USA > California > A memorial and biographical history of northern California, illustrated. Containing a history of this important section of the Pacific coast from the earliest period of its occupancy...and biographical mention of many of its most eminent pioneers and also of prominent citizens of today > Part 131
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" In this passage is an iron staircase leading to the third story, also a hydraulic ram elevator. On each side of this passage in each story are three doors eight feet wide, and from which a vista of 200 feet is obtained in either direction down spacious gangways, where great casks of varnished oak containing 2,000 gallons of wine each set closely on both sides. The entire
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building has a capacity for storing 2,500,000 gallons of wines, besides space required for making wines. A distillery is placed a little north of the building and the superintendent's house on the south."
Since the writing of the foregoing article Mr. Bourn has purchased the interests of his part- ner, E. E. Wise, and is conducting the enter- prise alone.
M. GARDNER, M. D., who has lately been appointed as physician at the Napa Insane Asylum, under Dr. Wilkins, the physician in charge, is one of the leading and more prominent members of the medical frater- nity in Napa County. For thirteen years he has resided continuously, until appointed to his present important position. in Calistoga, being for much of that time the only physician in the upper part of the valley, and building up a high reputation for skill and success in practice.
Dr. Gardner was born September 30, 1849, in Watertown, Jefferson County, New York. When eleven years of age the family removed to Illinois, and there the subject of this ar- ticle was educated, graduating at the State Normal College. For five years thereafter he taught with distinction, being for the last two years at the head of the largest school in Spring- field, the capital city. Desiring, however, a field mnore commensurate with his abilities he began the study of medicine, his first preceptor being the well-known Dr. Charles Ryan of Springfield. Later on he went to St. Louis and pursued at the same time studies in arts and medicine, graduating as Master of Arts in May, 1877, at the splendid Christian Brothers' University, and in October of the same year, Doctor of Medieine at the St. Louis Medical College. The Doctor practiced medicine for a little time in St. Louis, but shortly after came out to California, settling at Calistoga, and re- siding there till lately. Dr. Gardner has been an active mover in all matters of general bene-
fit, being one of the original incorporators of the town of Calistoga, and for several years President of its Board of Trustees, and a school director. His residence in Calistoga is a very handsome building, much the finest in the place. He also erected a fine brick block on Main street in the town, in which was his office. He is a member of the State Medical Society, hav- ing contributed to it important papers on dif- ferent subjects, one-that, namely, on the use of electricity in cases of stricture-attracting much attention in the profession. He is also Secretary of the Napa County Medical Society, of which body he is one of the founders. He is also President of the Napa County Board of Health, a body organized during the past year, largely through his efforts. During 1891 he will attend, in company with Dr. Hatch, Super- intendent of the Agnew Insane Asylum, the meeting of the National Board of Medical Superintendents of America,-a duty of great importance.
Dr. Gardner was married, in 1880, to Mrs. Wilcox, nee Taylor, of Oakland, who is a native of this State. They have two children, a son and a daughter.
R. IDA E. MUSHETT, of Jackson, re- ceived her elementary education in Min- neapolis, at the Episcopal and the Sisters' schools, and after the opening of the public schools she continued her education therein until her eighteenth year, and for the next five years she taught public school in that State. In 1876 she came to California to visit her parents at Truckee. The next year she went to Portland, Oregon, where she married Dr. J. C. Andrews, to whom she had for some time been engaged. and with whom she then resided at the home he had established in Umatilla County, that State.
Having decided to enter the medical profes- sion, she attended a course of lectures at Scud- der's Eclectic Medical Institute at Cincinnati,
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HISTORY OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA.
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Ohio, and graduated there in 1879. Returning to Oregon, she practiced her profession at Al- bany, Linn County, five months; from April to September, 1879, she practiced at Portland; then until January, 1881, at Walla Walla; next she went to San Francisco, and two years after- ward she was divorced from her husband; then she practiced her calling in Sacramento County until October 17, 1882, when she was thrown from her carriage and received injuries that compelled her to use crutches for about three years.
