USA > Pennsylvania > Dauphin County > History of the counties of Dauphin and Lebanon : in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; biographical and genealogical > Part 118
USA > Pennsylvania > Lebanon County > History of the counties of Dauphin and Lebanon : in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; biographical and genealogical > Part 118
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109 | Part 110 | Part 111 | Part 112 | Part 113 | Part 114 | Part 115 | Part 116 | Part 117 | Part 118
JOHN DOWNEY.
John Downey, the son of John and Sarah Downey. was born at Germantown, Pa., in the year 1770. He received a cla -- ical education in the old academy there, and in 1795 located at Harrisburg, where he opened a Latin an l grammar school. At this period, in a letter to Governor Thomas Mittlin, he proposed a "Plan of Education," remarkably foreshadowing the present common-school system, and which has placed him in the front rank of early American educators. He was for many years a justice of the peace, and served as town clerk for a long time. He was the first cashier of the Harrisburg Bank, largely instrumental in securing the erection of the bridge over the Su-quehanna, and one of the corpo- rators of the Harrisburg and Middletown Turnpike Company; was a member of the Legislature in 1817 -18, and filled other positions of honor and profit. He died at Harrisburg on the 21st of July, 1827, and the Oracle speaks of him as " a useful magistrate and a pious man." He wrote much for the press, and a series of articles published in the Dauphin Guardian, entitled "Simon Easy Papers," were from his pen,- sparkling with wit; they are worth a permanent set- ting, as a valuable contribution to literature.
Mr. Downey married, June 5, 1708, Alice Ann Beatty, daughter of James Beatty, E.g., one of the first settlers at Harrisburg. She died in Ashland County, Ohio, May 14, 1841. Their adopted daughter, Eleanor Downey, married Hon. Dauiel Kilgore, of Ohio.
JACOB R. EBY.
Jacob Rupley Eby, the son of Ephraim C. Eby (1783-1838) and Susannah Rupley (1784-1844), was born Nov. 18, 1816, at Columbia, Lancaster Co., Pa. His father, born near Laneaster, was a miller by oc- cupation, and belonged to the Mennonites .- " never went to law and never voted." He had seven ehil- dren. Ephraim C. Eby died at Middletown, owning at the time the mill at High-pire. Jacob R. was brought up to the business of his father until the age of fifteen, in the mean time enjoying the advan- tages of the education afforded by the pay-schools of that day. He learned the trade of a carpenter. After serving his apprenticeship he took a trip south. work- ing at his trade; returning, however, at the end of ten months, when he entered mercantile lite. While thus engaged, Mesers. Cameron, Lauman & Clark, who were building the improvement at Wrightsville, known as the Tide-water Canal and Columbia Dam,
offered him a position which he accepted. This gave him an insight into the building of public works, when his industry, integrity, and capacity attracted of Middletown, who gave him an interest in his busi- ness simply on account of his superior qualifications and without requiring the investment of capital. He retained this valnable position for six years, when he disposed of his interest to advantage, and with his brother E. C. Eby purchased the stock and good-will of the grocery and forwarding business of John HI. Brant, on one of the best sites in this city. The business sub-equently was conducted by himself and sons. Mr. Eby was largely interested in many of the industrial establishments of the city, being a stock- holder and director of the Harrisburg Car- and Ma- chine- and Foundry-works. He was president for sev- eral years of the First National Bank and likewise of the State Agricultural Society. Ile was at the time of his death a prison-inspector, which position he had held for many years. He died Feb. 11, 1883, at Har- risburg, in his sixty-seventh year. Mr. Eby was mar- ried in 1843 to Elizabeth Gross, who still survives. They had three children, Maurice, William Howard, and Fannie.
MAJOR OLIVER EDWARDS.
