USA > Pennsylvania > Early history of western Pennsylvania, and of the West, and of western expeditions and campaigns, from MDCCLIV to MDCCCXXXIII > Part 69
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PHILADELPHIA, December 23.
Last Wednesday evening, Lieutenant Denny, Aid-de-Camp to Major General St. Clair, arrived with despatches for the Secretary of War, dated Fort Washington, the 17th November.
The garrison at Fort Jefferson was intended to be continued, and was not conceived to be in any danger ; it was supplied with provisions, provided with artillery, and commanded by Captain Shailer, of the 2nd regiment. Most of the wounded had arrived at Fort Washington from Fort Jefferson.
Piamingo, the Chickasaw chief, had returned safe with his warriors, and Captain Sparks, of Clarke's battalion, bringing with them five scalps.
The Kentucky militia, under Generals Scott and Wilkinson, all mounted and furnished with twenty days provision, will probably arrive at Fort Washington about the 20th of November.
It was expected that the dispersed situation of the Indians would
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APPENDIX-NO. XXV.
afford a good opportunity for the militia to make an important stroke yet this winter.
The brave Major Clark (who covered the retreat with some soldiers) supposed to be killed, had arrived safe at Fort Washington.
The levies were generally discharged, excepting those who had enlisted into the regular service.
Authentic list of the killed and wounded in the Army of the United States, commanded by Major General St. Clair, November 4th, 1791. From the returns of the Adjutant General.
Major General Butler, killed. Colonel Sargent, (Adjutant General) and the Viscount Malartie, acting as Aid-de-Camp, wounded.
Artillery .- Killed-Major Ferguson, Captain Bradford, Lieutenant Spear. Wounded-Captain Ford.
Cavalry .- Wounded-Captain Trueman, Lieutenant de Butts, Cor- net Bhines.
First United States Regiment .- Wounded-Captain Doyle. Second United States Regiment .- Killed-Major Heart, Captains Kirwood, Phelon and Newman, Lieutenant Warren, Ensigns Balch and Cobb .- Wounded-Lieutenant Greaton.
First Regiment of Levies .- Killed-Captains Van Swearingen, Tip- ton and Price ; Lieutenants M'Math and Boyd; Ensigns Wilson, Reeves, Brooks, Chace and Turner; Adjutant Burges; Dr. Grasson. Wounded -Lieutenant Colonel Darke; Captains Darke and Buchannen, Lieu- tenants Morgan, Lyle, M'Rhea, Davidson and Price; Adjutant Whistler.
Second Regiment of Levies .- Killed-Captains Cribbs, Piatt, Smith and Purdy ; Lieutenants Kelso and Lukins ; Ensigns M'Michael, Beat- tie and Purdy ; Adjutant Anderson. Wounded-Lieutenant Colonel Gibson, Major Butler, Captain Slough; Lieutenants Thompson, Cum- mings and Reed ; Ensign Morehead ; Adjutant Crawford.
Kentucky Militia-Killed-Lieutenant Colonel Oldham, Captain Le- man, Lieutenant Briggs, Ensign Montgomery. Wounded-Captains Thomas and Madison; Lieutenants Owens and Stagner ; Ensign Wal- ter and Dr. Ganoe.
Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates .- Killed and missing, 593; Wounded, 214.
N. B. Of the 1st United States Regiment, a small detachment only was in the action, the regiment being on command.
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GREENVILLE TREATY, 1795.
L NO. XXVI. ] GREENVILLE TREATY, 1795.
