USA > Tennessee > Bedford County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc, Vol.2 > Part 36
USA > Tennessee > Marshall County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc, Vol.2 > Part 36
USA > Tennessee > Wilson County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc, Vol.2 > Part 36
USA > Tennessee > Maury County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc, Vol.2 > Part 36
USA > Tennessee > Williamson County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc, Vol.2 > Part 36
USA > Tennessee > Rutherford County > History of Tennessee, from the earliest time to the present; together with an historical and a biographical sketch of Maury, Williamson, Rutherford, Wilson, Bedford and Marshall counties, besides a valuable fund of notes, reminiscences, observations, etc., etc, Vol.2 > Part 36
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865
BEDFORD COUNTY.
"Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Tennessee, that the lines and boundaries of Bedford County shall be as follows, to wit: Beginning on the northeast corner of Maury County and running south with the eastern boundary line thereof to the extreme height of the ridge dividing the waters of Duck River from the waters of Elk River; thence eastwardly to the extreme height of said ridge to the present eastern boundary line of the said county of Bedford; thence north to the south boundary line of Rutherford County: thence westwardlwwith the said line to the southern boundary line of Williamson County, and thence with the said line of Williamson County to the begin- ning."
Section 2 of the act provides for the appointment of John Atkinson, William Woods, Bartlett Martin, Howell Dandy and Daniel McKissack as commissioners to locate a county site for the new county on Duck River, within two miles of the center of the county. Benjamin Bradford and John Lane were subsequently added to the above com- mission by the Legislature. The county was resurveyed by Malcom Gilchrist, and the county site was located temporarily at the house of Amos Balch, on the Lewisburg road, two and one-half miles southwest of the present county seat. In May, 1810, however, the county site was permanently located at Shelbyville, 100 acres of land being donated for that purpose by Clement Cannon. Amos Balch and William Galbreath cach offered to donate to the commissioners fifty acres on which to locate the county seat, but as the site selected was more central and the donation more liberal their offers were rejected.
Bedford County was materially reduced in territory by the formation in 1836 of Coffee County on the east, and again in 1837 by Marshall County on the west. At present Bed- ford County is bounded on the north by Ratherford County, northeast by . Cannon County, east by the counties of Cannon and Coffee, south by the counties of Moore and Lincoln, west by Marshall County, and has an area of about 475 square miles. Originally the the county was divided into twenty-five civil districts, but upon the formation of Mar- shall County in 1837 a number of these districts were placed in that county, and other districts have since been merged into each other, and at present there are only nineteen districts, they being designated numerically as First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth. Eleventh. Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty- first, Twenty-second, Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth.
In 1810 the population of Bedford County was 8,242, and in 1830 had increased to 30,- 396. At that time it was the most populous county in the State. The formation of the new counties referred to before and various other causes, reduced the population materi- ally, and in 1870 it amounted to only 24,333. and at present the population is about 26,100. The voting population is about 4,500, and at the presidential elec- tion of 1884 Mr. Cleveland received in the county a majority of 171 votes over Mr. Blaine, though the usual Democratic majority far exceeds that given to Mr. Cleveland. Bedford County has a total area ot 332,800 acres, of which 203,511 were improved in 1885. During the above year the total value of property assessed for taxes was $5,183,560. There are in the county 741 town lots, at a total value of $522,515. The taxes of 1885 amounted as follows: Poll tax $7,508; State tax $13,787.41; county tax $11,489.51; school tax $21,295.41; road tax $1.399.84. The tax levy for 1886 was 20 cents on the $100 worth of property for county purposes; 20 cents on the $100 and $1 poll for school purposes; 11 cents on $100 for roads and high ways.
The cereal products of the county for 1885 were of corn 1,682,358 bushels; wheat 257,- « 425 bushels; oats 87,408 bushels; rye 6,145 bushels, and of barley, 108 bushels. During the same year there was owned in the county live-stock as follows: 11,426 head of horses and . mules, 14,188 head of cattle, 16,020 head of sheep and 46,251 head of hogs.
