USA > Utah > Salt Lake County > Salt Lake > Utah gazatteer and directory of Logan, Ogden, Provo and Salt Lake cities, for 1884 > Part 28
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others, and inflicted losses on the fraternity, in the destruction of property to a very large amount. The Mormons were obliged to leave, and most of them fled into and settled in Clay County, in the same State. The Jackson County mob influenced the citizens of Clay County, and after a time the refugees had again to leave, this time settling in unoccupied territory, which received the name of Caldwell County, as well as in Davis and other adjacent counties, in Missouri. In three years they made wonderful improvements in their new location, for industry has ever been a prominent characteristic of the organization. At this time they were viewed with suspicion by many pro-slavery citizens there, who classed them as abolitionists, many of them having come from the States where the abolition theory was gaining ground. For this cause, and because of their industrious habits conflicting with the dissipated customs of a class always too well known in frontier settlements, as well as for religious reasons, troubles again broke out, and the entire Mormon community was compelled to leave the State. Their next settlement was at Commerce, Hancock County; Illinois, where, in a short time, they built the City of Nauvoo, which was duly chartered by the State Legislature. They had built a temple at Kirtland, which was an immense effort in its size and costliness for so small and poor a body of people as they then were. But in Nauvoo one was commenced on a scale proportionately greater, to corre- spond with their increased numbers, wealth and importance. This they fin- ished; but before it was completed, their prophet, Joseph Smith, and his brother Hyrum Smith, the patriarch of the church, were murdered in Carth- age. where they were imprisoned on a charge of treason. The Missouri enemies of the prophet and his followers had never ceased their efforts against him and his people, preferring charge after charge, which were dis- posed of by the courts, he always obtaining an acquittal; until this last charge, when the mob would not wait for the result of a trial, but shot him and his brother dead while in prison under guard, wounding at the same Elder John Taylor, one of the Twelve Apostles, and now President of the church. They held Governor Ford's pledge for their safety at the time. This was on the 27th of June, 1844.
Soon after the Mormons were compelled to leave Illinois, and took up their line of march in February, 1846, for the then almost unknown West. That fall and winter the main body of the refugee saints located in the neighborhood of the Missouri River, near what is now called Council Bluffs and Omaha, where temporary settlements were formed. Next spring, President Brigham Young started westward with 143 pioneers, broke a road, forded streams and built bridges from the Missouri over the great plains and through the Rocky Mountains, arriving in Salt Lake Valley on the 21st day of July, 1847. As soon after as possible the main body followed, a provis- ional State government was formed, gentlemen were sent to Washington to represent the new colony; and in 1849 a territorial government was granted to them for the Territory of Utah. Since that time they have prospered exceedingly; their cities, towns and settlements number about 200, with a pop- ulation of nearly 175,000 souls. Besides these there are branches of the church in many parts of the United States; and in Europe the communicants of the faith number 20,000. Their missionary efforts have been directed to every country where religious toleration would permit them to carry and dissem- inate their views. Most European and some Asiatic nations, as well as Australia and several of the Pacific Islands, have given proselytes to the faith.
The church is organized with a First Presidency; a Council of Twelve Apostles; a Patriarch; a quorum of High Priests of indefinite number; sixty- four quorums of Seventies; an Elders' Quorum; a Presidency of three and a High Council for each Stake of Zion; a Presiding Bishop for the Church with two Counselors; a Bishop for each Ward; a Priests' Quorum; a Teach- ers' Quorum, and a Deacons' Quorum.
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1793. Sidney Rigdon born in St. Clair, Pennsylvania.
1801. Brigham Young born in Whitingham, Vermont.
1805. Joseph Smith born in Sharon, Vermont.
1823. Joseph Smith living with his father in Ontario, County, New York, has his first vision.
1827. Joseph Smith claims to receive sacred oracles from an "angel of the Lord."
1829. Sidney Rigdon associates himself with Smith.
1830. Book of Mormon printed, as dictated by Smith.
1830. April 6. First Mormon Church regularly organized at Man- chester, New York.
1831. January. Smith leads his followers to Kirtland, Ohio.
1831. August. Smith dedicates the site of a Mormon Temple, at Independence, Missouri.
1832. March. Smith and Rigdon suspected at Kirtland of counter- feiting, and tarred and feathered by a mob.
1832. Brigham Young joins the Mormon Church at Kirtland.
1835. Twelve Mormon Apostles ordained, Brigham Young for one.
1836. A large and costly Temple dedicated at Kirtland.
1837. Orson Hyde and Heber C. Kimball sent as missionaries to Eng-
land.
