USA > Pennsylvania > Armstrong County > Armstrong County, Pennsylvania her people past and present, embracing a history of the county and a genealogical and biographical record of representative families, Volume I > Part 45
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Mount Union Reformed Church is located near the settlement of "West Valley." It is a frame structure, 36 by 40 feet, which was erected in 1850. This church was organized by Rev. L. B. Leberman in 1851. Its pastors have been : Rev. F. Wire from 1853 till October, 1853; Rev. E. Shoemaker in 1860; Rev. R. R. Duffenbosker from May 30, 1862, J. J. Pennypacker from 1867 till 1872, and Rev. D. S. Duffenbosker, 1873. Its member- ship in 1880 was 83: Sabbath school scholars, 60. Like many of the old country churches, it is only occasionally used now. The present pastor is Rev. H. S. Garner, pastor of the Dayton Church.
The Pine Creek Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1846, and the building stand- ing now just south of the old furnace was erected in 1873. Before its completion serv- ices were held in the "Furnace Schoolhouse." Preaching is had here occasionally by Rev. A. E. Curry.
POPULATION
The mercantile appraiser's list shows 4 stores in the fourteenth and I in the eleventh class in 1876.
Occupations other than agricultural, accord- ing to the assessment list for 1876: Furnace managers, 2; laborers, 102; miners, 5; team- sters, 4; carpenters, 3; shoemakers, 3; black- smiths, 2 ; hucksters, 2 ; millers, 2 ; bookkeeper, I; bricklayer, I; butcher, I ; clerk, I ; coker, I; cooper, I ; grocer, I ; harness maker, I : marble cutter, I ; pit boss, 1 ; printer, I ; school teacher, I ; sexton, I.
The population of the township in 1860 was 1.552; in 1870, 1.821; in 1880, '1,861 ; in 1890, 1,602; in 1900, 539; in 1910, 452.
The assessment returns for 1913 show : num-
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
ber of acres, 8,900, valued at $14,616; houses and lots, 12, value, $4,450, average, $370.83; horses, 112, value, $5,495, average, $49.02; COWS, 119, value, $1,428, average, $12; taxable occupations, 171, amount, $1,790 : total valua- tion, $33,145.80. Money at interest, $22,526.
SCHOOLS
The first schools of this township are the of Pine creek and beyond consist mainly of same as those mentioned in the sketch of Ray- burn, as the two were one in early days, and settlements were concentrated in the western part.
1860-Number of schools, 9; average num- ber months taught, 4; male teachers, 5; female teachers, 4; average monthly salaries of male teachers, $16.60; average monthly salaries of female teachers, $16; male scholars, 210; fe- male scholars, 156; average number attending school, 246; cost of teaching each scholar per month, 42 cents ; tax levied for school pur- poses, $674.10; tax levied for building pur- poses, $421.32 ; received from State appropria- tion, $104.64; from collectors, $561; cost of instruction, $572; fuel, etc., $62; repairs, $10.
1876-Number of schools, 13; average num- ber months taught, 5 : male teachers, 5 ; female teachers, 8; average salaries of male teachers per month, $28.60 ; average salaries of female teachers per month, $26.75; male scholars, 316; female scholars, 305; average number attending school, 240; cost per month, 61 cents ; tax levied for school and building purposes, $3.309.12 ; received from State appropriation, $412.92; from taxes, etc., $2,160.57; cost of schoolhouses, $210.70; paid for teachers' wages, $1,785; fuel, etc., $284.24.
In 1913 the number of schools was 4; months taught, 7; male teachers, 2; female teachers, 2; average salaries, male, $40; fe- male, $45; male scholars, 43; female schol- ars, 41; average attendance, 70; cost per month, each scholar, $2.72; tax levied, $1,- 344.98; received from State, $639.39; other sources, $2,582.73; value of schoolhouses, $5,- 300 ; teachers' wages, $1,190 ; other expenses, $2.032.12.
The school directors are : D. J. Waughaman, president ; John Donihey, secretary; C. W. Runyan, treasurer ; A. K. Cogley, G. M. Win- gard.
