USA > Pennsylvania > Armstrong County > Armstrong County, Pennsylvania her people past and present, embracing a history of the county and a genealogical and biographical record of representative families, Volume I > Part 43
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At the time of the permanent division of the church, one party retained the name St. John's, being under the General Council, and the other, under the General Synod, reorganized as St. Matthew's Evangelical Lutheran Church, in 1894.
St. Matthew's is located at Rockville, on the north branch of Cherry run, a short distance east of St. John's, and was erected in 1894 at a cost of $2,300. The first church coun- cil was composed of Simon Schaeffer, Jacob Kunkle, Reuben Hileman and G. A. Schall. Rev. William Hesse was the first pastor after the separation, until 1894. He was followed by Rev. C. M. Wachter, who was succeeded in 1898 by Rev. J. E. F. Hassinger. Follow- ing were Rev. E. F. Dickey and Rev. W. Roy Goff, the present pastor. Membership, 127; Sunday school, 89.
The Methodist Episcopal Church was or- ganized prior to 1860, and a frame building put up the same year. It was blown down the next year, and the present frame reared on the foundations. It is supplied from Ford City now.
POPULATION
In 1850, before the last curtailment of its territory, the township had 1.175 inhabitants ; in 1860, 1,237; in 1870, 1,504; in 1880, 1,681 ; in 1890, 1,393; in 1900, 1,396; in 1910, 1,103.
St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church The assessment list for 1876 shows that (also called "Schotte's") is located two miles there were in this township, besides the great south of Emmanuel, east of Horny Camp run, body of agriculturists, laborers, 31 ; tenants, and was probably organized about 1843. The 18; hucksters, 6; blacksmiths, 4; shoemakers, 4; carpenters, 3; stonemasons, 3; painter, I ; and stores appraised, 5 in the fourteenth class. first church was erected on land secured from John Schotte, hence the name sometimes given it. The first regular pastor was Rev. Henry Esensee, who served until 1851. In the year previous he had dedicated the church build-
The assessment returns for 1913 show: Number of acres, 18,302, value, $295,250; houses and lots, 7, valued at $1,330, average,
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
$190; horses, 286, valued at $12,205; average, ance, 177; cost per month, $285; tax levied, $42.63; cows, 342, value, $5,160, average, $3,020.47; received from State, $1,961.60; $15.08; taxable occupations, 427, amount, other sources, $3,583.53; value of school- houses, $6,300 ; teachers' wages, $3,640; fuel, fees, etc., $1,352.12. $4,785; total valuation, $320,605. Money at interest, $18,731.
SCHOOLS
The facts relative to schools which existed before the adoption of the common school sys- tem, which the writer has been able to collect, are meager. There was, as he is informed, one of those early schools in a log schoolhouse situated about fifty rods south of Garrett's run and about a mile and fifty or sixty rods east of the Manor township line, and another about a mile and a half southwest of the former and two hundred rods east of the above-mentioned line, in the Hileman settle- ment, or about a hundred rods south of Em- manuel Church. The names of early teachers met with are those of George Forster and George Leighley.
After the adoption of the common school system the requisite number of log houses were erected, at the usual distances from one another, over the township, which have finally been replaced by frame ones.
In 1860 the number of schools was 8; aver- age number months taught, 4; male teachers, 6 ; female teachers, 2 ; average monthly salaries of male teachers, $16.67; average monthly salaries of female teachers, $16.00; number male scholars, 155; number female scholars, 158; average number attending school, 251 ; cost of teaching each per month, 45 cents : amount levied for school purposes, $715.53; received from State appropriation, $89.89; the minister of the United States to that coun- from collector, $715.53; cost of instruction, $528; fuel and contingencies, $43.76, repairs, etc., $10.
In 1876 the number of schools was 9; aver- age number months taught, 5; male teachers, 5 ; female teachers, 4 ; average monthly salaries of male teachers, $27.20; average monthly salaries of female teachers, $25.50 ; male schol- ars, 264; female scholars, 199; average num- ber attending school, 288; cost per month, 61 cents ; amount tax levied for school and build- ing purposes, $1,138.55 : received from State appropriation, $332.94; from taxes and other sources, $1.357.25; cost of schoolhouses, $78.23; paid for teachers' wages, $1,272.50; greatest musicians in Armstrong county. for fuel, collector's fees, etc., $197.58.
