USA > Pennsylvania > Armstrong County > Armstrong County, Pennsylvania her people past and present, embracing a history of the county and a genealogical and biographical record of representative families, Volume I > Part 40
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other sources, $583.84; value of schoolhouses, $1,600; teachers' wages, $700; other expen- ses, $132.83.
The school directors for that year were: great battle in the war of the Rebellion, and James G. Pew, president ; W. C. Linsenbigler, on the first intimation given that various arti- secretary, E. S. Ralston, treasurer; A. A. cles were needed to make the sick and George, N. S. Rupert.
ELDERTON ACADEMY
This school was founded in 1865, chiefly under United Presbyterian auspices. During most of the time until 1876 it was in charge of Rev. Byron Porter, at that time pastor of the U. P. Church there. He was very successful, ord of how much-was thus done, some send- the enrollment one year reaching eighty pupils.
He was succeeded by his daughter Elizabeth, now Mrs. Rev. R. F. Smith, Pleasant Unity, Pa., who taught during three terms. Among those who succeeded her were : Rev. G. A. and Mrs. Duncan, since deceased; Rev. J. H. Cooper, Congruity, Pa .; Rev. H. F. Earse- man, Knox, Pa .; Bruce Earhart, M. D., Salts- burg, Pa .; William J. Christy, Esq., Kittan- ning, Pa. ; A. P. Gibson, Beaver, Pa. ; Mr. C. DeLancy, Indiana, Pennsylvania.
Then after a period of inactivity, the life of the Elderton Academy was resuscitated dur- ing the spring of 1895, by the earnest efforts of W. H. Bleakney, Elderton, Pa., now of Pendleton. Oregon, his labors extending pear to be highly creditable to the humanity through a period of almost two years. He and patriotism of those by whom it was con- was succeeded by J. D. Chisholm, Pittsburgh, tributed. Pa., who taught almost one year. A. Bruce Gill, A. B., West Sunbury, Pa., next took up POPULATION the work, followed by Dr. A. W. Nichols, of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
The school attained its highest point of profi- ciency and scholarship under the supervision of Prof. W. A. Patton, the present superin- tendent of Armstrong county public schools. He here displayed such qualities of scholarship, both as instructor and organizer, that he be- came the county's choice for superintendent. He was succeeded by Earnest B. Lawrence, W. L. Austin, A. R. Ackerman and J. H. Lauffer, who came in 1911, and is in charge of the school at the present time. The Acad- emy is duly chartered and controlled by a board of trustees, elected by stockholders, to serve for a period of four years.
MISCELLANEOUS
A brass band, consisting of fifteen pieces, organized in 1872, was one of the best in the county.
SOLDIERS' AID SOCIETY
On the reception of the news of the first
wounded Union soldiers comfortable, the la- dies of Elderton and Plum Creek immediately, even on the Sabbath day, commenced prepar- ing lint and bandages and collecting delicacies to be forwarded to the suffering with all pos- sible dispatch, and this was continued for a considerable time before an association was regularly organized. Much-there is no rec-
ing their contributions to individual soldiers whom they knew. Toward the latter part of the war an account was kept of the money and articles contributed. The aggregate of the former was $169.99, which the society ex- pended for material on which they expended their labor. Thirteen pages, thirteen by eight inches, are filled with entries of shirts, draw- ers, packages of bandages, dried fruits, canned fruits, vegetables, etc., received and forwarded through the sanitary commission to the army. The money value of all the contributions made by this society from first to last cannot now be estimated, but it is fair to state that the gross amount, if accurately known, would ap-
The population of Elderton in 1860 was 196; in 1870, 235; in 1880, 299; in 1890, 243; in 1900, 293 ; in 1910, 285.
The assessment returns for 1913 show : number of acres, 94, valued at $4,894 ; houses and lots, 139, value $40,730, average, $293.02 ; horses, 49, value, $1,536, average, $31.34; cows, 14, value, $226, average, $16.14; taxable occupations, 120, amount, $3,740, total valua- tion, $51,126. Money at interest, $41,575.51.
