USA > California > Alameda County > Alameda > Directory of the city of Oakland and its environs, including Alameda, Berkeley and Temescal 1878 > Part 4
USA > California > Alameda County > Berkeley > Directory of the city of Oakland and its environs, including Alameda, Berkeley and Temescal 1878 > Part 4
USA > California > Alameda County > Oakland > Directory of the city of Oakland and its environs, including Alameda, Berkeley and Temescal 1878 > Part 4
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The price of gas at first was $7.50 per thousand feet, since which time it has been gradually reduced as follows : January, 1870, to $6.75; January, 1871, to $6.00; January, 1872, to $5.00; January, 1874, to $4.57; March, 1875, to $4.25; January, 1876, to $4.00; and in October, 1877, to San Francisco rates, i. e., $3.75 per thousand cubic feet.
The fact of the City of Oakland covering such an extent of territory, requires a very large outlay in the way of street mains in proportion to the amount of gas consumed.
This company uses in its manufacture only the best English and Australian coals, no first-class gas coal having up to the present been discovered on this coast.
STREET RAILWAY SYSTEM.
The city of Oakland is a grand railway center, owing to its geographi- cal location, its proximity to the commercial metropolis, and its accessi- bility from all portions of the State. The two grand trunk roads, i. e., Central Pacific and Southern Pacific, have their common terminus at Oakland Wharf. Then again, the railroads extending southward towards San José, Newark, etc., virtually terminate in this city. The Bay Shore road connects Martinez with Oakland at the extreme end of Long Bridge, while the Berkeley Branch road also terminates at West Oakland. What is generally termed the Oakland local railroad runs from the extreme end
For all kinds foreign and domestic coal. go to J. H. Fritch, 413 11th St.
O. K. FREEMAN & CO., wholesale and retail dealers in wood and coal.
WOODWARD & TAGGART, desirable business property for sale.
20
OAKLAND
DIRECTORY.
of Long Wharf to the Brooklyn Station ; at this point starts a horse rail- road, which runs via Thirteenth Avenue to the east end of Fruit Vale Avenue, a distance of two and one half miles ; also, from same station along East Fourteenth Street to a point beyond Fruit Vale Avenue. This road is to be extended to Mills Seminary ; cars on this road are propelled by horse power.
The Oakland, Brooklyn, and Fruit Vale Railway extends from the corner of Seventh Street and Broadway to Thirteenth Avenue in East Oakland.
The Oakland and San Pablo railways are owned by the same company. The first runs to Temescal and Berkeley. Cars on this line are drawn by horses to the first named place, and thence propelled by steam to Berkeley-distance, five miles. The San Pablo road runs from the inter- section of Broadway with Seventh Street to the Oakland Trotting Park- distance, two and one half miles.
The Broadway and Piedmont road extends from the intersection of Seventh with Washington streets to Mountain View Cemetery-distance, two miles. This road is also to be laid along the base of the foot-hills to the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Asylum, and thence to Berkeley. On this latter branch steam will be the propelling power.
A narrow-gauge horse railway runs from the junction of Broadway and Seventh Streets to Park Street, in Alameda; distance, four miles. This is known as the Alameda, Oakland, and Piedmont Railroad.
The Berkeley Villa Railroad connects Central Berkeley with the Ber- keley Villa Homestead Association Tract; distance, one mile.
Walter Blair and associates, having obtained a franchise from the city, have commenced the building of a horse railway up Market and through Fourteenth Street to West Oakland.
Thus it will be seen that Oakland, although covering so great an extent of territory, is already well, if not amply, provided with street railway communication between distant localities for the accommodation of citi- zens and stranger visitors.
BERKELEY.