GEOLOGICAL FEATURES
The uplands have a thin covering of lower barren rocks. These are the measures which make the summit of the ridge which the An- derson Creek road traverses. The lower productive measures are exposed along the Cowanshannock and Pine creeks throughout the entire township. The hills skirting the river from Kittanning borough to the mouth these rocks. The Pottsville conglomerate, sixty feet thick, rises to the day over an area extending from Quigley's mill nearly to the mouth of Hays' run, and this rock makes the sandstone bowlders along the river's edge. The upper Freeport coal and limestone, the lower Freeport coal, the upper and lower Kittanning coals, the fireclay underlying the lower Kit- tanning coal, the ferriferous limestone and the fireclay underlying it, have all in turn been developed. The ferriferous limestone is above the Cowanshannock from John C. Rhea's property nearly to below the Hague school- house, between it and the Robinson farm, and is above the waters of Pine creek a like dis- tance and extending to Pine Creek furnace, and supports here the buhrstone ore; along the river front it is continuous above water- level from the southern to the northern end of the township. The structure is somewhat complicated by the gradually diminishing force of the anticlinal axis, which crosses the river near the site of the old Allegheny furnace. This gradual decline of the axis gives to the rocks a southwest dip down the river rather than the usual and normal incline toward the northwest and southeast. Another and well- developed anticlinal crosses the Cowanshan- nock near Greendale, where it lifts the Pottsville conglomerate to daylight, and it crosses Pine creek near Oscar postoffice.
A slight undulation is suspected to pass from the neighborhood of Scrubgrass creek through the neighborhood of Allegheny Furnace, cross- ing local northwest dips.
The ferriferous limestone is seen on Rey- nolds' farm, one mile north of the borough, where the Kittanning coal is twenty feet above it; on Nulton's land, north of the courthouse, it is four feet thick, and is divided by a thin slate about one foot from the top.
The highest point in the township is slightly southwest of Oscar, and has an altitude of 1,567 feet.
15
CHAPTER XXIX
RAYBURN TOWNSHIP
NAMED AFTER JUDGE RAYBURN-DEWALT MECHLING-OTHER SETTLERS-ENTERPRISING PIONEERS -TROY HILL-EAST MOSGROVE-PRESENT INDUSTRIES-SCHOOLS-POPULATION
This was the last township to be formed in tine Neubert, Isaac Scott, Samuel Matthews, this county, the date being 1890, and the ter- James Reichert, John Reichert, James Mon- ritory was taken from Valley township, after the requisite number of petitioners had signed the application. It was named after Judge Calvin Rayburn. First in the chronological order of events we will mention the few pio- neers who made the formation of this town- ship possible by their settlement and cultiva- tion of its soil in the first quarter of the nine- teenth century. teith, James Pinks, Robert Speer, Hugh Rog- ers, Henry Rousch, Thomas Hamilton, James Hamilton, Jackson Boggs. Edward S. Golden, Henry Reed. Nathaniel Stewart, John Donald- son, Henry Reed, Benjamin Glyde, John Fair- ley, James Sloan, Jr., Simon Truby, John Brodhead. Rev. Joseph Painter, Darwin Phelps, Daniel A. Daugherty. Frederick Hague, Marshall B. Oswald, Robert G. Cur- Dewalt Mechling, who came here from Greensburg, Pa., in 1784, was probably the oldest settler in this township, and his im- provement here was the first made north of the "Purchase Line" in this county. His home was made over the hill east of the present courthouse, not far from the Cowanshannock creek. Here he erected a shanty and cleared a patch of ground, but seems to have become dissatisfied and left in about a year. ren, George B. Daugherty, Major Isaac Craig, Jacob Lowery, William Amberson, William Turnbull. William Peart. Dr. Abner Bain- bridge, Simon Torney, James K. Tittle, John Hood, Robert McClenechan, Peter Richards, Michael Mechling, James Douglass, Jacob Baumgartner, Peter Schrecongost. Stephen Collins, Henry Chapman, John Campbell, Thomas Cadwallader. Thomas Irwin, Sr., Alexander Schrecongost, Jeremiah Parker, Thomas B. Irwin, Jacob Millison, Sr., Hugh Spence, George Forsyth, Dr. A. W. Burleigh, Zaccheus Collins, Clement Hill, George Wilt, Patrick McAfee, Louis Mergenthaler.