CHURCHES IN THE TOWNSHIP
Christ Evangelical Lutheran Church was founded in Gastown at an early date, a union church, occupied jointly with the United Pres- byterians, having been built in 1818. Judge Robert Woodward donated the ground for the building. For a number of years the build- ing was used by the Lutheran, Presbyterian and Reformed congregations, but one by one they grew larger and each moved into homes
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
of their own. The first to go were the United banded it in 1845 and attached its members to Presbyterians, and for years the other two other churches. sects used the old stone building. Finally they also outgrew the building and in 1867 erected a larger frame structure, 45 by 50 feet. The Lutherans were represented in the work by George Rearich, John Sell and Luke Bierer. The Reformed by Abraham Jewell, Jacob Thomas, Herman Rearich and Nicholas Ree- fer.
The Lutherans in 1893 decided to separate from the Reformed congregation, and in 1894 dedicated a building of their own which cost $2,037. On that day they gave their old-time partners a quit-claim deed to the old stone building.
The Cherry Run Presbyterian Church was organized by the Blairsville Presbytery in 1844. Its edifice is a neat frame, situated about a hundred rods southeast of Whites- burg, on the Kittanning and Indiana turnpike. This church was supplied by the late Rev. John Stark until 1858, he having dissolved his connection with the Associate Reformed and having been ordained as an evangelist in the Presbyterian church. After his labors ceased Rev. M. M. Shirley was its pastor until 1866; Rev. G. K. Scott from 1867 to 1869. It has since been occasionally supplied. Members in 1880, 92; Sabbath school, 85.
The first pastor to preach in the old stone Mount Union Reformed and Lutheran con- church was Rev. G. A. Reichert, in 1828. gregations were organized in 1869 at the Mc- After his term Revs. John H. Bernheim and Jacob Zimmerman served from 1838 to 1847. A long vacancy then ensued until the coming of Rev. Michael Swigert in 1858, who re- mained until 1864. This section of the county was inclined to oppose the Civil war, and Rev. Mr. Swigert was forced by the aggressiveness of the people to resign his charge in favor of Rev. Jacob H. Wright, who served them from 1864 to 1881. After him came Revs. R. B. Starks, 1881-85; Samuel Krider. 1886-89: J. W. Hutchison, 1889-90; S. V. Dye, 1891-92 ; William Hesse, 1893-97; J. W. Tressler and J. A. Flickinger, 1899-1900; J. M. Hankey, 1900-03 ; C. L. Wisswaesser, 1903-10; and Rev. C. F. Miller, the present incumbent. Cullough schoolhouse, by Rev. Frederick Wise of the Reformed, and Rev. J. H. Wright of the Lutherans. The congregations incorpo- rated jointly and erected a frame building in 1870. During communion service in 1873 the church was burned, and the present brick struc- ture was built in 1874 at a cost of $3,000. The first church council of the Lutherans consisted of John Schaeffer and Adam Linsenbigler, elders, and David and Philip Rupert, deacons. The members of the first Reformed consistory were Aaron Smith, Obadiah Rupert and Adam Smith. The Lutheran pastors have been : Revs. J. H. Wright, 1869-81 ; R. B. Starks, 1881-85; Samuel Krider, 1886-89; S. V. Dye, The present membership is 67, and the Sab- bath school, 55. Three churches are in the charge of Rev. Mr. Miller. 1889-93; William Hesse, 1893-95; C. M. Wachter, 1895-98; J. E. F. Hassinger, 1899- 1902; J. M. Hankey, 1902-03; C. L. Wiss- waesser, 1903-10; C. F. Miller, 1910 to the present time. The membership is 87 and the Sabbath school has 65 scholars.
Plum Creek Presbyterian Church was or- ganized by the "Old Redstone Presbytery" prior to 1830. The congregation, about that year, erected a stone edifice two miles north-
St. Paul's Reformed Church, two miles east of Elderton, between Plum creek and one northeast of Whitesburg, was under the charge of its western branches, now the site of the of Rev. A. H. Kline in 1876 and had one hun- thriving village of Gastown. The facts of its dred members.
