USA > Pennsylvania > Armstrong County > Armstrong County, Pennsylvania her people past and present, embracing a history of the county and a genealogical and biographical record of representative families, Volume I > Part 57
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The remnant that was left of Buffalo town- falo, and Adam Maxwell to the section oppo- ship after Franklin had been taken from it site Ford City. Maxwell was an old Indian fighter and scout and one of the first elders of Slate Lick Presbyterian Church. was divided in 1847 into North and South Buffalo. At the first election after the divi- sion John Boney was elected justice, James In 1796 Samuel and William Green added to the population of the "Green Settlement," and Samuel Kelly, James Cogley, Sr., William Jack, Leonard White, John Cowan, Hugh Cal- len, John Sipe, James Hill, Patrick Callen and James Perry settled at various points. Some of them remained, but a few left after a short trial of the hardships of pioneer life. Claypoole, judge of election; James Kiskad- den and Edward Manso, inspectors; Robert Galbraith, constable; John Barnett and David Beatty, supervisors; James Maxwell and Reu- ben Stonecipher, school directors; Joseph Bullman and John Smith, Jr., auditors ; Ja- cob Arb and John Boney, overseers of the poor ; William Colwell, assessor.
The settlers in this section of Armstrong county were few before 1800, and most of them occupied the portions of this town- ship that were near to the Allegheny or the waters of Buffalo creek. Some of these old- time pioneers are to be found in the following list, which is necessarily incomplete, through lack of reliable records.
The earliest recorded settlement was by John Smith (his right name), who was one of the first justices of the peace in the county. He made an improvement on a tract in the northwestern portion of this township, then in the limits of old Buffalo, in 1793, and set- tled there permanently in 1796. From 1800 to 1803 his house was the election place for those who lived west of the Allegheny. Con- temporary with Smith was Jacob White, whose place of settlement was in the southern corner of the township, at the point on the Allegheny called "White's Eddy." The same year Daniel Green located in the section since called the "Green Settlement," from the many members of that family residing there.
Those coming after the above dates and until 1816 were: James Sloan, Adam Mor- row, William Parks, William Jack, William Mclaughlin, John Campbell, James Hanne- gan, William McAnninch, Matthew Hopkins, Adam Bowser, Benjamin and William White, Jonathan Moore, Hezekiah Claypoole, Peter Hammer, Casper Easley, John Galbraith, An- drew Kennedy, Jonathan Moore, George and John Cornman, David Hall, Sr., John Sipe, James Hill, James Barr, John McKean, Eben S. Kelly, John Duffy.
Other land owners who were not all settlers, but sometimes held the land for speculation, were : James Clemens, William Henry, Jehu Woodward, James H, Claypoole, Robert S. Conner, Samuel J. Bruner, Andrew Bruner, Joseph B. Smith, John and James Green, Wil- liam Kelly, Noah Bowser, Joseph B. Smith, George B. Sloan, Alexis J. Bonnette, Adam Maxwell, Hugh L. Cooper, Robert Adams, Robert McKee, Michael Truby, Thomas J. Roney, David Huston, Robert G. Porterfield, Dr. Thomas Allison, William Barnett, John Harris, Robert Dinsmore, Matthew Cole, Wil-
The year 1794 brought James Rayburn to liam Toy, Alexander McNickle, Hugh C. the section south of the village of South Buf- Black, J. F. Crookshanks, Jeremiah Douze,
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
John Summerville, David Sturgeon, Alexan- two merchants, C. D. Reed and James U. der Colwell, James Milligan, William McCune, Southworth. Jacob White, Nathaniel Torbett, Henry Tor- The first blacksmith in this township, as well bett, John Roudebush, James Kiskadden, as in this section of the county, was Joseph James Matthews, Andrew Kiskadden, Samuel Cogley, who opened a shop in 1805 near the northern limits of this township, on the Alle- gheny. His place was the nearest one to Kittanning in those days. Beatty, Isaac Allsworth, Samuel H. Harrison, Samuel Dumm, John Leister, Peter Shearer, David Griffin, Hugh Harkins, David C. Boggs, Abraham Smith, Edward Wilson, Reuben The first piece of calico introduced into this section was packed from east of the moun- Stonecipher, Henry Fullerton, David Linton, Charles Gense, Edward Manso, William L. tains by William Parke, and was used for Speer, John McDevitt, John Lundy. dresses for his wife and Mrs. James Green.
