History of Cumberland and Adams counties, Pennsylvania. Containing history of the counties, their townships, towns, villages, schools, churches, industries, etc.; portraits of early settlers and prominent men; biographies; history of Pennsylvania, statistical and miscellaneous matter, etc., etc, Part 137

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Publisher: W. Taylor
Number of Pages: 1280

USA > Pennsylvania > Adams County > History of Cumberland and Adams counties, Pennsylvania. Containing history of the counties, their townships, towns, villages, schools, churches, industries, etc.; portraits of early settlers and prominent men; biographies; history of Pennsylvania, statistical and miscellaneous matter, etc., etc > Part 137
USA > Pennsylvania > Cumberland County > History of Cumberland and Adams counties, Pennsylvania. Containing history of the counties, their townships, towns, villages, schools, churches, industries, etc.; portraits of early settlers and prominent men; biographies; history of Pennsylvania, statistical and miscellaneous matter, etc., etc > Part 137

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The population in 1820 was 191; in 1830, about 200; in 1840, 180; in 1850, 206; in 1860, 280; in 1870, 291; in 1880, 434; and in 1885 (estimated) 650.

The number of taxpayers (1886) is 176; value of real estate, $S9,038; number of horses, etc., 26; of cows, ete., 29; value of moneys at interest, $50,298; of trades and professions, $9,545; number of pleasure carriages, 16; of gold watches, 13; no timber land.

The first traders were Nicholas Ginter, William Albright, and John G. Morn- ingstar, about 1804. They were followed by Charles Barnitz, Col. E. J. Owings, John H. Aulebaugh, Samuel Isaacs, John Bushey, Sr., Frank Krich- ten. Michael Rielly, Samuel G. Sneeringer, and F. X. Smith. Dr. V. H. B. Lilly, Dr. George Rice, and Dr. G. B. Aiken are the present representatives of the medical profession. Dr. Charles Berluchy, who moved to Gettysburgh in 1816. and Dr. William L. Homback, who died in 1861, were the pioneer physi- cians. Dr. Charles F. Homback practiced here from 1855 to 1877, when he died. Dr. Henry A. Lilly practiced here from 1850 to his death in 1866. George Reinicker, Adam Oister, William Albright kept the first hotels here. The Al- bright tavern is the only survivor of those old hostelries. The first postoffice was opened in the old Anthony Storm tavern in 1844. Nicholas Krichten and Jacob Adams were the first blacksmiths and nailers.

In September, 1882, a meeting presided over by John L. Gubernator, with John H. Krichten, secretary, voted in favor of incorporation. A petition was presented to the commissioners and the borough established. The first elec-

236

HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.

tion in MeSherrystown Borough, held in April, 1884, resulted as follows: Sam- uel L. Johns, burgess; Daniel Fink, V. J. Timmins, F. X. Smith, Dr. G. L. Riee, John A. Poist, Franeis Conrad, councilmen: Emanuel Bunty and Thad- eus A. Smith, justices of the peace; John L. Dougherty, judge: William Sheffer and David M. Johns, inspectors; Lewis Krichten, assessor; William F. Poist, C. D. Smith, William Mummert, Charles Bunty, Lewis Small, J. V. Stambaugh, school directors; E. J. Owings, Michael Sheffer, Jeremiah Johns, auditors; David Martin, constable. Ambrose Eline opposed Burgess Johns, receiving forty-six votes; his opponent receiving fifty-one. In 1885 Dr. V. H. Lilly was elected burgess. In October, 1884, the streets were paved or macad amized.