Robert Patrick, who, with his brother, John, was a scout in the Indian wars, settled on and improved a plot of ground along the river. just above Wickboro, in 1805. John followed him in ISII, settling at the site of the old Monticello furnace.
In the list below will be found many who settled in the present limits of this township at various early periods, as well the names of those who held title to the land but did not improve it :
Robert Brown, Alexander McAllister, James Walker, Philip Essex, Joseph Starr, George Sheckler, Steele Semple, Walter Sloan, David White, John Howard, Robert Semple, David Loy, John Q. Sloan, Samuel Hutchinson, James Buchanan, Alexander Craig. William Elliott, Jeremiah Bonner, James Galbraith, Peter Boyers, James Thompson, James Stew- art, Daniel Lemmon, Col. John Armstrong, Dr. James Armstrong. Thomas Duncan, Da- vid Lawson, David Reynolds, Paul Morrow, Samuel S. Harrison, George H. Fox, Valen-
The greater portion of the lands in this township were included in the bounds of the tract granted by the Penn family to Col. John Armstrong in 1775. and were purchased from the Armstrong heirs by various persons at different dates.
PIONEER ENTERPRISES
First among the millers of this section was Robert Beatty, who put in operation the first gristmill near the mouth of the Cowanshan- nock in 1810. After his death the ownership was successively held by David Loy, 1813: Robert Brown, 1818; Matthias Bowser, 1826: Isaac Cunningham. 1828; John P. Brown. 1828-37: Robert E. Brown. 1842-63. The last named added a sawmill in 1859, in which
226
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
he sawed the timber for the first covered bridge at Pittsburgh.
Another gristmill was erected on the Cowan- shannock, some distance above its mouth, in 1845, by Jeremiah Bonner, who was the later constructor of the Cowanshannock furnace. This mill deserves more than passing mention because of its fine mechanical construction, which is a credit to the ingenuity of its maker. Picnic parties from Kittanning frequently make this old mill site their objective point and the remains of the mill are one of the sights of that locality. It is probably one of the finest examples of mill construction that is left from the olden days of the watermill and overshot wheel. The view on another page will give a clear conception of the methods The first limekiln in the township, as well of construction of the early millers. At the as in Armstrong county, was built of stone date of its operation there were two floors of by Ross Reynolds at the quarry he had opened wood above the stone basement. The gearing just above the northeast corner of the borough is in such good condition that with little re- pairs it could do duty at the present time. Some of the millstones are in fine shape also. of Kittanning in 1866. The employees were twenty-five, the capacity of the kilns about eight hundred bushels a day and the market was Pittsburgh. He also operated a small brickyard here at the same time.
The first brickyard in the section now in- cluded in this township, as well as the first in this portion of the county, was that of Rob- ert Stewart, who started operations on the spot where the present brickyard is located in Wickboro, in 1813, just one hundred years ago.
The second gristmill in the township was that of Alexander McAllister, on the north side of Pine creek, near the Allegheny, built in 1829. He also operated a fulling-mill here from then until 1849.
Another sawmill was built on the run empty- ing into the Allegheny below Mosgrove, by Joseph K. and James A. Lowrey, in 1852. It was later operated by John J. Sloan and finally by James E. Brown. This mill is still in a good state of preservation, and can be seen from the windows of trains on the Pennsyl- vania railroad. The run at this point was named after John Hays, a Seneca Indian, who formerly resided there. James Riley kept a hotel here in 1876. Salt works were operated here in 1838 by William Burns.