Dr. Thomas H. Allison, mentioned above, was the pioneer stock raiser of the county, having at one time 48 Jerseys, 16 Shorthorns and 8 Ayrshires on his farm, near the present town of Applewold. After his death the stock was sold and there is no record of similar enterprises to the present time.
Alexis J. Bonnette was consul to Bordeaux, France, in the administration of President Pierce, and Edward Manso was a German homeopathic physician, the first in the county, coming here from the old country in 1812.
EARLY INDUSTRIES
Sawmills were of great importance to the settlers of North Buffalo, and after they had managed to get the land under cultivation and supply their families with the necessities, they were not slow to create these useful institu- tions.
The first sawmill was that of Casper Easley, on Nicholson's run, just north of the present village of Slate Lick, which is near the line in South Buffalo. William Green the same year (1805) put up a mill on Glade run, near the later settlement of "Williamsburg." Another sawmill was also built on Glade run, above Green's, by Jerome S. and Alexis J. Bonnette.
David Hall, Sr., built the first gristmill on Buffalo creek in 1805. His son, David Hall, was later the noted and eloquent pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Indiana, Pa. The next year the gristmill of William Green was built, which was of logs and had unusual features of construction. Green attempted to create a town in his section, naming it "Wil- liamsburg," but the project was a failure, only one lot being sold. All the effect his efforts had was to cause the title "Green's Settlement" to be applied to his neighborhood. A short distance below this mill was located the vil- lage of North Buffalo, the postoffice having been established in 1870, with Miles J. Green in charge. This hamlet has not gained in pop- ulation with the years and at present has but
RELIGIOUS
Hezekiah Claypoole and several other set- tlers were Baptists, and they early made ar- rangements to build a house of worship. An agreement and bond were signed by him and Nathaniel Bowser to give a deed for a half acre at the forks of Nicholson's run, now called "Five Points." On this spot in 1852 the church was erected that is still standing. Before 1810, however, preaching had been held by Rev. Speers, and for some time after dif- ferent traveling preachers served the congre- gation at private houses.
Union Baptist Church was reorganized Oct. 19, 1841, at which time Hezekiah and Lucinda Claypoole, Archibald and Rachel Moore, Mary Geary, Mary Hazlett and Mary Bowser were among the members, who remained from the original organization. Other members were James H. Claypoole and his wife Isabella, Da- vid Campbell and wife, Joseph Claypoole and wife, Mary Claypoole, James Jack, Mary Ann Jack, Reuben McKenna, Hannah Claypoole, Sarah Jane Price, John Cook. Upon the 18th of April, 1846, twenty members withdrew and formed the Franklin church. The present pastor is Rev. A. F. Schumaker.
In the northeast part of this township, at the forks of Glade run, is the hamlet of "Cen- ter Hill," surrounding the Dunkard church and cemetery. This church was organized about 1820. Services were at first held in pri- vate houses. Rev. George Hoke was the first pastor. Adam, David and Joseph Bowser and their wives and Elizabeth Swighart were some of the original twelve members. The pres- ent church edifice, frame, one-story, 40 by 48 feet, was erected in 1861. Members in 1876, 40; Sabbath school scholars, 35. Rev. J. B. Wampler was the last pastor. There are now no regular services here.
There is a schoolhouse on the public road, nearly forty rods southeast of the crossroads, in the immediate vicinity of the Dunkard church.
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Chambers T. Bowser was first assessed here as a blacksmith in 1871, and J. F. Crookshanks as a merchant in 1872.