Oliver Edwards, third son of Abraham Edwards and Martha Greenfield, was born Oct. 24. 1824. His parents were natives of Baltimore, where they mar- ried, removed to Pittsburgh, and subsequently to Harrisburg about 1319. Oliver's education in the schools was limited, but his mind being active and inquiring, he read much and studiel at night after the work of the day was over, thus becoming very well self-educated, and developed into a man of con- siderable attainments. When young he learned the trade of bootmaking with his father; later in lite he was selected as a school-teacher under the common- school system, and proved to be one of the most suc- cessful ever employed in the Harrisburg schools, as numbers of young men of the present day can testify. Mr. Edwards was much afflicted with asthma and unable to do military duty, but in order to render some service during the war he became the agent for the reception and distribution of the Dauphin County Relief Fund for the support of those whose husbands, fathers, and sons were in the army. It was a very onerou- duty, and he performed it faithfully and well, declining any remuneration whatever for hisservices. In 1860 he was elected one of the first allermen of the city of Harrisburg. Upon the election of Gen. A. S. Roumfort as mayor of the city he appointed Mr. Edwards as committing magistrate and chief clerk in the mayor's office. He was elected to sue- ceed Gen. Roumfort, and was inaugurated mayor of the city in March, 1866. He was subsequently elected an alderman of the Fourth Ward in 1872, which position he occupied up until the time of his death,
31
. 482
HISTORY OF DAUPHIN COUNTY.
which occurred in Harrisburg on the 13th day of October, 1874. Mr. Edwards was an active man, of quick perception, fine social qualities, and possessed of much useful information. The Rev. George F. Stelling. of the Fourth Street Lutheran Church, preached a very able funeral sermon shortly after his death in relation to Mr. Edward,' religious expe- rience. On the 7th of August. 1551. he married Rachel Ann Chandler, daughter of Jonathan Chandler and Mary Griffith. The marriage took place in Harris- burg, where his wife was born, on the 13th of August, 1830, and died therein on the 5th of July, 1865. Two daughters survive the parent-, -Mary Griffith and Rachel Louisa (married Daniel A. Mus-er).
JACOB ELDER.
Jacob Elder, eldest son of John Elder and Eliza- beth Awl, and grandson of Rev. John Elder, was born in Paxtang in 1780. He received a thorough English and classical education, learned the art of printing at Lancaster, and in 1802 commenced the publication of the Dauphin Guardian, one of the most influential newspapers published in the early days of Harrisburg, as it was the first Democratic English newspaper there. In 1515 he prepared and pub- lished "A History of the Late War," and was the author of a preliminary work on the history of the United States. Under his arduous literary labors Mr. Elder's health failed him, and he died at Harris- burg in October, 1816, at the early age of thirty-six years. He never married. His entire life was an active and busy one, and he exerted a great influence in the times he lived.
COL. JOSHUA ELDER.
Joshua Elder, second sou of Rev. John Elder and Mary Baker, was born in P'axtang tonwnship (now Dauphin County), Pa., on the 9th of March, 17445. He was a farmer by occupation. During the frontier trouble- of 1763-64 he was in active military service. When the Revolution broke out he was a leader on the patriot side, and appointed one of the sub-lieutenants of Lancaster County, as also a justice of the peace, serving until the clo-e of the war. He was a promi- nent advocate for the formation of the county of Dauphin, and under the Constitution of 1790 was commissioned by Governor Mifflin one of the asso- ciate judges of the courts, Aug. 17, 1791. The ap- pointment, however, of Sheriff Clunie to the bench on the resignation of David Harri-, who had removed to Baltimore, so ineen-ed him that he peremptorily resigned. He was appointed by Governor Mckean prothonotary Jan. 5. 1800, a position he filled by re- appointment until Feb. 6, 1809. In March, IsIo, he was elected burgess of the borough of Harrisburg. He died at his residence in Paxtang on the 5th of December, 1420. Judge Elder was twice married,- first, to Mary McAllister, who died Nov. 21. 1792; secondly, to Sarah Mc Allister, who died Dec. 6, 1507.
COL. ROBERT ELDER.
Robert Elder, eldest son of Rev. John Elder and Mary Baker, was born June 11, 1742, in Paxtang. He was educated at the academy in Chester County, and was destined by his father for the ministry. His inclinations, and the breaking out of the French and Indian war, when the boy enlisted with his father as a ranger on the frontiers, determined otherwise. With his Scotch-Irish neighbors he entered heartily into the contest for independence. and throughout the war of the Revolution was in the field or engaged in organizing the associators, of which he was colonel, succeeding Col. Burd in the command of the compa- nies raised in Paxtang. At the close of the conflict | he continued his occupation of farming, avoiding public office, preferring the quiet of domestic life. He died Sept. 29, 1818, in Paxtang, aged seventy-six years. Col. Elder married Mary J. Thompson, of Derry ; she was boru Oct. 19, 1750, and died Aug. 18, 1813.