The convent schools of MeSherrystown date back to 1834, when the trustees of the Young Ladies' School asked the Sisters of Charity of the Emmittsburg Convent to take charge. In 1840 the school building was burned. The trus- tees lost no time in erecting a new house, and this building, with five acres of land, was sold to the Sisters of the Sacred Heart, by whom the buildings were extended and schools eondueted until their removal to Eden Hall in 1851. In 1854 the Sisters of St. Joseph purchased the convent buildings, and were incorporated under the title " The MeSherrytown Novitiate and Academy of St. Joseph," August 31, 1854. Part of what is now the convent proper was used in the academy until 1883, when the present spacious buildings were opened. In this year the department for the education of the blind was estab- lished. Together with the academy the sisters have charge of the two paro- ehial schools in the borough and of the branch convent and schools at Mount Rock, Hanover and Lebanon. The number of the community is 40: of pupils attending the academy, 35; and of pupils attending the two schools of MeSherrystown, 130.

The Building & Loan Association was organized December 13,1883, with138 members. The membership at present numbers 100, with 400 shares and $12,000, leaving interest secured by real estate. S. L. Johns is president, and W. H. Sheffer, secretary. The first building association here was organ- ized in 1879-80.

CHAPTER XXX.

CUMBERLAND TOWNSHIP .*

THE principal streams of Cumberland Township are Marsh Creek and Roek Creek. Willoughby Run, which drains the center of the entire north half, is a tributary of Marsh Creek, forming a confluence with that stream opposite the Reding homestead on Tout's farm. A number of running brooks, some with the pretensions of ereeks, flow southeast into Rock Creek, while several rivulets flow southwest from the center line north and south into Marsh Creek. Roek Creek bounds the township on the east and Marsh Creek on the west, both flowing south into Maryland within a mile of each other, although they are about six miles apart in the northern district of the town-

*For sketch of Borough of Gettysburg, see Chapter XXV, page 181.

237

CUMBERLAND TOWNSHIP.

ship. Cemetery Ridge, Seminary Ridge and Round Top (799 feet above the Atlantic level) are the prominent eminences.

The geological features are dolerite on Culp's Hill; trap along Seminary and Cemetery Ridges to Little Round Top; indurated mud rock, south of Rock Creek bridge; shales and altered sandstone, indurated mixed roek in railroad cut west by north of Gettysburg; argillaceous sandstone at brick-yard northeast of Gettysburg; dolerite, three-quarters of a mile northwest of Gettys- burg; and white feldspathic trap one and one-half miles south of Gettysburg. In 1874 a vein of iron ore was discovered on Howell's farm, two miles west of Gettysburg. In 1872 iron ore was found on the Peter Gintling farm. Lignite was found opposite the fair grounds at Gettysburg, but the vein was light and quality poor.

Southwest of Round Top is the Indian field. Fifty-six years ago this was a clearing of six acres in the midst of a dense forest, with a salt spring at the southern end. Here it is said a great Indian battle was fought, and this spot was cleared to bury the dead, although others say it was sacred festival ground. Here the Wilsons, McNairs and Quinns, all of Revolutionary stock, are supposed to have made the first white settlements in the county.

The population of the township in 1800 was 1,263, including Gettysburg; in 1810, 863-436 males, 404 females, 2 slaves and 21 free colored. In Gettysburg there were 362 males, 313 females, 7 slaves and 43 free colored, aggregating 725, which with the township gives a total population of 1,888 souls; in 1820, 1,022, and in Gettysburg, 1,111; in 1830, 1,010, and Gettys- burg 1473; in 1840, 1,218, and Gettysburg, 1,90S; in 1850 (excluding Gettys- burg) 1,408, including 74 colored; in 1860, 1,325, including 67 colored; in 1870, 1,455, including 53 foreign and 91 colored citizens. The figures for 1860 and former decennial periods include the population of part of Highland. In ISSO the population outside of Gettysburg was 1,512, and of Gettysburg, 2,814.

The number of taxpayers (ISS6) is 460; value of real estate, $566,479; number of horses and mules, 464; cows and neat cattle, 529; value of moneys at interest, $54,905; value of trades and professions, $11,280; number of car- riages, 190; gold watches, 11; silver watches, 1; acres of timber land, 1,956.