The Guardian
Angel Roman Catholic Church was organized in 1825 by Father A. A. Lambing, a native of Manor township. The levied for school and building purposes, $2,- little building used by the congregation is 581.45; received from State appropriation, $343.17 ; from taxes, etc., $2,272.77 ; teachers' wages, $1,815; fuel, etc., $207.80. located in the Easley settlement, just north of the line of South Buffalo, and has no regu- lar resident pastor. For a time Father Lamb- ing served the people here, but the charge was later transferred to the care of the Capuchins, who have a monastery in Herman, Butler county. Father Beno, from the monastery, gives his services to that church on alternate Sabbaths, the other days holding Mass at Rough Run, just over the line in Butler county.
The Methodist Church at North Buffalo village is served occasionally by Rev. M. R. Hackman of Ford City.
SCHOOLS
There was, in the course of three or four years, a sufficient number of children in "the Green settlement" and vicinity for a school. So the first schoolhouse within what is now North Buffalo township was erected on the above-mentioned second tract, settled by James Green. It was a log structure, 16 feet square, and finished and furnished like other prim- itive temples of knowledge described in the general sketch of this county. Benjamin Biggs was the first teacher in that house, who taught spelling, reading, writing and about the first half of arithmetic. The textbooks in orthog- raphy and reading were Dillworth's spelling book, the Testament and the Bible. Another log schoolhouse, with clapboard doors, was soon afterward built in place of the first one about ten rods northeast of it.
The next schoolhouse after that on the James Green tract was a log one, with clap- board roof, was built on this tract about 1812, and John Harris was the first teacher there. Schools had been taught in private houses be- fore its erection.
In 1860-Number of schools, 6; average number months taught, 4; male teachers, 3; female teachers, 3; average salaries of both male and female teachers, $18.33 ; male schol- ars, 180: female scholars, 166; average num- ber attending school, 220; cost monthly for each scholar, 35 cents : levied for school pur- poses, $513.95; levied for building purposes, $308.37 : received from State appropriation, $77.22; from collectors, $468.25; cost of in- struction, $440; fuel, etc., $38.23.
In 1876-Number of schools, 6; average number of months taught, 5 ; male teachers, 6; average monthly salaries, $33; male scholars, 250; female scholars, 258; average number attending school, 337 ; cost per month, 78 cents ;
In 1913 the number of schools was: 7; months taught, 7; male teachers, 5; female teachers, 3; average salaries, male, $42; fe- male, $41.66; male scholars, 123; female scholars, 94 ; average attendance, 156; cost per month, each scholar, $2.52; tax levied, $1,- 911.41 ; received from State, $1,414.82; other sources, $2,517.67 ; value of schoolhouse, $10,- 000 ; teachers' wages, $2,345 ; other expenses, $1,485.81.
The school directors are: E. E. Clay- poole, president ; Rev. A. F. Schumaker, secre- tary; Harvey Claypoole, treasurer ; Harvey Jack, W. B. Colwell.
There are no important towns or large set- tlements in North Buffalo. The Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company of Ford City have a large sand plant on the Allegheny, near North Buffalo, with a grinding mill, mines and a telephone line across the river to the main plant. With the exception of a few superin- tendents, the entire population of sixty-three men at the sand plant are foreigners, un- naturalized.
POPULATION
The population of this township in 1850 was 916; in 1860, 1,175; in 1870, 1,057; in 1880, 1,216; in 1890, 1,108; in 1900, 1,089 ; in 1910, 1,120.
According to the mercantile appraisers' list there were 3 merchants of the fourteenth class in this township in 1876. According to assess- ment list for the same year, those of other occupations, except agricultural, were: La- borers, 32: blacksmiths, 2: carpenters, 4; school teachers, 3; wagonmaker, I ; miners, 2; plasterers. 2 ; stonecutter, I.