The first court house was erected in 1810 or 1811. The building was of frame, very sinall, and stood on the northwest corner of the Public Square. A second building, this time of brick, was erected in a few years, and stood in the center of the Square. This building was destroyed by a tornado in 1830. In its stead was soon afterward erected a large brick court house on the site of the one destroyed, which stood until 1863, when it
866
HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
was destroyed by fire. together with a large portion of the county records. A party of Confederate soldiers had taken quarters in the court house, and through their carelessness the building was set fire to and entirely destroyed. Upon the reopening of the courts after the war they were held in various buildings, principally in a hotel which stood on the south side of the Square, and in 1869 the erection of the present court house was begun. but was not completed until 1873. The building is one of the largest and bandsomest court houses in the State, and was erected at a cost of about $120,000. It is of brick. with rock foundation. The principal court room is 40x90 feet in size: county court room. 20x40 feet. and chancery court room, 20x40 feet. The circuit and chancery court rooms are on the second floor, while the county court room and county officials' quarters, six in number, are on the first floor. Besides these there are four jury rooms. and in the basement are eight good rooms. Including the porches the building is 120 feet long and 91 feet wide. The pillars for the lower porches are of blue limestone. square, and in Ashler masonry, while those above are of cast iron, Corinthian in style. The building is surmounted by an elegant cupola, containing a clock and bell that cost $1,500. The building stands in the center of the Square, and is surrounded with a grassy plat, inclosed with a neat and substantial iron fence, erected on a stone base. Altogether it is a handsome edifice, aud presents a striking appearance, and of which the citizens may well be proud.
Several jails were erected by the county at different times, all of which were of small consequence, until the building of the present jail in 1866 at a cost of $35,000. The jail is a solid stone building, two stories in height, and is one of the most secure jails in the State. It is conveniently arranged into cells and corridors, and light and air are admitted through several long. narrow windows, through which the smallest person could not cs- cape. It is one of the handsomest and most conspicuous buildings in Shelbyville.
In 1832 the first poor asylum was established by the county. At that time 160 acres of land were purchased. lying in the Third District, three miles northeast from Shelby- ville, adjoining Horse Mountain, on which were standing several log houses, which were fitted up for the accommodation of the county's poor. In 1883 two substantial frame houses of two rooms each, 16x18 feet, were erected at the asylum at a cost of $2,500. These buildings were burned in May, 1886, and new ones in their place are in course of construction, the county court having appropriated $2,500 for that purpose at its July meeting.
Bedford County is traversed by numerous turnpikes or macadamized roads, a major- ity of which lead to and from the county seat. The average cost of these turnpikes was $1,500 per mile, and toll-gates are established every five miles, by means of which the ex- pense of construction and maintenance of the pikes is derived. The turnpikes of this county, their establishment and the number of miles of each are as follows: Shelbyville, Murfreesboro & Nashville Pike, built in 1832, 12 miles; Shelbyville & Fayetteville Pike, built in 1852, 9 miles; Shelbyville & Lewisburg Pike, built in 1856, 11 miles; Shelbyville & Unionville and Shelbyville, Richmond & Petersburg Pikes, built in 1858, 18 miles of the former and 9 of the latter; Shelbyville & Fairfield Pike, built, part in 1859 and com- pleted in 1865, 8 miles; Shelbyville. Flat Creek & Lynchburg Pike, built in 1875, 9 miles: Shelbyville & Fishing Ford Pike, built in 1875. 5 miles; Shelbyville & Tullahoma Pike, built in 1874, 10 miles; Shelbyville & Wetumpka Pike, built in 1881, 5 miles; Shelby- ville & Versailles Pike, built in 1885, 8 miles: Wartrace & Beach Grove Pike. built in 1874, 6 miles: Bellbuckle & Flatwood Pike, built in 1882, 5 miles; Bellbuckle & Beach Grove Pike, built in 1882, 6 miles, and Bellbuckle & Liberty Gap Pike, built in 1892, 5 miles.