In 1809 the stone bridge over Marsh Creek at Bream's tavern was built by William McClellan, for $2,500. The length is 115 feet, with five arches. In 1814 the Marsh Creek stone bridge on the Gettysburg and Emmittsburg road was built by John Murphy. It is 114 feet long, contains five arches and cost $3,500. In 1852 it gave place to the present wooden bridge. In 1846 Joseph Clapsaddle built the Rock Creek wooden bridge on the Harrisburg road for SS50. In 1852 David S. Stoner built a wooden bridge over Marsh Creek on the road from Gettysburg to Nunnemaker's mill, for $1,544. In 1853 John Finley erected the Rock wooden bridge on the Hanover road, near Gettysburg, for $1.490. In 1871 the 120 feet span bridge (wooden) at Hor- ner's mill was rebuilt at a cost of $1,345, by J. M. Pittenturf. In 1871 Gil- bert & Co. erected an iron bridge over Willoughby Run, on the Gettysburg and Fairfield road, ninety feet long, for $13.45 per foot, exclusive of stone work, which was built by Perry J. Tawney. The iron bridge at Hoffman's, which was being built in the winter of 1885-86, was swept away and a man named Herring drowned.

The first road repairing work done in the township after the organization of the county, was in November, 1802, when a small bridge was built over the creek on the Baltimore road near the mill known as "McAllister's Mill." The first road built after the establishment of the county was that from Isaac

238

HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.

Deardorff's mill to Gettysburgh, viewed in 1800 by Thomas Cochran, Alexan- der Irvine, Francis Knouse, Alexander Lecky, James Horner and Samuel Smith of Mountpleasant. The Rock Creek road, otherwise the Baltimore road, an old highway, was repaired for the first time within the bounds of Adams County in June, 1805. During that month William McPherson and Reynolds Ramsey, the road supervisors of Cumberland Township, called on the residents for help. This call was responded to as follows: Rev. Alex Doblin, James McClure, Andrew Bushman, Quintin Armstrong, Robert McCurday, David Horner, Henry Black and Conrad Hoke sent each a wagon and team with one man. Jacob Sharfey, Phoutz J. Armstrong, Jacob Bushman, Robert Works, Hugh Dunwoody, Robert Thompson, Gabriel Walker, Robert McCreary, Henry Black, Michael Miller and Conrad Hoke appeared on the ground them- selves, or sent their men to assist in repairing this road.

The Gettysburgh and Black's Tavern pike was made in 1812; the Balti- more and Carlisle turnpike in 1815; the York and Gettysburg and the Cham- bersburg and Gettysburg pike roads are noticed in the history of other town- ships.

In 1859 the Gettysburg & Harrisburg Railroad was opened for traffic. February 26, 1884, the "Jay Cooke" brought in the first train over the Get- tysburg & Harrisburg Railroad, and two golden spikes were driven. The road was completed and opened for regular traffic April 21, 1884, the first train north being drawn by the locomotive "South Mountain," with Samuel Wiser, engineer; John Sawers, fireman, and Capt. Small, conductor. The second train was drawn by engine "Jay Cooke," with Ephraim McClary, engineer; L. Bailey, fireman; Capt. C. E. Givler, conductor.

In 1869 a street railroad was built from the Hanover Railroad depot to the Springs Hotel, right of way being granted on condition that the company would keep the streets in repair. The conditions were observed for a short time, and in failure the road was condemned.

In 1696 the Five Nations Indians were induced to sell their lands, west of the Susquehanna, to Thomas Dougan, governor of New York. Immediately after, January 13, 1696, the whole tract was deeded to William Penn for £100 sterling, or about $483. Penn then won from the Susquehannas, the original owners, their claims, and subsequently satisfied a claim of the discontented Conestogas, who denied the validity of the Susquehannas' title. In 1736 a deed was given by the five tribes to John Thomas and Richard Penn for all lands west of the Susquehanna to the "setting sun." On this title the pro- prietaries claimed the right to own a tract of land as large as Great Britain, and the claim was held just by the English governors.

