USA > Pennsylvania > Welsh settlement of Pennsylvania > Part 18
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These were some of the servants who eal e over in the ship Vine, in Sept. 1684, besides Griffith Owen's servants :- Edward Edwards, a boy, Lowry Edwards, Margaret Ed- wards, Ann Owen, Hannah Watts and Charles Hughes. It appears from the monthly meeting minutes, 11. 2mo. 1695, that Charles Hughs "married out," and that because David Potts, Owen Thomas, and Evan Harry were at the wedding, "which marriage friends had no unity with," "they were
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dealt with by Robert Owen and Edward Jon. , and there- upon gave forth the following paper of condemnation, viz. For as much as we whose names are hercunto written, for want (" due consideration have unadvisedly been at the dis- honorable marriage of Charles Hughes, and by so doing have transgressed against this good order as established among friends of Truth," &c., hereby acknowledging publicly be- fore the meeting the mistake they made. But in 1722, 5mo. the Radnor Mo. Mtg. was not so certain of its stand as to "dishonorable marriages," as it instructed its representa- tives to the quarterly meeting "to report that the monthly meeting was concerned whether . was necessary to disown such persons as go to the priest to marry, or only advise them."
The Gwynedu meeting was formed by sanction of the Radnor Mo. Mtg. at the desire of Friends there, and they were "to meet second weekly Third day of every month" beginning in 2mo. 1699. But they were not authorized till in 6mo. 1702, "to keep a preparative meeting among them- selves."
Recorded at the Radnor Monthly Meeting is the undated, unsigned, certificate, from some Meeting in Wales, un- named, of "Treharn David, who hath gone now 13 or 14 months since for Pensylvania with Janne his wife, being noe more in family but they both." "Treharne lived with our friend John Bevan for many years," in Wales.
William Morgan, and his wife Elizabeth, who came over in the "Morning Star," 20. 9mo. 1683, had been "servants," but in the passenger list they were described "both free," having served their "time."
From the burial records of the Merion Meeting come the following particulars about other servants, white and black, of early times, who should not be passed by, for they, like their masters, had a part in the opening and settling of this new country.
1714. 8. 9. "David Lewis, servant of Morris Llwellyn." 1714. 10. 8. "Morgan Thomas, servant to Robert Evans"
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1714-5. 11. 16. "Robert Vincent, servant to Jon Jones." 1714-5. 12. 27. "Bumbo, a young negro."
1716. 4. 5. "Catharine Griffith, servant to Evan Ilarry." 1717. 10. 30. "George Eves, burnt at Edward Jones'." 1718. 10. 14. "Rowland Ellis' tenant," ( ? Thomas Owen). 1719. 7. 14. Thos. Evans, "living at David Mirick's place." 1719. 10. 27. "Ship, Henry Pugh's Negro."
1720. 1. 5. "William Worm, servant to Hugh Evans"
This Hugh Evans had considerable trouble when he pro- posed to marry the lady of his choice, according to a minute of the Radnor Mo. Mtg. He desired to marry Lowrey Lloyd, the daughter of Rees John William, of Merion, and widow of Robert Lloyd, of Merion, who died in 1714, but the union was objected to by friends on the ground "of too near affinity," "she being Hugh's deceased wife's mother's sis- ter's daughter." Hugh held that Lowrey was of no kin at all to him, but the monthly meeting thought otherwise, so the matter was referred to the quarterly meeting, which allowed the marriage to take place, and the wedding was at the Merion meeting house, on 13, 12mo. 1716-7.
1720-1. 11. 26. "A young Negro of Edward Reese."
1720-1. 12. 17. "old Bassel, negro to Edward Reese."
1726-7. 1. 13. "Black IIannah."
1745. 6. 2. "A child of Edward Williams' maid."
1746. 9. 2. "Will, a Negro of Edward Price."
1748. 8. 29. "Black Peter."
1749. 10mo.
"Old Caesar, Reese Reese's negro."
1749. 6. 28. "A Dutch. . from Evan Jones place."
1752. 10. 10. "A Dutch woman from Evan Jones' place."
1754. 11. 20. "A dutchman from Anthony Tunis's."
1754. 10. 22. "Dutch girl from Philip Creakbeam's."