In 1913 the number of schools was 12 ; aver- age months taught. 7; female teachers, 12; average salaries, female, $43.33 ; male schol- ars, 122; female scholars, 98; average attend-
The school directors were: H. B. Faith, president ; S. E. Hileman, secretary ; J. E. Hileman, treasurer ; O. T. Miller, D. A. Gra- ham.
Blanket Hill postoffice was established May 1, 1850, and John M. Daily was appointed post master. He kept it at "Graham's," on the Christopher Oury tract, whence it was after- ward removed to the settlement of that name on the Elderton and Kittanning Pike. This is the location of the famous fight of Lieut. James Hogg with the Indians, in 1756, in which he was mortally wounded. Many relics of that event have since been plowed up in this vicin- ity. Mrs. Mary J. Blose was the last post- mistress here in 1890, before the rural routes were established.
IIUM BOLDT GARDENS
In 1861-62 Charles B. Schotte began to ex- tensively enlarge and improve the culture of fruit and garden products on his farm, which he purchased in 1855 and which consisted of parts of the John Pomeroy and Frederick Rohrer tracts. He planted from eight to ten thousand fruit trees of various kinds, among which were many imported from the largest nurseries and gardens in Europe. Among his importations were different kinds of apple trees from Russia, which he received through the kind offices of Andrew G. Curtin, who was
try; various kinds of fruits, including the small fruits, from the Botanical Gardens, at Berlin, and numerous other specimens of nov- el productions from abroad, obtained through the Agricultural Department at Washington for experimental purposes. The various fruits of California and Oregon were also well rep- resented in the Humboldt Gardens. . The enter- prise, thus inaugurated, lasted only during Mr. Schotte's life. The gardens were sold in 1898 to George F. Rohrer, who sold the land and gardens in 1913 to Andrew Hartman, who is engaged in general farming.
Mr. Schotte was also noted as one of the
GEOLOGY
The geological features of this township are similar to those of Cowanshannock and Plum
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Creek. The Greendale anticlinal, the fifth, which is the axis of the fourth, basin crosses this township diagonally from northeast to southwest, striking the northern boundary line nearly two miles west of its eastern terminus and its western boundary a mile and a half north of its southern terminus. The major
part of the township is, then, on the northern slope of the fourth basin, and the rest of it on the southeastern slope of the fifth basin.
It is interesting that the highest point in this township should be Blanket Hill. It is almost in the center of the township and is 1,609 feet above the level of the ocean.
CHAPTER XXVII
COWANSHANNOCK TOWNSHIP
LARGEST IN AREA-ORIGIN OF NAME-EARLY SETTLERS-FAMOUS LANDOWNERS-"BRADFORD," A MEMORY - ATWOOD BOROUGH - GREEN OAK-SAGAMORE-BARNARD-"TOTTENHAM'-RURAL VILLAGE-YATESBORO-EARLY MANUFACTURERS-PIONEER CHURCHES-ROADS AND SCHOOLS -POPULATION-VALUATION-GEOLOGY
This is the largest township in the county branch of Plum creek in the line between this and was formed in 1848 out of parts of Kit- and Indiana county, north 79 degrees west, passing through the brick house of John Boyer about twenty-five rods east of Huskins' run, and crossing the western boundary of the township a little above the angle therein. All that portion south of that line was taken from Plum Creek township, and was included in the old purchase of 1768, and it constitutes about one third of the territory of Cowanshannock township. tanning, Plum Creek and Wayne townships. The first election occurred in 1849 and the re- sult was: Justice of the peace, Samuel Cas- sady ; constable, John Adams; assessor, Sam- uel Black ; assistant assessors, Jacob Beer and James Stewart; supervisors, John Whittaker and John Stoops; school directors, Samuel Elgin, John McEwen, Samuel Fleming, Samuel R. Ramage, William McIntosh and Joseph Elgin ; overseers of the poor, Alexander P. Ormond, William Rearich; judge of election, EARLY SETTLERS George Stewart; inspectors of election, James Reid, Robert Neal; township auditors, Joseph Kirkpatrick, William Sloan, Samuel Potts ; township clerk, David Hill.