The assessment returns for 1913 show : Number of acres clear, 10,488, timber, 4,234. valued at, $246,213 : houses and lots, 42, valued at, $6,405, average, $152.50 ; horses, 273, value, $10.760, average, $39.41 ; cows, 283. value, $3.990, average, $14.09; taxable occupations, 427, amount $6,490 ; total valuation, $341,494. Money at interest, $73.517.
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
GEOLOGICAL
Buffalo furnace. The Clarion coal is also here above water level, 3 feet thick, which
The surface rocks here consist of lower bar- yields indifferent coal. The upper Freeport rens and lower productives, nearly 300 feet coal is nearly obscure throughout almost the
entire township. The lower Kittanning coal is above the water level for a brief interval along Buffalo creek in the region of Buffalo fur- nace and elsewhere along the Allegheny, below the mouth of Glade run, and under the stream beds elsewhere in the township.
of the barrens being here represented, and covering the highlands about Slate Lick with smooth argillaceous shales. The hills along the river front are more forbidding in conse- quence of the massive condition of the Free- port sandstone which overlies the lower Kit- tanning coal. The ferriferous limestone is The Boggsville anticlinal axis runs length- wise through the township from northeast to southwest. It passes close to Center Hill; thence southward into South Buffalo township. The dips are gentle. above water level in this township only along Rough run and Buffalo creek, where it rises above the level of the stream beds in obedience to the Craigsville anticlinal extending here across the Butler county line. The limestone The highest point in the township is west tle Glade runs, and is 1,431 feet above the sea. is from 15 to 18 feet thick, with the buhrstone of Center Hill, between Marrowbone and Lit- ore in place. It was once operated there for
CHAPTER XLIV
SOUTH BUFFALO TOWNSHIP
REDUCED IN SIZE-INDIAN RAIDS-NOTED PIONEERS-MILLS AND MANUFACTURES-CLINTON - MCVILL-SLATE LICK-OLDEST CHURCH IN THE COUNTY-SLATE LICK CLASSICAL INSTITUTE - CHURCHES -ONLY CUMBERLAND CHURCH IN THE COUNTY-FIRST MASONIC LODGE- SCHOOLHOUSES-POPULATION-GEOLOGY
The division of the old township of Buffalo into two parts left but a small portion of the territory to South Buffalo in 1847. However, the portion left is of considerable historical interest, and includes the thriving borough of Freeport.
The settlers who first made their homes in this section of Armstrong county were few, most of them locating along the streams. One of the first was John Harbison, whose wife, "Massey," was the heroine of an Indian raid, an account of which will be found elsewhere. Harbison must have arrived some time before 1804, as he was assessed in that year with a sawmill, located on Buffalo creek, above the present site of Freeport. Near here was the distillery of William Hazlitt, built in 1807.
John Craig and Charles Sipes settled about 1795 near the present village of McIntyre. Craig combined the harmonious occupations of distiller and justice of the peace. A store was kept here in 1792 by James Mehaffey, at the point later called "Murphy's Bend."
Samuel Murphy, after whom the above point was named, came here in 1795. He was a "Wild Irishman," and a noted soldier and scout, being one of the members of the Earl of Dunmore's expedition in 1774.
Other settlers of the time previous to 1800 were James Kincaid, Stephen Mehaffey, James Penney, Jacob White, Robert Fleming, Wendel Stoup, Frederick Razer, Aaron Wor, Jacob Everhart, Nicholas Best.
Many of the owners of the lands in this township merely held them for speculation, and in several cases the property was repeat- edly sold at different periods before actual set- tlement was made. Perhaps the most inter- esting of the early landowners was the illus- trious Benjamin Franklin, who purchased in 1787, at the Merchants' Coffee House in Phila- delphia, ten depreciation lots, all in the north- ern part of this township, adjoining Butler county. With his usual business instinct, he seems to have afterward sold them at a good profit.