1756. 4. 13. "A Dutch Woman from William Stadle- man's. Supposed to be Poisoned by a Dutchman, from Lan- caster, who was Tryed & Convicted, but Reprieved"
The Welsh monthly meeting several times issued instruc- tions to the preparative meetings, that as the matter of discharging servants, whose time had expired, was an im-
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portant one, masters were commanded to give the new freem. 1 certificates as to conduct, &c., as a protection to the community (hence, possibly, our servant's "refer- ences"). It also ordered, none should encourage servants to buy their time, by lending them money to do so, or going bond for them without master's consent.
In an advertisement in the American Weekly Mercury, Philadelphia, 26 May, 1720, "Samuel Lewis, of Harford in the county of Chester," offers thirty shillings reward for the return to him of his runaway servant, Thomas Roberts, aged about thirty years. The description of the clothes of this servant may give some idea of how his "betters" dressed. "He wore a duroy coat lined with silk, a leath- ern jacket and breeches."
It is singular but never in all the wills of the ancient Welsh Friends, which frequently mentioned purchased Ne- groes, and bequeathed them as chattel, have I found an instance of a devisor liberating his slaves. It was the cus- tom of the day to own "blacks," and Penn himself then was only interested in "regulating Negroes in their Morals and Marriages," and in "the regulations of their trials and pun- ishments." His whole interest in the negro was, that "he should receive proper treatment while in bondage." In 1688, the German Friends were the first to protest to the Yearly Meeting against slavery of Negroes, but for fifty years, the Yearly Meeting went no further in the matter than to ad- vise against buying newly imported Negroes, although Ralph Sandiford, a Philadelphia Friend, worked hard in 1730-40, with pamphlets and addresses to suppress slavery alto- gether in Pen ylvania.
Of the second and much smaller "Welsh Tract" much has been printed, but there never seemed to be the same interest in it for the Land Commissioners, which they had in the first and greater, and, in fact, they had no particular reason to watch it, for its settlers made no singular claims, nor were many of its men remarkable in provincial affairs.
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Of these "Gwynedd Welsh," it is said they "in general did not at first profess with the Quakers, [being "Bap- tists"], but afterwards they, with "many others" as the neighborhood increased, joined the religious society with them, and were an industrious, worthy people." One of the longest to be remembered was Ann Roberts, who died 4 June, 1750, aged 73 years, having been a minister among Friends for fifty years.
The nucleus of this second Welsh Tract was a large tract of land in the upper part of old Philadelphia county, owned by Robert Turner, and purchased by people from North Wales, and afterwards was generally known as "North Wales," and the "Gwynedd Settlement." This emigration Mr. Jenkins# places in 1698, and ascribes it to the influ- ence of Hugh Roberts, the minister, who was in Wales the previous year; but why Hugh did not secure these settlers for the greater Welsh Tract, in which he was certainly more interested, rather than for Gwynedd tp., where he owned no land, is not apparent.
On 22 March, 1681, Penn granted by patent of this date, 5,000 acres of Pensylvania land to Robert Turner, ; who,
*"Gwynedd" by Howard M. Jenkins (1884). P. 22.
t Mr. Turner, who became an important official in Philadelphia, had been frequently roughly handled for being a Quaker. In 1657, "being at Meeting in Londonderry, he was haled out and dragged along the streets by his Armes and Leggs, the Mayor of the City help- ing with his owne hands, and so turned him out of the City. And about two or three Dais after haled him again in like manner as before, and tied him upon a bare Horse Back with a Hair Rope, and so far their Sport, and Mocking led him at their Pleasure." But Mr. Turner's experience was not singular in Ireland, for there are hun- dreds of similar "sufferings" of Friends mentioned in the works of Fuller and Holme, (1671) ; "Sufferings of the People Call'd Quakers," (Dublin, 1731) ; Stockdale's "The Great Cry of Oppression," (1683) ; Wight, (1700), in his "I story of the People Called Qu kers," Dub- lin, 1751, and Myers's "Immigration of Irish Quakers into Pensylva- nia."
A score of Mr. Turner's deeds for lands to the Welsh at Gwynedd may be seen in Exemplification Book, No. 7, pp. 381, &c. Recorder's office, Philadelphia.