June 8, 1884, she went to Oleta, Amador County, to visit her old teacher, Mrs. C. M. Cooper, and while there she visited the different towns of the county, delivering lectures, which were well received. On the 4th of July, 1884, she complied with a request to deliver a patriotic oration at Oleta, the orator of the day not arriv- ing from San Francisco; and for her oration she received many compliments. August 1 follow- ing she went to Jackson to lecture, and was so well pleased with the place that she decided to locate there and devote herself entirely to the practice of medicine, in which she has been very successful. She now owns a beautiful home in the pleasantest part of the city, and she has in view the establishment of a sanitarium: and her untiring energy will undoubtedly carry her to ultimate success.
May 8, 1887, she married John A. Mushett, a native of Ohio, and by this marriage there is one child, born June 26, 1888, and named Charles Thurman. Mrs. Mnslett has also a son by her first marriage, born September 29, 1880, and named Mark T. Andrews. He is a bright and promising boy, making rapid progress in his studies at the public schools of Jackson.
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ILLCREST .-- Such is the appropriate name of 'Hou. A. L. Tubbs' beautiful summer residence, situated at a short distance above the romantic town of Calistoga. It occupies a magnificent position on a "hill crest," com-
manding a view that has few equals upon the continent, let alone in California, ranging from the rugged and romantic ravines and towering height of Mount St. Helena to the beautiful and cultivated fields of the valley. The beautiful place owes its charm alinost equally to nature and to art, neither trouble nor expense having been spared to take every advantage of the great material beanties of the spot. The estate com- prises some 275 acres, including vineyard and pasture lands upon the hillside as well as the rich alluvial bottom lands of the valley; 110 acres are planted in vines, all of the choicer and better varieties, and another year fifty more of Cabernet-Sauvignon will be planted. The wine cellar is a magnificent stone structure, in castel- lated style, two stories in height, built of the fine light-colored stone for which the valley is noted. The roof is of corrugated iron, the coop- erage all of the best and every appointment first-class in every respect. The cellar-master is Mr. Jerome Bardot, of French parentage and education, and a thorough master of the business of wine-making. The capacity of the cellar is 265,000 gallons. As increasing bnsiness re- quires it, tunnels will be run into the hillside to take advantage of the moisture and more even temperature thus afforded. In addition there is also a winery of wood, with a capacity of 150,000 gallons, where the processes of wine-making are carried on, the whole admirably arranged and comparing favorably with anything in the valley. Upon the place are employed abont thirty-five men, the farm being under the superintendency of Mr. John Hoover. The stables are com- prised in a tasteful building of stone and wood, ivy-clad and elegant in appearance. The horses that occupy the stables are of good breed, the Ilambletonian strain being predominant. The honse itself and its grounds are, however, tlie greatest ornament. The house is of light and tasteful architecture, stone in the lower story and wooden above. The style of architecture is ornate and modern, and is large and handsome. It is furnished and finished in hard woods, hav- ing waxed floors, covered with rugs, everything
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being in the highest and best taste, and present- ing a perfect type of a cultured gentleman's residence. The grounds about it are of unusual beanty. They were laid out by Mr. Ulrich, the celebrated landscape artist and architect, who laid ont the Del Monte grounds at Monterey, so noted throughout the world.
We are speaking entirely within limits when we say that the grounds at Hillcrest are in no wise inferior, possessing great natural advan- tages. Their great beauty can only be appre- ciated when seen. The drives and promenades wind up the hill to the mansion, through groves of large inadrona, manzanita and other natural trees, a feature being a grove of Monterey pines and cypress. The scenery from almost every point is surpassing, grand old Mount St. Helena towering over all. It should be stated, more- over, that on account of the proximity of the mountains the temperature of the place is in summer from five to ten degrees cooler than at Calistoga. Near by the hills are tennis courts, the summit being crowned by a flag-staff. Deer, and sometimes even bear and other wild game often roam down from the wilderness of the mountain side, and are within reach of the sportsman's rifle. In truth, this magnificent es- tate and sunnner residence may be cited as a typical instance of the cultured American gen- tleman's retreat, all things seeming joined to- gether by nature and art to fashion a perfect place. We may perhaps be pardoned a feeling of pride in according to it a leading position in our pages.