PIONEER INDUSTRIES
Besides the mills above mentioned there were others erected at different dates in other parts of the township. Robert McCormish had a gristmill near the site of Boggsville in 1803, Jacob Cristman's was located on Nicholson's run in 1811, Andrew McCaslin built his in 1849 on the run near McVill, Eli Myers located in 1811 on Buffalo creek, and James
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Bole was the owner in 1819 of the mill near Townsend, D. H. Sloan, John H. Aughey, J. the site of Freeport. J. Francis, from 1867 to 1872. Rev. D. H.
Sawmills were built by William Girt in 1815, Sloan then returned and assumed charge, re- maining until 1896. Following came Revs. W. L. Oliver, 1896-99; D. T. Scott, 1901-06; A. B. Elliot, 1908-12. Rev. Walter Kennedy, of Johnetta Memorial Church, is the stated sup- ply at present.
near Freeport; John Atkinson in 1842, on Big run; John Hill, in 1840, on the run named after him; John A. Patterson, on Pine run, in 1850; Nicholas Bricker, in 1830, near Boggs- ville; and Martin Wackerlie, in 1870, on Buf- falo creek.
Near Slate Lick Nicholas Best had a pot- tery from 1843 to 1845. One of the pioneers, James Dougherty, was quite an enterprising man for his time. He brought the first wagon into this part of the county, built the first windmill and made hatchets and nails for his neighbors. His home was near the old block- house south of McVill, on the Allegheny.
CLINTON VILLAGE
This attractive site was settled soon after 1800, and the town of Clinton was laid out in 1830 by Enos McBride. For a number of years this town has been about the same size as at first, the population being of the retired farmer class. At one time hopes were held that the country buildings would be located here.
A little group of eleven members formed the first congregation of Clinton Presbyterian Church in 1852. They were Robert G. Mahaf- fey and wife, Margaret, Daniel Fry and wife, Elizabeth, Samuel Mahaffey and wife, Lydia Ann, Robert Patterson and wife, Martha, Francis Stuart, David G. Stuart and wife, Elizabeth.
Previous to this organization they had made an agreement with the few Lutherans in the village to erect a union house of worship, so in the year before Rev. David Earhart laid the cornerstone of the small frame building in which they met to form a corporate body.
The Lutherans had preceded them by a year in organization. Until 1860 this harmonious agreement was carried out, each congregation taking alternate Sundays for its own, but
Lutherans, with Christian amity, agreed to abandon their share in the property and the old church was replaced with the present neat frame structure.
The first Presbyterian pastor was Rev. George Cairns, from 1853 to 1856. For four years there was a vacancy and then supplies were made by Revs. S. A. Hughes, D. W.
The ruling elders are Joseph Hudson, F. M. Campbell, S. L. Redick and C. J. Bush. The trustees are James Arner, Edward Wolfe and Elmer Stepp.
The Lutheran Church was organized by Rev. David Earhart, Aug. 13, 1851, and had only occasional services after 1860, while the members connected themselves with other churches. The present church edifice is a neat frame structure 36 by 56 feet including a vestibule 9 feet wide.
It was begun in the fall of 1875 and com- pleted in the spring of 1876, and is tastefully finished and furnished. The house and furni- ture cost about $2.500. The congregation is served by Rev. Herbert Martins, of the Free- port Church.
In 1843 this town contained five taxables, with the corresponding population, including three mechanics, viz .: Robert Graham, car- penter ; Samuel Patterson, wagonmaker, and David Whitehead, cooper, and twelve seated lots. There appear to have been about 28 tax- ables here in 1858, including 3 carpenters, I cooper, I shoemaker, and I stonemason.
According to the assessment list for 1876, the number of taxables appears to be 44: La- borers, 19 : boatmen, 2 : old man, I ; farmer, I ; storekeeper, I : stonemason, I.
The storekeepers in 1913 are W. K. Hudson and James H. Truby.
