USA > California > San Luis Obispo County > History of San Luis Obispo County, California, with illustrations and biographical sketches of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 39
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In San Luis Obispo, Lincoln, 148; Breckenridge, 155; Douglas, 120; Bell, o ..
For Assembly-Charles H. Johnson, 156; Wm. L. Beebee, 152: P. A. Forrester, 87.
Coroner-N. Revello, 164; E. A. Albert, 135; Charles Freeman, 13; others, 6.
Public Administrator-C. T. Romie, 155; J. de la Guerra, 143; J. Bunce, 29; others, 5.
Superintendent Public Schools-P. Dunn, 196; J. M. Havens, 182; others, 6.
Supervisor, San Luis Obispo District-J. Bunce, 89; W. C. Dana, 82; F. Wickenden, 35.
Supervisor, Salinas District-O. P. McFadden, 53; F. A. Tracy, 25.
Supervisor, San Simeon District-Julian Estrada, 51; E. A. Clark, 44.
Justices of the Peace, San Luis Obispo-J. M. Havens, IO1; F. Buelna, 87; L. H. Button, 51; J. J. Simmler, 37; Salinas, I. F. Barnham, 30; F. Kilfoyle, 29; Wm. Mc- Cutcheon, 18; San Simeon, J. A. Chase, 60; Carolan Mathers, 36; Luis Raggio, 5; E. W. Howe, 2; Arroyo Grande, Henry M. Osgood, 11; Haskins, 7.
The call for a Constitutional Convention was defeated, and the proposition to pay the remaining State debt was adopted.
The surprise was general that the electoral vote of California had gone for Lincoln, the Republican candi- date, and to Democrats, the news was received with con- sternation. But four or five years previously the speakers of this party had been mobbed when attempting to speak in public, and were constantly denounced as Abolishion- ists, Black Republicans, and many other epithets then considered insulting and damaging. He who had enun- ciated its principles in advance of public opinion was WVm. H. Seward, United States Senator from New York; a man much respected throughout the South for his abil- ity, honesty, and urbanity of manner; and he had been the expected candidate of the party for the Presidency, and great disappointment had been felt when it was given to another. Lincoln was not a popular candidate, and the vote given him was dictated by principle and not by the attractions of the man. Douglas had been long and favorably known; claimed the revered name of Democrat, but maintained a bold and firm opposition to the extreme pro-slavery measures of the party, and thus attracted to his support many who professed the principles of the Republican Party. His Democracy and his personal popularity also attached to him many who were classed as pro-slavery men.
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POLITICAL HISTORY CONTINUED.
J. A. MCDOUGALL, SENATOR.
The Legislature met at Sacramento, January 7, 1861. Pablo de la Guerra, Douglas Democrat, of Santa Bar- bara and San Luis Obispo, was elected President of the Senate, and after near two weeks' balloting, R. Burnell, Douglas Democrat, of Amador, was elected Speaker. The question of the election of United States Senator to succeed Dr. W. M. Gwin was the political feature of the session. The Douglas Democrats, having the plurality, were expected to name the successful aspirant, and as a consequence presented the greater number. Of those mentioned were Judge Joseph G. Baldwin, J. W. Den- ver, John Conness, Edmund Randolph, and James A. McDougall. John Nugent was the Breckenbridge can- didate, and Timothy Guy Phelps was presented by the Republicans. This matter remained undecided until · the 20th of March, when James A. McDougall received 56 votes of the III cast, and was declared elected.
A STORMY SESSION-THE REBELLION.
The session was quite a stormy one, the " state of the Union" constituting the great theme of discussion. Shortly after the Presidential election in 1860, the State of South Carolina passed an ordinance of secession, and was soon followed by other States of the South. The question debated was the right of a State to secede from the Union, and the right of the General Government to coerce a State to remain.
CAMPAIGN OF 1861.