The bridges of importance of Bedford County, together with their cost and carliest time at which bridges were built, are as follows: Shelbyville bridge, across Duck River, built in 1832, present cost $2,000; Fairfield bridge, in the First District, across Garrison's Fork, built in 1856, present cost $1,000: Scull Camp Ford bridge, in the Seventh District, across Duck River, built in 1856, present cost $3,000; Warner's bridge, in the Seventh District, across Duck River, on the Shelbyville & Fishing Ford Pike, built in 1856, pres-
-
867
BEDFORD COUNTY.
ent cost $2,000; Hall's bridge, across Duck River, in the Eleventh District, built in 1875; present cost $2,000. Columbia Ford bridge, in the Eleventh District, across North Fork, built in 1881, present cost $400; Unionville Turnpike bridge, across North Fork, built in 1860, present cost $500; Sugar bridge, in the Twenty-first District, across Sugar Creek, built in 1850, present cost $400; Fall Creek bridge, across Fall Creek, in the Eighth Dis- trict, built in 1860, present cost $500; Flat Creek bridge, in the Seventh District, across Flat Creek. built in 1855, present cost $1,000; Flat Creek bridge, in the Seventh District, on Lewisburg Pike, built in 1850, present cost $800; Lynchburg Pike bridge, across Duck River, in the Seventh District, built in 1876, present cost $3,000; Fall Creek bridge, on the Columbia Pike, in the Eighth District, built in 1885, cost $400. There are numer- ous small bridges across small streams throughout the county, but are not of sufficient im- portance to be given special notice.
The Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad has a branch leading from Wartrace to Shel- byville, eight miles in length, while the main line passes through the eastern portion of the county. This railroad, together with the various turnpikes, furnishes means for ample transportation for Bedford County, while, in addition, Duck River can be used for trans- porting lumber to a great extent. In point of agriculture, manufactures, stock and wealth Bedford County ranks with the best counties in the State, while in health, climate and educational facilities the county has few equals in any portion of the South.
The records of the County Court of Bedford County do not extend farther back than 1848, those previous to that date having been destroyed with the court house in 1863 by fire. Beyond that date but little if anything of the transactions of the court can be ascer- tained at the present day. The first sessions of the court were held in 1SOS, at the house of Mrs. Payne, near the head of Mulberry Creek (now in Lincoln County), and the only record extant of those sessions is a marriage license issued by the county clerk to John Tillman and Rachael Martin. During portions of 1809 and 1810 the courts were held, as before mentioned, at Amos Balch's residence, from where they were removed to Shelby- ville in the latter part of 1810. The first session of the court of which there remains any record was held in the court house at Shelbyville, beginning October 1, 1848, when the following justices were present: William Galbraith, chairman; John W. Norville, James Hoover, Newton C. Harris, Jacob Serley, Garrett Phillips, James Wortham, John W. Hamlin, Price C. Sterle, Dudley P. T. House, Joseph P. Thompson, John L. Cooper, James Foster, Joseph Anderson, Meredith Blanton, John O'Neil, Green T. Neeley, Will- iam Thompson, John A. Brown, Joshua Hall, B. F. Green. Isaac B. Holt, Herrod F. Holt, Lemuel Broadway, Joseph Hastings, James H. Miles, Kindred Pearson and William Taylor.