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with Robert Zane, and other Dublin Friends, six years before this, had been a grantee for tracts of West Jersey land, purchased from Friend Byllings, and had started the settlement of English speaking people in that country, which furnished William Penn with the idea for another such scheme for himself. Mr. Turner increased his holdings as follows :-
By deed, 8 Sep. 1685, he bought 2,500 acres which Penn had sold to John Gec, of King's Co., Ireland, and, 29. 7. 1685, 1,250 acres from Joseph Fuller, of King's Co., and 8 March, 1695, 1,250 acres from Jacob Fuller, of King's Co., making Turner's holding in Pensylvania 10,000 acres. Of this Penn confirmed to him 7,800 acres, laid out in Philadel- phia County. By deed, 10. 1mo. 1698-9, Turner sold this tract to two Welshmen, William ap John and Thomas ap Evan, of Philadelphia, and they, by several deeds in 1699, sold this land to the following parties, who, on 25. 11mo. 1702, hav- ing had their parcels of land resurveyed, according to the order, to find "overplusage" for Penn, rendered the follow- ing statement, showing their correct acreage :-
Acres. Over.
Acres. Over.
Ellis, or Da'd Pugh. 220
231
Edward Pugh .* .. 100
Evan Hugh
100
110
Cadwall'dr ap Evan.
500 609
John Hugh
500 648
Owen ap Evan
400
538
John Humphrey
450
561
Rob't ap Hugh
200 232
Rob't ap Evan
5,005 1,034
William John .1,900 2,866
Edward Faulk
400
712
Thomas Evan
700 1,049
Robert Jones
500
720
William Joli'n
150
322
Robert Evan
200 250
Evan Robert
100
110
Evan ap Hugh.
400 1,068
Hugh Griffith
200
376
David Pugh .*
200
*" (Brothers, Evan holds all, other two dead.)"
It may be seen that the overplus on these 7,800 acres was 11,436 acres. No wonder that Penn had new surveys made of old grants. However, he allowed these unfortu- nates to purchase in all 2,846 acres of the "overs," and, in 11mo. 1702, these Welsh grantees, and their heirs, and those who had bought of them, obligated themselves to pay Penn
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WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
the amounts as below. This table also shows the amounts owing, or "continued," after a cash payment :-
Obligation. Continued. Rob't Jolın, Win. John, Edw'd Faulk. £535.10. 8 $269. 5. 4 Tho. Evan, Cadw. ap Evan, Rob't ap
Hugh 140.18.11 80. 7. 5
Owen ap Evan, Robert Evan 216. 5. 3 104. 2. 7
Robert Evan, Evan ap Hugh 134.12. 6 67. 8.3
Jno. Humphrey, Jno. Hugh 75.00. 3 37.10. 2
Hugh Griffith & Son. 22.17. 9 11. 8.10
Robert John
3.00. 0
Owen ap Evan
5.
William John, (Pd by Ja. Logan)
15.
Thomas Evan, (Pd by Ja. Logan)
10.
Robert Evan
10.
John Hugh
15.
Edward Faulk
10.
Evan Pugh
5.
In the latter end of the year 1698, the purchasers of these lands began removing to "North Wales." Among the early arrivals were Thomas, Robert, and Owen Evans, William Jones, Cadwalader Evans, 1664-1745, (an ancestor of Mr. Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala, as elsewhere), Hugh Griffith, John Hugh, &c., as in these lists. Some of these gentlemen subsequently purchased considerable land in the first, or great Welsh Tract, and removed there, having become Quak- ers, and intermarried with the Welsh pioneer families there, as may be seen in the following chart.
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(1) HENRY LEWIS, in Pa. 1682.
(3) CADWALADER AP EVAN, (4) ROBERT AP CADWALADER, in Pa. 1698.
in Pa. 1700.
(5) JOHN AP EDWARDS, in Pa. 1682.
(6) EVAN MORRIS, in Pa. 1690.
Elizabeth Hayes, (2) DAVID JONES, Sarah (Evans) Hank. John Roberts, in Pa. 1699.
m. Elizabeth Edwards.
Morris Morris.
Hannah Hayes, m. James Jones. Jane Hank. 212.
- John Roberts, Jr.,
Joshua Morris.
Isaac Jones.
(9) Job Roberts.
Mary (Morris) Mather.
(7) Elizabeth W. (Jones) Levick.
Jane Roberts, m.
Charles Mather.
(8) Samuel Jones Levick. Philadelphia.
m.
(8) Susanna Morris Mather.
Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala.
WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
Notes to the aforesaid chart.
(1)-Some account of HENRY LEWIS, and his Welsh Tract land, has been given. Ile came with his wife Marga- ret, from Narbeth, Pembrokeshire, in 1682. In 1681, when still a member of the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting, he was of a committee appointed "to visit the poor and the sick, and administer what they should judge convenient, at the ex- pense of the meeting." Besides being the foreman of the first Grand Jury of Philadelphia County, he was one of the three "peace makers," he being the representative from the Welsh Traet, appointed by the county court, an office created by act of assembly, at the second session. Their duty was to determine matters in litigation, and subject to appeal to Court; they were to prevent law suits if possible, and dis- courage litigation, and "to hear and end differences betwixt man and man." It has been said he was the beloved and trusted friend of William Penn. His daughter, Elizabeth, b. at Narbeth, 14. 12mo. 1677, married in 1697 Richard Hayes, Jr., who removed from Ilminston, Pembrokeshire, to Haverford, in 1687, with his parents. His mother, Isatt Hayes, is frequently mentioned in Haverford Monthly Meeting minutes as active in work among the Haverford Friends. Richard Hayes, Jr., was a justice of the court in Chester Co., and member of the Pensylvania Assembly for many years. His wife d. 25. 3mo. 1742, and the Phila- delphia Quarterly Meeting has recorded the testimony re- specting her :- "She was a faithful Elder among us for several years, a good example to the flock."
(2)-DAVID JONES removed from Wales with his wife Katherine and two children, about 1700, and bought 350 acres of land, located in Blockley tp., at Haverford road and 63d street. His sister, Ellen Jones, m. Robert Jones, of Merion, a son of John ap Thomas, the associate of Dr. Jones. He was a prominent Friend in both countries. The Friends' minister, William Edmundson, in his Journal (printed), mentions him. He brought his certificate from
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PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
the Monthly Meeting at Hendri Mawr, dated 21. 12mo. 1699-00, signed by Robert Vaughan, Cadwalader Ellis, Evan Rees, Edward Ellis, Thomas Richards, Edward David, Owen Lewis, Ellis Lewis, Rowland Owen, Thomas Cadwalader, and John Robert. He also had a certificate from the men's meeting in Haverford West, dated 4. 1mo. 1699-00, and among the signers were Andrew Llewellyn, James Lewis, Peregrine Musgrave, Evan Bowen and John Roger. The records of the Haverford Monthly Meeting say of him, "lie was one of the first appointed an Elder in the Haverford Meeting." He d. 27. 6mo. 1725, and was buried at the Mer- ion Meeting House. His wife was also an active member of this meeting, being "an inspector of conversation," and a "visitor," and represented Haverford in the Quarterly Meet- ing. After her husband's death, she had a certificate from the Radnor Monthly Meeting to the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting, and d. 23. 5mo. 1764. Their Bible, "printed yn Llundian," 1678, records the births of James Lewis, on 8th mo. 10th, 1638, and "Katerin Lewis, ye 25th of 12th month 1640," who may have been the parents of David's wife, Katherine, who had a brother James Lewis, of Llanddewy, whose letters to her are extant. Their son James Jones, b. 31. 5mo. 1699, d. in Blockley tp. 27. 3mo. 1791, aged 92 years. He m. Hannah Hayes, at Haverford Meeting, 10. 8mo. 1727, and had Isaac Jones, who m. at Burlington (N. J.) Meeting 26. 11mo. 1778.
(3)-CADWALADER AP EVAN, mentioned elsewhere, came from Fron Gôch, Merionethshire, and died in the Gwynedd settlement, in 1745, age 81 years. He married in Wales, Ellen, daughter of John Morris, of Bryn Gwyn, and their daughter, Sarah Evans, married John Hank, of White Marsh, and had issue as mentioned before.
(4, 5, 9) -The ancestry of ROBERT ap CADWALADER is un- known. He was one of the early settlers of Gwynedd, and his son, John Roberts, who married Elizabeth, daughter of the Merion settler, (5) JOHN ap EDWARD, of whom
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elsewhere, was the founder of the Roberts family of "Wood- lawn" plantation, Whitpain tp., Montgomery Co., Pa., where seven successive generations of Roberts blood have resided. On this property is another stone mansion, erected in 1715, according to the date-stone, called "Woodlawn Farm," which was the home of (9) Job Roberts, who was known as "the Pensylvania farmer," and was the pioneer of scien- tific farming, on which subject he published a book in 1804. He was a magistrate for twenty-nine years. This family was also remarkable for longevity, as Job Roberts died aged 96 years, his father, John Jr., died at 90 years, and his grandfather, John Roberts, at 96 years.
