USA > Pennsylvania > Armstrong County > Armstrong County, Pennsylvania her people past and present, embracing a history of the county and a genealogical and biographical record of representative families, Volume I > Part 49
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The isolation of this part of the county and the frequent incursions of the Indians pre- vented the settlement of Red Bank township till long after other parts had been well sup- plied with homesteaders.
Philip Mechling, who died in 1883, remem- bers seeing but one house between Yost Smith's ferry on the Red Bank, in the north- western part, and Martin's ferry, on the Ma- honing, in the southeastern part, of this town- ship, as he passed from one to the other when he was collecting the United States internal revenue tax in 1817-18, which was in the vicin- ity of the latter ferry. There was but a slight increase of population throughout this town- ship until after the resumption of the sale of the Holland Lands in 1830.
One of the first settlers on Red Bank was Yost Smith, in 1807, who located at the point where once existed an Indian village called "Old Town." Smith's place was a popular resort for lumbermen in the early days of raft- ing, owing to the brand of whiskey dispensed by him and the excellent cooking of his wife.
Peter Stone settled near Smith's in 1815 and ran a ferry at that point until 1827.
A ferry on the Mahoning near the present town of Independence was established in 1803 by Hugh Martin. His outfit consisted of one canoe, and the assessors did not deem it of sufficient value to assess it.
A flaxseed oil mill was erected by William Freas in 1825 on Red Bank creek and operated until 1834. The first gristmill was put in operation in 1836 by Adam Beck, on the Ma- honing near the site of the present town of Eddyville. He afterward added a distillery.
In 1833 Isaac Redinger put up a sawmill near the present site of North Freedom. An- other mill was operated in 1849 by McCrea & Galbraith on the Mahoning, near the site of Phoenix furnace. Daniel Hough started the first tannery in 1842. Salt works were worked
Phoenix furnace was located in 1846 near the eastern line of the township, close to the corners of Jefferson and Indiana counties, on the Mahoning. The first owners were Henry Smith, W. B. Travis, Jonathan Grider and Andrew G. Workman. It was operated in 1849 by Smith & Guthrie, and in 1850 by George B. McFarland. This furnace was dis- tinguished from its use of the red hematite ore found near Milton on the lands of Hugh Allen and Wesley Coleman. This ore was lean and of poorer quality than the buhrstone usually available elsewhere, so, lacking the latter and dependent entirely upon the former, the furnace was closed down in 1853, after an unsuccessful run. The methods of opera- tion were similar to those of the other fur- naces in the county.
McCrea furnace was built in 1857 by Mc- Crea & Galbraith on the Mahoning. It was similar to the Phoenix and ran the same course, with the exception of using buhrstone ore. The town of McCrea furnace marks its site.
"PRESQUE ISLE"
The first attempt at founding a town was made by Archibald Glenn, who, in 1844, laid out the village of Presque Isle, probably named from the fort of that name located in 1753 at the present site of Erie. James Stewart plat- ted the prospective town, and the first house was erected in 1852. Assessment lists are poor sources of information regarding the location of a place, for there are no definite details respecting "Presque Isle City," as it was called in 1853, to be obtained from the books of that year, and until 1858, when the last report was made. From statements of early settlers this little place is supposed to have been located on or near the present settlement of McGre- gor. For some reason the projected town did not grow. It reached its greatest size in 1858, when the taxables were fifteen and property valuation $1,303. The next year, however, the taxables were only two and the valuation $283. Thereafter, like a ghost, it disappeared from the rolls and the memory of the "oldest inhabitant."
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
PIERCE OR "NEW SALEM"
In 1827 Tobias Shick settled on the tract north of the center of the township on the west end of which in 1850 was laid out the a dozen houses. town of New Salem. The first separate as- sessment was for the year of 1853, when there were one church, one physician-Dr. Alex. P. Albright, a "Know Nothing," one carpenter and seventeen other taxables. The total valuation then was $1,270.