ORIGIN OF THE NAME
The township was named Cowanshannock from the beautiful creek which flows through the center of a picturesque valley, cutting the township almost into two equal parts. The name is of Indian origin and was supposed by some to mean "banks of flowers." That pretty conception of the meaning of Cowan- shannock is, however, spoiled by the reality, for Heckewelder says: "Cowanshannock, a branch of the Allegheny in Armstrong county, corrupted from Gawansch-hanne-signifying green-brier stream, or brier creek. Gawun- schige-briery." So it must be inferred that the Indians found this now lovely valley more thorny than rosy.
The purchase line of 1768, or the old pur- chase line, as it is often called, traverses the township from the chestnut tree mentioned in the boundaries at the angle south of the north
Some of the earliest settlers were : Alexan- der Dallas, John D. Mercer, David McCaus- land, James Dundas, Parsons Leaming, John Byerly. Jacob Amos, Mary Semple, Joseph Fisher, Joseph Nourse, Patrick Farrell, Sam- uel Fisher, James Guthrie, Thomas Bradford, Elizabeth Henderson, Andrew Henderson, George McLaughlin, Robert Semple, William Finney, John Black, William Wistar, John Dealing, Isaac and Samuel Morris, John Lart, Daniel Wampler, George Snyder, John Gill, Jacob Beer, Benjamin Davis, George and Michael Somers, Jonathan D. Seargeant, Rich- ard Wells, Henry Shade, John Foyle, James Kirkpatrick, T. W. Hiltzheimer, John Simp- son, John Denniston, John Sloan. All of these were above the aforementioned "purchase line." One of them, Richard Wells, was a spy in the Revolutionary war.
Settlers south of the "purchase line" were : James Oliver, Alexander McCreary, Hugh Elgin, John D. Mercer, James McGranahan, Finney Templeton, William Wistar, Benjamin Davis, James Dubbs, Charles S. Cox, James Abercrombie, John Vanderen, Richard Wells,
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Daniel Wampler, Samuel F. Peters, Samuel Thomas H. Allison came here. He was the Brown, John Black, David Reynolds, Alex- first to clear away the forest and found a ander Reynolds, Martin John, Daniel Devin- home. Robert W. Smith, the historian and ney, Thomas Bradford, Daniel Fyock, Richard Coulter, William McLaughlin, John Fitzer, John Vanderen, Joseph Spicher, George Harkelrode, Henry D. Foster, John Young. One of the owners of a large tract in this town- ship, south of the "purchase line," was Thomas Bradford, a printer of Philadelphia.
One of the oldest settlers of this section of the county was James Simpson, who removed in 1807 from Indiana county to the part of this township near the present village of Meredith. Soon after he settled there he was offered as much land as he could see from his residence for a cow, but was too poor to make the trade. Another old settler was Smith Neal, a veteran of the Revolution, having been present at the surrender of Cornwallis. He settled east of Rural Valley in 1833, dying in 1863, almost a centenarian.
The early settlers were chiefly agricultur- ists. Those following other occupations were very rare. The nearest gristmill was Peter Thomas', built in 1803, until Jacob Beer, Sr., built his on Huskins' run, in or about 1819.
Other mills were Andrew Ormond's on Cowanshannock creek, Early's mill on Big run, and Sloan's mill on Plum creek, which latter included a sawmill and fullingmill. A saw- mill was built in 1840 by Samuel Black in the southwestern part of the township, near Hus- kins' run. The first store was opened by the Roberts Brothers in IS31.
"BRADFORD"-A MEMORY
The town of Bradford was laid out in ISIS, at the junction of a small stream with a larger one ; at the cross roads, where the old Frank- lin and Indiana road crosses the Elderton and Martin's ferry road on the Samuel Fisher tract between Atwood and Green Oak. In 1820 it consisted of twenty lots, assessed at $100. In 1823 William Coulter kept a hotel there and was assessed with four lots and two houses. He resided there three years. John Kier, blacksmith, was assessed the same year with one house and three lots, and William McLaughlin with the same amount of prop- erty. Thereafter "Bradford" disappeared from memory and the assessment list.