JOHN ELDER, JR.
John Elder, Jr .. son of Rev. John Elder and Mary Simpson, was born Aug. 3, 1757. in Paxtang. He was educated under Joseph Hutchinson, a celebrated teacher in his day, and gave special attention to land surveying. He was a farmer. At the commencement of the Revolution. although a youth of eighteen, he was enrolled among the associators, and was an en- sign in Col. Burd's battalion. On the ISth of April, 1780, he was appointed deputy-surveyor, and for sev- eral years filled that position. He was elected sheriff of the county of Dauphin in 1794, serving from the 19th of November, that year. until Oct. 17, 1797. Like the majority of persons who have filled that respon- sible office in this locality, he came out of it the poorer. Capt. Elder died at his residence in Pax- tang, April 27, 1811, in his fifty-fourth year.
SAMUEL ELLER.
Samuel Elder, son of Rev. John Elder and Mary Simpson, was born Feb. 27, 1772, in Paxtang. Ile was educated at the schools of Joseph Hutchinson and Joseph Allen, and followed farming in his early years. He was a soldier of the Whiskey Insurrection, and held a position in the military establishment of 1798. Hle tilled the office of sheriff of Dauphin County from Oet. 23, 1800, to Oct. 21, 1803, which, as in the case of his brother John, financially crippled him. Mr. Elder died at Harrisburg on the 26th of September, 1×15, aged forty-three years. In paying brief tribute to his memory the newspaper, of the day speak in the warme-t teruis of his faithfulness as a public officer, his prominence as a citizen, and the upright charac- ter of his entire life, pas-ing away in the vigor of manhood. Mr. Elder married, March 7, 1793, Mar- garet E-py.
1
483
BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY.
REV. JOHN ELDER.
John Elder, second son of Robert and Eleanor Elder, was born Jan. 26, 1706, in the city of Edin- burgh, Scotland. He received a classical education, and graduated from the University at Edinburgh. He subsequently studied divinity, and in 1732 was licensed to preach the gospel. His father, who had removed from Scotland and -ettled near Lough Neagh, in County AAntrim, Ireland, subsequently emigrated to America and settled in the Province of Pennsyl- vania, in then Paxtang township, Lancaster Co. Four or five years later the son followed the footsteps of his parents and friends and came to America.
Coming as a regularly licensed minister, he was received by New Castle Presbytery, having brought credentials to that body, afterwards into Donegal Presbytery on the 5th of October, 1737. Paxtang congregation having separated from that of Derry in 1735, and Rev. Mr. Bertram adhering to the latter, left that of Paxtang vacant, and they were unanimous in giving Rev. John Elder a call. This he accepted on the 12th of April, 1738, and on the 22d of Novem- ber following he was ordained and installed, the Rev.
- Black presiding.
The early years of Mr. Elder's ministry was not one of ease, for in the second year the Whitefield ex- citement took a wide spread over the Presbyterian Church. He preached against this religious furor, or the "great revival," as it was termed, and for this he was accused to the Presbytery of propagating " false doctrine." That body cleared him, however, in December, 1740; "but the separation was made," says Webster, " soon after, and the conjunet Presbyters answered the supplication- sent to them the next sum- · mer, by sending Campbell and Rowland to those who forsook him. He signed the protest. His support being reduced, he took charge of the ' Old Side' por- tion of the Derry congregation." Following closely upon these ecclesiastical troubles came the French and Indian war. Associations were formed throughout the Province of Pennsylvania for the defense of the frontiers, and the congregations of Mr. Elder were prompt to embody them-elves. Their minister be- came their leader,-their captain,-and they were trained as rangers. He superintended the discipline of his men, and his mounted rangers became widely known as the " Paxtang Boys." During two summers at least, every man who attended Paxtang Church carried his riffe with him, and their minister took his.