The transactions of the court during 1848, or at least so much thereof of interest, were as follows: A commission of lunacy was appointed to inquire into the mental con- dition of Eliza Jane Gambell; Sarah Terry emancipated Bob and John, two of her slaves. The commissioners before appointed to let out the contract for building a bridge across Duck River, at or near Skull Camp Ford, made a report to the effect that the contract for said bridge had been awarded James Wortham, at the price of $1,700. The report was signed by E. J. Frierson, John T. Neil and William Galbraith, commissioners, which re- port was accepted by the court. The following election judges were appointed for the November, 1848, election: First District-William D. Clark, Anthony Thomas and Sam- uel McMahan; Second District-G. G. Osborn, John L. Davidson and Francis H. Keller: Third District-Henry Holt, John Shaffner and John A. Moore; Fourth District-John Norville, Robert Clarke and Nathan Chaffin; Fifth District-Andrew S. Lawrence, George W. Bell and William Weaver; Sixth District-James P. Couch, John Knott and Henry Brown; Seventh District-E. J. Frierson, George Davidson and Thomas Holland; Eighth District-Thomas Wheeler, Jacob Fisher and Robert Terry; Ninth District-Ziza Moore, Jason Winsett and Absalom Landers; Tenth District-Alfred Ranson, Fredrick Balt and James Mankins; Eleventh District-William B. Phillips, Robert Rayson and Charles L. Byren; Eighteenth District-Fielding Bell, James Statling and James B. Jones; Nine-
1
863
HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
teenth District-William Wood, John Larne and James H. Curtis; Twentieth District- Miles Phillips, Jackson Wallace and Randolph Newson; Twenty-first District-Samuel Thompson, Richard Phillips and Herbert Smith; Twenty-second District-John C. H ix. Henry Dean and Arthur Campbell; Twenty-third District-James H. Miles, John Hast- ings and Jolin Reed: Twenty-fourth District-Elisha Bobo. Watson Floyd and Thomas Anderson; Twenty-fifth District-Jolin Koonce, Levi Turner and Gabriel Maupin. The commissioners appointed for that purpose reported that they had let the contract for re- pairing the bridge across Wartrace Fork of Duck River to Henry Stephens for $79. The report was signed by Samuel Phillips, Philip Cable and Robert Chambers, commis- sioners, and was received by the court. The tax levy for 1849 was S} cents on each $100 worth of property for county purposes, 25 cents on each free poll, and licensed privileges one-fourth of the State tax. During that year William Presgrove and Nathaniel M. Wheeler were allowed $75 for building a bridge across North Fork of Duck River, on the Lower Nashville Road, near Presgrove's mill. The court ordered the census taken in 1851 by districts, which census was as follows: First District, 93; Second District, 163; Third District. 187; Fourth District, 145; Fifth District, 164; Sixth District, 119; Seventh District, 232: Eighth District, 99; Ninth District, 160; Tenth District, 156; Eleventh Dis- trict, 239; Eighteenth District, 177; Nineteenth District, 151; Twentieth District, 189; Twenty-first District, 109; Twenty-Second District, 209: Twenty-third District, 195; Twenty-fourth District, 205: Twenty-fifth District, 206.
In 1853 John R. Eakin, A. Ervin and John Meyers, bridge commissioners, made a report that the bridge across Garrison Fork of Duck River, heretofore ordered built by the court, was complete, which report was received; the town of Wartrace Depot was in corporated; a bridge was ordered erected across Garrison Fork of Duck River at War- trace.
In May, 1866, the court passed an order for the erection of a new jail, and appro- priated $15,000 for that purpose, and levied a tax of 10 cents on the $100 and 50 cents on each poll to raise the money. The following jail commissioners were appointed to pre- pare plans and award the contract for building the jail: Thomas C. Whiteside, W. H. Wisdom, Joseph H. Thompson, William Galbraith, W. G. Cowan, Henry Cooper, W. B. M. Brown, William Houston, Jr. and W. T. Tune. In July of the same year the court ap- propriated $6,000 more to be used in construction of the jail, and several additional appro- priations for the same purpose were subsequently made.
In October, 1869, the court ordered a new court house erected, and appointed Thomas H. Caldwell, H. P. Clearland. L. B. Knott, William Gosling and William P. Cowan a building committee to prepare plans, estimates and specifications, and award the contract for building the court house and superintend the same. The building was completed in 1872. In June, 1872, the court issued articles of incorporation to the town of Flat Creek. In 1873 the court appointed John R. Dean superintendent of the county schools.