By an Act passed by the Legislature of 1877-8, the thriving settle- ment of Berkeley was duly incorporated. Without disparagement to other localities, it can but be regarded as the most charming and attrac- tive of all the environs of Oakland. It is reached now from San Fran- cisco and Oakland in much less time than last season. A steamboat plies twice a day between San Francisco and West Berkeley, where there is a substantial and commodious wharf. Quicker transit is had by steamer from Market Street to the end of Long Wharf, thence by local railway train to the " Point " Station, and thence by what is known as the Berkeley Branch Railway to Central Berkeley, between the Univer- sity Buildings and West Berkeley. Again there is still another very pleasant way of going to Upper Berkeley from Oakland. This is to take the Telegraph Avenue horse cars at the corner of Seventh and Broadway. Midway between Central Oakland and the University a dummy engine is attached to the car, which whirls the traveler to the terminus of the road in twelve minutes. The entire time expended in making the trip over this route is but forty minutes.
Under the caption of "State University," a minute description of the College edifices and surroundings, scenery, etc., are given. In addition it may be stated that the " campus," or parade and drill ground for the military students, is shortly to be effectively graded and improved. Owing to two years of consecutive drought, the want of a copious supply
Real-estate men advertise in the OAKLAND TRIBUNE.
INGERSOLL'S PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY, No. 1069 Broadway, cor. Twelfth.
GORDON'S Ice Cream Manufactory, 469 Ninth Street, Oakland.
BERKELEY.
21
of water has been severely felt. Unfortunately an appropriation bill, in which provision was made for furnishing an ample supply of pure and wholesome water from the adjacent hills, failed of becoming a law during the last session of the Legislature.
The beauty of Upper Berkeley has been and is being materially en- hanced by the erection of costly and cosy private residences. The more expensive dwellings are owned by business men of Oakland, and the smaller domiciles by professors and other instructors in the University. Club houses for students, and halls for literary and social societies, have been built during the past season.
At and around the Central Berkeley Station there has been unwonted activity during the year. Three grocery and provision stores, two real estate offices, butcher's shop, hotel and restaurant, have gone up; and a cluster of cottages may also be numbered amongthe improvements. One mile above this point, and near the extreme northern end of the San Pablo range of hills, is the Chappellet Tract. The North Berkeley Railroad has been extended to these lands, which are steadily rising in value. They are eagerly sought for on account of the excellent drainage, superb views had in every direction, arable nature of the soil, and superabundance of water, which is conducted from artificial lakes in the foot hills, through pipes down not only to this settlement, but along the valley as far as the railroad depot.
Two miles west from the colleges, and stretching along the bay shore is the manufacturing colony of Berkeley. Here the great building, until lately occupied by the Cornell Watch Factory Company, is soon to be metamorphosed into a shoe and leather establishment, under the man- agement of I. M. Wentworth.
The West Berkeley Wool and Leather Manufactory has just started, but not as yet completed their organization.
They have purchased about twenty acres, and commenced the construc- tion of buildings. The tanning of sheepskins will be a specialty by a new process. The works are located about one half mile above the ferry.
In the immediate vicinity Messrs. Shuster & Niehaus' planing mills are running constantly, and the business of the firm is increasing rapidly. A grist mill is also attached to the establishment.
The most extensive manufactory of the kind on the Pacific Coast is that of the Standard Soap Factory, also one of the local industries in this quarter.
The West Berkeley Lumber Yard, close by, is under the proprietor- ship of John F. Byxbee. In Berkeley also is the lumber yard of Thomas Richardson.
Messrs. Judson & Shepard, of the San Francisco Chemical Works, have commenced the construction of new works on the bay shore, two miles above the Ferry Landing.
Berkeleywards the course of progress takes its way.
The Broadway Railway Company is soon to extend their line to the State University and run a dummy. The proposed road will be to the east of Telegraph Avenue, and run near the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Asylum.
Real estate associations in the town of Berkeley and vicinity are numerous. They all have agencies and offices in Oakland or San Fran- cisco, and their transactions in the course of the year 1877, although not as extensive as in the previous season, still swelled to a large sum in the aggregate.