From Mr. Bardot it was learned that Mr. Tubbs, who is now in Europe, has sent ont 10,000 grape cuttings from the celebrated Lieb- fraumilch vineyard at Johannisburg, to be set out at Hillcrest, and that he will also send the same number of cuttings from the equally fa- mous Chatean Yqnem, and likewise 25,000 cuttings of the Chatean Latite. Mr. Bardot, the cellar-master, is enthusiastic upon the subject of choice wines, and there seems no doubt that, aided by the liberal policy of Mr. Tubbs, the highest results will be obtained. The writer
was permitted to taste some of the wines already produced, and he has certainly tasted nothing better in California.
HI. PRATT .- The writer of historical data in California has a peculiar task. Contrary to the rule in most parts he suffers rather from the great wealth of material than from the lack, and his greatest difficulty is not in obtaining matter but in selecting the better portions of what is presented to him. It may as a general thing, however, be taken for granted that when he interviews a man of early days and a pioncer in the State that something both interesting and valuable will be received. Such at least will be found to be eminently the case in the short sketch which follows of the life-history of Mr. R. H. Pratt, a gentleman whose name is so closely and prominently connected with the history of the construction and carrying on of the Central Pacific Railroad, and who is well and honorably known in every circle of business activity upon the coast.
Mr. Pratt is a native of Freeport, Maine, where he was born in 1824. For further refer- ence to his family history the reader is referred to the sketches of his older brothers on another page, namely, the Messrs. W. A. and G. L. Pratt of St. Helena, Napa County, where they are extensively engaged in fruit and grape cult- ure. When sixteen years of age, R. II. Pratt, like so many other boys in Maine, determined to go to sea, continuing in a sea-faring life un- til 1847, and rising from boy to mate, or first officer of his ship during those years. He made voyages to Europe and the South, having plenty of rough experiences, but gaining from them independence and a knowledge how to handle men that afterward stood him in good stead, and proved a practical schooling that could hardly be obtained in any other way. In 1847 he quitted the sea, went to school and engaged in other business, being determined to fit him-
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self for life ashore, having rightly decided that the ocean did not present sufficient scope for an ambitious man. Upon the news of the discov- ery of gold in California Mr. Pratt joined a party of about sixty persons, chiefly from Law- rence, Boston and Salem, Massachusetts, many of whom were merchants and men of business ability, who purchased the ship Crescent for the voyage around Cape Horn to San Francisco. They sailed froin Salem, Massachusetts, De- eember 12, 1849, and arrived at San Francisco May 20, 1850, after a slow and uneventful voy- age of 159 days. Captain Madison, an elderly man, had been in command on beginning the voyage; but he was deposed later on and Mr. Pratt elected in his place, the ship being under his command during the greater part of the voyage. Upon reaching San Francisco the company sep- arated, the old ship "Crescent going up to Sac- ramento, where she became a store ship. Mr. Pratt with five others went up to the mines on Trinity River, and had fair success. The life not proving congenial, however, he returned be- fore the end of 1850 to Sacramento, and in partnership with his brothers already mentioned engaged in stock-raising on the Sacramento River, at a point opposite where the town of Willows now is, purchasing land there. He finally sold out in 1857 and went to Santa Rosa, where he carried on farming until the building of the railroad across the Sierras began. He joined the railroad forces when at New Castle, and has remained with the company since. Ile was first foreman in charge of men at work grading. Later on he became agent of the Dutch Flat and Downieville wagon road, and then supply agent for the railroad, a posi- tion of great responsibility and of heavy duties at the same time, having charge of all the sup- plies nsed in the prosecution of the work. In 1869 Mr. Pratt was made superintendent of track between Truckee and Ogden. In 1872 he was appointed division superintendent of the Salt Lake division, between Wells and Ogden. In 1879 he was transferred to Sacramento to take charge of that division. Finally, in the
spring of 1881, he was made assistant general superintendent, the position he still holds. Mr. Pratt has been with the company now for twenty-five years, always attending to their business and always in positions of increasing responsibility and importance. Especially dur- ing the building of the road and the heavy rock work and grading of the mountains, presence of mind and quick decision were necessary. The reader who desires to get. however, a better pic- ture of those times than can be given in this place is referred to the chapters on the Central and Southern Pacific Railways.