In 1874 the court ordered a new bridge built across Duck River, at Hall's mill, and for that purpose appropriated $500. In 1883 an order for the erection of two buildings at the Poor Asylum, was passed by the court, said buildings to be of frame, two rooms each, 16×18 feet, and appropriated for the erection thereof $2,500. These buildings having been destroyed in 1886, the court at its last session appropriated $2,500 with which to replace them. Owing to the absence of the records it is impossible to give the term of years the different county officers served. but the following is a correct and complete list of the names of the officers in the manner in which they held office.
Chairmen of County Court: John Atkinson, J. W. Hamlin, H. F. Holt, P. C. Steele, William Galbraith, R. L. Landers, John P. Hutton, Thomas J. Ogilvie, Richard H. Stem, B. F. Foster and John W. Thompson, the present incumbent. County Clerks: Thomas Moore, James McKissack, William D. Orr, Robert Hurst, A. Vannoy, J. H. O'Neal, Jo- seph H. Thompson, R. C. Couch, Robert L. Singleton and Will J. Muse, the present in- cumbent.
The first sessions of the Circuit Court of Bedford County were held in 1808 at Mrs.
869
BEDFORD COUNTY.
Payne's house on Mulberry Creek. and were presided over by Hon. Thomas Stuart, cir- cuit judge. Judge Stuart afterward held the courts at Amos Balch's, and was still on the bench when the county seat was located at Shelbyville. However, there remains no rec- ord of those early courts, the existing records beginning with December. 1853, at which time Hon. Westly W. Pepper was judge, John H. O'Neal was clerk and James W. John- son was sheriff. The first grand jury was drawn in the following manner: the names of the venire were written on slips of paper and the papers placed in a hat, from whence thirteen names were drawn out by a child under ten years of age, and of the men whose names were thus selected was the grand jury composed.
During the sessions of the court in 1853, Gilbert E. Holder was fined $200 and sent to jail for three months for carrying a bowie knife. John Record was fined $5 for gambling, and William Neil was sentenced to one year's imprisonment in penitentiary for larceny. In 1854 Martha Dobbins was granted a divorce from William Dobbins. John W. Nelson was fined $5 for malicious shooting. Isaac Williams for larceny, was sent to prison for one year, and Mary Low was fined $5 for permitting one of her slaves to live as a free person of color. In 1855 Isaac Parker pleaded guilty to a charge of libel, and was fined $5. William Ballard was sent to prison for three years on a charge of altering bank bills. James B. Phillips served a judgment of $2,500 against Robert Cannon, for slander and for committing murder. John Wilson was sent to prison for seven years. In 1855 W. H. Dickerson was sent to the penitentiary for one year on a charge of larceny, and James Wagster, for disturbing public worship, was fined $10 and costs.
In 1857 William P. Puckett was fined $25 for malicious stabbing, and Joel Criscoe was sent to the penitentiary for five years for larceny. In 1858 James Ripley. on a charge of murder, was sent to the penitentiary for twenty-one years; Frank Bagley, for arson, was given a sentence of six years, and Jesse Phillips, for incest, was sentenced to five years imprisonment. In 1859 Bob, a slave, upon conviction of manslaughter, received the fol- lowing sentence: "That he receive 100 lashes upon the bare back, then be imprisoned for ten days, and then receive another 100 lashes upon the bare back, to be well laid on by the sheriff of Bedford County."
There were no sessions of the court held during the late civil war. In 1864 Ales- ander Brown, for larceny, was sent to the penitentiary for one year; and on a similar charge, John Morton was sent up for three years. In 1865 Samuel Evans, Charles Ellison, Riley Kizer and Harriet Phillips, all colored, were convicted of larceny, and the first was sent to the penitentiary for one year; the second for three years; the third for one year. and the last one was let off with one month's confinement in the county jail.