St. Thomas' Church, Reformed, six miles
early history are obscure. Rev. E. D. Bar- rett, a graduate of Williams College, and a north of Elderton, had about fifty members classmate of William Cullen Bryant, gave one in 1876.
half his time to that church for one year. while he was pastor of Glade Run Church. He, Bryant, and Charles F. Sedgwick, of Sharon, Conn., were the only surviving members of their class in the centennial year. That church was demitted in 1839 on account of the dilapi- dated condition of the edifice, its remoteness from Elderton and the organization of an- other church, so that it seldom afterward had even supplies. The Blairsville Presbytery dis- William Hamilton.
The German Baptist or Dunkard Church separated from the Cowanshannock church in 1863 and built a home one mile southeast of Elderton, naming it Plum Creek church. It was first under the care of Rev. Lewis Kim- mel and had over one hundred members in 1876.
The Methodist Episcopals have a church at Whitesburg, under the charge of the Rev.
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
SCHOOLS OF THE TOWNSIIIP
The first schoolhouse within the present limits of Plum Creek township was erected the northeastern part of the township, half a inile from an old blockhouse that stood just over the Indiana county line. It was similar to most of the original temples of knowledge built by pioneers of the county, and the first teacher was Robert Orr Shannon.
in 1792 on the old John Sturgeon farm, in 155.67; value of schoolhouses, $14,400; teach-
The second schoolhouse was located on land of Absalom Woodward, in the southeastern part of the township, being taught by a Mr. Donahoo, who remained as late as 1802.
Schoolhouses were located after thesc at various convenient points, the teachers of which were: Henry Ruffner, Cornelius Roley, William St. Clair, Rev. John Kirkpatrick, Miss Ann Fulton, John Sturgeon and Anthony O'Baldwin. All of these schoolhouses were primitive log ones. The free school system was readily adopted in 1835, and the requisite number of a rather better kind of log houses were erected, at suitable distances, throughout the township, which have since been replaced by comfortable frame ones.
In 1860 the number of schools was 14; aver- age number of months taught, 4; male teach- ers, II ; female teachers, 3; average salaries of male, per month, $12; average salaries of fe- GEOLOGICAL male, $12; male scholars, 387; female schol- An approximate idea of the geological fea- tures around Elderton and throughout Plum ing compilation from "Rogers' Geology of Pennsylvania": ars, 325; average number attending school. 396 ; amount levied for school purposes, $1 .- Creek township is derivable from the follow- 100; for building, $300; received from Statc appropriation, $176.61 ; from collectors, $1,- 057.79; cost of teaching each scholar per On Crooked creek, two and a half miles be- month, 31 cents; cost of instruction, $672; low Plum creek, the upper Freeport coal is , fuel and contingencies, $195 ; building, renting. repairing schoolhouses, $310.
In 1876 the number of schools (exclusive of three in that part of South Bend taken from the Plum Creek township) was 14; average number of months taught, 5; male teachers, II ; female teachers, 3; average salaries, male, per month, $30.45; average salaries, female. per month, $27; male scholars, 310; female scholars, 248; average number attending school, 375; cost per month, 77 cents ; amount of tax levied for school and building purposes, $3,644.57 ; received from State appropriation, $407.34; from taxes, etc., $2,827.71; cost of schoolhouses, $771.05; teachers' salaries, $2,- 080; fuel, contingencies, collectors' fees, etc., $384.
The number of schools in 1913 was 16; average months taught, 7; male teachers, 10; female teachers, 6; average salaries, male, $42, shale, 11/2 feet thick.
female, $40 ; male scholars, 191 ; female schol- ars, 221; average attendance, 315; cost per month, $2.09; tax levied, $3,574.66; received from State, $2,511.54; other sources, $4,- ers' wages, $4,620; fuel, fees, etc., $1,413.77.