Mr. Pratt was married in 1849 to Miss Louisa Merrill. They have four children, the eldest being now Mrs. Colonel B. O. Carr, formerly of St. Helena, but now of San Francisco. She was packed across the Isthmus on mule back, in 1852, when a little girl of two years. The other children are: Hattie E., now the wife of General M. H. Sherman, of Arizona, and has three children. General Sherman is a remark- able instance of that best produet of American civilization, the self-made man. Born in New York, he went to Arizona when in his 'teens without a dollar and began school teaching, Although now only thirty eight years of age he is one of the most prominent men in the Ter- ritory or indeed on the coast, having been Su- perintendent of Instruction, and under Gover- nor Safford, Lieutenant-Governor of Arizona. His residence is in Phoenix, where he is engaged in banking. He is also interested in the Pacific Bank at San Francisco, and the First National Bank at Los Angeles. He is now residing in San Francisco. Bradley Newcomb Pratt is the third ehild of Mr. Pratt. He was formerly en- gaged in banking at Riverside, but is now at Phoenix attending to General Sherman's busi- ness. The youngest child, a daughter, is at home. Mr. Pratt has a beautiful ranch of 160 acres in what is known as Pratt's Valley, a sub- sidiary valley to the Napa Valley, that is rightly considered one of the most beautiful and charın - ing in the country. There is situated his coun- try residence, a handsome and comfortable spot,
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adjoining the place of his brother, Mr. W. A. Pratt.
Mr. R. H. Pratt is still in the prime of life, an active, vigorons man, whom one would easily mistake to be fifty instead of on the other side of sixty. He commands the esteem and confidence of all, and is justly considered one of the most popular men at the head of the rail- road's affairs.
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EDDING .- [The following sketch of this enterprising town is contributed to this volume by Hon. C. C. Bush.]
When the town of Redding was first sur- veyed it was named Redding by the railroad engineer who located it, in honor of Hon. B. B. Redding, the Central Pacific Company's land agent. The Government called the postoffice Redding. After a few years Thomas J. Butler, an enthusiastic admirer of Major P. B. Read- ing, the California pioneer of 1841, and to whom Rancho San Buena Ventura was granted, prevailed on the Hon. R. Klotz (who knew Ma- jor Reading long and favorably, and at the time was a member of the California Assembly) to introduce a bill in the Legislature changing the spelling from Redding to Reading. This change produced much confusion in mail mat- ter, as there were ten Readings in the United States, and mail matter for Reading, California, would be carried to Reading, Michigan, Read- ing, Pennsylvania, etc. Nor would the railroad people change the shipping bills, nor the Gov- ernment the name; finally, the citizens were forced to petition the Legislature to restore to the town its original name of Redding, and so it has ever remained.
The town of Redding is 234 miles north of San Francisco, located on what is known as the San Buena Ventura Rancho, a tract of land ex- tending from Cottonwood Creek on the sonth to Middle Creek on the north, and extending west three miles from the Sacramento River, which is the eastern boundary. This rancho
was granted to Pierson B. Reading by the Mex- ican Government in 1844, and confirmed as a valid grant by the United States. Redding is located on the west bank of the Sacramento River, and two miles and a half sonth of Mid- dle Creek. It was laid out by the railroad company and J. B. Haggin (the grant at the time having passed into Haggin's possession) in the early part of the year 1872. A public sale of lots was had on the first of Angust; but Judge C. C. Bush had bargained for three lots before that time and commenced the first per- manent work done in the town by the digging of a cellar for a store on the southest corner of Butte and California streets, on the 22d of July, 1872, under the superintendence of Isaac G. Downing, still a resident of the town. A frame store was erected over this by Judge Bush, un- der the superintendence of R. H. Barth, a resi- dent here now; and on the 13th day ofAugust, 1872, the first bill of goods sold ont of a build- ing in the new town was sold by Judge Bush in person under the firm name of C. C. Bush & Co.
The first boarding-house was started by A. S. Castle, still a resident here. It consisted of a canvas honse to eat in, and the kitchen con- sisted of part canvas and shade-trces-large oaks. This boarding-house was started July 10, 1872.
The first passenger train with express and mails arrived September 1, 1872. Walter Scam- man, now deceased, was messenger that day, accompanied by R. G. Dunn, who ran on the next day. Dunn is now agent for Wells, Fargo & Co. at this place and has been many years.