Subsequently he was advanced to the dignity of colonel by the Provincial authorities, the date of his commission being July 11, 1763. He hal command of the block-houses and stockades on the frontiers extending from Easton to the Susquehanna. The Governor in tendering this appointment expressly stated that nothing more would be expected of him than the general oversight. " Hi- justification." says Webster, "lies in the crisis of affairs. . . . Bay at
York, Steele at Conecocheague, and Griffith at New Castle, with Burton and Thompson the church mis- sionaries at Carlisle, headed companies and were ac- tively engaged." During the latter part of the sum- mer of 1763, many murders were committed in Pax- tang, culminating in the destruction of the Indians on Conestoga Manor, and at Lancaster. Although the men composing the company of Paxtang men who exterminated the murderous savages referred to belonged to his obedient and faithful rangers, it has never been proved that the Rev. Mr. Elder had pre- vious knowledge of the plot formed, although the Quaker pamphleteers of the day charged him with aiding and abetting the destruction of the Indians.
When the deed was done and the Quaker authori- ties seemed determined to proceed to extreme lengths with the participants, and denounced the frontier-men as "riotous and murderous Irish Presbyterians," he took sides with the border inhabitants, and sought to condone the deed. His letters published in connec- tion with the history of that transaction, prove him to have been a man judicious, firm, and decided. During the controversy which en-ued he was the au- thor of one of the pamphlets, -" Letter from a Gen- tleman in one of the Back Counties to a Friend in Philadelphia."
Ile was relieved from his command by the Governor of the Province, who directed that Maj. Asher Clay- ton take charge of the military establishment. Peace, however. was restored, not only in civil affairs but in the church. The union of the Synods brought the Rev. John Elder into the same Presbytery with Messrs. John Roan, Robert Smith, and George Dar- field, they being at first in a minority, but rapidly settling the vacancies with New Side men. By the leave of Synod the Rev. Mr. Elder joined the Second Philadelphia Presbytery May 19, 1765. and on the formation of the General Assembly, became a member of Carlisle Presbytery.
" The fever heat of the 'New Lights' -oon abated ; one after another of these religions fanatie- returned ; their churches rotted down; they live only in mem- ory :" while by the death of the Rev. Mr. Roan, all dissensions were healed, and Paxtang and Derry were onee more reunited. Mr. Elder was often heard to say " that among the many blessings bestowed upon him by the Giver of all Good, the return of these people to his churches again during his lifetime was among the greatest. He humbled himself before Almighty God for his merciful guidance through these severe trials, and that now his sore afictions were healed by heavenly Love."
Foremost in opposition to the tyrannical rule of Great Britain, and in demanding their right-, were the descendants of those who had del their own country for liberty's sake, and such were the members of Parson Elder's congregations. Too old to take up the sword, the minister of Paxtang and Derry assisted in raising the quota of troops allotted to his county,
484
HISTORY OF DAUPHIN COUNTY.
and was on the Committee of Safety for his section. In 1775 be delivered a powerful sermon on behalf of independence and the duty of his congregation in the crisis.
At the time the British army overrun New Jersey, driving before them the fragments of our discouraged, naked, and half-starved troups, and without any pre- vions arrangement. the Rev. Mr. Elder went on Sun- day as n-ual to Paxtang Church. The hour arrived for church-service, when, instead of a sermon, he began a short and hasty prayer to the Throne of Grace ; then called upon the patriotisin of all effective men present, and exhorted them to aid in the support of liberty's cau-e and the deten-e of the country. In less than thirty minutes a company of volunteers was formed. Col. Robert Elder, the par-on's eldest son, was chosen captain. They marched next day, though in winter ; his son Jobin, at sixteen years, was among the first. Fli- son Joshua, sub-lieutenant of Lancas- ter County. could not quit the -ervice he was employed in, but sent a sub-ti'ute.
Until his death, for the period of fifty-six years, he continued the faithful mini-ter of the congregations over which he had been placed in the prime of his youthful vigor, passing the age not generally allotted to man,-that of fourscore and six years. On the 17th of July, A.D. 1792, he laid by the armor of this earthly life, putting on that of immortality. His death was deeply lamented far and wide. Not one of all those who had welcomed him to his early field of labor survived him.