The Evangelical, or "Albright Methodist," called the Salem Church, at this place was or- ganized by Rev. Daniel Long about 1851, and its frame edifice was erected the next year, when the membership was about fifty. In 1876 it was 400, and they owned a parson- age. Services were held here occasionally in later years.
The United Evangelical Lutheran Church is also located here, the building having been erected in 1893. The pastor now is Rev. J. T. Shaffer.
The first dwelling house (including a store- room) was built by Jonathan Houpt, the sec- ond by Peter Aulenbaucher, and the third by William Buffington and Adam Miller. The Pierce post office was established here Dec. 14, 1857, Solomon Wyant postmaster, whose successors up to 1876 were William Buffing- ton and Peter Hoch. The latter is still in business here. The present postmaster is Wil- liam H. Copenhaver. Another storekeeper is W. E. Miller.
The assessment list for 1876 shows: Preacher. I ; school teacher, I ; blacksmiths, 2: shoemakers, 2. Number of taxables, 23, rep- resenting a population of 105. One of the citi- zens of this place, William Buffington, was elected county commissioner in 1872, and re- elected in 1875. One of the Red Bank dis- trict schoolhouses is situated in the upper part of this town, a short distance west of the church, near the intersection of the public roads.
EDDYVILLE
At the juncture of Pine run and the Ma- honing is an eddy which was called Kuhn's Eddy, from John Kuhn, who settled there in 1838 and built a sawmill, which was after- ward successively the property of Isaac But- ler, James E. Brown, Adam Beck. Francis Dobbs, John Bechtel, Jeremiah Bonner and George D. Smith, up to 1872. Just previous to Kuhn's settlement Adam Beck had put up a gristmill near the same location.
These industries attracted settlers, and in
1857 the town of Eddyville was established with Turney S. Orr as postmaster. In 1876 it had, besides the two mills, a distillery, a store, a boatyard, a blacksmith shop and about
St. Mark's Evangelical Lutheran Church was organized as a union congregation be- tween 1839 and 1842. The exact date is not known. At that time Rev. Jacob F. Diefen- bacher, a Reformed clergyman, ministered to the congregation. His successor was Rev. John Althouse, of the same denomination. The first Lutheran pastor was Rev. John G. Young, who preached occasionally in the Ger- man language, between 1848 and 1864. Serv- ices were held in the home of J. D. Smith. one and a half miles north of Eddyville. Two Sunday schools were operated, one in Fore- man's schoolhouse, under Archie Glenn, and the other in Fleming's schoolhouse, nearer town, under the charge of Mr. Fleming. When the first church was built Mr. Glenn assumed the entire charge of the school. In 1900 Rev. Charles E. Berkey reorganized the school as a strictly Lutheran one.
Among the earliest members of the congre- gation were the Nulf, Smith, Beck, Dauben- specht, Long. Holibaugh, Rugh and Rum- baugh families. A complete list is not at hand. About 1865 the two denominations erected their first home, a wooden one. It was used until 1903, when the Lutherans withdrew and built a $3,000 church at Eddyville. The Re- formed congregation rebuilt the church and remained at the old location, which is on the hill above the Mahoning creek, in Mahoning township. This church is served by Rev. H. S. Garner of Dayton.
The pastors of the Lutherans have been Revs. J. G. Young, 1848-64; Henry Gathers, 1864-68; H. Fetzer, 1868-71; W. E. Crebs, IS71-73; David Townsend, 1873-75: Wilson Selner, 1875-81 : Elias A. Best, 1883-86; va- cant from 1886 to 1893; William J. Bucher, 1893-97; F. J. Matter, 1897-1900; C. E. Berkey, 1900-03; \V. B. Clancey, 1903-10. The present pastor is Rev. William E. Sunday. The church membership is 40, and the Sab- bath school, 50.