During the first year of the town's existence the Redding Hotel was erected near the depot; the Stump Ranch Hotel, on the west side of Market street; Williams & Mitchell's store; Crofton's saloon and hall, and a store house for Frank Miller on California street; Frank Mil- ler's two- story brick store, which he still occu- pies, and other business houses and dwellings, as use demanded. That winter the Modoc war broke out, and as Redding was the distributing point for troops and supplies, times were lively
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HISTORY OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA.
until late in the spring of 1873, and the town was growing finely, when, on the morning of September 11, 1873, an incendiary fire broke out, consuming all the buildings, except one small frame, on the block bounded by Califor- nia, Butte, Yuba and Market streets. Loss, $75,000, the principal losers being C. C. Bush & Co., W. W. Williams & Co., L. Wellendorff and Frank Miller. The town received a set- back from this fire that nearly paralyzed it, and it did not recover for some time, although much business was done in the meantime. Three or four daily lines of stages departed and arrived. It was the forwarding and distributing point of goods for Trinity, Siskiyou and Modoc coun- ties of California, and much of southern and eastern Oregon, teaming extending in to Oregon a distance from here of 200 miles.
October 11, 1877. The first number of the Reading Independent was issued by Ben Frank, it being the first paper issued in the town.
Winter, 1877 and 1878. Good Templars erected the first public hall in the town, which was destroyed by fire in 1890, when they erected a brick.
1877 and 1878. Copper City, a mining town, twenty-four miles northeast of Redding was booming; but in 1879 the boom burst, and its bursting was a serious calamity to Redding's prosperity.
School year ending March, 1879, two school- teachers; school year of 1879, three teachers.
September, 1879. General election; town polled 139 votes.
November, 1879. Citizens' Hook and Ladder Company formed; first fire company.
Summer of 1880. The first really good dwell- ing, erected by H. F. Johnson.
1880. Census, 600, including Chinese.
November, 1880. Gubernatorial election; 157 votes. Presbyterian Church commenced, being the first church erected in Redding.
Winter of 1880 and 1881. Very high water; inails delayed.
March 3, 1881. B. B. Redding presented the Presbyterian Church with a fine bell.
March, 1881. Methodist Episcopal Church purchased lot and small dwelling in south end of town for a church and parsonage, and used the small dwelling a long time for a church.
March, 1881. Citizens' meeting called an election to be held April 9. 1881, on question of issuing $10,000 bonds to erect a brick school- house. Result: For bonds 126, against 4. Population then was about 600.
May 15, 1881. Presbyterian church dedi- cated.
Summer of 1881. Removal of county seat from Shasta to Redding agitated.
July 29, 1881. First meeting of citizens on removal of county seat and a committee consist- ing of C. C. Bush, J. N. Chappell, S. Weil, D. Breslauer, O. J. Lanry, B. Conroy and L. S. Barnes appointed to take action.
August 20, 1881. Disastrons fire, consum- ing Eaton Reynolds & Co., Willard and Weil, D. Breslauer and others; all business houses on California Street.
October 8, 1881. Corner-stone of brick school-house laid.
November 22, 1881. First Teachers' Insti- tute held in Redding.
Monday, February 6, 1882. New brick school-house first occupied; four teachers.
February 22, 1882. First immigration as- sociation organized: C. C. Bush, President; S. J. R. Gilbert. Secretary.
April, 1882. Bush brick block on corner of Butte an 1 California streets commenced; sec- ond brick house in town.
July, 1882. First canvassers for removal of county seat took the field.
July 25, 1882. Attempt to burn McCor- mick, Sarltyn & Co.'s store.
April, 1883. Extension of railroad north to Oregon commenced in earnest.
November, 1882. Redding defeated for county seat.
Immediately after the defeat on moving county seat to Redding, agitation commenced to erect a free bridge across Sacramento River; but nothing was done until May 6, 1883.
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when an enthusiastic meeting was held and a committee appointed consisting of C. C. Bush, R. M. Saeltzer, B. Conroy, S. Weil, and D. Breslauer, to select a suitable place for erecting the bridge. Committee unanimously reported on May 19, 1893, selecting the site where the present bridge is.