The Berkeley Land Town Improvement Association own three hun- dred acres on the west side of San Pablo Avenue. Much of the tract has been laid out in streets and lots, some of which are built upon.
Herman Cordes, real-estate and insurance agent. 903 Washington St.
For coal and wood go to 0. K. FREEMAN & CO., NW cor. Eighth and Franklin sts.'
Buy your homesteads of WOODWARD & TAGGART.
22
OAKLAND DIRECTORY.
Here are Snow & Griffith's Tannery and Glove Factory, Standard Soap Factory, Wentworth's Boot and Shoe Factory, etc. A. Rammelsberg is President of the Association. Their land is valued on an average at $1,500 per acre.
The Berkeley Villa Homestead Association have two hundred acres, lying above the railroad, held at $1,500 per acre.
Graves & Taylor hold forty acres below the Berkeley Branch Railway, west of Shattuck Avenue, and a quarter of a mile north of the present terminus of the railroad.
The N. W. Spaulding Tract lies between Shattuck Avenue and San Pablo Avenue. It consists of twenty acres.
The Barker Tract, corner of Dwight Way and Shattuck Avenue, con- sists of thirty acres.
The College Homestead Association occupy forty acres between Shat- tuck Avenue and College Avenue.
Immediately south of the Berkeley Villa Tract lies the Antisell Tract, which has an area of twenty acres.
All of the above tracts of land are well watered and on eligible sites. The land will bring, under the hammer, on an average of at least $1,200 per acre.
DRIVES AND PLEASURE RESORTS.
Stranger visitors in Oakland are charmed with the beauty of the drives through the city and in the suburbs. The streets are all macadamized, and vehicles glide over them noiselessly. The views obtained from the surrounding heights are varied and picturesque. Except in very wet Winters, the roads as far out as Berkeley, Summit House, on the San Pablo Range, Fruit Vale, San Leandro, and Alameda Point, are consid- ered among the most lovely of all the suburban drives in California. The Telegraph and San Pablo avenues are the great drive-ways on the north of the city, and from them radiate numerous roads that lead into the hills. There are two beautiful drives leading to Piedmont Springs, five miles from Oakland, by way of Broadway or Webster streets or out Twelfth Street to the Lake Road, with finger boards at all cross roads directing the way. From the Piedmont Springs Hotel, which offers every attraction for the comfort and enjoyment of its patrons, perhaps the finest and most complete view of the bay and its surroundings is obtained, while the Bushy Dell, hard by, is a ravine filled with a luxuriant growth of shrubbery and trees ; this is a most delightful and romantic spot, with excellent made walks running through it. In this dell the sulphur springs are situated, of which there are three, flowing eight hundred gallons of water per hour, strongly impregnated with sulphur, magnesia, and iron. They have medicinal properties of great value. No place of resort can be more favorably recommended to the notice of our Eastern visitors, while the city man out of health will find them very conveniently situated. From Piedmont there are good roads running through the mountains, and there is a labyrinth of pleasant drives. The mountain scenery is very fine, and it is difficult to realize that so great a change can be found in a half hour's ride from Oakland.
Citizen W. W. Camron has a carefully prepared and well matured plan for the laying out of a grand park and boulevards, lined with trees and graveled roads and walks around Lake Merritt. The Merchant's Exchange Association have freely discussed the enterprise, the City Council, it is believed, favor it, and doubtless, in the near future, Oakland will be able to boast of a park worthy of the name, and of her own fame as a beau- tiful city.
The OAKLAND TRIBUNE is bright, bold and vigorous.
For the best cabinet photographs, go to INGERSOLL'S, No. 1069 Broadway.
J. S. G. GORDON, wholesale and retail dealer in ice. 469 Ninth St.
LOCAL INDUSTRIES.
23
The system of roads in East Oakland is quite complete, and the visitor can follow any road that he may observe without danger of being led into an unpleasant or dangerous locality.