John Patrick ran a sawmill on the Cowan- shannock in the southern part of the township in 1819-26, at which some very wide boards were sawed, taking into account the rude methods employed then. These mills in 1845 became the property of Jeremiah Bonner, who at once removed them and on their site built the Cowanshannock furnace, which was of the type adopted in those early days of iron mak- ing. The furnace was operated until 1853.
The Monticello furnace, similar to all the
rest of its class, was erected on the bank of the Allegheny river, near Guthrie's run. The run gained its name from Guthrie, a teamster, who, with four mules, slipped into the river off the steep bank there and was drowned. The fur- nace was built by Robert E. Brown in 1859, who sold it in 1863 to McKnight, Martin & Co., for $26,000. After the change of name to McKnight, Porter & Co., the furnace was operated until 1875. At that date the settle- ment at that point consisted of sixty-eight houses, a store and the postoffice, in charge of William Acheson. Near this point is the Cowanshannoc station of the Pennsylvania railroad. The present merchant and post- master is John Flenner.
TROY HILL
This suburb of Kittanning was founded in 1873 by owners of the old Sloan tract, and has remained a small settlement with three streets since that time. It has no industries. Just above the village is the cemetery of the Ger- man Catholics, and a schoolhouse. The cem- etery is called St. Joseph's.
EAST MOSGROVE
was named from the famous landowner and furnaceman, James B. Mosgrove, who built the Pine Creek furnace. The station is now merely a crossing of the Pennsylvania and Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh railroads, and is a small village of twenty or more houses, a hotel and the store and postoffice, kept by W. H. Moore. Dr. McGivern resides here and has an extensive practice throughout the sur- rounding country.
James A. Lowery opened a store near the mouth of Pine creek in 1852. The Bratton- ville postoffice, of which he was postmaster, was established here in the autumn of 1852, so named after Miss Jane Bratton Brown, daughter of the vendee of this purpart. It was removed to the "Barton Bend House," on the Hutchinson land, in 1855, and was discon- tinued in 1857.
The Pine Creek station on the Allegheny
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Valley railroad, which was extended to this point in the winter of 1866, and the junction of Brown & Mosgrove's narrow gauge rail- road were located here. The "Peart's Eddy" postoffice was removed hither and the second "Brattonville" one was established Dec. 8, 1870, James Hull being the first postmaster.
PRESENT INDUSTRIES
Near the mouth of the Cowanshannock are the works of the Cowanshannock Brick & Manufacturing Company, with twenty kilns and a capacity of fifty thousand firebrick per day. They operate their own mines and have their own gas wells for the burning of the brick.
The old Reynolds clay quarries at Wick- boro are now leased to the National Refrac- tories Company, who have a brick works at West Apollo, Westmoreland county.
SCHOOLS
The first schoolhouse in this township was built on his farm by Anthony Schrecongost in 1853. It was near the Pine Creek Baptist church. Another was built some years later on Cowanshannock creek, in the lower end of the township.
By referring to the sketch of Valley town- ship an estimate of the number of schools, scholars, teachers, and cost of operation pre- vious to the division of these two townships can be made.
In 1913 the number of schools was 6; months taught, 7; male teachers, I; female teachers, 5; average salaries, male, $50; fe- male, $50; male scholars, 175 ; female scholars, 151 ; average attendance, 205; cost per month of each scholar, $2.81 ; amount tax levied, $3,- 236.39; received from State, $1,754.90; from other sources, $3,184.29; value of school- houses, $18,500 ; teachers' wages, $2,100; other expenses, $2,755.19.
The school directors for that year were: John Flenner, president ; James L. Lucke, sec- retary ; C. A. Adams, treasurer ; W. H. Moore, G. W. Steffey.
POPULATION
The first census taken of Rayburn township was that of 1900, which gave the population as 1,882. That of 1910 showed a reduction to 1,384.
The assessment returns for 1913 show : number of acres, timber, 1,580, cleared, 5,874, valued at $161,774 ; houses and lots, 340, value, $56.445, average, $166.01 ; horses, 116, value, $4,165, average, $35.90 ; cows, 164, value, $2,- 347, average, $14.31 ; taxable occupations, 427, amount. $8,865; total valuation, $296,920. Money at interest, $49,854.98.