President Lincoln was duly inaugurated on the 4th of March, 1861, and on the 19th of April the War of Re- bellion commenced by the firing upon Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. The President called an extra session of Congress to convene at Washington, July 4, but, owing to the time of election of Congressmen, Cali- fornia would be unrepresented until after the general election in September. Under the census of 1860 it was believed California would be accorded three Rep- resentatives, but no apportionment was made. By ap- portionment of the Legislature the counties of San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara were united into one Assembly District, entitled to one Assemblyman, the Senatorial District remaining as before.
The campaign of 1861 was for the election of a Governor and other State officers, two Members of Con- gress, and a Legislature. Although the State was author_ ized to elect but two Members of Congress, and but two were nominated in convention, the belief existed that the population justified the election of three, and three were elected.
The Democratic State Convention met at Sacramento June 11th, but owing to the non-attendance of members, adjourned to meet again on the 23d of July. Cor- respondence passed between the two central committees of the Breckenridge and Douglas Democrats upon the subject of consolidating the elements of the party, but were ineffectual. At the adjourned convention the fol- lowing nominations were made: For Governor, John R. McConnell, of Nevada; Lieutenant-Governor, . Jasper
-
O'Farrell, of Marin; Congress, H. P. Barbour, of Tuol- umne, and D. O. Shattuck, of San Francisco; Justice of Supreme Court, William C. Wallace, of Napa; Con- troller, S. H. Brooks, of San Joaquin; Treasurer, Thomas Findley, of Nevada; Attorney-General, Tod Robinson, of Sacramento; Clerk of Supreme Court, C. S. Fairfax, of Marin: Surveyor-General, H. A. Higley; of Alameda; State Printer, M. D. Carr, of Ynba. Frank Ganahl, of Siskiyou, was added as a candidate for Congress by the State Central Committee.
The Republican State Convention nominated: For Governor, Leland Stanford, of Sacramento; Lieutenant- Governor, J. F. Chellis, of Trinity; Congress, T. G. Phelps, of San Mateo, and A. A. Sargent, of Nevada; Justice of Supreme Court, Edward Norton, of San Fran- cisco; Attorney-General, F. M. Pixley, of San Francisco; Clerk of Supreme Court, F. F. Fargo, of Alameda; Controller, G. B. Warren, of San Joaquin; Treasurer. D. R. Ashley, of Monterey: Surveyor-General, J. F. Houghton, of Solano; State Printer, Benjamin P. Avery, of Yuba. Frederick F. Low, of Yuba, was subsequently added as a third candidate for Congress. The conven- tion was large, highly respectable, and enthusiastic.
The Douglas Democratic State Convention met at Sacramento, July 4, and made the following nominations: For Governor, John Conness, of El Dorado; Lieutenant- Governor, Richard Irwin of Plumas; Congress, Henry Edgerton, of Sacramento, and Joseph C. Mckibben, of Sierra; Justice of Supreme Court, B. C. Whitman, of Solano; Clerk of Supreme Court, George S. Evans, of Tuolumne; Attorney-General, George W. Bowie, of Sacramento; Treasurer, Joel T. Landrum, of Shasta; Controller, James E. Nuttman, of San Francisco; Sur- veyor-General, J. J. Gardner, of San Francisco; State Printer, John R. Ridge, of Nevada.
Douglas died on the 6th of June, leaving his name as the title of a party, and political principles which, in the radical changes soon to follow, were to be swept away as the mist before the storm.
Three parties were in the field, but only the Demo- cratic and Republican showed any well-defined princi- ple or object; the Douglas appearing as composed of men not knowing which side to take, or that with the elements so disturbed they would await the opportunity to rise to the surface and obtain an office. The War of the Rebellion had begun and several battles were fought during the campaign. The excitement was intense, and partisan feelings were bitter. The Republicans were evidently the strongest, and, as Unionists, were supported by the Douglas Democrats, and these made common cause against the Democrats, who were de- nounced as rebels, secessionists, copperheads, and other obnoxious terms.
OFFICERS OF ELECTION.
At a meeting of the Board of Supervisors, August 6, 1861, the following precincts and inspectors of election were appointed :-
Arroyo Grande, F. Z. Branch, Inspector: Estrella, Mr. Pelham Sr., Inspector; Morro, E. W. Howe, Inspector;
148
HISTORY OF SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY.