GEORGE WASHINGTON,
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
To all to whom these presents shall come, greeting :
Whereas, a treaty of peace and friendship between the United States of America, and the tribes of Indians called the Wyandotts, Delawares, Shawanese, Ottawas, Chippewas, Putawatimes, Miamis, Eel-river, Weeas, Kickapoos, Piankashaws, and Kaskaskias, was made and con- cluded on the third day of August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, by ANTHONY WAYNE, Major General, commanding the army of the United States, duly authorized thereto, on the one part, and the Sachems and War Chiefs of the before mentioned nations and tribes of Indians, whose names are thereunto signed, on the other part ; which treaty is in the words and form following, viz :
" A Treaty of Peace between the United States of America and the Tribes of Indians called the Wyandotts, Delawares, Shawanese, Ottawas, Chippewas, Putawatimes, Miamis, Eel-river, Weeas, Kickapoos, Pinkashaws and Kaskaskias.
"To put an end to a destructive war, to settle all controversies, and to restore harmony and a friendly intercourse between the said United States and Indian tribes : ANTHONY WAYNE, Major General, command- ing the army of the United States, and sole commissioner for the good purposes above mentioned, and the said tribes of Indians, by their Sachems, Chiefs and Warriors, met together at Greenville, the head- quarters of the said army, have agreed on the following articles, which, when ratified by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on them and the said In- dian tribes.
ART. 1. Henceforth all hostilities shall cease ; peace is hereby estab- lished, and shall be perpetual ; and a friendly intercourse shall take place between the said United States and Indian tribes.
ART. 2. All prisoners shall on both sides be restored. The Indians prisoners to the United States, shall be immediately set at liberty. The people of the United States still remaining prisoners among the Indians, shall be delivered up in ninety days from the date hereof, to the general or commanding officer at Greenville, Fort Wayne or Fort Defiance ; and ten Chiefs of the said tribes shall remain at Greenville as hostages, until the delivery of the prisoners shall be effected.
ART. 3. The general boundary line between the lands of the United States, and the lands of the said Indian tribes, shall begin at the mouth of Cayaboga river, and run thence up the same to the portage between that and the Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum; thence down that branch to the crossing place above Fort Lawrence; thence westerly to a fork of that branch of the great Miami river running into the Ohio,
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at or near which fork stood Loromie's store, and where commences the portage between the Miami of the Ohio and St. Mary's river, which is a branch of the Miami, which runs into Lake Erie ; thence a westerly course to Fort Recovery, which stands on a branch of the Wabash ; thence south-westerly in a direct line to the Ohio, so as to intersect that river opposite the mouth of Kentucke on Catawa river. And in con- sideration of the peace now established, of the goods formerly received from the United States, of those now to be delivered, and of the yearly delivery of goods now stipulated to be made hereafter, and to indemnify the United States for the injuries and expenses they have sustained dur- ing the war, the said Indian tribes do hereby cede and relinquish for- ever, all their claims to the lands lying eastwardly and southwardly of the general boundary line now described ; and these lands, or any part of them, shall never hereafter be made a cause or pretence, on the part of the said tribes, or any of them, of war or injury to the United States, or any of the people thereof.
And for the same considerations and as an evidence of the returning friendship of the said Indian tribes, and of their confidence in the Uni- ted States, and desire to provide for their accommodation, and for that convenient intercourse which will be beneficial to both parties, the said Indian tribes do also cede to the United States the following pieces of land, to wit: (1) One piece of land six miles square, at or near Loro- mie's store, before mentioned. (2) One piece two miles square, at the head of the navigable water or landing on the St. Mary's, near Girty's town. (3) One piece six miles square, at the head of the navigable water of the Au-Glaize river. (4) One piece six miles square, at the confluence of the Au-Glaize and Miami rivers, where Fort Defiance now stands. (5) One piece six miles square, at or near the confluence of the rivers St. Mary's and St. Joseph's, where Fort Wayne now stands, or near it. (6) One piece two miles square, on the Wabash river at the end of the portage from the Miami of the Lake, and about eight miles westward from Fort Wayne. (7) One piece six miles square, at the Ouatanon or old Weea towns on the Wabash river .- (8) One piece twelve miles square, at the British Fort on the Miami of the Lake, at the foot of the rapids. (9) One piece six miles square, at the mouth of the said river where it empties into the Lake. (10) One piece six miles square, upon Sandusky Lake, where a fort formerly stood. (11) One piece two miles square, at the lower rapids of San- dusky river. (12) The post of Detroit and all the land to the north, the west and the south of it, of which the Indian title has been extinguished by gifts or grants to the French or English governments, and so much more land to be annexed to the district of Detroit as shall be compre- hended between the river Rosine on the south, lake St. Clair on the north, and a general course whereof shall be six miles distant from the west end of lake Erie, and Detroit river. (13) The post of Michili- mackinac, and all the land on the island, on which that post stands, and the main land adjacent of which the Indian title has been extinguished by gifts or grants to the French or English governments ; and a piece of land on the main to the north of the island to measure six miles on lake Huron, or the straight between lakes Huron and Michigan, and to
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GREENVILLE TREATY, 1765.