INDEPENDENCE
The year 1855 saw the birth of this town, which is located in the deep bend of the Ma- honing at the extreme southern end of the township, cutting a corner out of Wayne township. By the assessment rolls of 1850 it contained five taxables, one sawmill. a
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
foundry and a blacksmith shop. The valua- denominations jointly. The first Lutheran pas- tion that year was $1,245. The last separate tor was Rev. J. G. Young and the Reformed, assessment the next year gave practically the Rev. L. D. Lateman. The joint building com- same figures. Michael Hileman built the saw- mittee was composed of George Coleman and Peter Minnick, Lutheran, and John Shirey and Jacob Zeats, Reformed. These congrega- tions have since divided and built separate homes. George W. Baughman is the present storekeeper. The pastor of the Reformed church is H. A. Hartman. The Lutheran church is not in use now. mill in 1853. Isaac Hopkins started the foun- dry in 1852. These industries were suc- cessively owned by Glenn, Hopkins & Co., 1859; E. V. Thomas, 1861 ; Hopkins & Lamb, 1865, and Hopkins & Thompson, 1867-78. Michael Smith operates the foundry now, pro- ducing stove castings and doing general re- pairs. There are few houses there now, and no stores or churches. Milton, Wayne town- OAK RIDGE ship, across the creek, supplies the inhabitants with the necessities of life.
MC WILLIAMS OR "CHARLESTON"
The fine mill site at the junction of Mud- lick creek and Pine creek attracted the atten- tion of Adam Smith in 1854 and here he built a dam, ran a sluice over the edge of a hill and erected a gristmill in the forks, adding soon thereafter a store. He had settled here in 1830 and by 1844 his house was the place of holding township elections. According to the assessment list of 1862 the town which had grown up at this point was called "Charles- ton," and contained the mill, ten dwellings, a schoolhouse, sawmill, blacksmith shop and a distillery, owned by John W. Smith & Bro. In 1864 the gristmill was owned by Charles W. Ellenberger. It was later run by W. M. Brocius, but is now idle. The sawmill was also operated by Brocius, who sold it to the Andrews Lumber Company, they operating it till 1907.
The present town is called McWilliams and consists of eight dwelling houses, a store kept by N. M. Richards, a church and a school- house. The United Evangelical church was built in 1894 and the present pastor is Rev. Robert Schaffer.
None of the industries are now in operation and the dam has been destroyed.
NORTH FREEDOM
The tract on which the flourishing town of North Freedom is situated was settled in 1833 by Isaac Redinger, who built the sawmill there. In 1871 Jonathan Yount founded the town and named it. Its site is in the north- eastern corner of the township, on the Jeffer- son county line. In 1880 it contained about twenty houses, a postoffice (established in 1878), two stores and a church, erected in 1848 by the German Reformed and Lutheran
This attractive little town is built on the southern shore of Red Bank creek, in the northwest corner of this township. The name is singularly appropriate, even at the present date, for all of the great oaks of the past are not yet cut away, a few remaining to uphold the honor of the name.
Emanuel Evangelical church is situated near this town. It was built in 1851, is of brick and quite well preserved. The building com- mittee of the date of its birth were George Coleman, Philip Houpt, Jacob Shelly and Ja- cob Shick, and the first pastor was Rev. J. G. Young. Occasional services are held there now.
This section is quite an educational center, having three schools in a radius of three miles, and much rivalry is exhibited in the competi- tion for first position on the monthly reports. The teachers at present session are Miss Emma Brocius, No. 1 ; Miss Margaret Robinson, No. 2; Mr. W. Drummond, No. 3.
M. F. Smith is the postmaster at Oak Ridge and David Wolff has the principal store here.
MUDLICK
This settlement, which will probably grow into a town in a few years, was started in 1913 by the opening of the Cobaugh Colliery Com- pany's mines, which were idle for eight years past. The former owners worked out four veins and abandoned operations owing to fail- ure to obtain new leases. Their rights and plant have been purchased by the Pine Run Coal Company, who are preparing to open several new mines and are building homes for the operatives. Two enterprising young men, D. B. Procius of New Bethlehem, and M. M. Shick of Mudlick, have opened the first store at the latter place.