1838. The Mormon Church in Ohio obliged to flee to Missouri, and there assumes a defiant and lawless attitude.
1838. The Mormons driven over into Illinois and settled at Nauvoo, under a favorable charter granted by the Legislature.
1838. Smith begins the practice of polygamy.
1843. Smith claims to have received a revelation sanctioning polyg. amy.
1845. The heads of the church repudiate this revelation.
1844. Smith killed by a pistol shot in a riot growing out of internal dissensions.
1844. Brigham Young elevated to the Presidency, after a fierce con - tention with Rigdon.
1845. The charter of Nauvoo revoked by the Legislature, and the Mormons prepare to move.
1846. Nauvoo bombarded for three days by the anti-Mormons.
1847. Brigham Young plants his banner at Salt Lake.
1847. July 25. Religious service was held for the first time in Great Salt Lake Valley. George A. Smith preached the first public discourse, and the sacrament was administered for the first time in the valley.
1848. Salt Lake City founded.
1849. State of Deseret organized, but Congress withholds its recogni- tion.
1849. Congress organizes the Mormons' district into the Territory of Utah, and Brigham Young appointed Governor by President Fillmore.
1850. Brigham Young throws off the authority of the United States.
1852. Polygamy formally sanctioned by the church.
1854. Col. Steptoe appointed Governor of Utah and arrives at Salt Lake City with a small military force, but abandons the enterprise.
1856. President Buchanan determines to put the Mormons down.
1857. Alfred Cumming appointed Governor, and sent out with a force of 2,500 men to back him, Col. A. S. Johnston in command. 1858. Peace arranged.
1860. United States troops withdraw from Utah,
1877. August 29. Death of Brigham Young. 1
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CHURCHES, SECRET AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES.
IN Utah, all Christian Churches, of any importance as to membership in the United States, have representative branches. Proselyting efforts are being made, while membership in all directions is increased by immigration. The appended is a brief summary of the work done and the present status of the several denominations in Utah Territory to-day. The information is reliable, as it is furnished from each denomination by the person most prominently identified with the church concerning which the matter is given:
BAPTIST CHURCH.
The First Baptist Church, of Salt Lake City, was organized in August, 1883, with a membership of 16. The number has been steadily increased until now it has a membership of 42. August 26, 1883, the corner-stone of the Baptist meeting-house, on the corner of Second South and First West Streets, was laid with appropriate ceremony; and in March, the house was dedicated, the dedicatory prayer and sermon being delivered by Rev. Dwight Spencer. Rev. Henry DeWitt is the present pastor; Professor A. E. Sawyer and Mrs. Sawyer are his assistants. Charles A. Clark is superintendent of the Sunday school, which now numbers 100.
There is also a Baptist Church at Ogden, Rev. Richard Hartley, pastor; Miss Mary E. Allen, teacher.
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH .- On January 1, 1864, Rev. Nor- man McLeod was transferred, by the American Home Missionary Society, from Denver to Salt Lake, to labor in the cause of the Congregational Church. A few days later he arrived in the city and opened religious ser- vices at once in Daft's Hall, and also at Camp Douglas. Two Sunday schools were established, and the enrollment of the one in the city presently showed an attendance of 250. February 14th, a church was organized with 17 members. Before the close of the year a lot had been purchased and an adobe structure (an addition to Independence Hall), 33 by 59 feet, had been erected at a cost for land and building of $7,500. Of this sum more than $2,000 was raised in California by Mr. McLeod. Most of the remainder was raised in Salt Lake. Mr. McLeod labored perseveringly until early in the spring of 1866, when he was called cast. The city Sunday school was continued several years, and until absorbed by those of other denominations-which, in the meantime, had opened mission work in Utah. In 1872 Mr. McLeod returned and spent a year in the effort to re-gather the scattered fragments of the church and Sunday schools, but he resigned before its accomplishment. Rev. Walter M. Barrows was chosen his suc- cessor, and on May 24, 1874, a church of 24 members was formed. From that day steady growth and prosperity followed. In 1880 self-support was reached, and when Mr. Barrows resigned, June, 1881, the membership was nearly 150. In November, 1882, Rev. F. T. Lee entered upon the
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pastorate of the Salt Lake Church, which had been vacant for nearly a year and a half. December 28th, the General Association of Utah was formed in Salt Lake, and its sessions were attended by 22 members, 5 ministers and 16 teachers. Since 1874 the church has made rapid progress. Organiza- tions have been effected in Ogden, Park City, Bountiful, Coalville, Echo. Bingham, and a number of other towns in Utah. Day schools have also been started in a number of towns by the church and are now under the management of the New West Educational Commission, of which Isaac Huse, Jr., is field agent. The year 1883 closed with 7 churches, and another soon to be added, 7 ministers, 16 stations occupied, 21 Sunday schools, 29 schools and 38 teachers. The church is now without a pastor. The active membership is about sixty. The Sabbath school is still carried on; and efforts are being made to secure a pastor.
PLYMOUTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH .- On March 20, 1884, over sixty of the members of the First Congregational Church withdrew in a body from it, and formed a temporary organization, with Rev. F. T. Lee as temporary pastor. They rented the Jewish Synagogue, one of the most beautiful church edifices in the city, situated on the corner of Third South and First West streets, and held services immediately. The illness of the pastor made his release imperative, and on June 20th he was, at his own request, released from the pastorate. On June 30th, a Congregational council met at the Synagogue pursuant to letters missive sent to all the Congregational Churches in Utah, except the old church. This council, after looking over the whole field and taking everything into consideration, voted unanimously to organize and recognize it under the name of the Plymouth Congregational Church. The membership, at its organization, was 55 and is now 65. The church called the Rev. J. H. Kyle, an enthusi- astic and strong man, to be its pastor. He accepted the call and began his labors at once. The Sabbath school is in a flourishing condition and has a membership of 100, C. J. Smith, Superintendent, and various branches of church works are in successful operation.
EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
ST. MARK'S CATHEDRAL .- This structure is situated on the north side of First South street, between Second and Third East. It is a handsome edifice, built entirely of stone, and cost $45,000. The foundation of this church was commenced in April, 1867, and through the united efforts and persistent zeal of the Rt. Rev. Bishop Tuttle and Reverends Foote and Haskins, it has grown to be one of the permanent and popular organizations of Salt Lake City. Its membership has steadily increased, which at present numbers 257. The Sunday school has an enrollment of 350. Rt. Rev. D. S. Tuttle is rector; Reverends N. F. Putnam and G. D). B. Miller, assistant ministers.
ST. PAUL'S CHAPEL, on the corner of Main and Fourth South streets, has a membership of 49, and the Sunday school membership numbers 147. Rev. C. M. Armstrong is minister.
Churches have also been established in Corinne, Ogden, Logan, Plain City and Silver Reef.
METHODIST EPISCOPAL ..
The Methodist Episcopal Church began in Utah, 1870. In June of the following year a grand camp meeting was held under the auspices of this church, and the site at which the meeting was held is that, or in the imme- diate vicinity of that on which the Methodist Episcopal Church now stands.
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The missionary work of this church during the fourteen years has been very earnest. There are churches in Salt Lake, Ogden, Corinne, Tooele, Beaver, Minersville, Provo, and a Norwegian Church in Salt Lake City. The total membership reported is 226. The officers of the mission are: Bishop I. W. Wiley, D. D., president; Rev. T. C. Iliff, superintendent; Rev. G. M. Jef- frey, Rev. T. W. Lincoln, Rev. M. Nelson, Salt Lake City; Rev. A. W. Adkinson, Ogden; Rev. E. Smith, Provo; Rev. F. Brock, Beaver; Rev. George E. Jayne, Park City; Rev. J. D. Gillilan, Tooele; Rev. P. A. H. Franklin, Mount Pleasant. Assistant missionaries: Mrs. T. C. Iliff, Mrs. M. Nelson, Mrs. T. W. Lincoln, Mrs. A. W. Adkinson, Mrs. E. Smith, Mrs. F. Brock, Mrs. George E. Payne, Mrs. J. D. Gillilan, Mrs. P. A. H. Franklin.
Statistical and financial report of the Utah Mission of the Methodist Episcopal Church for 1883 shows: Missionaries, 10; assistant missionaries, 9: communicants, 235; number of day schools, 9; number of teachers, 23; number of day scholars, 607; number of Sunday schools, 8; number of Sunday school teachers, 40; number of Sunday school scholars, 592; number of churches, 7; number of parsonages. 3; number of children in day schools, of Mormon parentage, 349; probable value of church property is estimated at $66,000: probable value of parsonages, $1,650; probable value of boarding hall, $10,000; value of other school property, $3, 150; raised for support of ministers, $1,242: raised for improvements, $4,265; paid on indebtedness, $2,650; paid on church incidental expenses, $1,386; paid on school incidental expenses, $1,904: raised for benevolence, etc., $311.