The school directors are: D. E. Montgom- ery, president; G. A. Harkleroad, secretary ; N. G. Clark, treasurer; James Nelson, A. L. Johnson.
ASSESSMENT LISTS
The chief occupation of the people of this township has been agricultural. The assess- ment list for 1876 showed the number of cler- gymen to be 4; physicians, 2; laborers, 52; blacksmiths, 3; millers, 3; wagonmakers, 2; peddlers, 2; mason, I ; saddler, I; shoemaker, I; gentleman, I. Mercantile-Number of stores, 5; in twelfth class, 1; in thirteenth class, I ; in fourteenth class, 3.
The assessment returns for 1913 show : number of acres, 26,09134, valued at $399,- 500; houses and lots, value, $10,735; horses, 402, value, $21,345, average, $53.09; cows, 472, value, $8,265, average, $17.51; taxable occupations, 598, amount, $5,680; total valu- ation, $496,141. Money at interest, $37,530.10.
seen 12 feet above the creek, and 42 inches thick as exposed ; it soon dips under the stream. In the bend of Crooked creek the red and variegated shales of the Barren measures, with nodules of hematitic ore, occur 45 feet above the stream and fragments of green fossilifer- ous limestone 30 feet above it. The Pitts- burgh coal occurs upon the upland surface three quarters of a mile southeast of this point on Crooked creek.
The black limestone strata are seen rising west under the greenish strata, one quarter of a mile below the bend, and 20 feet above the creek. Over a dark greenish stratum 10 inches thick lies a nodular limestone 5 inches thick ; this, again, is capped by green shales. Half a mile below this the upper Freeport coal rises to a height of 51 feet above the water level, and is opened 31/2 feet thick ; roof bituminous
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
The ferriferous limestone rises from the known down to the creek and full of fossils, creek at Heath's; it is full of small bivalves 6 feet thick. (terebratula, etc.), is flinty, thinly stratified, dark blue, and 5 feet thick. A quarry of sili- cious sandstone, greenish-gray and splitting into slabs, has been blasted in the strata, 20 feet above the limestone, which slabs are used for tombstones in Elderton. Sandstones are largely developed in the bed of the creek below the old sawmill. A coal bed 11/2 feet thick is there, from 20 to 25 feet above the water ; the limestone is nowhere visible. A section made in the lofty sides of the valley at that place is as follows: Mahoning massive sand- stone, 50 feet ; upper Freeport coal, irregular (estimated to be 200 feet above the creek), 3 feet ; unknown, 15 feet; Freeport limestone, 18 inches; unknown, 10 feet; sandstone and shale, 40 feet; Freeport sandstone, 50 feet ; The highest point in the township is at the coal, a few inches; shale, 16 feet ; sandstone, headwaters of Cherry run, about a mile north- 4 feet; unknown, 41 feet; Kittanning coal east of Elderton, and is 1,547 feet above the (possibly the ferriferous coal), 11/2 feet; un- level of the sea.
The depth of an old salt well at this point was said to be 500 feet. A little to the east of this appears to run the highest or axis line of the Roaring run anticlinal flexure. The Freeport limestone, bearing its characteristic minute fossils, has fallen so far in its level by the time it has reached Cochran's Mills, 300 yards above the next saltworks, that it. is but 24 feet above the dam ; it is seminodular, and 2 feet thick. The upper Freeport coal overlies it 21/2 feet, and is itself 3 feet thick. It is a thicker bed some hundred yards south- west, and the coal outcrop is 10 feet above it. A coalbed is seen at a level 100 feet higher in the hillside. Beneath it is seen a massive sand- stone. At the lower saltworks is a coalbed 3 feet thick and 60 feet above the stream.
CHAPTER XXIV
BETHEL TOWNSHIP
NAMED FROM OLD LUTHERAN CHURCHI-PIONEERS-FIRST INDUSTRIES-LATER IMPROVEMENTS- CHURCHES-SCHOOLS-POPULATION-GEOLOGICAL
This division of Armstrong county takes its name from one of the oldest Lutheran churches in this part of Pennsylvania, situ- ated on an eminence overlooking Crooked creek, and commanding a lovely view of the entire surrounding territory. Bethel was formed at the same time with the townships of Parks and Gilpin, out of the old Allegheny township, in 1878. It is a rich farming com- munity and has no large towns within its bounds.