Paso de Robles, Morgan Martin, Inspector; San Luis Obispo, Heuston King, Inspector; San Miguel, Wm. Mccutcheon, Inspector; San Simeon, E. A. Clark, In- spector.
SUCCESS OF THE REPUBLICANS.
The election was held September 4, 1861, giving the majority in the State to the Republicans, and partial suc- cess to the party in the county. For Governor 119,730 votes were cast, of which Leland Stanford received 56,- 036; John R. McConnell, 32,750, and John Conness, 30,944. A. A. Sargent, T. G. Phelps, and F. F. Low were elected to Congress.
The vote of San Luis Obispo was as follows :-
Governor-Stanford, 176; McConnell, 200; Conness, 102.
Senator, Third Legislative District-Romualdo Pa- checo, of San Luis Obispo, 449; elected Senator.
Assenbly-C. W. Dana, 255; G. W. Gable, 178; V. Mondran, 1; Mr. Dana represented the two counties of San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara, comprising the Third District.
County Judge-Joseph M. Havens, 238; J. M. Bonilla, 225.
Sheriff-Francisco Castro, 279; Joseph Riley, 182; Luis Raggio, 2.
County Clerk-Thomas H. Bouton, 226; C. T. Romie, 203.
District Attorney-Peter A. Forrester, 306; James White, 128.
Treasurer-Walter Murray, 250; Wm. L. Beebee, 184. Assessor-N. Gaxiola, 184; James Dickson, 171; Hor- ace Saunders, 79; J. J. Simmler, 21.
Surveyor-W. C. Parker, 222; John Todd, 180.
Coroner-C. J. Freeman, 294; L. B. Martin, 152.
Superintendent of Schools-Alexander Murray, 201; E. A. Clark, 178; P. Dunn, 63.
Public Administrator-George Hall, 178; R. E. Bland, 125; F. Conig, 10.
Supervisors, San Luis Obispo-E. Romie, 107; J. C. Cipna, 103; Juan Cappe, 9; W. C. Dana, 20. Paso de Robles, O. P. McFadden, 66; La Costa, Julian Estrada, 45; B. M. Palmer, 39; Luis Raggio, 3.
Justices of the Peace and Constables were elected as follows: For San Luis Obispo, Feliz Buelna and N. W. Jamison, Justices; and T. J. Landrith and A. Biddlecomb, Constables; La Costa, B. M. Palmer and J. A. Gaxiola, Justices; and E. Morehouse and L. Hernandez, Consta- bles; Paso de Robles, B. Clements and B. P. Brown, Jus- tices, and E. B. Morriss and P. Roquette, Constables.
The Legislature met at Sacramento, January 4, 1862, and organized by electing Republican officers, James McM. Shafter being President pro tem. of the Senate, and George Barstow, Speaker of the Assembly. January 14th Sacramento was inundated by the severest flood known since the occupation of the country by the Americans, and the Legislature made a temporary capital at San Francisco, adjourning sine die, April 14, 1862.
CAMPAIGN OF 1862.
At the election to be held on the first Wednesday of
September, 1862, the people were required to vote for a Superintendent of Public Instruction, and upon four amendments to the State Constitution throughout the State, and in San Luis Obispo County for a Member of the Assembly from the Third District. The amendments to the Constitution provided for biennial sessions of the Legislature, making the session begin the first Monday of December in 1863, and every two years thereafter, limited the session to 120 days, and separated the elec- tion of the judiciary and school officers from purely political officers.
THREE PARTIES IN THE FIELD.
Efforts were made to form combinations of parties, to dissolve the Douglas, or, as it was commonly called, the Union Democratic party, that seemingly being the only movable, or dissoluble organization. The effort prevailed in some counties. The Republicans and the Douglas Democrats represented the Union element, and the De- mocracy, the peace-at-any-price, and rebel element. The war was progressing with great fierceness and energy, and party and sectional feeling was intense and bitter. The Union element was much the strongest and at times it ex- pressed itself in the violent treatment of its opponents as the Republicans had been treated four or five years before. So bitter was the feeling against those called secessionists, that many were deterred from expressing their opinion in public. The candidates for Superintendent of Public In- struction were John Swett, Republican; Col. J. D. Steven- son, Union Democrat, and Rev. O. P. Fitzgerald, Demo- crat.