extend three miles back from the water of the lake or straight, and also the island De Bois Blanc, being an extra and voluntary gift of the Chip- pewa nation. (14) One piece of land six miles square, at the mouth of Chicago river, emptying into the south-west end of Lake Michigan, where a fort formerly stood. (15) One piece twelve miles square, at or near the mouth of the Illinois river emptying into the Mississippi. (16) One piece six miles square, at the old Pioras fort and village, near the south end of the Illinois lake on said Illinois river. And whenever the Uni- ted States shall think proper to survey and mark the boundaries of the lands hereby ceded to them, they shall give timely notice thereof to the said tribes of Indians, that they may appoint some of their wisest chiefs to attend and see tha tthe lines are run according to the terms of this treaty.
And the said Indian tribes will allow to the people of the United States a free passage by land and by water, as one and the other shall be found convenient, through their country, along the chain of posts herein before mentioned ; that is to say from the commencement of the portage aforesaid at or near Loromie's Store, thence along said portage to the St. Mary's, and down the same to fort Wayne, and then down the Miami to Lake Erie -- again from the commencement of the portage at or near Loromie's store along the portage from thence to the river Au- glaise, and down the same to its junction with the Miami at Fort De- fiance : again from the commencement of the portage aforesaid, to San- dusky river, and down the same to Sandusky Bay and Lake Erie, and from Sandusky to the post which shall be taken at or near the foot of the rapids of the Miami of the Lake; and from thence to Detroit. Again, from the mouth of Chicago to the commencement of the portage between that river and the Illinois, and down the Illinois river to the Mississippi, also from Fort Wayne along the portage aforesaid which leads to the Wabash, and then down the Wabash to the Ohio. And the said Indian tribes will also allow to the people of the United States the free use of the harbors and mouths of rivers along the lakes adjoining the Indian lands for sheltering vessels and boats, and liberty to land their cargoes where necessary for their safety.
ART. 4th. In consideration of the peace now established and of the cessions and relinquishments of lands made in the preceding article by the said tribes of Indians, and to manifest the liberality of the United States as the great means of rendering this peace strong and perpetual ; the United States relinquish their claims to all other Indian lands north- ward of the river Ohio, eastward of the Mississippi, and westward and southward of the great lakes and the waters uniting them ; according to the boundary line agreed on by the United States and the King of Great Britain, in the treaty of peace made between them in the year 1783. But reserves from this relinquishment by the United States the following tracts of land. 1st. The tract of one hundred and fifty thousand acres near the rapids of the river Ohio, which has been assigned to Gen. Clark, for the use of himself and his warriors. 2d. The post of St. Vincennes on the river Wabash, and the lands adjacent ; of which the Indian title has been extinguished. 3d. The lands at all other places in possession of the French people and other white settlers among them, of which the Indian title has been distinguished as mentioned in the 3d article ; and 4th.
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The post of fort Massac towards the mouth of the Ohio. To which several parcels of land so excepted, the said tribes relinquish all the title and claim which they or any of them mnay have.