There was also the " Carroll Tract" and "Digges' Choice," located in Adams County, under titles granted to Carroll and Digges by Lord Baltimore, but for some years this question of overstepping proprietary rights was confined to the landlords themselves.

Between 1735-36 and 1741 a number of Irish peasantry from the hills of Tyrone, Derry, Cavan, and Sligo Counties, came hither to stay, to erect a free home for themselves at the foot of the old South Mountains. The Ham- iltons, Sweenys, Eddys, Blacks, McClains, McClures, yWilsons, Agnews, Dar- bys and others were here, near Gettysburg, in 1841. Then came the landlords' agent to survey the "Manor of Maske," and a second one to drive off the "squatters," or obtain from them pay for the permission to work in the heat of summer and cold of winter among the rocky hills, who declared "yt if ye Chain be spread again, he wou'd stop it, and then stop ye Compass from ye Surv. Gen." The men who resisted the survey of the "Manor of Maske" were

Johnwicking.

241

CUMBERLAND TOWNSHIP.

prosecuted, but the wisdom of the Peuns prompted a fair settlement with the squatters, which resulted in the Irish peasant becoming his own laborer and master, his own tenant and landlord. This same band of fighters for the right. organized for defense against the Indians and shared in the honors of saving the frontier from many an Indian raid. This same band of peasants first saw the tyranny of the "tea tax," and were among the first to hail the Revolution. They were among the first to recognize the liberty conventions and swear fealty to the act of such conventions in 1775. They were the men who formed McPherson's battalion in 1775, and the Eleventh Pennsylvania Regiment of the line in 1776.

They spoke bad Irish and as bad English, but their shout was heard unmis- takably wherever the wave of revolution struck, and when, with their brothers of the thirteen stars, they raised the flag of the Union, they, at that moment saw the shackles fall from the husbandman, and industry and liberty march forward over the trails and military roads eut by the retreating soldiers of Great Britain.

The German squatters in "Digges' Choice" followed up the principle of the squatters in the "Manor of Maske," but, making only a formal resistance, were on the point of being subjected, when Jacob Kitzmiller shot Dudley Digges, a son of the "landlord " and routed the sheriff. This act, and the acquittal of the peasant, shed new light on the land question, and possibly was the second paving stone in the street which is leading to ownership of land by the cultiva- tor of the land. Does it not seem strange that here on Marsh Creek, where the Irish squatter-cultivator first fought for the ownership of his own labor, the first decisive blow was struck at colored slavery 122 years later?

The pioneers of the township came here between 1733 and 1739, from Ireland. The term "Scotch-Irish of the border" was a name given to these settlers by the colonial land grabbers of the Penn coterie (A. Boyd Ham- ilton, Harrisburg). The tract over which they squatted was wild land when they came; but a few years later, in 1740, the Penns named it "The Manor of the Maske." In 1765 a list of the squatters was made out, which was record ed April 2, 1792. This list gives the names, and dates of original improve- ment of the lands throughout this entire "manor," and from it, with the aid of descendants of the old settlers, the following list of those who resided in this township is taken:

William McClellan, May, 1740.

John Fletcher, June, 1739.

Robert Fletcher, May, 1741.

Samuel Gettys (Rock Creek), - 1740.

John Brown, May, 1741.

Hugh Scott, September, 1740.

Samuel Brown, May, 1741.

Daniel McKeeman, September, 1740.

George Kerr, October, 1740.

Samuel Mccullough, May, 1741.

Henry McDonogh, April, 1739.

James McNaught, May, 1740.

Joseph Clugston, April, 1741.

John McGaughey, April, 1741.

William McCreary, April, 1740.

Joseph Moore, March, 1740. David Moore, March, 1741.

John McNeit, April, 1741.

John Armstrong, April, 1740.

Andrew Thompson, May, 1741.

John Leard, September, 1739. Robert Black, May, 1740.

Thomas Latta, May, 1740.

David Dunwoody, March, 1741.

Hugh Dunwoody, April, 1741.