PIONEERS
When the three townships were included in that of Allegheny the real settlement of Bethel began, so it will be necessary to give the names of the early land owners and settlers who took chibald McKatten, Michael Barrackman, James up the territory included at that time. In the Crosby, James Fitzgerald, John Montgomery, list below will be found names of those who Isaac Vanhorn, John Klingensmith, John
obtained warrants for the land as well as those who occupied and improved it :
John Elder, John Collier, David McKee, Peter Shaeffer, J. Heckman, P. Heckman, John Barrickman, James Beatty, Matthew
Maris, Hugh Glenn, John Wigton, William Highfield, James Glenn, John Morrison, Jacob Williams, Nicholas Bray, William Kelly, George Wolf, Samuel Cochran, Alexander Craig, John Pinkerton, George Bartram, Robert Alexander and Samuel Walker, Alex- ander Clark, Thomas Burd, Enoch Westcott, Samuel Waugh, Samuel Stitt, Charles Van- deren, Henry Girt, John Steele, Joseph Par- ker, Francis Bailey, William Stitt, George Risler, Griffith Jones, Henry Klingensmith, James Campbell. William Campbell, Jeremiah Pratt, John Hawk, Sebastian Fisher, John Vanderen, ,George Ingram, Philip Klingen- smith, Thomas Campbell. John Hill, George Isebuster. James and John Jack, Charles Camp- bell, James Anderson. Hugh Cunningham. Ar-
Conrad, Samuel Stitt, Robert Caldwell, Thomas York, George Elliott, John Brown, Jacob Beck, Bernard Macho, William Smith, Thomas Hood, William McAllister, Jacob Reese, Lambert Cadwallader, James Mease,
201
HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
George Clymer, Samuel Meredith, William heny Valley railroad, was named after Sheriff Jack, Thomas Cadwallader, Robert Hanna, John Montgomery, Robert Parks, Samuel Crosby, Assemus Boyer, Adam Moyer, John and James Waltenbaugh, Thomas Barclay, Samuel Printz, Philip Schutt, John Scholl.
Most of the settlers in this township came between 1792 and 1806, the earliest ones being Alexander and Samuel Walker, on the south side of Crooked creek ; James Cunningham, at the junction of that creek and the Allegheny ; William Beatty, on land adjoining the Manor ; and Thomas Gallagher, who kept a distillery in the northeastern part.
FIRST INDUSTRIES
The first mill in the township was that of Alexander Walker, on the second bend of Crooked creek, built in 1805. As the current of this creek is exceedingly swift, the mill could be operated all the year round, without freezing up, so the settlers from many miles came here for their grist. His successor was John Walker, in 1830.
The increasing trade at this mill by 1836 induced Robert Walker to build a mill at the sharp turn of the creek, about a mile and a half east of the first one. This mill was a most remarkable one, from the manner in which it was built. The stream here almost doubles on itself, and in the center of the loop is a steep hill. With great originality of conception the builders tunneled through the hill, putting the mill on the lower side and the dam on the upper. By this means they obtained not only a great head of water, but located the mill upon the slope of the hill, far above high water. This plan was probably the first actual adoption of the tunnel headrace for mill purposes in this country, and was a forerunner of the vast power tunnels of the present day. The contractors who blasted the tunnel were two enterprising Englishmen named Allison and Porter, who "just hap- pened along." They occupied six months in the work and received $1,600 for the job. So well did they do their task that the old headrace and the mill foundations are plainly to be seen at the present time.
S. B. Wolf opened his blacksmith shop in Center Valley in 1849 and after his death, in 1872, his son D. E. Wolf continued the busi- ness. . He has, however, now retired from this strenuous vocation.