The most important place of public resort, especially on Sundays, is Badger's Central Park, East Oakland, where there are highly ornamented grounds, a large pavilion for dancing, and all the attractions ordinarily found at public gardens. That the excellent roads in and around Oakland are appreciated by visitors, is attested by the fact that Oakland has eight large livery stables, all of them doing a prosperous business.
Lake Merritt, a beautiful sheet of water situated on the north side of Twelfth Street, east of Oak, is now used at all times for boating and yachting ; a fine boat house has been erected on Twelfth Street for the convenience of those who seek health and pleasure by such exercise.
LOCAL INDUSTRIES.
Manufactories are keeping pace with other local industries in Oakland and vicinity. In value and importance they are second only to the com- mercial interests, which latter, however, are to a great extent prospective. A complete list of the manufacturing establishments of Berkeley appears in the statistics published elsewhere.
Three breweries, engaged in the manufacture of lager beer, have invested $150,000; and the quantity of beer brewed per annum amounts to thirteen thousand barrels.
Oakland is the great manufacturing center for flour on the eastern side of the Bay of San Francisco. Three large mills turn out one hnn- dred and seventy-five thousand barrels of flour per annum.
There are two Potteries and Terra Cotta manufactories in Oakland, which make sewer-pipe, tiles, condensers for quicksilver, etc. Thirty thousand dollars is invested in this business.
The Oakland Planing Mills, Pioneer Planing Mills, Grove Street, Enterprise, and Point Planing Mills, having invested half a million of dollars, have furnished, together with five lumber yards, nearly all of the lumber used in the construction of the eleven hundred buildings erected in Oakland during the year 1877.
One of the most extensive branches of home industries in Oakland is the canning of vegetables and fruits. J. Lusk & Co. have the monopoly of this business. They employ 300 hands during the business season, and supply a large portion of the demand for consumption on this coast.
The Pacific Jute Manufactory has a capital of $1,000,000. This firm manufactures as high as 5,000,000 sacks per year.
Among other home industries is that of Blair's Stair Factory, and in the same building is the office of the California Building Company, which has a very large business in both city and county.
The Manhattan Marble Works are sending to every part of the Pacific Coast artificial mantle pieces, tiles, etc., handsome and durable, but in close imitation of the imported articles.
Within the past year the Pacific Cordage Works at Melrose have been purchased by the S. F. Cordage Company.
At Gordon's Manufactory is made all the artificial ice consumed in Oakland. Five tons are frozen daily at this establishment, and Mr. Gordon has $20,000 invested in the business.
Three tanneries, in East Oakland, owned by John S. Derby, George F. Crist, and Beeger & Espenlaub, have materially enlarged their busi- ness transactions since the last statistics of their business were published in this directory.
For the finest stock of foreign coal, go to J. Homer Fritch, 413 11th St.
O. K. FREEMAN & CO., coal and wood dealers, NW cor. Eighth and Franklin sts.
WOODWARD & TAGGART have farms and ranches for sale.
24
OAKLAND DIRECTORY.
Fur, glove, and one ribbon manufactory are well patronized by the ladies of Oakland. Their patronage is almost entirely of a local character.
There are five windmill manufactories in this city, and there is scarcely an occupied dwelling, with grounds surrounding, that has not a wind- mill-the handiwork of Oakland mechanics.
The artificial stone works of G. D. Nagle & Co. are rapidly growing in importance, and his plain and ornamental stone blocks for sidewalks, garden paths, buildings, hitching-posts, etc., are beautiful and durable specimens of skill and taste.
The Oakland Iron Works of Ives Scoville & Co. are heavily engaged in the manufacture and repair of various kinds of machinery, steam engines, pumps, etc.
The works of the Central Pacific Railway Company, in West Oakland, for the storage of cars, locomotives, etc., are very extensive. It is believed that in less than a year the foundries and workshops of the company, in Sacramento, will be removed to Oakland Point.
The repairing of steamers belonging to the company, on the " ways," at the Point, is a business constantly employing a large number of hands, and a vast amount of iron, lumber, and other materials are consumed annually.