STATISTICS
The assessment list of this township, exclu- sive of Freedom, Milton and New Salem, for
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
1876, exclusive of farmers, shows: County teachers, 9; average salaries, male, $43.33; female, $45.55; male scholars, 269; female scholars, 245; average attendance, 349; cost superintendent, I ; physician, I; school teach- ers, 2; blacksmiths, 4; carpenters, 3; mer- chant, 1; mason, I; millers, 2; machinist, I; per month, each scholar, $1.53; tax levied, laborers, 10; wagonmaker, I. According to the mercantile appraiser's list there were five merchants, all in the fourteenth class.
The first census taken after Red Bank town- ship was reduced to its present area by the or- ganization of other townships was that of 1860, which shows its population then to have been : White, 1,304; colored, I. In 1870: native, Geist. 1,335; foreign, 6. The number of taxables, including those of the above-mentioned towns, in 1876, was 376, representing a population of 1,729.
In 1890 the population was 1,892; in 1900 it was 2,289; and in 1910 it was 2,079.
The assessment returns for 1913 show : Number of acres, timber, 5,526, cleared, 13,- 602, valued at $206,706; houses and lots, 232, value, $37,165, average, $160.19; horses, 394, value, $19,380, average, $49.18; cows, 409, value, $5,858, average, $14.32 ; taxable occu- pations, 641, amount, $12,025; total valua- tion, $285,601. Money at interest, $42,94I.
SCHOOLS
The first little log schoolhouse in the town- ship was on Red Bank creek, near the present town of Oak Ridge, and was built in 1828. Another was put up on the site of the present one at North Freedom in 1833.
In 1860 the number of schools was 10; aver- age number months taught, 4; male teachers, 8; female, 2; average salaries male teachers per month, $17; female teachers, $17; male scholars, 240; female scholars, 200; average number attending school, 266; cost of teaching each scholar per month, 43 cents ; amount lev- ied for school purposes, $900; received from State appropriation, $79.59; from collectors, $1,200; cost of instruction, $664; fuel, etc., $90; repairing schoolhouses, etc., $40.
In 1876 the number of schools was 12; aver- age number of months taught, 5; male teach- ers, 12; average monthly salaries, $27.50; male scholars, 241 ; female scholars, 244 ; aver- age number attending school, 343; cost per month, 70 cents ; amount tax levied for school and building purposes, $1,772.84; received from State appropriation, $314.31 ; from taxes and other sources, $1,973.04; cost of school- houses, repairs, etc., $88.68: paid teachers' wages, $1,625 ; fuel, etc., $228.30.
In 1913 the number of schools was 15; the water level of the Mahoning along the months taught, 7; male teachers, 6; female
$3,061.73; received from State, $3,263.06; other sources, $3,571.26; value of school- houses, $9,000 ; teachers' wages, $4,690; other expenses, $1,218.81.
The school directors are: H. E. Gru- ver, president; C. E. Shaffer, secretary ; R. H. F. Miller, treasurer; David Wolfe, B. F.
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE
The geological features of this township are generally indicated by the following section, obtained above Smith's sawmill on Pine run : Sandstone, 10 feet; upper Freeport coal, 5 feet, 8 inches; olive shale, 10 feet ; Freeport sandstone, blue shale, 10 feet ; lower Freeport coal, shale, 5 feet; sandstone (Freeport), 73 feet ; black slate, four feet; Kittanning coal, 3 feet ; olive shale, 20 feet ; ferriferous limestone, 8 feet ; 80 feet above the run by estimation.
Furthermore, near the forks of the Mahoning and Little Mahoning the Freeport limestone appears eighty feet above the water. At the crossing of the Elderton road, over the Mahon- ing creek, the strata begin to dip more steeply and soon the ferriferous limestone and its overlying Kittanning coal rise from the water. The upper Freeport coal is seen a little east of the road, 150 or 200 feet above the creek, the Freeport limestone occurring at a lower level opposite. The Greendale anticlinal crosses somewhat below Glade run, but so rapidly does it decline, like all the others, to the southwest, that on the Cowanshannock it does not lift the ferriferous limestone to water level, although where the axis crosses the Mahoning that bed is at a considerable height in the hillsides.