(6)-EVAN MORRIS was an early settler in the Gwy- nedd district, and a prominent Friend. He and his wife, Gainor, brought certificates, dated 8. 5mo. 1690, from the Quarterly Meeting at Tyddyn y Garreg, Merioneth, filed with the Philadelphia Monthly Meeting. His son, Morris Morris, gave the land on which the Richland meeting house was built, and also endowed the Friends' school there, which many of his descendants attended. His wife, Susanna Heth, or Heath, was "an eminent minister in the Society of Friends."
(7)-ELIZABETH WETHERILL JONES, (wife of Ebenezer Levick, and mother of the Friends' minister, Samuel J. Levick), whose interesting "Recollections of Her Early Days," in Philadelphia, were printed in book-form, in 1881, was born at No. 17 Pine Street, Philadelphia, her parents' home, on 5. 6mo. 1789. She was the youngest child of Isaac Jones, and his wife, Mary Wetherill, (who is buried at the Merion Meeting House), married at the Burlington Meet- ing, 26. 11mo. 1778, and died at the home of her son, Dr. James Jones Levick, at 12th and Arch streets, Philadelphia, 21. 11mo. 1886, aged over 97 years and six months, and was buried in Friends' Southwestern Ground, Philadelphia. Dr.
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PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
Lev' k mentioned, was noted for his interest in the Welsh settlement of Pensylvania, and published many valuable articles about the settlers of "Merion in the Welsh Tract." He d. 25. 6mo. 1893, aged 69 years. She also had a son, Wil- liam Manlove Levick, of Philadelphia, a lawyer.
(8)-SAMUEL JONES LEVICK, of Philadelphia, whose Life was written and published, in 1895, by Hugh Foulke, of Philadelphia, was the son of Ebenezer Levick, a Philadel- phia merchant, and Elizabeth Wetherill Jones, married at the Pine Street Friends' Meeting, Philadelphia, 1. 5mo. 1816, and was born 30. 8mo. 1819. He was educated at the Friends' Westtown Boarding School, in Chester Co., and according to the memorial of him, prepared for the Phila- delphia Monthly Meeting, and approved by the Quarterly Meeting, 2. 5mo. 1889, "he became a public ambassador for Christ in his twenty-first year, continuing in the work of the ministry for over forty-five years. His gift therein was acknowledged by the Richland Monthly Meeting in Fourth month, 1842, and confirmed by Abington Quarterly Meeting of ministers and elders, in Fifth month of the same year."
The memorial tells that Mr. Levick travelled much in the work of the Friends' ministry in all parts of the Union, and that "he was a man of strong and earnest convictions, and very plain and outspoken in the expressison of his views." "He was deeply interested in public affairs, both nation :.! and local, active in the work of organized charities in our city." At the time of his decease, he was the secretary of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. In early life, Mr. Leviek became an active worker for the aboli- tion of slavery, and was a member of the Junior Anti-Slav- ery Society. He was also a member of the "Peace Society" of Philadelphia, which, in January, 1839, took up the matter of forming a "Congress of Nations," in which such matters that led to war between nations could be peacefully adjusted,
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WELSHI SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
which is a prominent proposition of the present day. Mr. Levick died at his home in West Philadelphia on 19. 4mo. 1885, and was buried at the Merion meeting house, as lie desired, when "testimonies were borne by several Friends in the ministry from different meetings," of both branches of the Society of Friends. He was twice married, first to Ellen, daughter of Caleb Foulke, at the Richland Friends' Meeting, on 3. 4mo. 1841; she died in 1842, and he married secondly, on 17. 10mo. 1844, Susanna Morris Mather, who died 9. 4mo. 1904, and was buried at the Merion meeting house. Mr. Levick had by his first wife an only child
Jane Foulke Levick, who m. first, Edwin A. Jackson, issue died young. She m. secondly, in Philadelphia, 17 Oct. 1910, William W. J. Cooke.