POPULATION, APRIL 1, 1878.
The number of references contained in the Oakland department of the present volume, is 14,391 ; of these figures, 12,036 are the names of resident males. Included therein are the residents of Berkeley, estima- ted at 515, which, if deducted, will make the number for Oakland 11,521. Estimating that each name (not reference) represents three and one-half of population, it would give 40,323 as the population of Oakland. This method of arriving at the population of a city is, in the absence of an official canvass, generally accepted in the Eastern States, and when it is based upon a reliable canvass, the result may be regarded as a fair ap- proximation to the actual figures.
Another method is to take the returns of the school census, and estimate that each child of sixteen and under represents three and one- half of population. The School Census of Oakland, June 30, 1877, gives the number 10,191, to which should be added the increase since that date, nine months (according to the ratio of 1877 and 1876), of 1,083, making a total April 1, 1878, of 11,274. This number, at three and one- half each, gives as a result 39,459.
From the above and a careful examination of the returns of the can- vassers employed on the work, and other reliable data obtained during the progress of the canvass, the compiler believes that the figures first named above 40,323 to be a fair estimate of the population of Oakland April 1, 1878.
THE CENTRAL LAND COMPANY.
This company is the owner of two hundred lots of land of fifty and sixty feet frontages, which they are improving by the erection of good houses to be sold on the monthly instalment plan, the purchaser paying a small sum on taking possession, and the balance of purchase price in sums the equivalent of rent. The company has a capital of $160,000, contributed by some of the leading men of the city, and its operations have been so ably and liberally managed that it has proved a great success to all concerned-purchasers as well as sellers. A hundred beautiful homes
For all your wants advertise in the OAKLAND TRIBUNE.
Pictures of children a specialty at INGERSOLL'S, No. 1069 Broadway.
D. K. FREEMAN & CO., wholesale and retail dealers in wood and coal.
J. S. G. GORDON is the pioneer ice man. Office, 469 Ninth Street.
METEOROLOGICAL, MORTALITY. 25
now adorn the company's tract of land ; streets graded, some maca- damizing done, sidewalks laid, water introduced throughout, and rapid improvement is the general order in that part of the city. The com- pany's tract is located between Telegraph and San Pablo avenues-the two great arteries of the city, leading north, and Market, West, and Grove streets run through the property. The Telegraph Avenue and the San Pablo Avenue street railroads furnish facilities so that ten min- utes fully suffices to reach the business center of the city. The Durant Grammar School and an infant school are in the immediate vicinity, and just across Telegraph Avenue are McClure's Military Academy and the Golden Gate Academy. Churches, stores, and everything needed are handy. The land is the best of garden soil and perfectly drained, and all the lots above the grade.
Mr. F. B. Haswell, the secretary and business manager of the com- pany, informs us that in all the extended operations of the company not a single purchaser of a house and lot has ever forfeited or wished to abandon any purchase made.
METEOROLOGICAL.
The meteorological observations made in the City of Oakland up to the present year have been mainly confined to recording the rainfall, which has been as follows :
INCHES
1868-9
20 69-100
1869-70.
19 58-100
1870-1
12 16-100
1871-2
.32 69-100
1872-3.
16 42-100
1873-4
26
3-100
1874-5.
21 67-100
1875-6.
28 46-100
1876-7
11 71-100
1877-8, to April 1st.
30 57-100
For the years 1868 to 1872, the above figures were made by Mr. John Ross, and since the latter date by Mr. James Hutchison, of the Bay Nursery.
MORTUARY STATISTICS
OF THE CITY OF OAKLAND, FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1877.
Under 1 year old
62 males ; 79 females
141
Between 1 and 5.
48
50
66
.98
Between 5 and 10
18
66
17
35
Between 10 and 15
6
66
7
66
13
Between 15 and 20.