Attention is directed to the sketch of Val- ley township for a report on the geological for- mation of Rayburn.
The loftiest spot in the township is situated between Hays' run and Cowanshannock creek, near the Allegheny, and is 1,405 feet above the sea.
CHAPTER XXX BOGGS TOWNSHIP
FORMED FROM PINE-INDUSTRIES-GOHEEN VILLE-SCIIOOLS-RELIGIOUS-POPULATION- GEOLOGY
When this township was formed in 1878 it Eddy," on the bank of the Allegheny. He deprived Pine of most of its territory, so that erected a sawmill near the mouth of Pine run, a history of the latter will cover most of the later transferring the plant to Walter Sloan, important events of this section previous to who was assessed with it in 1830. that date. The vote for division was so close as to almost be a tie.
The first settlers of this township were of it was changed to "Brattonville." It has since course the same as those of Pine, therefore been abolished.
reference can be made to the history of the latter for a list of their names.
William Peart, Sr., of Philadelphia, set- tled in 1806 at the point since called "Peart's
"Peart's Eddy" postoffice was established in 1868 with Levi G. Peart as postmaster. Later
Wilkins & Bell erected a sawmill here in 1872, working almost exclusively for the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company. They had a planing mill, a store and six tenant houses, and
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
employed twenty men. In 1876 they built thirty-two barges and boats, and cut one mil- lion feet of lumber. The sawmill is now owned by Patton Brothers, and still saws crossties for the Pennsylvania road.
A glass works was started here shortly after the opening of the gas wells in this vicinity, but failed to be a paying proposition. It was destroyed by fire in 1890.
GOHEENVILLE
At this point in the eastern part of the town- ship, on Scrubgrass creek, George W. Goheen built a sawmill and gristmills in 1851. He also started a store here in 1857.
Such is the origin of Goheenville, as yet but a hamlet, in the forks of the head branches of Scrubgrass, containing a public schoolhouse, a store, physician's office, one mill, blacksmith shop and a few dwelling houses. Scrubgrass postoffice was established about a mile and a quarter northeast of this point in the summer of 1844, William J. Calhoun, postmaster. It was removed hither in 1850-51. Its name was changed to Goheenville June 20, 1866, George W. Goheen being the second postmaster.
Rural routes have caused the cancellation of this postoffice. The town is now but a hamlet.
In the southeastern part of the township, on the south fork of Pine creek, were located several sawmills, gristmills and a distillery, of which William and James Hannegan were the successive owners, from 1841 to 1843. Near here in 1851 Peter Beck also erected a grist- mill. None of these old mills is now in opera- tion, and most of them are only a memory.
SCHOOLS
The first schoolhouse within the present lim- its of Boggs township was located on the Wal- lace tract, about two miles north of the mouth of Pine creek, and the first teacher was David White, Sr. His scholars numbered about twenty-five, some of whom came from the west side of the Allegheny river. His imme- diate successors were William White and Da- vid Hull. One of the first schoolhouses under the common school law was a log one on or near the site of the first one, which continued to be used until the present one was erected, about 275 rods northeast of it.
For a list of the schools and other statistics previous to the division of Pine and Boggs townships, reference can be made to the his- tory of the former.
The number of schools in 1913 was 8; aver- age months taught, 7 ; male teachers, 5; female teachers, 3; average salaries, male, $44; fe- miale, $43-33 ; male scholars, 93; female schol- ars, 74; average attendance, 136; cost per month, $2.37; tax levied, $1,526; received from State, $1,411.82; other sources, $2,- 337.81 ; value of schoolhouses, $5,000; teach- ers' wages, $2,450; fuel, fees, etc., $402.70.
The school commissioners for that year were: O. W. Gearhart, president; J. S. Pat- rick, secretary; C. J. Ellenberger, treasurer ; Jacob Collins, T. F. Fox.