ATWOOD BOROUGH
at that time county superintendent of schools, describes the primeval appearance of the scope of country around Atwood, when he was there on his tours of official duty in 1866. He says the town was fittingly named, for it had just begun to emerge from the woods. An unbroken wilderness stretched for miles. around it. It had been suggested to name the place after Dr. Allison, but he refused abso- lutely to permit it, so the present appropriate name was selected. In 1876 the town con- tained twenty-four houses, one hotel, three stores, two blacksmiths, one cabinetmaker and two wagonmakers. The population was about 193. The only physician was Dr. John W. Morrow, who had settled there in 1873.
The number of acres of land in the borough in 1913 were 1,527, valued at $22.516; houses and lots, 38, value, $6,850, average, $ISo; num- ber horses, 44, value. $1,230, average, $27; number of cows, 32, value, $445, average, $14; taxables, 62; total valuation, $34,169. Money at interest, $13,671.84.
The first congregation organized here was the United Presbyterian in 1815, Rev. Mr. Jamison holding the first services under the white oak trees near the home of Samuel Sloan, Sr. It was called the Associate Pres- byterian Congregation of Concord and the membership was thirty-five. For a time Rev. David Barclay preached and finally Rev. John Hindman entered upon a pastorate which lasted from 1832 to 1840. Following came Rev. William Smith, from 1851 to 1859, when the name of United Presbyterian Church of Concord was adopted. In 1876 Rev. David K. Duff became pastor, remaining until 1882. The present pastor is Rev. W. E. M. Cope- land.
The first church was a log house, put up in IS26. The second, a frame edifice, was built in 1852 at a cost of $2,000. The third edifice, also frame, was erected in 1873.
Early in March, 1873, Rev. Andrew Vir- tue began to preach to the Presbyterians in the schoolhouse at the village of Atwood, and in September. 1874, the church was regularly or- ganized with the following members: A. A. Marshall, Sarah Marshall, Alexander Guthrie, Nancy Guthrie, Mary McCausland, Margaret McCausland, Washington Mclaughlin, Mary O. McLaughlin, William McCausland, Eliza- beth McCausland, Mary A. McCausland.
The site of this little town in 1860 was Andrew Campbell, Emma L. Campbell, John covered with the primeval forest when Dr. Guthrie, Fanny Guthrie, Jesse Henderson,
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Jane Henderson, James Campbell, Rachel Campbell, Sarah H. Guthrie, George Camp- bell, Catherine Campbell, Moses Foreman, Rachel Foreman, Violet Foreman, William Lewis, Matilda Dodson, Charlotte Jamison, John Blystone, Mary Blystone, Horace Hard- ing.
Rev. N. B. Kelly was the first pastor after Rev. Andrew Virtue, beginning his pastorate in 1887. His time was divided equally be- tween Atwood and Rural Valley.
In 1879 a frame building was erected at a cost of $2,000, and this, with several altera- tions, has served the congregation ever since. The present pastor is Rev. L. H. Shindel- dicker.
A schoolhouse is located opposite the church. At one time a private school was held in the building but it is now included in an independent district. In 1913 the number of months taught were 7; one male teacher was employed at a salary of $50. There were 21 male scholars and 22 female, with an average attendance of 34. The total cost per month of each scholar was $1.45; tax levied, $130.72; received from State, $199.32, from other sources, $319.74; value of schoolhouse, $600; teacher's wages for year, $350; expended for fuel, fees, etc .. $145.67.
The school directors are: A. L. McCul- lough, president ; John A. McLean, secretary ; D. C. McCoy, treasurer ; W. H. Rankin, S. A. McLean.
J. W. Marshall was the first postmaster in 1868, John A. Johnston the second, and Dr. John W. Morrow the third. The present one is John Hoover.