8
66
6
66
14
Between 20 and 30 .23
26
49
Between 30 and 40. 27
66
26
.53
Between 40 and 50
20
26
66
46
Between 50 and 60 20
22
66
42
Between 60 and 70. 10
8
18
Between 70 and 80.
8
10
18
Between 80 and 90.
5
3
66
8
Between 100 and 110
1
66
66
1
Totals.
256
280
536
BIRTHS.
299 males ; 294 females-Total.
593
Herman Cordes, real-estate and insurance agent, ¥03 Washington St.
3
66
WOODWARD & TAGGART, 460 and 462 Eighth Street.
26
OAKLAND DIRECTORY.
INQUESTS.
The following is the list of monthly inquests holden by Coroner Hel- mer in the year 1877: January, 7; February, 2; March, 2; April, 2; May, 5; June, 5; July, 2; August, 3; September, 3; October, 3; November, 2; December, 3. Total, 39.
REAL ESTATE.
The following statistics will exhibit in a striking degree the advance of real property in Oakland during the last decade :
Total sales for 1867 $ 1,685,237
Total sales for 1868.
2,700,038
Total sales for 1869
2,518,315
Total sales for 1870
2,294,534
Total sales for 1871
2,074,163
Total sales for 1872
2,459,015
Total sales for 1873.
2,439,595
Total sales for 1874.
3,042,371
Total sales for 1875
4,076,821
Total sales for 1876.
7,711,545
Total sales for 1877.
9,128,495
The sales for each month of 1877 were as follows :
January $ 806,380 | July. $708,046
February.
504,127
August
819,271
March .
671,302
September
548,314
April
922,123
October.
625,413
May
1,444,037
November 906,061
June.
567,128
December
606,273
PUBLIC LIBRARIES.
OAKLAND LIBRARY .- Northwest corner of Fourteenth and Washington streets. The Oakland Library Association was organized on the fifth day of March, 1868, by a meeting of the citizens of Oakland called for that purpose. The first officers (elected April 27, 1868) were: President, Samuel Merritt; Vice-President, W. H. Glascock; Treasurer, A. C. Henry; Recording Secretary, William C. Little; Corresponding Secre- tary, George Tait. Trustees : H. D. Bacon, E. Bigelow, G. W. Armes, H. C. Lee, G. C. Potter, E. C. Sessions, P. S. Wilcox, Joseph Gamble.
Officers, 1877-78 .- President, J. P. Moore; Vice-President, O. H. Burnham; Treasurer, G. M. Fisher; Secretary, Mrs. S. S. Sanborn; Librarian, Ina D. Coolbrith.
There are about four thousand volumes in the library. The average number drawn monthly is one thousand and seventy.
ODD FELLOWS' LIBRARY .- Rooms, Odd Fellows' Hall, northwest cor- ner of Franklin and Eleventh streets. The Odd Fellows' Library As- sociation was organized August 12, 1867.
This library contains three thousand four hundred volumes of works, well selected from the different departments of modern literature. A careful selection of the best periodicals and the leading newspapers of the day are regularly received and filed for the use of visitors. Increase of library during the past year, four hundred and fifty-four volumes. Num- ber of volumes taken out during the same period, thirteen thousand five hundred and sixty-one. Average monthly circulation, eleven hund- red and thirty.
The following named are the officers for 1877-78: John M. Kercheval,
The OAKLAND TRIBUNE is the city official paper.
INGERSOLL'S PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY, No. 1069 Broadway, cor. Twelfth.
Fresh milk cream and butter milk, wholesale and retail at 469 Ninth.
27
LIBRARIES, MUNICIPAL OFFICERS.
President; George W. Lewis, Secretary; William P. Pinkham, Treasur- er; P. J. Ipsen, Librarian.
LAW LIBRARY ASSOCIATION .- The urgent necessity of having a law library for the use and benefit of lawyers living in Oakland, but practi- cing in San Francisco, as also for members of the bar doing business here, induced the starting of a law library association. It was incor- porated February 25, 1878. There is no capital stock.
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