The election occurred September 4, 1862, resulting in the election of John Swett as Superintendent of Public Instruction, and carrying the amendments to the Consti- tution. J. Ramon Hill, of Santa Barbara, was elected to represent the district in the Assembly, and Robert Thompson, and J. Mariano Bonilla were elected Super- visors.
ABOLITION OF SLAVERY.
The Legislature met January 5, 1863. The partisan representation was classed as follows: Senate, 31 Repub- licans, 5 Union Democrats, and 4 Democrats. Assembly, 63 Republicans, 10 Union Democrats, and 4 Democrats. A. M. Crane was elected President pro tem. of the Sen- ate, and T. N. Machin, Speaker of the Assembly, both Republicans. Nearly the first business introduced was a resolution approving the emancipation proclamation of President Lincoln, by which slavery was abolished in the United States January 1, 1863. This brought forth some bitter speeches from its opponents, but was car- ried by a large vote, the Assembly voting 65 ayes to 1I noes.
JOHN CONNESS ELECTED SENATOR.
The question of the election of a United States Sena- tor occupied a great part of the business of the session until the 10th of February, when the choice fell upon John Conness, of El Dorado. The leading candidates had been T. G. Phelps, A. A. Sargent, and James McM. Shafter.
149
POLITICAL HISTORY CONTINUED.
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS ADOPTED.
The Legislature, by resolution, declared that the Con- stitutional amendments proposed by the two preceding Legislatures had been adopted, and were part of the or- ganic law.
CAMPAIGN OF 1863.
In the campaign of 1863 the political parties had be- come more defined, and the great questions of national importance had so developed as to have two sides plainly visible, leaving no possible question for a third party upon which it could claim a principle. The great war was at its height, and was fought with an energy and force of men and means, of blood and treasure, of skill and cour- age, of enthusiasm and determination, of patriotism and suffering, never before recorded in history. The abolition of slavery was declared, and with the existence of the Union, depended on the issue of the war. The political question of the campaign was the support of the admin- istration in the war on one side, and disapproval and enmity on the other.
There were to be elected three Members of Congress, a Governor, and State officers, Legislative and county offi- cers at the political election to be held September 2d, and a Superintendent of Public Instruction, District and County Judge at the judicial election to be held October 21, 1863.
DEMOCRATIC SONG.
The following verses are taken from a popular Dem- ocratic campaign song, of 1863, entitled "A New Dixie," and are an example of the argument and feeling of the period :-
The people 'lected old Abe Lincoln, Wonder what they were a thinkin' ? Abraham was an old deceiver, Rail-wood splitter-Union cleaver.
Look away-away- Old Abe won't save the Union! On Union ground He is not found- He will not save the Union.
Years of warfare! bloodshed! horror! Years of broken hearts and sorrow;
Widows, orphans, bankrupt nation; And yet our eyes see no salvation!
Look away-away- They will not save the Union, On Union ground They are not found, Who favor war for Union!
Down with Wade, and Chase, and all such! Weak or wicked we will call such- Give us men as rulers o'er us Like Vallandigham and Voorhies!
Look away -- away -- Such men will give us Union; On Union ground They're always found, And loyal to the Union.
"LONG HAIRS" .AND "SHORT HAIRS" UNITED.
The election of Conness to the United States Senate by the Republican Legislature had united the Union
Democrats adhering to him, known as "Short Hairs," to the Republican Party, which had been designated as "Long Hairs." The State Convention met at Sacra- mento June 15th. The "Short Hairs" were in the ma- jority, and secured all the nominations, with the excep- tion of Controller and Clerk of the Supreme Court. The term "Long Hair" was given the early Republicans in derision of the many leaders who affected that fash- ion of wearing their hair; and the reverse to the rougher element who had formerly been the adherents of Brod- erick, coming into the party via the Douglas branch, and who were supposed to crop their locks in fighting style. The prominent candidates for Governor were A. A. Sargent and F. F. Low. The former received 93 votes and the latter 176.