In addition to the amount raised in the mission for the several objects named above, the work has been liberally sustained by societies and friends in the East, as the following indicates: General Missionary Society, $12, 800; Board of Church Extension, $1,500; Women's Home Missionary Society, $5,800; Mrs. General Fisk, $1,000; total, $21,000.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
The Presbyterian Church first held meetings in the Liberal Institute: Rev. Mr. Welsh pastor. The present church is on the corner of Second East and Second South streets. The Sunday school has an enrollment of 221.
The following are the churches and ministers in the Territory:
American Fork, Rev. T. F. Day; Box Elder, Rev. S. L. Gillespie: Hyrum, Rev. Philip Bohbeck; Logan, Rev. C. M. Parks; Manti, Rev. G. W. Martin; Mount Pleasant, Rev. E. N. Murphy; Payson, Rev. J. A. L. Smith; Richfield, Rev. P. D. Stoops; Salt Lake, Rev. R. G. McNiece. D. D., and H. A. Newell; Springville, Rev. G. W. Leonard; St. George, Rev. A. B. Cort.
REORGANIZED) CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS.
THE "JOSEPHITE," or Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- day Saints, was established in this Territory in 1863, with Joseph Smith, president of the church, and W. W. Blair, president of the mission. Since then branch churches have been organized; and the following list comprises the name of the town and city where such organizations have been effected, with the number of members in each: Union Fort, 29; Beaver City, 20; Lehi City, 51; Heber City, 18; Provo City, 26; Springville, 26; Henneferville, 33; Wanship, 29; Santaquin, 10; Kay's Creek, 7; Richfield, 35; Salt Lake City. 102; giving a total membership of 386 for the Territory. R. J. Anthony is. at present, president of the mission, and, while absent, Elder E. C. Brand acts as president. The church has built a chapel on Second South street. where public services are held every Sunday afternoon and evening. They have, also, a Sunday school, which convenes every Sunday, and is well attended.
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ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.
ST. MARY MAGDALENE'S CHURCH, in Salt Lake City, is situated on the west side of Second East street, between South Temple and First South streets. It is a neat structure, built of brick, in the Gothic style, and was erected in 1871, at a cost of $10,000. The first effort made to found the Catholic Church in Salt Lake City was in 1866, by Rev. Father Kelly. Through the efforts and persistent zeal of Very Rev. L. Scanlan, the church has prospered, and to-day is in a flourishing condition, and has a member- ship of 400. Very Rev. L. Scanlan is rector, assisted by Rev. D. Keily and Rev. J. B. Ruddy.
CHURCH OF THE ASSUMPTION, Park City, has a membership of 800; Rev. P. Blake, rector.
ST. PATRICK'S CHURCH, Frisco, attended from Salt Lake, has about 300 members in that district.
ST. JOHN'S CHURCH, Silver Reef, Rev. P. Galligan, rector, has a membership of 100.
ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH, Ogden was built in 1875. The edifice is on Fifth street, between Young and Franklin streets, and is now used by them as a place of public worship. Rev. Father Cushnahan is rector.
LATTER-DAY SAINTS.
"Mormonism," or the faith of the members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, was brought into Utah by the Pioneers, and it is referred to at some length, because of the great interest that attaches to the subject. The following. as to the priesthood, organization, doctrines and ordinances of the church, are from a small work prepared by Elder John Jaques:
PRIESTHOOD.
In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints there are two Priest- hoods-the Melchisedek and the Aaronic, the latter including the Levitical.
The Melchisedek is the higher Priesthood, comprising apostles, patri- archs, high priests, seventies and elders, and holds the right of presidency. with the authority to administer in all or any of the offices, ordinances and affairs of the Church. "The power and authority of the higher or Melchisedek Priesthood is to hold the keys of all the spiritual blessings of the Church, to have the privilege of receiving the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, to have the heavens opened unto them, to commune with the general assem- bly and church of the First-born, and to enjoy the communion and presence of God the Father, and Jesus the mediator of the new covenant.'
An apostle has the right to administer in the various offices of the Church, especially in spiritual things. So also, according to their respective callings, have a patriarch, a high priest, a seventy, an elder. But the special office of a patriarch is to give patriarchal blessings, and the particular calling of a seventy is to travel and preach the Gospel and to be an especial witness in all the world, building up the Church and regulating the affairs of the same in all nations, under the direction of the higher authorities of the Church.