The rocks here represented above water level belong mainly to the lower productive group, the lower barrens being scarcely seen at all within the limits of the township. The conglomerate and sub-conglomerate rocks make the lower portions of the slopes along Mahoning creek, as explained in the sketch of Wayne township, and the same rocks are seen occupying the same positions past Eddy- ville and so on to the mouth of Little Mud Lick. Similar conditions prevail along Red. Bank creek, but the structure necessitates a much less area for their exposure there. Thus the ferriferous limestone remains high above southern edge of the township, while along
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
the Red Bank it gradually approaches the farmers. The cannel portions of the bed are creek, which it finally touches below McWil- from ten to twelve feet thick, and here and liams. Very little of the upper Freeport coal is there quite good, though very slaty. The whole nature of the deposit makes the bed un- reliable in point of persistency. The lower Kittanning coal is three feet thick. The fer- riferous limestone is from eight to ten feet thick, and so favorably situated on the hills that it can be cheaply worked for quarry lime. Little use of it has, however, been made. represented, there being only a few isolated knobs high enough to hold it. A few such knobs are found southeast of Pierce, a few more west of this village, while at the western edge of the township the coal is brought down from its high level to dip under the western side of the valley of Little Mud Lick. Wher- ever found it is a workable coal-bed and is
The elevation above ocean level at Mays- usually accompanied by its limestone. The ville is 1, 107 feet ; at Pine run, 1, 100; at Mill- lower Freeport coal is also present but unim- ville, 1,092; at Indiantown run, 1,089 feet. portant. The upper Kittanning coal here as- sumes its cannel feature over a considerable area, and it has been repeatedly opened by the
The loftiest point in the township is reached near Camp run, in the western end, and is 1,566 feet above the sea.
CHAPTER XXXIV -!
MAHONING TOWNSHIP
ORIGIN OF NAME-SETTLERS AND LANDOWNERS-AN OLD COUPLE-MAHONING FURNACE-PUT- NEYVILLE-OAKLAND,"BOSTONIA" MINE-SOUTH BETHLEHEM - RELIGIOUS - MODERN IN- DUSTRIES-SCHOOLS-GEOLOGY
Named after the creek which winds its way E. Brown, Jacob Hettrick, Robert Cathcart, through the southern portion, this township John Moorhead, Dr. W. S. Hosack, James Parker, Stofel Reichard, Edward Blakeny, Robert Blakeny, Arthur Bryan, George Bryan, William Smullin, Thomas Park, Isaac Ander- son, Jeremiah Murray, George Roberts, Jacob Anthony, John Edwards, Jacob Nulf, Adam Nulf, George Smith, Andrew Foreman, Rheu- ben Huffman, John Doverspike (in German, Daubenspecht), David McCullough, David Putney, Lewis Daubenspecht, James McMil- len, Jacob Anthony, Benjamin Price, David Gumbert, James Bleakeney, George W. Go- heen, Joseph Hettrick, John McCauley, Sam- uel Adams, Samuel W. Kinney, Joseph K. Wright, Conrad Lamberson, Daniel Reedy. was established in 1851, being formed from parts of Madison, Pine, Wayne and Red Bank townships, and contains about twenty-five square miles. The first election resulted as follows : William R. Hamilton, judge of elec- tion ; John Sheridan, John McCauley, inspect- ors of election; Samuel Ferguson, assessor ; John A. Colwell, Alexander Cathcart, assist- ants ; William Smullin, Thomas Buzzard, sup- ervisors ; Milton Osbein, clerk ; David Putney, R. C. Williamson, John Sheridan, auditors ; J. W. Powell, J. J. Wich, James Stockdill, John Shumaker, James Lee, Thomas Buzzard, school directors; Peter Shumaker, John Duff, overseers of the poor; James T. Putney, jus- tice of the peace; Absalom Smullin, constable.