And for the same considerations and with the same views, as above mentioned, the United States now deliver to the said Indian tribes a quantity of goods to the value of twenty thousand dollars, the receipt whereof they do hereby acknowledge; and henceforward every year forever the United States will deliver at some convenient place north ward of the river Ohio, like useful goods, suited to the circumstances of the Indians, of the value of nine thousand five hundred dollars ; reckoning that value at the first cost of goods in the city or place in the United States, where they shall be procured. The tribes to which those goods are to be annually delivered, and the proportions in which they are to be delivered, are the following :
1st. To the Wyandotts the amount of one thousand dollars. 2d. To the Delawares, the amount of one thousand dollars. 3d. To the Shaw- anese, the amount of one thousand dollars. 4th. To the Miamis, the amount of one thousand dollars. 5th. To the Ottawas the amount of one thousand dollars. 6th. To the Chippewas, the amount of one thousand dollars. 7th. To the Putawatimes, the amount of one thou- sand dollars. 8th. And to the Kickapoo, Weea, Elk-river, Piankashaw and Kaskaskias tribes the amount of five hundred dollars each.
Provided, That if either of the said tribes shall hereafter at an annual delivery of their share of the goods aforesaid, desire that a part of their annuity should be furnished in domestic animals, implements of hus- bandry and other utensils convenient for them, and in compensation to useful artificers who may reside with or near them, and be employed for their benefit, the same shall at the subsequent annual deliveries be fur- nished accordingly.
ART. 5th. To prevent any misunderstanding about the Indian lands relinquished by the United States in the fourth article, it is now ex- plicitly declared that the meaning of that relinquishment is this : the Indian tribes who have a right to those lands, are quietly to enjoy them, hunting, planting, and dwelling so long as they please, without any molestation from the United States, but when those tribes or any of them shall be disposed to sell their lands or any part them, they are to be sold only to the United States, and until such sale, the United States will protect all the said Indian tribes in the quiet enjoyment of their lands against all citizens of the United States, and against all other white per- sons who intrude upon the same. And the said Indian tribes again acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the said United States and no other power whatever.
ART. 6th. If any citizen of the United States, or any other white person or persons shall presume to settle upon the lands now relin- quished by the United States, such citizen or other person shall be out of the protection of the United States, and the Indian tribe on whose land the settlement shall be made, may drive off the settler, or punish him in such a manner as they shall think fit ; and because such settle- ments made without the consent of the United States, will be injurious to them as well as to the Indians, the United States shall be at liberty to
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break them up and remove and punish the settlers as they shall think proper, and so effect that protection of the Indian lands hereinbefore stipulated.
ART. 7. The same tribe of Indians, parties to this Treaty, shall be at liberty to hunt within the territory and lands which they have now ceded to the United States, without hindrance or molestation, so long as they demean themselves peaceably, and offer no injury to the people of the United States.
ART. 8. Trade shall be opened with the said Indian tribes ; and they do hereby respectively engage to afford protection to such persons, with their property, as shall be duly licensed to reside among them for the purpose of trade, and to their agents and servants ; but no person shall be permitted to reside at any of their towns or hunting camps as a tra- der, who is not furnished with a license for that purpose, under the hand and seal of the Superintendent of the Department north-west of the Ohio, or such other person as the President of the United States shall authorize to grant such licenses, to the end that the said Indians may not be imposed on in their trade. And if any licensed trader shall abuse his privilege by unfair dealing, upon complaint and proof thereof, his license shall be taken from him, and he shall be further punished according to the laws of the United States. And if any person shall intrude himself as a trader, without such license, the said Indians shall take and bring him before the Superintendent or his deputy, to be dealt with according to law. And to prevent impositions by forged licenses, the said Indians shall at least, once a year, give information to the Superintendent or his deputy, of the names of the traders residing among them.