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All officers superior to elders are frequently termed elders. The duties of an elder are thus defined: "An apostle is an elder, and it is his calling to baptize; and to ordain other elders, priests, teachers and deacons; and to administer bread and wine, the emblems of the flesh and blood of Christ: and to confirm those who are baptized into the Church, by the laying on of hands for the baptism of fire and the Holy Ghost, according to the Scrip- tures; and to teach, expound, exhort. baptize, and watch over the Church: and to confirm the Church by the laying on of the hands, and the giving of the Holy Ghost; and to take the lead of all meetings. The elders are to conduct the meetings as they are led by the Holy Ghost, according to the command- ments and revelations of God."
The Aaronic, with the Levitical Priesthood, is a subordinate priesthood. It is called the lesser Priesthood, because it is an appendage to the Melchis- edek or higher Priesthood, and acts under its direction and supervision.
The Aaronic Priesthood comprises bishops, priests, teachers and dea- cons, and has power to administer in certain ordinances and in the temporal affairs of the Church. "The power and authority of the lesser or Aaronic Priesthood is to hold the keys of the ministering of angels, and to administer in outward ordinances, the letter of the Gospel -- the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins:" also to sit as a common judge in Israel.
The bishopric is the presidency of the Aaronic Priesthood, and holds the keys or authority of the same. "The office of a bishop is in adminis- tering all temporal things." First born sons, literal descendants of Aaron, have a legal right to the bishopric. No other man has a legal right to the presidency of this Priesthood. and a first-born descendant of Aaron must be designated by the First Presidency of the Melchisedek Priesthood, "and found worthy, and anointed, and ordained under the hands of this presi- dency," before he is legally authorized to officiate in the Priesthood. "But as a high priest of the Melchisedek Priesthood has authority to officiate in all the lesser offices, he may officiate in the office of bishop when no literal descendant of Aaron can be found. provided he is called and set apart and ordained unto this power under the hands of the First Presidency of the Melchisedek Priesthood."
A bishop who is a first-born descendant of Aaron can sit as a common judge in the Church without counselors, except when a president of the High Priesthood is tried. But a bishop from the High Priesthood must not sit as a judge without his two counselors. In both cases the jurisdiction of bishops is original, but not exclusive.
Over all the other bishops in the Church there is a presiding bishop. with two counselors. William B. Preston is the present presiding bishop. and Leonard W. Hardy and Robert T. Burton are his counselors.
The duties of a priest are "to preach, teach, expound, exhort and bap- tize, and administer the sacrament, and visit the house of each member, and exhort them to pray vocally and in secret, and attend to all family duties; and he may ordain other priests, teachers and deacons: and he is to take the lead of meetings when there is no elder present; but when there is an elder present he is only to preach, teach, expound, exhort and baptize, and visit the house of each member, exhorting them to pray vocally and in secret, and attend to all family duties. In all these duties the priest is to assist the elder, if occasion requires."
The duties of a teacher are "to watch over the Church always, and be with and strengthen them, and see that there is no iniquity in the Church, neither hardness with each other, neither lying, backbiting nor evil speaking; and see that the Church meet together often, and also see that all the mem- bers do their duty; and he is to take the lead of meetings in the absence of the elder or priest."
The duties of a deacon are to assist the teacher in his duties in the
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Church, if occasion requires. But deacons have more especially to do with temporalities, and are expected to see that the meeting-houses are in com- fortable condition for the use of the officers and members of the Church in their various meetings. It is also the duty of the deacons, under the direc- tion of the bishops, to look after the welfare of the poor, and endeavor to supply their necessities.
Teachers and deacons are "appointed to watch over the Church, to be standing ministers unto the Church." "But neither teachers nor deacons have authority to baptize, administer the sacrament, or lay on hands. They are, however, to warn, expound, exhort, and teach, and invite all to come unto Christ."
No man can hold any office in the Priesthood, in either kind, unless by authoritative call and ordination, or by special appointment of God.
As a general rule though, with some limitations, an officer in the Priest- hood has power to ordain men to the same office that he holds, when the candidates are properly called and vouched for.
ORGANIZATION.
The First Presidency of the Church, also known as the First Presidency of the High Priesthood, consists of a president and two counselors. John Taylor is the present president, and George Q. Cannon and Joseph F. Smith are his two counselors. It is the duty of the First Presidency to preside over the affairs of the Church, and they can officiate in any or all of its offices. "Of the Melchisedek Priesthood, three presiding high priests, chosen by the body, appointed and ordained to that office, and upheld by the confidence, faith, and prayer of the Church, form a quorum of the presidency of the Church." "The duty of the President of the office of the High Priesthood is to preside over the whole Church, and to be like unto Moses." "Yea, to be a seer, a revelator, a translator, and a prophet, having all the gifts of God which he bestows upon the head of the Church."
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