LATER IMPROVEMENTS
Kelly Station, established in 1860, for many years a noted shipping point on the old Alleg-
Hamilton Kelly, an old steamboatman, who was for years station agent and postmaster here. His sons were also famous on the Allegheny as boatmen. Near this place was formerly located the "Old Pickles Tavern" near the banks of the river at Pickle's Eddy, when in old rafting days it was not unusual for them to feed two hundred raftsmen and store them away as best they could while they united their rafts into fleets. One mile east of Kelly's were situated the old Beatty flour- ing mills, built in 1855, which for many years were a source of great convenience to the surrounding country. The place was named "Neale" a few years ago in honor of the late Judge Neale, and it has long been noted for its ideal country store, which has been handed down from one owner to another for more than fifty years and is now owned by Mr. S. S. Blyholder, who is a prominent officer in the State Grange, and was postmaster till 1900. The Gormans formerly owned a store near this place, which, aside from the postoffice name, has been known as Center Valley.
There are a large number of fraternal so- cieties in this township, but the only one that has built and owns its own hall, a fine frame structure, is the Odd Fellows, who for years have had quite an organization at Center Valley.
This section, like the others, in the southern townships of the county, has the Freeport and other veins of coal, the former having been opened by a drift bank over thirty years ago to furnish coal for engines on the old Alle- gheny Valley Railroad. With the exceptions of some mines in and near Center Valley, this was the only works in operation until in 1902, when a large company was organized by John Achison and chartered as the "Provident Coal Company." After shipping coal and burning coke for a time, owing to financial and other reasons arising from the condition of trade the miners suspended operation until 1912, when, with other business interests in a most flourishing condition, operations were resumed, there being about $100,000 new capital con- tributed. A prosperous period set in for the country in the neighborhood of Kelly Station and Neale, and in fact the whole of Center Valley and surrounding country. A brisk mining town sprang up which, in 1913, prom- ises to add greatly to the importance of Bethel township on the map and the interests of this part of the State, as it opens up a coal field of almost unlimited extent, which affords oppor- tunity for a score of good sites for openings
202
HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
and tipples and siding facilities. T. G. Kelly Calhoun was pastor in 1884. From that date is the storekeeper and postmaster now.
LOGANSPORT
David Earhart of Leechburg. The first church officers were: Joseph Snyder and Samuel Mansfield, elders; Peter Wareham and Jacob Keiffer, deacons. At a later meeting it was decided to build and the following chosen as a building committee: Solomon King, Samuel Mansfield, Jacob Wolf, Samuel Bruner, Lewis Orner, Mathias Wolf and P. Stewart. Sam- gan, who died in 1909, and occupied the fa- uel Mansfield sold the ground to the com- mous old brick dwelling that for so long mittee and they awarded the contract to P. marked the landing for steamboats here. John W. Miller is the postmaster and store- keeper at Logansport.
Most of the names we have designated as early settlers of Gilpin township would apply to this and many other nearby localities, as their descendants have intermarried until they form one great family, reminding one of a composite picture where a hundred or more faces are blended into one.
A store is kept by T. A. Fiscus near the schoolhouse, between Center Valley and Kelly Station.
The resident physician is Dr. Thomas L. Aye, who has his home at Kelly Station, but is almost always traveling over the township on healing missions or in the course of his duties as school commissioner. He is one of the busiest and most popular citizens of the town- ship.
CHURCHES
supplies have been the rule. A second log house followed the first and was replaced by a frame in 1869. It still remains in a good state of preservation. The present pastor is Rev. J. Ash.
An important point in this township is Lo- gansport, on the Allegheny river. For many Bethel Evangelical Lutheran Church was or- years this was only a railroad station, but ganized in 1846, under the pastorate of Rev. within the last ten years a large distillery has been erected there and created quite an in- dustrial impetus, giving work to a large num- ber of people. The distillery is owned by Pittsburgh capitalists, who located here largely on account of the fine quality of water which is so essential in their business. The place was named after the late Squire Thomas Lo-
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