RELIGIOUS
Religious services were held for some years in private houses, barns, and, in pleasant weather, in the woods. The Associate Re- formed Church (commonly called Seceder), now United Presbyterian, was organized prob- ably about 1826, by Rev. John Dickey. It was dependent for many years on supplies. Its first pastor was Rev. John Hindman, whose pastorate continued from April 29, 1840, until May 19, 1853. Its second pastor was Rev. David K. Duff, whose pastorate continued from some time in June, 1856, until the sum- mer of 1870. Since then the congregation has depended on supplies. Each of those pastors gave this church half his time. David White, Sr., and Francis Dill were among its early elders. The present number of members is sixty.
The first church edifice, log, 20 by 20 feet, was erected in 1827, near Goheenville, a short distance below the site of the first school- house, on the east side of White's run. The second, a frame edifice, was erected on the same site in 1855. The ground on which it stood was donated by William White, in 1832, to Noah Calhoun, Moses Dill, William Lowry, Alexander Oliver, William Templeton and James White, trustees of "Lower Piney" con- gregation, in trust for the use of "Pine creek congregation," for the nominal sum of $1. The name adopted by the congregation then was "Rehoboth."
The third church building was located on the Devers farm in 1878. It is still standing. The pastor at present is Rev. E. M. Elsey, who serves the congregation at Glen Camp- bell, Pa., also.
In 1913 the assessment returns were: Num- ber of acres, timber, 3,611, clear, 10,635; val- ued at, $214,353; houses and lots, 59, valued at, $8,618; average, $146.06; horses, 222, val- ue, $12,140, average, $54.68; cows, 312, value,
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
$4,606, average, $14.76; taxables, 336, total valuation, $244,372. Money at interest, $68,709.
POPULATION
The population of Boggs township in 1880 was 1,000 ; in 1890, 847 ; in 1900, 865 ; in 1910, S78.
The geological report of Pine township cov- ers all the data relating to the formation of this township.
The highest point in this township is the same hill that answers for Wayne's western boundary mark, and is 1,667 feet above sea level.
CHAPTER XXXI
PINE TOWNSHIP
CHANGE OF NAME-LANDOWNERS-INDIAN SETTLEMENTS - MAHONINGTOWN - ORE HILL FUR- NACE-STEWARDSON FURNACE-TEMPLETON-STATISTICS - SCHOOLS - GEOLOGICAL-ELEVA- TIONS
Pine creek, which flows along the northern border of the township, is the source of the name of this division of Armstrong county. It was originally named "Pine Creek Town- ship," but at the time of the separation of Boggs from its territory the name was changed to the present one. The boundaries of the township originally were: "By a line com- mencing at the place where the purchase line crosses the line of the township of Kittan- ning at the corner of Wayne township; thence by said township to the Mahoning creek ; thence down said creek and the Allegheny river to the Borough of Kittanning; thence by the same to the said' purchase line, and thence by said purchase line to the place of beginning, about equally dividing Kittanning township." The date of its separation from Kittanning township is June 20, 1836. It was further shorn of territory in 1878 by the erec- tion of Boggs township.
LANDOWNERS
Among the first landowners and settlers of this section were: John Elliott, Archibald McCall, Peter Brice, Robert Thompson, Abraham Parkinson, William Elliott, J. B. McLean, William West, Richard Childerston, David Lawson, Robert Orr, Philip Temple- ton, 'Robert Thompson, James Mosgrove, John Toy, James Calhoun, James Cochran, William Lowrey, Ethan Chilcott, A. P. Mod- IIOME OF THE INDIANS erwell, Francis Dobbs, Samuel Hutchison, Stephen Bayard, William Turnbull, William The mouth of the Mahoning was probably the site of an Indian camp for many years. Early writers speak of it as an Indian settle- ment, and it was designated as "Mahoning Peart, Walter Sloan, Hugh R. Rutherford, James B. Walker, Charles Campbell, Tate Allison, James McCauley, Alexander Mc.Allis- ter, David White, Abraham Walker, Samuel T." on Reading Howell's map of 1792; this Wallace, Thomas Duncan, Thomas Steward- and "I. T.," for Indian town, on the Histori-
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