June 16, 1833. The first half mile of rail- road track extending north was laid. Contrary to all prophecies and wise prognostications, this gave Redding an impetus, and she has never ceased to continue to improve.
August 11, 1883. Supervisors advertise for bids to ereet free bridge.
September 3, 1883. After much wrangling, bid awarded.
October 18, 1883. Another bad fire: Jolin Estes' tin shop, Frank Miller's warehouse and others burnt.
April 2, 1884. The Bank of Shasta County opened its doors for business, with C. C. Bush, President; James McCormick, Vice-President; E. A. Reid, II. F. Johnson and R. G. Dunn the other Directors, and Fred Grotefend, Cash- ier. This is the first bank organized in the county.
April, 1885. First G. A. R. post organized, called Winslow.
Jnne 19, 1885. First drive of saw-logs down Pit River arrived. A large saw and planing mill was erected, and the year was a very pros- perous one for Redding.
July 13, 1885. Another bad fire: Conroy's Hotel and railroad depot burnt.
Jannary 24, 1886. The Chinese concluded to leave Redding, bag and baggage. Such things as they could not move citizens paid them for; and since that day there has never been a Chinaman employed in the place in any capacity, which in a great measure accounts for the continued prosperity of the place.
March, 1886. Franchise granted by the Su- pervisors to erect water works in town. Wo- inan's Relief Corps organized.
May 19, 1886. Gas for first time lighted in the town.
1886. Another prosperous year.
November 2, 1886. Second election for re- moval of county seat to Redding, resulting in favor of Redding by over two-thirds vote.
May 4, 1887. Another bad fire: Harry Hill's corner, Clinesindths and others.
June 27, 1887. Another fire: Gilbert & Eaton's two fine buildings.
July 29. Another bad fire: Castle's board- ing-house and others.
August, 1887. Superior Court decides in favor of Redding for county seat.
September 1, 1887. Election in favor of incorporating the town as a city.
September 7, 8 and 9. First Agricultural and Mineral Fair ever held in the county ; grand success.
1887. Methodist Episcopal Church erect a honse of worship.
October 28, 1887. Another bad fire, de- stroying planing-mill.
December, 1887. Railroad connecting Cali- fornia and Oregon finished and last spike driven. 1888. Coldest winter ever known.
February 1, 1888. American Horticultural Association held session in Redding, and ban- queted by citizens.
February 14, 1888. Citizens' meeting to bond city for sewerage and grading streets.
February 24, 1888. Supreme Court of the State decides Redding to be the county-seat; much rejoicing.
May 19, 1888. County offices and records move to Redding, which becomes the permanent county-seat.
June 26, 1888. Corner store of I. O. O. F. Hall laid.
Angust, 1888. Citizens vote to bond city for $30,000, for sewerage and grading.
Summer. 1888. The fine Depot llotel ereeted.
Winter, 1888-'89. Union Pacific engineers expend $30,000 in surveying routes around Redding.
Jannary 25, 1889. I. O. O. F. Hall dedi- cated.
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May 19, 1889. New court-house and jail finished and occupied.
June 1, 1889. Contract for sewering and grading let.
September 10, 1889. McCloud Parlor, N. S. G. W., organized.
October 3, 1889. Citizens give grand recep- tion to Senator and Mrs. Stanford.
November 26, 1889. Fire on Market street: Archibald's drug store and others.
March, 1890. City divided into two wards for election purposes.
1890. Electric lights introduced.
Summer of 1890. Another big fire: Willard & Weil's, John Fahner's store, Tremont Ilotel. Mengel's butcher shop and John Craddock's livery stable burnt, and close call for Odd Fellows' Hall.
1890. Sewers and grading completed and finest sewer system in the State.
1890. A number of fine residences erected ; and since completion of railroad Redding is fast becoming a brick-built, business town and on the high road to prosperity. More mines are being developed; much foreign capital coming into the county for the purpose. Her fruit in- terests are improving and every indication points to a good-sized permanent city, and one desirable to live in. Her schools are good. Four churches,-Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist and Catholic; lodges and orders of all kinds.
January, 1891. Population 2,500. Seven teachers in public school.
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