USA > Pennsylvania > Dauphin County > History of the counties of Dauphin and Lebanon : in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; biographical and genealogical > Part 29
USA > Pennsylvania > Lebanon County > History of the counties of Dauphin and Lebanon : in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania ; biographical and genealogical > Part 29
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CHAPTER XIX.
Military Organization in 1786-1790-Union Canal-The Whiskey In- surrection : De Wees' Journal of-Scott's Description of Dauphin County in 1805.
THE close of the war for independence did not check the military ardor of the people, and militia battalions were organized in the different sections of the county. The officers of the militia from 1786 to 1790 were as follows :
FIRST BATTALION.
Commanded by Lieut .- Col. Thomas Murray.
Cuptuins.
Charles Stewart.
Arthur Bell.
Richard Swan. Andrew Stewart.
Samuel Cochran. William Johnston.
Michael Limes. Martin Weaver.
SECOND BATTALION.
Commanded by Lieut .- Col. Robert Clark.
Captains.
James Willson.
Philip Wolfer-berger.
Robert McKee. James Clunie.
James Kelly.
Frederick Hummel.
John Barnett.
Patrick Hayes,
Peter Shuster.
THIRD BATTALION.
Commanded by Lieut .- Col. Samuel Jones, and after- wards Lieut .- Col. Valentine Shouffler.
Captains.
John Reighard. Samuel Ainsworth, 1789-
James McCreight. 90.
Melchior Beliny. Abraham Sehbolt, 1789-
Daniel Bradley. 90.
Ambrose Crain, 1736-88.
William Young, 1789-90.
Matthias Henning, 1788- 89.
FOURTH BATTALION.
Commanded by Lieut .- Col. Baltzer Orth. ~
Captains.
Christopher Chler. Jacob Embich, 1788-90.
George Bowman. Christian Ley. 1758-90.
Alexander Martin. Leonard Immel, - 1789-90.
Peter Ensminger. Peter Goninger, 1789-90.
John Grumm. Henry Shell, 1796-38.
George Noll.
Ji An Allista 7071
115
GENERAL HISTORY.
The encroachments of the European powers upon American rights compelled the Congress to organize what was called a provisional army in 1792. In obe- dienee therewith the militia of Dauphin County, as then constituted, were fully organized and the officers | of the several battalion- and companies elected in October. They were as follows :
FIRST BATTALION. Lieutenant-Colonel. William Allen.
First Company. Captain-Robert MrKee. -
Second Company. Captain-James Kelly.
Third Company. Captain-Michael Kutzner.
Fourth Company. Captain-Jacob Wolfley.
Fifth Company. Captain-Peter Eberly.
Sixth Company. Captain-John Barnett. Seventh Company. Captain-James Wallace. Eighth Company. Captain-Philip Wolfersberger.
SECOND BATTALION. Lieutenant-d'olonnel. Valentine Shoutfler. Major. William Wray.
First Company. Captain-Jacob Gettle. Lieutenant-Jacob Cassel. Ensign-Frederick Hoover.
Second Company. Captain-Daniel Bradley. Lieutenant -- John Harper. Ensign-Christopher Winter. Third Company. Captain-John Martin. Lieutenant-William Iedriek. Ensign-John Ainsworth.
Fourth Company. Captain-William Young. Lieutenant-John Wallace. Ensign-Vendel Smith.
Fifth Company. Captain-Melchior Behiny. Lieutenant-Martin Walburn. Ensign-Adam Wingelbleck. Seth Company. Captain-John Reighard. Lieutenant -- Michael Leydiek. Ensign-Peter Toy.
Seventh Company. Captain-Hugh Andrew. Lieutenant-David Strain. Ensign --- William Ward.
Eighth Company. Captain-Abraham Selbold. Lieutenant-Christian Shoutller. Ensign-Ulrick Felty.
Light Infantry Company. Captain -- Lewis Kreider. Lieutenant-Samuel Ainsworth. Ensign-Daniel Weidel.
THIRD BATTALION. Lieutenant-Colonel. John Andre Hanna. Major. Thomas Forster.