Thomas Douglass, May, 1740. Alex. Poe, April, 1739.

James Thompson, May, 1741.

Thomas Boyd's heirs, March, 1741.

James Hall, April, 1741. Samuel Paxton and son, March, 1741.

Quintin Armstrong, April, 1741.

John Murphy, April, 1741.

Hugh Woods, March, 1741.

Edward IIall, March, 1741. John Linn, April, 1740. James Walker, May, 1740.

Samuel Eddy, March, 1741.

John Stuart, March, 1741.

Alex. Stuart, April, 1741. Robert Smith, April, 1741.

Myles Sweeney, March, 1741.

Alex. Walker, April, 1741. Moscs McCarley, April, 1739.

13A

Hugh Davis, April, 1739.

242

HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.

The name McPherson does not appear among the original owners. Robert McPherson was a delegate in the convention held at Carpenter's Hall, Phila- delphia, June 18, 1775, and took the oath of allegiance to the Union of States; he was also delegate to the great convention of 1776.

The act of the Pennsylvania Legislature, March 12, 1802, dealing with the purchase and improvement of the "Manor of the Maske" prior to 1741, pro- vided that the original settlers, or their heirs, who were excluded from perfect- ing titles to their lands, owing to State and manor boundary difficulties, be now enabled to acquire title by paying purchase money and interest thereon from 1765 to 1802 to the receiver-general of the land office. This act applied to the settlers in Butler, Menallen, Liberty, Straban, Hamiltonban and Free- dom, as well as to the settlers on the east side of Marsh Creek.

The original tax payers of the township in 1799, and the assessed value of property are given as follows:

NAME. VALUE.

Quintin Armstrong $1,052

Fleming's heirst. 900

Isaac Armstrong *.

746

William Guinn.

375

John Potter Ashbough.

207

George Gayer, wagon-maker. 7

William Braden 646

George Gayer, Sr.

Robert Bigham 459

William Garvin, Jr.

177

Henry Black, miller. 756

John Galloway, sadler

307

Adam Black, wagon-maker

664

George Gantz, mason.

Benjamin Blubough, tanner. 537

Grimes & Wilson.

241

John Bowman .. 16

Conrad Hoke.

892

John Brough, hotel ..

200

Edward Hall§

$74

Jacob Bogh, school teacher.

Patrick Hagen ..

~26

Boyd property. 1,152

James llamers, blacksmith. 297

Christian Bender* 925

Daniel Hack .. 631

William Crawford, physician. 1,240

William Hollen, a minor

William Cobeant, miller. 1,203

William Hamilton.

1,308

Capt. Alex Cobeantt 2,666

875

Henry Cluts ..

873

Robert Horner, merchant.

Cornelius Cornhover.

264

John Cuuuingham, tailor.

264

Nicholas Kevehaver. 1,106

James Cox. .

530

William Klonce, cordwinder. 170

Stophel Culp.

916

John Kissinger . 536

James Cobean.

Martin Cluts.

chants. 837

Alex Irvine, merchant. 1,615

Hugh Linn. . 964

Fred Loug, cordwinder. 1,020

Thomas Douglass.

829

Samuel Lisley 916

James Douglass.

917

Linah Thomas, weaver. $322

Thomas Douglass Jr.

608

Arch. Dickey, millwright.

157

Hugh Dunwoodie. 1,360

William McGaughey 1,121

James Dickson, merchant. 11

William McCreary. 406

David Dunwoodie Sr. 1,942

John McKallen 1,586

David Dunwoodie, Jr. 1,066

Robert Mayer ..

451

George Dunphy, weaver. 127

Daniel Murphy. 819

Widow Douglass. 82

Robert McCurdy 1,794

John Dodds ..

263

James McClure .. 863

Samuel Edie, squire ..

986

William McPhersonttt. 4,551

Widow Agnes McPhersonSS # 190

David Edie. . 80

William McClellan, squire .. 1,516

David Moore .. 1,168

Hugh Fergus, weaver.