Atwood was made a borough in 1884, the first burgess being J. C. Cuddy, who was also the hotelkeeper. Dr. C. P. McAdoo was lo- cated here from 1883 to 1890. Dr. D. T. Mc- Kinney is the present physician, coming here in 1898. Porter M. Clark is the present burgess.
GREEN OAK VILLAGE
township line, one blacksmith shop, and seven dwellinghouses. It is presumed, from the large number of arrowheads found here, that this was formerly an Indian encampment, hunting-ground, or battlefield.
The sawmill assessed for the first time to William Sloan in 1837, and the carding-ma- chine and fullingmill assessed to him for the first time in 1843, were on the run emptying into the north branch of Plum creek, within the limits of Green Oak.
An extension of the Buffalo & Susquehanna railroad from Sagamore is expected to pass through this village.
SAGAMORE
This mining town was the result of the open- ing of coal mines and the extension of the Buffalo & Susquehanna road from Dubois. The Buffalo & Susquehanna Coal & Coke Company operate five mines, employing 806 men, and produce an average of 600,000 tons of coal yearly. H. A. Moulder is the super- intendent. The company store is kept by A. R. McHenry.
The town has one hotel kept by M. I. Hay, seven stores, and a number of other taxable professions. W. L. Buchanan is postmaster and Charles V. Starr principal of the school. The resident physicians are Drs. Ralph K. Mead and Charles F. Seaton.
The Presbyterian Church here is served by Rev. L. H. Shindeldicker.
Numines is a settlement clustered about the mine of the Cowanshannock Coal & Coke Company, and the storekeeper is J. L. Sned- den.
BARNARD VILLAGE
This place is located on the old turnpike from Smicksburg to Kittanning, in the ex- treme northeast corner of the township, and is named after George A. Barnard, who kept a hotel there in 1845. David Kirkpatrick built a gristmill here in 1837, which he sold to Barnard in 1845. John McFarland had a
In the summer of 1869 Washington Cris- man laid out the town of Green Oak in the brickyard here in 1842. John T. Kirkpatrick southeastern part of the township on the was the first postmaster and storekeeper here Elderton and Martins Ferry road, just on the in 1858. Hugh Rutherford was a tailor here in 1837. The village now contains one black- smith shop, one store and six houses. The rural route has superseded the post office. line of Plum Creek township, so that about half of the town is in each township. It was surveyed by John Steele into lots respect- ively 60 by 120 feet. One of the lots was sold Near here were the famous fish ponds of Jacob Lias in 1875, located in the forks of the two branches forming the fifth northern tribu- tary of the Cowanshannock creek, west of the for $40, and eleven for $30 each. This new town contained one store (Josiah J. Shaef- fer's), through the center of which passed the
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Indiana county line. The three ponds were well stocked with trout and perch and sup- kins, the first blacksmith, James Gourley.
plied with fresh water from a large spring.
"CENTERVILLE" OR "TOTTENHAM"
was laid out by Hamlet Totten in 1859 or 1860. It was called Centerville on the attest township map, and contained eleven dwelling houses, one cabinet-maker, one carpenter, one sewing machine agent and about forty inhabit- ants. It was near the site of the present set- tlement of "Meredith."
RURAL VALLEY BOROUGH
John Patterson settled in the central part of this township on Cowanshannock creek, and gave the name of "Rural Valley" to the home- stead, from the quiet beauty of this natural rural landscape. The postoffice of Rural Val- ley was established here in 1830 at his resi- dence, he being postmaster. In 1835 Ebenezer Cross erected here a gristmill.
In the summer of 1836 John Patterson laid out the old plot of the village, consisting of forty lots on each side of the turnpike. This portion of the valley proved attractive to set- tlers and the sale was quite successful. Thomp- son Purviance, the pioneer merchant of the new village, opened his store in 1836, and David Patterson the next year. Their succes- sors were Robert A. Robinson, John McElroy and Joseph Alcorn, who for some years kept a cooperative store which was not a success. Other later merchants were George B. Mc- Farland, James E. Brown, George A. Gourley, Andrew Gallagher, Joseph K. Patterson and James McFarland. The second innkeeper was Zachariah Knight.