First Company. Captain-John Me Elhenny. Lieutenant-John Whitehill. Ensign-Zachariah Stephen.
Second Company. Captain-William Glass. Lieutenant-John Krause. . Ensign-Anthony Seyfert.
Third Company.
Captain-William Murray. Lieutenant-Simp-on Stengever. Ensign-James Foulks.
Fourth Company. Captain-John Brubaker. Lieutenant-George Clark. Ensign-John Meetch.
Fifth Company. Captain-Samuel Sherer. Lieutenant-Richard Fulton. Ensign-Michael Newling.
Sixth Company. Captain-Robert MeClure. Lieutenant-Martin Shell. Ensign-John Syder.
Seventh Company. Captain-Richard Swan. Lieutenant-Michael Whitley. Ensign-William Johnston.
Eighth Company. Captain-Martin Weaver. Lieutenant-John Shee-ly. Ensign-Daniel Steever.
FOURTH BATTALION. Lieutenant-l'alone !. James Woods. Major. George Bowman.
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HISTORY OF DAUPHIN COUNTY.
First Company.
Captain-Jacob Teis. Lieutenant-David Teiss. Ensign-Joseph Bowman. Second Company.
Captain-Jacob Embich. Lieutenant-John Kohr. Ensign-Henry Kelker. Third Company.
Captain-John Grum. Lieutenant-George Wiland. Ensign-Henry King. Fourth Company.
Captain-Peter Ensminger.
Lieutenant-Gottlieb Orth. Ensign-Henry Orth.
Fifth Company.
Captain-Thoma- Millard. Lieutenant-Michael Bowen. Ensign-Frederick Trion.
Sixth Company. Captain-Christian Ley. Lieutenant-John Krill. Ensign-John Kuster. S reuth Company.
Captain-Michael Singer. Lieutenant-Charles Reighard. Ensign-Joseph Martin.
Eighth Company.
Captain-Daniel Hening. Lieutenant -- Henry Berry. Ensign-Daniel Straw.
Light Infantry Company. Captain-Abraham Doebler. Lientenant-John Bowman. Ensign-Adam Rit-cher.
1
In the history of the county of Lebanon we have referred to the construction of the Union Canal in full. In this connection we can only say that it extends from Middletown. on the Susquehanna River, to Reading, on the Schuylkill River. being seventy-nine miles in length, with a navigable feeder seven miles in length. There are fifty-four locks on the east, with a descent of three hundred and seven feet. and thirty- four locks on the west, with a descent of one hundred and ninety-three feet. There is a tunnel northwest of Lebanon seven hundred and twenty-nine feet in length, cut in the solid rock. and this was the first tunnel constructed in the United States. The sum- mit was filled with water obtained from the Quitopa- hilla and Swatara Creeks, although other streams have been tapped.
The first survey of it was made in 1762, by David Rittenhouse and Dr. William Smith, although its feasibility is said to have been suggested by William Penn as early as 1600. In 1764 operations were com- menced, and after many discouragements and finan- cial disasters were compietel in 1837, when the first
boat, the " Alpha of Tulpehoeken," passed Lebanon on its way westward. Identical with the completion and operation of this maritime highway the material prosperity of this county, and especially Lebanon dates. The population increased, business inerea-ed. and to it belongs the honor of laying the corner-stone of the prosperity of those sections which it traverses. It has lost the prestige of its commerce and import- ance, but is still a line of cheap transportation for coal, lumber, iron-ore, iron, and other manufacturing material. The railroads have succeeded it in the popular sense of quick transportation, but it forms a prominent part in the history of the Swatara Valley, and as such will always be hell in grateful remem- brance. Its first construction was made for boats of fifteen tons, but the enlargement between 1858 and 1857 gives a safe passage to boats of heavier capaci- ties. It has the honor of being the first canal built in the country.