510

Michael Miller. 514

Samuel Frye, miller. 533

Widow Mcclellan. 32

Jacob Fox ... 110

John Myers, merchant. 507

James Gettystt

2,314

Widow Miller.

100

* Store-house.

+ Grist-mill.

tt Saw and grist-mill.

¿ Female slave, value $100.

Į Brick house, woman slave, value $25.

¡ Tanner, held male slave, value $150.

+++ Holder of men slaves, valne $300.

¿¿ Holder of man slave, value $150.

1,244

Matthias Coplandtt

Henry Hokell, tanner ..

Jacob Harper, cordwinder.

George Kerr and Kerr & Mitchell, mer-

Christian Culp, wheel wright ..

207

Mathias Culp, blacksmith.

182

Rev. Alex Dobbin* 1,222

John Lower, joiner 22

Conrad Lower, joiner. 157

John Ewing, tailor. 137

Charles Fletcher, blacksmith. 1,157

Christ. Harsha. 1,436

243

CUMBERLAND TOWNSHIP.

NAME.

VALUE.

NAME,

VALI'E

Con. Maynag, cordwinder.

Christian Stouffer ..

302

Wyman Phillip, blacksmith

104

James Scott, hotels.

1,128

Nathan Paxton.

857

John Scott, hotel.

554

George Plank.

756

Samnel Taggert.

419

Samuel Phillips, cordwinder

Robert Tate.

1,458

Reynolds Ramsey, merchants

517

John Troxall.

367

Ilngh Reed. mason

John Wilson.

570

Fred Rumble, blacksmith.

207

Henry Wolf.

George Rumble.

Thomas Wible ..

20℃

William Stewart

918

George Wible.

177

Jacob Shirfey.

1,150

John Wible .. 2,196

John Sweeney ..

1,190

Andrew Wible.

James Sweeney.

1.130

Stephen Wible, Jr

John Shakely

622

Henry Weaver.

1,848

Lewis Shriver.

760

Emanuel Zigler.

537

The single men residing in the township in 1799, were William Ashbongh. potter; John Breaden, tailor; Thomas Breaden, cordwinder; George Boham, James Black, John Black. Robert Black, blacksmiths; James Black, weaver; Elisha P. Barris, Thomas Brown, weavers; Samuel Cobean, John Cluts, weav- ers: James Douglass, hatter; James Dobbin, Henry Duncan, joiners; William Fellons. weaver; William Hall, John Hamilton, weavers; John Hunter, weav- er: Robert Haves, lawyer: Daniel Kissinger, tanner; Jacob Long, Thomas Latta, Matthew Longwill, merchants; William McDead, mason; John Mc- Cleary, tailor; James McNevin, William McKinley, cabinet-makers; Robert McMurdie, weaver; John McCulley, school teacher; David Moore, James Mc. Clillan, Hugh O. Dwyer, Robert Ramsay, cordwinders; James Smith, Hatter; William Sterling, John Shavey, Casper Shavey. Samuel Sloan, joiners: John Scott, miller: James Thompson, wheelwright; John Taylor, mason; and George Dodds. Many of these "single men" possessed some little property, which with the real estate and personal property assessment amounted to $103,931 as as sessed by David Moore, James Gettys and Peter Weikert. The collectors were Edward Hall and Reynolds Ramsey, the rate being 36 cents per $100.

From 1775 to the close of 1865 this division of the State was always well rep- resented in the armies of the Union. During the Revolution no less than 300 men from this portion of York County participated in the battles for liberty. Prior to this time they stood as sentries on the frontier, and in the late war contributed about 2,500 men to the defense of the Union. The first actual signal of the war of 1561-65 seen in the township, was Capt. Stoneman's four companies of cavalry from Carlisle barracks. They encamped May 6, 1861, at Horner's mills.