In 1866 James Cheatham and Bush Varmory, were each sent to the penitentiary for fifteen years upon a charge of larceny and house-breaking. During that year James Brewer, Pinkney McDonald, Van McFarland, John Bomer, Jesse Barksdale and Mary Ann Stenston, all confined in the county jail on various charges, made their escape. In 1567 James Eakin, colored, was sent to the county jail for thirty days on a charge of larceny, and on a similar charge George Morgan was sent to the penitentiary for one year. In 1868 George Wood, Alexander Aldridge, Ann Jackson and Alexander Elkin, were given terms of imprisonment on charges of larceny. In 1869 Ann Jackson was again imprisoned on a charge of larceny, and on similar charges Arch Cook was sent to the penitentiary for twelve years; Abe Featlierstone for two years and six months; Alfred Davis for ten years; John Moore, ten years; Sarah Cannon, three years, and, for stealing a horse, John Brown was sent for ten years.
In 1870, on charges of larceny, William King was sent to the penitentiary for ten years; James Simmons three years, and Caroline Houston three months in jail. In 15;1 William Hamilton was convicted of murder and imprisoned for eleven years; Elizabeth Kiser, for larceny, was sentenced to imprisonment in State prison for one year, but her sentence was commuted to ten days in jail on account of her encientic condition: Edward Hilton, on a charge of involuntary mauslaughter, was sentenced to three years' imprison- ment; and on charges of larceny James Jones was given four years in the penitentiary;
870
HISTORY OF TENNESSEE.
James Gregor, two years; Hal Germiny, three years: Charles Dyer, four years; Fal. Hamer, one year: Green Smith, two years. and Ida Kains one year. In 18:2 James S. Robinson, Lewis Cannon and Henry Gambell were sentenced, respectively, to terms of seven, three and four years' imprisonment on charges of larceny.
In 1873 John Daniel was sent to prison three years for larceny; Richard Wells, for murder, was sent for five years; and Mitch Pearson was convicted of murder in the first degree and sentenced to be hung February 13, 1874. Pearson took an appeal to the supreme court, where the verdict of the lower court was reversed. He was again tried and convicted of murder in the second degree and sentenced to ten years imprisonment at hard labor. In 1874 John Fogelman, Henry Tillman, Jerry Meadows and David Nealey were convicted of larceny and all sent to the penitentiary for one year each. In 1825 William Campbell and Marion Shaffner were sent to the penitentiary for three and one years, re- spectively, for larceny, and Dr. Shannon, for horse-stealing, was sent to the penitentiary for twelve years.
In 1876 Joseph Williams was sent to prison for two years, and William Barksdale was sent to jail six months on charges of larceny. Thomas Rippy, for murder, was given ten years: William Holder, for house-breaking, was given ten years; and Abraham McMahan and wife recovered $120 damages from Thomas McEwen for slander. In 187; John Bourke, for house-breaking, and L. Jones, John T. Dean, John Holt, Henry Cannon. Emmet Thompson, Willis Dallis and Harrison Brown were imprisoned for larceny, and John Jones was sentenced to be hung October 4, 1877, for murder. Jones appealed his cause to the supreme court and the decision was reversed, and upon standing trial a second time was sentenced to imprisonment for life. In 1878 Robert Dixon, Philip Shuman, John Miller and Bill Morton were sent to the penitentiary for one year each, and Lafay- ette Revis, for house-breaking, was sentenced to five years' imprisonment, and for arson Revis was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment, the second sentence to go into effect upon expiration of the first. In 1879 Willis Frazier, for murder, was imprisoned for twelve years: and for larceny James Eakin, Henry Brown, James Waston and Jerry Ball, were sent to prison for one year each. In 1SSO John Gaston, James Woodard and Lewis Thomas were given terms of imprisonment for larceny. In 1881 Mary Brown, Lula Thomas and Bob Chambers were given one year imprisonment in the penitentiary on charges of larceny.
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