Charles Miner, the historian of Wyoming, gives this opinion of Rev. John Elder: "I am greatly struck with the evidences of learning, talent, and spirit displayed by him. He was beyond doubt the most extraordinary man of interior Pennsylvania. I hope some one may draw up a full memoir of his life, · and a narrative, weil dige-ted. of his times. . . . He was a very extraordinary man, of most extensive in- fluence, full of activity and enterprise, learned, pions, and a ready writer. I take him to have been of the old Cameronian blood. Had his lot been ca-t in New England he would have been a leader of the Puritans." He had, with one who well remembered the old minister, "a good and very handsome face. His features were regular,-no one prominent,-good complexion, with blue eyes. . . . He was a portly. long, straight man, over six feet in height, large frame and body, with rather heavy leus. . . . He did not talk broad Scotch, and spoke much as we do now, but grammatically."
.
ter of Joshua Baker, of Lancaster, who was armorer under George II. of England, and they had four children. He married, secondly, Mary Simp-on, daughter of Thomas Simpson, of Paxtang, and sister of Gen. Michael Simpson, of Revolutionary memory; and by this marriage there were eleven children.
THOMAS ELDEP.
Thomas Elder, son of Rev. John Elder, of Paxtang, and Mary Simpson, was born Jan. 30, 1767, in Pax- tang township, Lancaster Co. (now Dauphin Co.), Pa. He received a good English and classical educa- tion, especially under Joseph Hutchinson. a cele- brated teacher in his day. lle subsequently attended the academy at Philadelphia, where he graduated. Studied law with Gen. John A. Hanna, and was ad- mitted to the Dauphin County bar at the August term, 1791. Hle at once began the practice of a pro- fession in which he became distinguished, and which he followed with great success for upwards of forty years. In the words of Hamilton Alricks, Esq., who presented the resolutions of the Dauphin County bar, which were adopted on the occasion of his decease, Mr. Elder " was eminent as a safe and sagacioa- coun- selor, a laborious and indefatigable lawyer." Doring the Whiskey Insurrection he volunteered as a private in Capt. Dentzel's company, which marched to the westward, preferring the ranks to that of a commis- sioned office which his company offered him. He subsequently held the office of lieutenant-colonel of the militia, and was frequently designated by the title of colonel. As a eitizen in the early years of the borough of Harrisburg. Mr. Elder possessed public spirit and enterprise in advance of his contemporaries . generally. He was the prominent and leading spirit in organizing a company to erect the Harrisburg bridge, the first constructed over the Su-quehauna. and for many years the longest in the Union. Upon its permanent organization, he was unanimously elected the president, which office he held by annaal re-election of the directors until his resignation in June, 1846. He was chosen president of the Harris- burg Bank in June, 1816, which office he held until his death. Governor Hiester appointed him attor- ney-general of the commonwealth, a positiou he filled with marked ability from Dec. 20, 1820, to Dec. 18, 1823, but he ever after positively refused to accept office, although he took a deep and active in- terest for many years in the politieal affairs of the State and nation. He was blessedl with a physical constitution which enabled him to accomplish an ex- traordinary amount of labor without diminishing the elasticity of his spirits or the vigor of his mind. He lived to the advanced age of over eighty-six year -. dying April 29, 1253, at Harrisburg. Mr. Ehler was twice married. First to Catharine Cox, daughter of Col. Cornelius Cox, of E-therton ; second, to Eliza-
His remains quietly repose amid the scenes of his earthly labors in the burying-ground of oldl Paxtang Church, by the side of there who loved and revered him. Over his dust a marble lab bears the inscrip- tion dictated by his friend and neighbor, William Maclay, first United State- Senator from Pennsyl- vania. (see record of Paxtang Church. . Rev. John Elder was twice married, first to Mary Baker, daugh- ! beth chippen Jones, daughter of Robert Strettel
485
BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY.
Jones, of Philadelphia, and had issue by both marri- ages.
AMOS ELLMAKER.