ART. 9. Lest the firm peace and friendship now established should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, the United States, and the said Indian tribes agree, that for injuries done by individuals on either side, no private revenge or retaliation shall take place; but instead thereof, complaint shall be made by the party injured to the other: By the said Indian tribes, or any of them, to the President of the United States, or the Superintendent by him appointed ; and by the Superin- tendent or other person appointed by the President, to the principal Chiefs of the said Indian tribes, or of the tribe to which the offender belongs ; and such prudent measures shall then be pursued as shall be necessary to preserve the said peace and friendship unbroken, until the Legislature [or Great Council] of the United States shall make other equitable provision in the case, to the satisfaction of both parties. Should any Indian tribes meditate a war against the United States, or either of them, and the same shall come to the knowledge of the before mentioned tribes, or either of them, they do hereby engage to give immediate notice thereof to the general or officer commanding the troops of the United States, at the nearest post. And should any tribe, with hostile intentions against the United States, or either of them, attempt to pass through their country, they will endeavor to prevent the same, and in like man- ner give information of such attempt, to the general or officer command- ing, as soon as possible, that all causes of mistrust and suspicion may be avoided between them and the United States. In like manner the
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APPENDIX-NO. XXVI.
United States shall give notice to the said Indian tribes of any harm that may be meditated against them or either of them, that shall come to their knowledge; and do all in their power to hinder and prevent the same. that the friendship between them may be uninterrupted.
ART. 10. All other treaties heretofore made between the United States and the said Indian tribes or any of them, since the treaty of 1783, be- tween the United States and Great Britain, that come within the purview of this treaty, shall henceforth cease and become void.
In Testimony whereof the said Anthony Wayne, and the Sachems and
War chiefs of the before mentioned nation and tribes of Indians, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. Done at Greenville, in the territory of the United States, north-west of the river Ohio, on the 3d day of August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five.
A. WAYNE, [L. S.]
In presence of, (the word " goods" in the 6th line of the 3d article ; the word " before" in the 26th line of the 3rd article ; the words " five hundred" in the 10th line of the 4th article, and the word " Pianka- shaw" in the 14th line of the 4th article being first interlined.) H. De Butts, first A. D. C. and Sec. to M. G. Wayne ; W. H. Harrison, Aid- de-Camp to M. G. Wayne ; T. Lewis, Aid-de-Camp to M. G. Wayne ; James O'Hara, Quarter-master General ; John Mill, Major of Infantry, and Adjutant General ; Caleb Swan, P. M. T. U . S .; George Demter, Lieut. artillery ; Vigo ; P. Fris La Fontaine ; Ant. Laselle ; H La- selle ; Jno. Beau Bien ; David Jones, Chaplain, U. S. L .; Lewis Beu- fait; R. Lachambre ; Jas. Pepen ; Baties Coutien ; P. Navarre, Wm. Wells, Jacques Lasselle, M. Morin, Bt. Sans Crame, Christopher Mil- ler, Robert Wilson, Abraham x Williams, Isaac x Zane, sworn Inter- preters.
Wyandotts-Tar-he, or Crane, J. Williams, jr., Tey-yagh-taw, Ha- ro-en-you, or half King's Son, Te-haaw-to-rens, Aw-me-yee-ray, Staye- tah, Sha-tey-ya-ron-yah, or Leather Lips, Daugh shut-tay-ah, Sha-aw- runthe.
Delawares-Teta-bokshake, or Grand Glaize King, Le-man-tan-quis, or Black King, Wa-bat-thoe, Magh-pi-way, orRed Feather, Kik-tha-we- hund, or Anderson, Bu-kon-ge-helas, Welle-baw-kee-lund, Pee-kee-tele- mund, or ThomasAdams, Kish-ko-pe-kund, or Capt. Buffaloe, Ame-na- hehan, or Captain Crow, Que-Shawk-fey, or Geo. Washington, Wey- Win-quis, or Billy Siscomb, Moses.