In the year 1793 occurred that terrible scourge the yellow fever at Philadelphia. The deaths were nu- merous, and many of the principal citizens of the metropolis fell vietims to the epidemic. As is the case when yellow fever or cholera or other direful diseases prevail in a certain locality, places distant from the infected districts are affected by disease- somewhat allied to those of the more malignant type : and during this period Harrisburg, Columbia, Reading, and other towns, suffered severely. In the chapters devoted to Harrisburg we have referred to this matter in full.
The opposition to the excise law in Western Penn- sylvania culminated in 1794 in what was termed the " Expedition to the Westward," or the Whiskey In- surrection. Troops were enrolled, and the county of ! Dauphin well represented. We fully expected to ob- tain complete rolls of the troops in the departments of Washington City, but investigation and research have not been successful. In the general pay-roll of the Second Regiment Pennsylvania Militia we bave the following officers from this section :
Lieutenant- Colonel. Thomas Forster. Major.
Frederick Hummel. Paymaster. John Brown. Sergeant-MMajor. Philip Stoehr.
Capt. John Wallace's company consisted of one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign, four sergeant-, two corporals, and thirty-two privates.
Capt. Samuel Ainsworth's company consisted of one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign. two sergeant -. one corporal, and nineteen privates.
Capt. Devin's rifle company consisted of one cap-
1
117
GENERAL HISTORY.
tain, one lieutenant, four sergeants, four corporals, and thirty privates.
That there were other companies there is no doubt. We have the journal of Capt. Samuel Dewees, who was on the Western Expedition, and from this we gather many important facts. Dewees says, -
" Lawyers Fisher, Dentzel, Elder, and a storekeeper of the name of Reitzel, and others of the citizens were engaged in raising a volunteer military company. Lawyer Fisher was elected captain, Lawyer Pent- zel ensign, Reitzel first lieutenant, and - second lieutenant. The company was a large one, and each member muitorund and equipped himself in handsome style. Capt. Fisher found out the residence of a drummer of the name of Warriour, who then lived some two or three milles from Harrisburg. Warrioor had been a British fruta-maior, but hau at an early stage of the Revolutionary struggle deserted from the British and joined himself to the Continent. 1 army, and had beit the drum for it until the et. 1 f the war. Warri ur was chosen drum-major in Capt. Fisher's company, and I was chosen fife-major. Warriour was decidedly the best drummer that I had ever seen or heard teit during the Revolution. His inu-ic was not of the loudest kind, but it was -hurp. clear, well-timed, and rich in its spuit-stirring melodie4. Chpt. Fisher's company was conipose 1 of the most patriotic, intelligent, respectable, and wealthy young men of Harrisburg and vicinity, who prided them- selves very much in exercising and perfecting themselves in the school of the soldier.
". . . Capt Fisher received orders for his company to march on to Car- lisle. We all got in readiness, paraded through the principal streets of Harrisburg, and then marched for Carlisle. When we left Harrisburg we crossed over the Susquehanna River io flats. These were a kind of boat twenty or thirty feet long and teo or twelve feet wide, with sides a foot and a half or two feet high. The banks of the river on the town sile were covered with women and children, and there were great weep- ing and mourning. Our country called, and duty was clearly spread out before our eyes. We bad, therefore, to steel our hearts against the cries of mothers and children, aud brave up against the tide of weeping and mailing by playing and bearing up merrily ' Charley over the Water." This we continued to do until Harrisburg was partly lost in the distance behind us."
As many of the incidents detailed in Dewees' ac- count are new, and referable in the main to Capt. George Fisher's company, we make full extract. there- from :
". . . Upon our arrival at Carlisle we pitched our tents upon the ' commons' beyond the " .pring, and very soon after the camp was formed ten or twelve med were detached from our company to join Gen. Wash- ington's quarter-guard. Prestlent Washington had arrived but that day or the day previous at Carlisle. He had been there, however, sev. emal times previous to our marching thither. Warriour and myself played the detached portion of our company up to the court-house, where the general's quarter-guard was stationed, and then returned to camp.