Amos Ellmaker, the son of Nathaniel Ellmaker, . was born in New Holland, Lancaster Co., Pa., on the 2d of February, 1787. He graduated at Yale Col- lege, and after completing his law studies at the cele- brated law-school under Judge Reeves, at Litchfield, Conn., he came to Harrisburg, and continued his studies under Thomas Elder, and was subsequently admitted to the bar at the December term, 1808. He was commissioned deputy attorney-general for the county of Dauphin, Jan. 19, 1509, serving until 1812, and represented Dauphin County in the Legislature from 1812 to 1814. He was appointed by Governor Snyder president judge of this judicial district, July 3, 1815. In 1814 he accompanied the volunteers to Baltimore as an aid to Gen. For-ter. On the 30th of December, 1816, he re-igned, to accept the position of attorney-general of the State, serving to 1819. In June, 1821, he removed to Lancaster, resuming the practice of his profession. He was the anti-Masonic candidate for Vice-President of the United States in 1832. Judge Ellmaker died at Lancaster on the 28th of November, 1851. He married June 13, 1816, Mary R. Elder, daughter of Thomas Elder and Catharine Cox, of Harrisburg, who survives. " Mr. Ellmaker," says Mr. Harris in his " Reminiscences." " was reported to be a good lawyer, and his addresses to the jury when at the bar were clear, distinct, and argumenta- tive." As a gentleman, he po-sessel in an eminent degree those characteristics which distinguish men of rare endowment. He was well informed, and of a lively social disposition, and in all the relations and positions of life was a model worthy of imitation.
REV. JOHN MICHAEL ENTERLINE.
John Michael Enterline was a native of the Palati- nate, Germany, where he was born in 1726. He was educated at the University of Leipsic. and ordained a minister in 1751. He emigrated to America about 1760, but to what locality i- not known. He became pastor of what subsequently was organized as St. John's congregation, near Berrysburg, having settled in that neighborhood towards the close of the Revo- lution. He was a faithful minister of the gospel, and labored strenuously in his calling. He died in March, 1800, aged seventy-four years, leaving a wife, Anna Barbara, and children,-John Michael, John Paul, Daniel, Anna Mary, married Adam Lenker, and Eliza- beth, married Henry Wirth. Many of his descend- ants are more or les prominent citizens of the "Upper End."
PROFESSOR JAMES P. ESPY.
James ( Pollard: Espy, the son of James Espy, was born in Westmoreland County, Pa., May 9, 1786. He was the youngest of ten children, and the seventh
son. His father was a native of Hanover township, Dauphin Co., and had settled in Western Pennsylvania as early as 1780, removing about 1790 to the State of Kentucky, when the subject of our sketch was in his fourth year. His thirst for knowledge was from his childhood insatiable, and his means being limited, he began, while yet in his teens, teaching during a por- tion of each year to pay for the instruction received in the Transylvania University, Lexington, where he graduated at the age of twenty-one. The following year he was invited to Cumberland. Md., to take charge of a classical academy at that place, then newly endowed by the Legislature. His zeal for in-trueting the young was such that he soon made it a well-known institution, to which students came from every part of the country. In the mean time he studied law, went to Bedford, and was admitted to the bar there, subsequently going to Xenia, Ohio, whither his father had previously removed, where he practiced law four years. His profesion did not seem to accord with the literary and scientific tenden- cies of his mind, and he accepted in 1817 a call to the classical department of the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, and that city became his home for
twenty years. During this period he published .ev- eral pamphlets reviewing and rejecting the theories of storms and currents which prevailed, and the-e attracted the notice of the scientists of America. Professor Espy, haviag formed his own theory, brought it practically to the test of many storins. It 1841 he published his great work, "The Philosophy of Storms." Prior to its publication in this form the new theory had caused a sensation in the principal cities of England and France, and Professor E-py was invited to visit Europe and compare his results with those which had been reached by Redfield. Forbes, Pouillet, Fournet, and other -. He accord- ingly visited Europe, and in September, 1840, the British Association appointed a day to entertain the professor's statement, which was made in the presence of Professor Forbes, Mr. Redfield, Sir John Herschel, Sir David Brewster, and other eminent naturalists. The discussion which followed was one of the most interesting ever reported in the journals of the Asso- ciation.
In the Academy of Sciences at Paris the interest was equally great, and a committee consisting of Arago and Pouillet was appointed to report upon E-py's observations and theory. They were satisfied of the importance of the theory at once, and so re- ported. It was in the debate which took place in the Acmlemy at this time that Arago said, " France has it- C'uvier. England its Newton, America it- Espy." On his return from this satisfactory visit Professor Espy was appointed corresponding member of the Smithsonian Institute. In 1813 he was employed ly the War Department, in the Washington Observatory. to prosecute hi- investigations and collite the reports from the different observers throughout the country.
3973
Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.