Shawanese-Mis-qua-Coo-na-caw, or Red Pole, Cut-the-we-ka-saw, or Black Hoof, Kay-se-wa-e-serkah, Wey-tha.pa-mat-tha, Nia-nym-se- ka, Way-the-ah, or Long Shanks, Wey-a-pier-sen-waw, or Blue Jacket, Ne-que-vaugh-aw, Hah-goo-see-kaw, or Captain Recd.
Ottawas-Au-Goosh-away, Kee-No-sha-Meek, La Ma-lice, Ma-chi- we-tah, Tho-wo-na-wa, Se-Caw.
Chippewas-Mash-i-pi-nash-i-wish, or Bad Bird, Nah-sho-ga-she, (from lake Superior, ) Ka-tha-wa sung, Ma-sass, Ne-me-kass, or Little Thunder, Pe-shaw-kay, or Young Ox, Nan-guey, Mee-ne-doh-gee-sogh, Pec-wan-she-me-nogh, Wey-me-gwas, Gob-ma-a-tick.
Ottawa-Cee-go-Nickska, (an Ottawa from Sankusky.)
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GREENVILLE TREATY, 1795.
Rutawatames of the river St. Joseph-Thu-pe-ne-bu, Naw-ac, for himself and brother A-fl-me-the, Ne-Nan-se-ka, Kee-sass, or Sun, Ka- ba-ma-saw, for himself and brother Chi-san-saurgan, Su-ga-nunk, Wap- me-me, or White Pidgeon, Warche-ness, for himself and brother Per- dango-shok, Wab-shi-caw-naw, La Chasse, Me-she-ge-the-nogh, for himself and brother Wa-wa-sek, Hingo-swash, A-ne-wa-saw, Naw- budgh, Mis-se-no-go-maw, Wa-werege-she, Thaw-me, or le Blanc, Gee- que, for himself and brother She-win-se.
Patawatamies of Huron-O-ki-a, Chamung, Se-ga-gewan, Na-wan- me, for himself and brother A Gin, Mar-chand, We Na-me-ac.
Miamies-Na-goh-quan-gogh, or Le Gris, Mer-she-kun-nogh-quoh, or Little Turtle.
Miamis and Eel River-Pee-jer-wa, or Richard Ville, Cooh-ker- pogh-fogh.
Eel River Tribe-Sha-me-kun.ne-sa, or Soldier.
Mirmis-Wa-pe-man-gwa, or the White Loon.
Weeds, for themselves and the Piankashaws-A Ma Cun-sa, or Lit- le Beaver, A-Coo-la-tha, or Little Fox, Francis.
Kickapoos and Kaskaskias-Kee-aw-hah, Ne-migh-ka, or Joseph Renard, Pai-dee-ka-nogh.
Delawares of Sandusky-Haw-kin-pum.is-ka, Pay-a-mawk-sey, Ry- tue-co, of the Six Nations, living at Sandusky.
Now know ye, that I have seen and considered the said treaty, do, by and with the advice and consent of the Senant of the United States, accept, ratify and confirm the same, and every article and clause thereof.
In testimony whereof, I have caused the seal of the United L. S. States to be hereunto affixed, and signed the same with my hand. Given at the city of Philadelphia, the twenty-second day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, and in the twentieth year of the sovereignty and inde- pendence of the United States.
GEO. WASHINGTON.
By the President, TIMOTHY PICKERING.
Deposited among the Rolls, in the office of the Department of State. TIMOTHY PICKERING, Sec. of State.
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WESTMORELAND COUNTY.
TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION
AND
STATISTICS OF
WESTMORELAND, WASHINGTON, FAYETTE, ALLEGHENY, SOMERSET, GREENE, ARMSTRONG, BEAVER, BUTLER AND CLARION.
The topographical description of the several counties is presented under the following general heads, viz : Original Organization, Present Limits, Boundaries, Population, Townships, Physical Description, General Statistics, Streams, Education, Towns, Villages, Miscellaneous Matters and Remarks.
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