" In a few days after our arrival at Carlisle, President Washington is- sned his orders for all to be in readiness to march .. On the next or second olay thereafter, in the morning. we were ordered to beat up "1.e ' Getierai.' This way a signal tune. A, soon as we would commence to play it, all the men would set themselves about pulling up the tent-pins, and ar- ranging matters for a general strike. At a certain roll in this tone (called the "General'), all things being in readiness, the tears would le all thrown down in one dire tion, and all fall at once, tu the same movement, or as nearly so as could to love. This line. some of the colliers would then engage in rotling them up, while others would carry them to the wagons and pack them, camp kettles, etc., ther-in. For the Amu-ement aud Use of my young readers, I will here in-ert a part of two old verses now recollected, which was set to the tune of the 'General':
"" Come, brave boys, it is almost day. Strike your tents and march away.'
": Fou't you hear the general siy, Strike your tents and march away.'
" After we had beaten up the ' General our tents were all struck to the ground at the signal, rolled up, and they with all other camp +quip-
age, packed in our baggage-wagon. When this task wis accomplished, the long roll was then beat up, and all formed into ling. The army then formed by regiment- into marching order, then marched and forme.l the line in the main street of Carlisle. The reciment to which Chaj.t. l'isher's company was attached, was formed in the main line of regiments, and upon the right of that line. Caft. Fisher's company ocenysing the right of that regiment, constituted the extreme right of the entire line, und rested in the main street, opposite the court-house. The rear of the main column or line rested at a great distance from town on the old Philadelphia road, and beyond the 'gallows ground.' This line, be- sides being formed preparatory to the march, was also established for the purpose of passing the review. All the officers were at their mr ats in front of the line in order to receive and sainte the commander-i.s. chief and suite. President Washington, the Governor of States then at Carlisle, formed at the head of the line. fhe brigade and field uth- cers that accompanied the Presplent and Governor's took their positions in the line preparatory to the review.
"All things being in readiness, the Presulent and snite moved ou to review of the trongs. The method of salute was, rach regiment as the commander-in-chief atul suite drew near was onlered to 'prespu! arme." Field officers, captains, lientenants, rte., in line in advance of the troops sainted by bringing the hills of their swords to their fices and then throwing the points of their swords towards the ground at some little distance from their bodies on their right side, the ninsicians at the same time playing and beating a salute. The flag-bearers at a certain roll of the drum would also salute by waving their colors to and fro. The musicians in this grand line of military varied very much in their salutes. Some drummers no doubt knew what tune was a salut", and could have beaten it well, but their fiter- could not play it, and some ffers knew how to play it, but their drummers could not beat it. An acquaintatice of mine of the name of Shipe, who played the fife for a company trom Philadelphia conbl have played it, and well too (for many a time we had played it together during the Revolution), but his druto- mer knew nothingabout it. Some musicians played and beat one thing and some another. One fifer, I recollect (within hearing distance of us , played ' Yankee Doodle,' and his drummer no doubt beat it well too, but It was not a salute. When President Washington and his suite arrived at our regiment I struck up and Warriour bear the old ' British Gren .- dier's March,' which was always the music played and beat, and offered1 to a superior officer as a salute during the Revolutionary war.
" President Washington eyed us keenly as he was passing us, and con- tinned to do so, even when be had passed to some distance from us. After this duty was performed, upon the part of the & bliery, Washing- ton, in conversation with the officers, asked Capt. Fisher if his mini- cians ( Warrtour and myself , had not been in the Continental service during the Revolution ? Capt. Fi-her informed him that we had been ; upon which the President replied that he had thought so, from the man- ner of playing and beating, and observed that we performned the best of any in the army, and were the only musicians that played and beat the old for usual) revolutionary salute, which he said wasas well played and beat as he had ever heard it dutin_ the Revolution. Capt. Fisher was very proud of our having so far excelled as to attain the just praise of the President, and said to us upon his return, ' Poys, you have received the praise of President Washington to-lay for having excelled all of the musicians in the line in playing and beating up Washington's favorite revolutionary salute, for he says not a musician in the whole army huis played it to-day but your-elves.' If Capt. Fisher was proud of Wash- ington's commendation of us, my readers may judge that we were not less pron.1 of it than himself.