The men who answered the first call for troops in 1861, residents of Cum- berland Township and Gettysburg, were George Quinn. George Arendt, John Arendt, Sr., John Arendt, Jr., Joseph M. Miller, Charles M. Gallagher and Edward Welty, all of Cumberland Township. Andrew Schick, William Guinn,

¿Female slave, value, $100.

Abraham Stoner .. .

1,227

Hugh Patterson, weaver.

Walter Smith, hatter.

351

Samuel Patterson.

431

Robert Thompson.

1,357

Christian Patzer, joiner.

127

Jacob Troxell

139

Alexander Russell, squires.

2,32×

Joseph Thompson, tailor

John Rutter ..

849

David Troxall.

Christian Rock.

836

William Waikert.

783

Ludwick Rumble.

Joseph Walker.

90分

James Rowan.

148

Gabriel Walker.

1,064

Robert Stewart.

252

Robert Work

Alexander Shannon, tailor

William Work

llenry Spangler, blacksmith

Stephen Wible .

549

Thomas Sweeney.

1,196

John Welty 889

John McNutt ..

244

HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.

Thaddeus Warren, Henry Hughes, Nicholas J. Codori, Jr., James A. Lashall, Dr. T. T. Tate, Charles R. Bushey, John H. Sheads, Henry Chritzman, J. Louis McClellan, Johnson M. Skelly, Jacob Kitzmiller, George W. Myers, Henry J. Fry, John Sheads, A. P. Bollinger, Clinton Danner, Elias Sheads, Samuel George, Alex J. Tate, William Pierce, M. J. Coble, Oscar D. McMillan, Isaac M. McClean, Samuel Vandersloot, Thaddeus S. Welty, John G. Fry, Jr., William Wilson, Frank D. Duphorn, Duncan M. C. Little, William M. C. McGonegal, Peter Warren, George A. Warner, William Wiegantt, and A. J. Cover. John T. McIlhenny was second sergeant: James Adair, fourth sergeant; Adam Doersour, Jr., W. E. Culp and Jerome Martin, of Gettys- burg, corporals; William W. Little, drummer; John Culp and E. G. Fahne- stock, lieutenants: P. J. Tate, quartermaster, and C. H. Buehler, captain. The company of which these men were members was mustered into Company E, Second Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry.

The house immediately south of the National Cemetery was built by Will- iam Guinn in 1776, and occupied July 4 of that year. It was tenanted by Catherine Guinn during the battle of Gettysburg, when thirteen shot and shell entered it, one striking the bureau near which the old lady was sitting. She was eighty-five years old in July, 1876.

CHURCHES.

The Upper Marsh Creek Church stood in what is now the desolate looking "Black's Grave-yard." After Mr. Black's time the congregation pulled down the old church, and built one on North Washington Street, Gettysburg, near the Catholic Church. This was succeeded by the church on Baltimore and High Streets. In 1775 Rev. John Black became pastor of "Upper Marsh Creek." In 1786 he, with others, was sent off to form the Carlisle Presbytery. Owing to congregational difficulties in 1790-94, he in 1794 joined a Reformed Dutch congregation near Hunterstown. His death took place August 16. 1802.

The old log church of the Reformed Presbyterians, which stood on the old Dunwoody farm, now the David Blocher farm, on the Carlisle and Newville road was erected prior to 1774, as Morrow and Dunwoody were ordained elders in 1753, and the society was organized April 8, the same year.

The Covenanters. -- Among the Scotch and Scotch-Irish settlers along Marsh and Rock Creeks were small clusters of families called "Covenanters " because they asserted that the obligation of the "Solemn League and Covenant " of their forefathers were binding upon them. Their presbytery in the mother country took the name of the Reformed Presbytery and they styled themselves Reformed Presbyterians. They had been called Cameronians in Scotland after one of their field preachers, Richard Cameron, who was beheaded in 1680. They had also been known as Mountain People, because in times of per- secution they fled to the mountains to worship in secret places.

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Author: Publication date: Publisher: W. Taylor Number of Pages: 1280

Author:
Publication date:
Publisher: W. Taylor
Number of Pages: 1280