In the fall of 1839 Alexander Foster and his son of the same name laid out the new plot of the village adjoining the old one on the west. Their sales were as successful as that of the old plot.
Purchasers of the old plot were: Joseph Buffington, Samuel Cassaday, Samuel Flem- ming, Alexander Foster, William W. Gibson, James Gourley, Zachariah Knight, Andrew McCloskey, Samuel Potts, Samuel Ramage, Archibald L. Robinson, Martin Schreckengost, Samuel Smith and James Strain.
The first resident doctor was William Ait-
A select school, for the teaching of Latin, Greek and mathematics, was opened by Rev. James D. Mason in 1845 in the Presbyterian church. He was succeeded in the work by Rev. Cochran Forbes, and he by Mr. John McElroy in a building erected by him on his own premises. Other teachers during a period of twenty-five years were H. C. Fouke, Mr. Talmage, T. R. Ewing, Louis Kimmel, Joseph Beer, L. M. Belden and others. The school was not opened continuously and is now closed.
CHURCHES
The first church in the village was the Pres- byterian. A number of persons of this de- nomination had been meeting in a schoolhouse two miles west of the village, and in 1835 they issued a call to Rev. Joseph Painter to preach to them for $500 a year. The original mem- bers were: Ebenezer Smith, Maria Smith, Richard Caruthers, Elanor Caruthers, Lyly Kerr, Ann Kerr, Samuel McGorkle, Eliza Mc- Gorkle, William McIntosh, Margaret Mcln- tosh, John Alcorn and wife, Alexander Fos- ter, Martha Foster, John Stoops, Catharine Stoops, Arabana Hanegan, William McCain, Isabella McCain, James White, Robert McIn- tosh, William Powers, Mary Powers, Elizabeth Reed, James Elgin, Martha Elgin. The orig- inal building was of logs, 24 by 24, heated by a single stove. It was as square as the character of its builders. "Well, do I remem- ber it, when a boy," says an early writer. "In winter, going to church was to me an ordeal. The chilly atmosphere, scarcely affected by the solitary stove, was an unfavorable condition for the development of piety in a boy." Within two years the removal to the village was de- cided upon and Alexander Foster gave an acre on high ground a little out of the town for the site. Here was erected in 1838 a brick building. 30 by 40 feet, but it proved defective. the walls bulged badly and it was abandoned in 1849. In 1850 a frame edifice was built on the lots first given by John Patterson, which was replaced in 1890 by a more modern church. Rev. James D. Mason came as pastor in 1843, remaining until 1848, being succeeded
Purchasers of the new plot: William Ait- by Rev. Cochran Forbes, 1849 to 1854; Rev. kins, Jacob Beer, James Boyd, Peter Brown, William F. Morgan, 1855 to 1875 : Rev. J. H. Kerr, 1876 to 1885; Rev. Newton B. Kelly, in 1887. Rev. Charles Halliwell is the present Richard Crim, Archibald Finley, Alexander Foster, James Gibson, Wesley W. Knight, Ben- jamin Schreckengost, Robert Stoops, John Up- pastor. linger. Christ Evangelical Lutheran Church was
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HISTORY OF ARMSTRONG COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
organized in 1901 by the Missionary President incorporation as a borough in 1900, was 763 of the General Synod, and Rev. J. M. Hankey in 1910. of the Pleasant Union Church began to preach at the schoolhouse in the adjoining village of
The assessment returns for 1913 show : number of acres of land, 2,503, valued at $44,- Yatesboro. The first members were: John 035 ; houses and lots, 213, value, $97,066, aver- F. Rupp, Mrs. E. M. Rupp, L. E. Selvis, Mrs. L. E. Selvis, N. H. Selvis and wife, J. M. age value, $455.70; number of horses, 124, value, $3,690; cows, 53, value, $716; taxable Kirkpatrick, Mrs. N. J. Kirkpatrick, Mrs. occupations, 322, amount of tax, $11,960; to- Hannah Kirkpatrick, W. D. Smith and wife tal valuation, $160,007. Money at interest, and David Stoops. John F. Rupp and W. D. $80,512.18.
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