MCVILL
The McVill post office was established May 5, 1864, Robert McCaslin postmaster. The same year John Boyd opened his store finally the Lutherans became so few in num- about thirty-five rods northwest of the steam bers as to find it impossible to secure a min- mill on the west side of Nicholson's run. The isterial supply. By 1875 the building had first and only resident clergyman at McVill fallen into a state of disrepair and a new one
was proposed by the Presbyterians. The here in 1868. The present storekeeper and
was Rev. Jacob F. Dean. Baptist, who settled postmaster is J. V. Shaffer.
BOGGSVILLE
At the junction of Cornplanter's run and Buffalo creek was located the sawmill and gristmill of Jacob Bricker in 1800. Here a number of other settlers came after that date,
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
the town of Boggsville being the result. 1872-73; Rev. B. F. Boyle, 1873-82 ; Rev. John Barnes & Sloan were the owners of the mills C. McCracken, 1882. The present pastor is in 1875. In 1880 David C. Boggs bought them. Rev. George Stewart, of Freeport, who has in addition the care of Shrader's Grove Church. and added steam power, putting in new ma- chinery. He was the first postmaster here in 1800, the town being named after him.
The first church here was the "Blue Slate Church," used by both the Lutheran and Re- formed congregations, in 1807. The services were at first in German, but later St. Matthew's Church was organized and the English lan- guage took its place. The history of St. Matthew's is given in a later paragraph.
The Pennsylvania railroad has a branch line into the town from Freeport.
The different resident physicians here have been Dr. Ellis Simpkins, 1846; Dr. John Ken- nedy, 1860 ; Drs. Robert McClelland and A. D. Johnston, 1868.
SLATE LICK
This village is noted as the site of the first Presbyterian congregation in Armstrong coun- ty, and is situated almost on the line of East Franklin township. The first postmaster here was George F. Keener, in 1837. J. E. Boyd held the office in 1876. John Brown was the pioneer storekeeper here in 1858. Here also was located in early days the second school- house in the township.
This stronghold of the Presbyterian denomi- nation had its inception in 1802, when steps were taken by the widely separated settlers to organize for worship and religious communion. This was the first date at which attention was called to this little circle of Presbyterians, al- though it is believed that they had held serv- ices as early as 1798. At that time there was no church edifice of this denomination in Arm- strong county, so a subscription paper was made up and a call issued for a pastor. The call was answered by Rev. John Boyd, who served until 1810, the respect in which he was held being evidenced by the title given the church in those days of "Boyd's Lower Meet- inghouse."
After his departure the church was depend- ent upon supplies for five years, when another call was issued, to Rev. John Reddick, who came in 1815 and remained until 1848, when infirmities caused him to ask to be relieved. He died in 1850 and was buried near the church he had served so long and faithfully.
The first church was a log one, date of erec- tion not known. It was replaced in 1830 by a brick edifice, the bricks being burned at the spot where the operations of erection were carried on. James Hill, John Rea and James Smith were the building committee. This structure, owing probably to its "home-made" bricks, was found unsafe, at one time the floor gave way, the ceiling cracked, and the walls showed signs of falling. This occurred while services were in operation and caused such a panic as to result in the injury of several persons in the rush for exit. After this, al- though repaired and occupied, the congrega- tion did not feel safe in holding constant serv- ices in it, and in 1843 tore it down and put up a frame structure. This building was used until 1869 and was then sold to George B. Sloan, who used the materials to build the Slate Lick Classical Institute.
The present building, brick, 65 by 44 feet, is the result of the efforts of John Boyd, John Graham and David Robison, the building committee, under whose auspices it was erected in 1871-72. The total cost was $7,600. Further details of this congregation will be found in the general church history of the county.
SLATE LICK CLASSICAL INSTITUTE
This school was started in 1865 with Rev. David S. Tappan as principal. He was a graduate of the Western Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church and he was so popular as a teacher that for a time the school was called "Tappan's Institute." A perma- nent organization was made in 1866, a board of trustees elected and the name "Slate Lick Classical Institute" adopted. The first trus- tees are not known, but among them were probably Rev. T. C. Anderson, James Ray- burn, David and Robert McCaslin, A. F. Boyd and James Brown.
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