The remaining nominees were: For Lieutenant-Gov- ernor, T. N. Machin, of Calaveras; Secretary of State, B. B. Redding, of Sacramento; Controller, George Oul- ton of Siskiyou; Treasurer, Romualdo Pacheco, of San Luis Obispo; Attorney-General, J. G. Mccullough, of Mariposa; State Printer, O. M. Clayes, of San Joaquin; Clerk of Supreme Court, W. D. Harriman, of Placer; Members of Congress, Cornelius Cole, Wm. Higby, and Thomas B. Shannon.
The Union Democrats held no State Convention, the members affiliating with the other parties as their princi- ples or interests dictated.
The Democratic Party was strengthened by many members of the Douglas Party joining it, and made nominations: For Governor, John G. Downey, of Los Angeles; Lieutenant-Governor, E. W. Mckinstry, of San Francisco; Members of Congress, John B. Weller, John Bigler, and N. E. Whiteside, and a full State ticket.
ELECTION SEPTEMBER, 1863.
The county was divided into the following precincts : San Luis Obispo, Santa Margarita, Beach, Arroyo Grande, Santa Rosa, Estrella, Hot Springs. At this election San Luis Obispo Precinct cast 193 votes; Santa Margarita, 52; Beach, 47; Arroyo Grande, 30; Santa Rosa, 87; Es. trella, 22; Hot Springs, 48.
The vote in San Luis Obispo County was as follows :-
Governor-F. F. Low, 260; J. G. Downey, 219.
Members of Congress-T. B. Shannon, 252; W. Hig- by, 272; C. Cole, 270.
Senator-Russell Heath, 181; J. Y. Cot, 181; Dr. Ord, 90 (all of Santa Barbara), Heath being elected.
Assembly-J. Ramon Hill, 238; Angel G. Escandon,
188 (both of Santa Barbara), Escandon being elected. Sheriff-J. M. Muñoz, 248; R. R. Harris, 210.
County Clerk-C. W. Dana, 234; T. H. Bouton, 221. District Attorney-James White, 216; P. A. Forrester, 213.
County Treasurer-W. Murray, 229; S. A. Pollard, 222. County Assessor -- - Hook, 247; J. P. Leuelling, 198.
County Surveyor-F. E. Darke, 226; W. C. Parker, 186.
Public Administrator-George Stone, 220; D. F. New- som, 198; Coroner, T. Bains, 250; C. J. Freeman, 197.
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HISTORY OF SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY.
Superintendent of Schools -- A. Murray, 233; P. H. Dunn, 133; P. Ames, 74.
Constables --. J. Weiner, 172; J. J. Scheiffarley, 141; A. Biddlecomb, 136; Wm. McKenon, 30.
Justice of Peace -- D. F. Newsom, 122; S. Sumner, 36. The total vote of the State was 109, 292, of which F. F. Low received 64,447, and J. G. Downey, 44,845. The three Republican Members of Congress and all the State nominees were elected.
JUDICIAL ELECTION.
The judicial election, intended by the amendment to the Constitution to be non-partisan, but which was as much governed by party spirit as ever, occurred October 21, 1863. O. L. Shafter, Lorenzo Sawyer, John Currey, A. L. Rhodes, and S. W. Sanderson, were elected Justices of the Supreme Court; John Swett, Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Pablo de la Guerra was elected Judge of the First Judicial District, comprising the counties of San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and San Diego. William L. Beebee was elected County Judge.
CAMPAIGN OF 1864.
With the campaign of 1864 again occurred the Presi- dential election. The war had been prosecuted during the past year with great vigor on both sides, and the decisive victories of Gettysburg and Vicksburg, and the opening of the Mississippi, had been won by the Federal forces, but the rebel government was still maintained at Richmond, and several formidable rebel armies continued in the field. The political position was the same as in the preceding campaign; that was the support of the war, or opposition to it. The abolition of slavery had given the Democrats the opportunity to make strong accusa- tions against the Republican Administration, slavery being regarded as the most sacred institution of the Govern- ment, as it had been declared the corner-stone of the Southern Confederacy, and negro equality was the fright- ful picture presented to the people.
PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATIONS.
National Conventions to nominate a President and Vice-President had been called-the Republican to meet at Baltimore, June 7th, and the Democratic to meet at Chicago, July 4th, which was postponed to August 29th. A Convention styling itself " Radical Democrats," claim- ing to be Republicans opposed to the tender policy of Lincoln, was held at Cleveland the last of May, and nominated J. C. Fremont for President, and John Coch- rane for Vice-President.
The Baltimore Convention nominated Abraham Lin- coln, of Illinois, for President, and Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, for Vice-President; and the Chicago Conven- tion nominated George B. McClellan, of Pennsylvania, for President, and George H. Pendleton, of Ohio, for Vice-President. The Democrats declared " unqualified condemnation of the Emancipation Proclamation of the President as tending to protract indefinitely the civil war, excite servile insurrection, and close the door for-
ever to a restoration of the union of these States." The war for the Union was declared a failure, and a cessation of hostilities, with a view to a convention of all the States to make peace on a basis of the Federal union of the States.
ELECTION 1864.
The proclamation of the Governor called for the election, November 8, 1864, to choose five Electors and three Members of Congress. By Act of the Legislature of 1864 the State had been divided into three Congres- sional Districts, San Luis Obispo being in the First, which comprised seventeen counties: Fresno, Inyo, Los Angeles, Mariposa, Merced, Monterey, San Benito, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Stan- islaus, and Tulare.
The election was held November 8, 1864, resulting in a Republican victory. The electoral vote in the United States was: Lincoln and Johnson, 212; McClellan and Pendleton, 21. The vote in California was: Lincoln, 62,899; McClellan, 43,865. The vote of San Luis Obispo was: Lincoln, 259; Mcclellan, 149.
Member of Congress -- Donald C. McRuer, Republi- can, for the First District, 253; J. B. Crockett, Demo- crat, 149.
William Higby was elected in the Second and John Bidwell in the Third District.
R. R. Harris was elected Supervisor.
EVIDENCE OF PATRIOTISM.
The attachment of the people of San Luis Obispo to the Union in its period of terrible struggle for existence was manifested by the large vote for the support of the administration and the war. Particularly was this spirit manifested by the native Californians, not only in San Luis Obispo, but in all the southern coast counties, who volunteered in the army, and a cavalry battalion of native troops was organized, under command of Major José Pico, and performed gallant service in the field. This battalion was enlisted with the expectation that it would be called to serve in the East, where great battles were fought, but instead it was divided up and the companies detailed for equally arduous, but less glorious, service on the frontiers. The Californians were distinguished for their superior horsemanship, and as a cavalry battalion would undoubtedly have won honor had the opportunity been given them to appear in the active scenes of the great war.
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POLITICAL HISTORY CONTINUED.
CHAPTER XVIII. POLITICAL HISTORY CONTINUED.
Campaign of 1865-Death of Lincoln-Election in 1865-Judicial Election-The Legislature-Registry Law-Campaign of 1867 -Political Changes-Meeting of Conventions-Election Sep- tember, 1867-Election in October-The Legislature-Casserly Senator-Presidential Campaign of 1868-Republican Vic- tory-Contested Election-Campaign of 1869-Negro Suffrage The Election-Pacheco's Election Contested-The Legislature -Judicial Election 1869-Campaign of 1871-The Election -Judicial Election 1871-Pacheco Resigns as Senator-The Legislature- Sargent Senator-Campaign of 1872-Grant and Greeley-The Election-Campaign of 1873-County Conven- tions-Election 1873-Judicial Election-The Legislature- Senators Elected-Murray Appointed District Judge -- Pablo de la Guerra-Laws Passed-Campaign of 1875-Complicated Parties-The Election-Death of Judge Murray-Judicial Election 1875 -- Election of Supervisors -- Campaign of 1876 -- l'he Election.
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