" In the course of an hour or two after the troops had been reviewed by Presi lent Washington, at Carlisle, the order of ' forward' was given. The whole army then took up its line of march westward, and in the evening of that day it reached Mount Rock, and encamped. This place was about seven miles from Carlisle. The next day we passed through ship peosburg and reached Strasburg, at the foot of the mountain, where We encamped. I do not recollect whether we remainel at this place longer than a night or not, but think that we were a day and two nights encan. ped there lefore we began to ascend the mountain. * x
* * *
"We broke onr encamipineut at strasburg and set ont npon the march up the mountain. It's nothing to travel iver the mountains new to what it was then ; the roads were both harrow and steep, as well az crooked. Owing to the zigzag nature of the road, sol lives in the front could behold very a way so liers towards the Four, and the soldiers in the rear could beheld many of the - ri hors that marched between it and the front. This march urt being a forced one. ample tomar was given us t. ascend to its sumimit. Nature had strewn her ni --- covered deets about
118
HISTORY OF DAUPHIN COUNTY.
in profusion upon its side, and we, grateful to her for the favor, occupied them often in our laborious journey, as well upon this mountain as others, upon all the cther mioninius which laid in our way between Cumberland Valley and Pittsburgh.
" Soonafter our arrival at that place { Bedford], portions of our army were reorganized. Here we lost our captain . F sher, who was promoted to the rank of major. Lieut. Rritzel became om captain, and Ensign Dentzel became lieutenant. After these changes were made we had to hold au election for ensign. * * * *
" Shortly after this there was intelligence received that the ' Whiskey Boys' in grent nundeers were lying in amatch awaiting our approach. Some believed the report, others scont. I at the blea. The whole army received an ample supply of ammunition. The nile companie were ordered to mould a great many bullets, and much preparation was middo to repel any attack which the insurgents might feel disposed to make. The orders to march upon a cert un day were general. Each man drew a dourle ur triple quantity of provisions, and received orders to cook the same.
" All things being in readiness, we then took up the line of march and pushed for the Allegheny Mountains. I do not recollect anything worthy of notice until we were descending the western base of the Al- legheny Mountains in our approach to the ' Glades ' Here we had a hard time of it. It was now November, and the weather was not only quite cold but it was windy and rain was falling. By an oversight we were pushed on a considerable distance in advance of our baggage. wagons, and at length halted at an old waste barn thit we supposed be- longed to some one of the insurgents, for hul it uut been so uur army would not have been permitted to burn the feuces thereon. We col- lected rails and built fires, Unt owing to the rain and the mar-by nature of that section of country, the ground around our fires with our con- tinued tramping because quite miry. . . .
" My readers may judge of the land's au face and of the state of the roads through the Glades when I inform them that when some of the wagons arrived in the forenoon at where we halted the night previous they havl each from twelve to twenty horses attached to them, atul the axle-trees were sweeping of choving the mind and water before them as they moved onwards. None but regular wagontis could have navigated these mud swamps, and bone but rezulur team-ters or bien acquainted with bad roads of roads in their worst state can conceive the impa-st- ble state of the roads through the Glades in the year 1734. , .
" We next made a halt at Greensburgh. in Westmoreland County, and the next halt that we made was not far from the 'Bullock Plains,' known by many as Braddock's Fields. When we arrived at Brallch's Fields we formel our camp aud laund there a few days. Whilst there, the soldiers, many of thein, antised them,cives by climbing up into the trees for the purpose of cutting ont leaden bullets which had been lodged there in 1755 when Gen. Braddock was defeated by the In lians in the campaign of that year. From Braddock's Fields we moved on to Fort Pitt (now Pittsburgh , and encamped within A imle of the town.
