants were far larger ›se. Prior to the
than many persons woul
coming of the white man, with saption of pot- tery and pipes, both made of cla .. 'on bowls
made of the knots of trees, all article. rtic
use, ornament, and for war. were formed . 1
Some are quite ingenious, and with all the impro. machinery of the present day, we doubt if as fine specimens of arrowheads could be produced as those in our possession made by Indian arrowhead-makers of the centuries ago.
Although marriage was not always recognized Hammer stones were possibly the first stone imple- ments. among their rites, unfaithfulness was looked upon as Tras, and even wrath was frequently inflicted for Arrowheads are the most abundant of all stone im- plements to be found in this section. Few fields there are who-e upturned sod does not reveal arrow- head> either entire or fragmentary, and especially along the bottoms of the creeks are these specimens of the Indian arrow-maker to be found. They vary in size from one-half an inch to four inches in length. composed of quartz, Hint, limestone, chalcedony, and other hard yet fragile minerals. Few are perfectly formed, being varied to suit ideas of the makers as to their form and shape. With the exception of two or three points on the first range of the Kittatinny Mountains, and among the bowlder, along the Cone- wago, we have not been able to discover the work- . shop of the arrow-maker. Limestone is abundant in the county. and jutted out everywhere, while the pebbles of the susquehanna furnished red and yellow their beauty as for their utility. The art of arrow- had been reduced to a perfect system, and ved in accordance with the taste and fancy of t Fer. As Professor Brunner aptly ways, " It for them to chip a large arrowhead down offense by the rate hu-band. Licentiousness vmmon, and the man who looked upon the way- « of his wife, visiting her with blows and may have been the most debanched creature ribe. No female ever ventured alone, for : was the besetting sin of the race. Un- s was in all their manners. Impatient of bor, and indisposed to thought, they natu- ned for pleasure to tho-e coarse gratifications 'nses which were within reach. They were when not strongly invited to exertion ; they ttonous when supplied with an abundance of I they became intemperate as soon as the means of intemperance were placed within their reach. They were revengeful by nature ; cu-tom had made vengeance with them a matter of duty and honor. They had little idea of truth ; they were natu- . jasper, which seem to have been selected as much for rai-born liars, and as a result were the meanest of robbers. As for murder and arson they had no com- punctions of conscience; there were no refined feel- ings in their nature. Selfish in the extreme, they never realized what was ennobling. Their virtues, if
-uch reference to the plements employed t tere-t. No field pr variety of material the illustrations } all found within Dauphin. The a
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