The earliest white settlers were William R. Hamilton and John Kuhn, who established themselves at Camp run, near the Mahoning, not far from the site of Putneyville, about 1787. They called the run "Camp run," from an Indian camp which was used for some time after they came to this section. It seemed to be an old resort for the savages, as there was a large cavity near there where the coal had been burned away, probably by some ancient campfire.
SETTLERS
The first settlers and landowners of this town- ship were: William R. Hamilton, John Kuhn, George Weinberg, William Benton, Abraham Mohoney, Rev. John G. Young, John A. Col- well, William Procius, John Counselman, John McClelland, Stephen B. Young, Samuel S. Harrison, William Horn, Alexander Cathcart, Adam Nulf built a cabin about 1799 on the Mahoning, near the present site of Caldwell, and also set out an orchard, which was still Henry D. Foster, Mrs. Elizabeth Hewitt, Rob- ert Ferguson, John Duff, Samuel Ferguson, Alexander Colwell, Thomas McConnell, James bearing in 1885. Casper Nulf, a brother, set-
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
tled on the Mahoning near the present village bridge spanned the creek. But this furnace of Eddyville, in 1808. He died in 1837, his and its surrounding settlement have gone the way of all the rest of the old iron industries, and at the present time the only evidence of the once busy hive of industry is a pile of stone and a heap of slag and cinder. wife preceding him the previous year. The Kittanning Gasette of the year 1837, in a notice of their deaths, said: "Died, February I, 1837, Casper Nulf, aged 103 years, and on November 11, 1836, Phoebe, his wife, aged The little town of "Caldwell" is situated slightly east of the site of the furnace and is comparatively prosperous since the opening of the Shawmut railroad through this section. The railroad crosses the creek both above and below the town. 103 years. They had lived together more than eighty years, and were the parents of eighteen children. Their descendants are believed to number three hundred. They had supported themselves by their own industry until within three years of their deaths." In the little Smith burying ground, on the side of a hill PUTNEYVILLE near Eddyville, are their graves, marked with almost undecipherable tombstones, and sur- rounded by a stone wall.
James Parker, who settled on the Mahoning west of Putneyville, in 1805, located near a place called by the Indians "Fish-basket," from the immense schools of fish that were to be found there in early days before the mines and mills had polluted the waters and killed their inhabitants.
Another original settler was Lewis Dauben- specht, in 1806, at the point now occupied by the town of South Bethlehem. John Dauben- specht, in 1816, settled on the run that empties into the Mahoning east of the town of Cald- well. He was said to have operated a mill at this place, sometimes called the "Narrow Sluice," from the fact that the creek is only 22 feet wide at this point. No traces of the mill remain. The descendants of these two men are numerous and prominent in the town- ship in 1913. They have Anglicized their name, calling it "Doverspike."
MAHONING FURNACE
In 1833 David Putney purchased from the Holland Land Company, at $1.50 per acre, a tract of 1,000 acres of land surrounding and including the site of the present village named after him. Soon after this purchase was made Mr. Putney, his three sons, James Thompson and George Stevenson came to the spot where the village now stands. The bottomlands and the hillsides were then covered with a thick growth of laurel and hazel brush, through which a road was cut with considerable diffi- culty. A little shanty was erected upon the creek bank, near where the old gristmill now stands. The material of which it was con- structed was slabs gathered along the creek, and it was roofed with bark taken in large pieces from trees in the vicinity. About four, months later a second cabin was built, similar to and near the first. This was to serve the pur- pose of a store, and was stocked with a lim- ited assortment of staple goods brought from Freeport and Pittsburgh. For about a year there were no other buildings erected, but dur- ing that period Mr. Putney was engaged in working upon a headrace and dam and taking out timber for a grist and sawmill, employing ten or twelve hands. The sawmill was con- pleted the second year. Shanty life no longer possessing the charm of novelty, and now having a mill to manufacture lumber, a story- and-a-half frame dwelling house was erected -the first in the neighborhood. The rest of the family moved up from Freeport, and George S. Putney commenced getting out the
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