" Whilst we laid at Fort Pitt I obtained permission to visit the town every day or two. The old fort . In queste) which had been built for the protection of this post. I do not recollect whether it was occupied by any of our troops, but believe it was But. It was so built as to command the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers above and at their janction, as also the Ohio River below. The bills around Pittsburgh, particularly those on the opposite suley of both rivers, were very Ingl. The hills abuve Pittsburgh and between the two rivers were (some of them quite high, and were called different names, as Grant's Hill, Scotch Hill, Forbes' Fields, &c.
"Instead of being met, as was threatened, by a formidable fop, we saw nothing in the form of . nemies. The disaffected had disbanded and gone quietly in their home - The jusorry tionary spint was every day growing weaker and weaker, and in proportion as this had manifested itself the insurgent force bud diminisned Justering from saven toten thousand men ably, and they pr mniseuously and hastily drawn from their homes, young and old without proper leaders. proper discipline, military atores, etc , they i el thought it . 'together farle to attempt to resist (or cope with) a well-die gdined army of upwards of titteen thou- sand strong. After a number of the more active leader- were captured and banded over to the proper authorities, to be dealt with according to the laws of the land, the expedition was codered at an end. Laverner Lee, believing that it was dtogether necesary and londy called for, lei: Gen. Morgan with a Prong deti hne at in the centre of . 0' ... isterted country.' The main body of the army was then withdrawn from Pitts- burgh and the surrounding country, and were marchal on their way homeward Many whe sought Ji-charges obtained them , some of these
enlisted in the United States regular service and marched on to join Gen. Wayne, who was then engaged in a war with the Indians on the Miami, in Ohio.
. . . " After climbing and descending alternately for a number of days together the different mountains which laid between Greensburg and the d'umberland Valley, I at length arrived at Strasburg. Setting out from Strasburg, in Franklin County, it was not long until I reached Harrisburg. A number of days elapsed before Capt. Fisher's (then Dentzel's) company arrived at Harrisburg."
In 1805, Joseph Scott published " A Geographical Description of Pennsylvania; also the counties re- spectively in the order in which they were established by the Legislature, with an alphabetical list of the townships in each county, and their population in 1805." The account of Dauphin at this period is wortht reproducing in this connection, as it contains facts nowhere else found :
" DAUPHIN COUNTY .- A mountainous county, established, by the legis- lature, the 4th of March, 17>5. It was taken from Lancaster conuty. Dauphin is buntued N. by Mahantango creek, which separates it from Northumberland, N. E. ty Berks, S. E. by Lancaster, W. and s. W by the Susquehanna, which divides it from Mitdin, on the N. W. : by t uni- berland on the W. . and York on the S. W. It is 45 miles in length, and 46 in breadth. The principal waters are Swatara, and its numerous branches, Paxtang, Fishing, Stony, Clark's, Powell's, Artistrong's, aud Wikimsky creeks, also Maundy and Beaver creeks. both important streains, and flowing into the swatara trot the east side of the county, besides Mahantango, which is the X. boumulary of the county, and Cono. wago, which is its S. boundary ; all of which flow westerly, and fall into the Susquehanna The principal mountains, beginning N. are Hahan- tango, Wikinisky, Peters' Little, Second. and the Blue Mountain be- sides the Conewag > hills, partly in this, and Lancaster county The lands south of the Blue mountain, including about one-holt of the connty, are considerably fertile, and not inferior to the lands genially in Lancaster county. The valley's between the mountains are very nar- row, except Inken's valley S. of Malantango mountain, and a large triangular valley, on each side of Armstrong's creek, between Wikin- isky mountain on the N. and Peters' on the $. Abudance of iron ore Is found in some of the monnt nus. Two furnaces and 2 forges bave been erected. they ininufa ture pig, tar-ion, hollow-ware, Ac. This connty contained in iso5, T2 grist-mills. 77 saw-mitis, 6 od-mills, 4 full- ing-mills, 2 hemip-mills, I paper-mill. 127 distilleries, a boring and a powder-mill. Dauphin contained, in 1790. 17,265 tree inhabitants, atd 212 slaves : and in 1980. 22,117 free inhabitants, and 193 slaves. It semuls 3 representatives to the general assembly, and, in 180G, gave, on the election of governor, 0,151 votes.
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