Mr. Levick by his second wife, Susanna Mather, who was the granddaughter of Isaac Mather (and Mary Morris), son of Rich. rd (and Sarah Penrose), son of Joseph Mather and his wife, Elizabeth, only child of John Russell, who pur- chased several hundred acres of land from Penn, in 1683, in Cheltenham tp., much of which still remains with Mather descendants, had,-
1-Lewis Jones Levick, of Bala, and Philadelphia, m. Mary d'Invilliers, of Philadelphia, and had,-
I. Henry Lewis Levick, of Bala.
II. Mary Sabina Levick, m. Winthrop C. Neilson, of Philadelphia, and had Lewis Winthrop.
III. Louis e Jamart, wife of George B. Atlee. IV. Suzanne Levick, of Bala.
2-Charles Mather Levick, deceased. He m. Henrietta Wilson, his brother's widow. No issue.
3-Samuel Jones Levick, Jr., deceased. He m. Anna E. Bullock, and had, --
I. Anna Lucile Levick, m. Dr. Deemer.
II. Florence Levick, m. Joseph Sullivant.
III. Elizabeth Wetherill Levick, m. William Hicks.
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៛
PLANTERS AND SERVANTS
4-William Ebenezer Levick, deceased. He m. Henrietta Wilson. No issue.
5-James Jones Levick, Jr., unmarried.
On an abandoned road, near Norristown, which was a short cut between the two Welsh settlements, was the little smithy of Ellis Robert, patronized by people we have heard of, as may be learned from his extant "Day Book," in which it is written that he bought it of Thomas Pugh, a Welshman, and a Philadelphia bookseller, on 21. 6mo. 1703. The black- smith's first entry in it was on "ye 13th of ye 3rd month, 1703," when he records, "Cadwalader Morgan, dr. 1 day's harvest work, 3s. 6d." And "26th day of ye 4th month, 1703, Ellis David of Goshen, 1 day's work, 1 shilling." In
5th month, next, "For soying with Griffith Jones 12 hun- dred of Oak & Poplar, £1. 15s. 6d." "ye 18th day of ye 3 month, 1703, Cadwalader Jones dr. for 2 days' work, 3s. 4d." His account book runs into the year 1705, and he had customers of many kinds, and from various places, but prin- cipally North Wales inhabitants, and for these he repaired plows, sharpened hoes, mended implements, and harness, besides did some horse shoeing. Among his customers in these years were, Richard Pugh, Edward Jarman, John Wil- liamson, Thomas Craffot, Samuel Brockes, Jacob Cofing, Hernell Cassel, John Good, Morris Roberts, the widow Clancy, John Michinar, Richard Blackham, Matthew Jones, David Hughes, John Meredith, Evan Griffith, William Thomas, John Welles, William Robert Ellis, Thomas Griffith, Rowland Richard, John Morgan, Thomas David, of Valley, John Evans, John Roberts, David Howel, Thomas Louis, John David Thomas, David Harvey Rees, William Thomas Hugh, Robert Williamson, of Goshen, Edward Watgin, John Davis, of ye Gulfe, and John Cadwalader, who "paid for the bell, 4s. 3d. Three pounds remain unpaid." John Cadwal- ader, who died in Oct. 1742, in the island of Tortola, W. I., where Thomas Chalkley died 4 Nov. 1741, was in debt to
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WELSH SETTLEMENT OF PENSYLVANIA
another man, in the following item. The long will, all in Welsh, of Cadwalader David ap Hugh, of Gwynedd, dated 23 Nov. 1700, gives to Hugh ap Edward £18, and appoints brother Evan ap Hugh, and Edward Foulke to be guar- dians, and overseers. He had considerable money loaned out at interest, although he was a "workingman," Among his borrowers were John Cadwalader, Hugh William, David Evan, of Radnor, Ilugh ap William, Edward Griffith, Rob- ert Hugh, and Robert John, for whom he was working when the will was made.
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NOBLE AND GENTLE WELSH FAMILIES
SOME WELSH FRIENDS' PEDIGREES
It has already been remarked that the leading men of the Welsh barony were well educated gentlemen, or yeoman, men of good standing, affairs, and estates, in the neighbor- hoods whence they came to America, before 1700. Further, some of these were remarkable as to their pedigrees; a matter always carefully looked after and transmitted by Welsh gentlemen, as well as by people of refinement of other nationalities.
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