USA > California > Sonoma County > History of Sonoma County : including its geology, topography, mountains, valleys, and streams > Part 20
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Topography .- The topography of this township is as varied as that of any other in the county, but the changes are not so striking and prominent as in some others. In the southern portion of it the hills are not very high nor steep, and are mostly all under a high state of cultivation. The valleys, such as Big and Blucher valleys and others, are broad and fertile. Farther to the northward the dividing lines run in the opposite direction, from north to south. Of this portion the western part of it is hilly and even mountainous, while the eastern part is a vast level plain. It is so level that the old Mexican grant was called "Llano de Santa Rosa "-the " Plains of Santa Rosa."
Soil .- The soil of almost the entire township is a sandy loam. There is no adobe in it, but there is some clay along the western sides. It is all very fertile and productive. This is especially so in the valleys. It is probable that there are no richer valleys in the State than those lying in this township.
Products .- The principal product of this township and the principal export is potatoes. On every hand there are annually planted large and extensive fields of this vegetable, and the wonder is continually arising in the mind of a stranger, what can they do with all their potatoes. But these being of good quality find ready sale in the market, even when other varieties are scarcely saleable at all. All the cereals thrive well in all the farming sections of the township. Fruits and vegetables do extraordinarily
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well. Enormous quantities of fruits are grown here every year, also large quantities of grapes. The business of dairying is prosecuted quite exten- sively also, in all parts of the township. Taken altogether, it has probably as great a proportion of arable and productive land in it as any other in the county.
Climate .- The climate of this township, especially the northern end of it, is far different from that of the coast townships. The range of mountains, lying along its western border breaks the fury of the ocean blast which sweeps up from the sea in a gale every afternoon during the summer season. The redwood forests on its crest also aid materially in effecting this change of climate by absorbing and condensing the fogs with which the wind is laden. It is a well known fact that the leaves of the redwoods have the peculiar power of condensing the fog to such an extent that the ground around their roots is kept very moist. In fact, they have the capacity of self-irrigation. All this serves to make the climate of Analy township the most delightful and salubrious, being tempered by the sea breeze, shorn of its fury and its pernicious fogs.
Early Settlement .- There is no doubt but that to Joaquin Carrillo belongs the honor of being the first settler in Analy township. He located and applied for a grant to the "Llano de Santa Rosa " rancho as early as 1844. In 1846 he built an adobe house on the western end of the rancho, within the present limits of the township, and near the present site of the town of Sebastopol. This was doubtless the first house ever built in the township. The remains of it are still standing. The tidal wave of American emigration did not seem to strike this township until 1850. During that year quite a number of families settled in the northern end of it in what is now known as Green valley. Among those who settled there during that year may be mentioned J. M. Hudspeth, P .¿ McChristian, and Judge Josiah Morin. Farther south, in the neighborhood of the present site of Sebastopol, Otis Allen, James Delaney, M. Gillian, James M. Miller, John Walker, and Orlando Sowers settled also in 1850, while W. D. Canfield was the only settler in that year in what is known as Blucher valley. It was not until the next year that any one made any permanent settlement in Big valley, in the extreme south end of the township. The very first man to pitch his tent upon a elaim in that valley was Wm. Abels. He was a man of family, and he and his estimable wife are still in the enjoyment of fine health, and are residents of Santa Clara county. Their children and grandchildren are living in different parts of the State, and point to the fact of first settlement in this section by their hardy ancestors with a just degree of pride. During the same year Elliot Coffer, Henry Hall, Wm Nutting, Robert Bailey, Geo. Woodson, G. W. Wolf, Edward F. Thurber, Mr. Larkin, W. P. Henshaw, L. D. Cockrill, Jacob McReynolds, Mr. Turtelot and Mr. MeAllen came into this valley and settled. Nearly if not quite all of these men were unmarried,
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however, and did not prove to be permanent settlers. Of these we are unable to find any trace at present, except Mr. Thurber, who is now a well-to-do fruit-raiser in Pleasant valley, Solano county. There settled in Blucher valley during 1851, Martin Reed, Dr. W. G. Lee, John White, Samuel Powers, Thos. Miller, Gideon Miller, John Rice, Geo. Campbell, and W. Easeley. We are unable to discover the names of any who settled in the vicinity of Sebas- topol that year, but in Green valley we find that Jas. Greyson, John Marshall, Henry Marshall, Major Isaac Sullivan, and Mitchell Gilham became permanent settlers during 1851. Some time during this year Major Sullivan and Miss Polly Gilham linked their destinies together in the silken bonds of marriage. This was probably the pioneer marriage in the township, and a right royal jolly time was had at the wedding. In 1852, A. Stark, Robert Gordon, Wm. Jones, Wm. H. White, and a great many others came into Big valley ; in fact, all the land was taken up during that year. Robert. Gordon, Wm. Jones and Wm. H. White, however, are the only ones who are at present residing in the valley who came in that year. During that year, A. T. Davidson, S. J. Smith, and D. Woodworth settled near Sebastopol. During this and the next year or two the settlement of the township was very rapid. The settlers of those early days were very migratory in their habits, and but few of them remained more than a year or two. The title to the land was not very good, and many of them were merely squatters, so that when ordered off they had to go. In Blucher valley the only original settler there now is W. D. Canfield. He and his wife have remained there alnost thirty years. They were pioneers in the fullest extent of the word, and they had seen the rough side of that kind of life for many years, enduring all manner of hardships, even to passing through an Indian massacre, he barely escaping to the woods with his life, having an Indian bullet in his body, which he carries there to this day, and she and her children being captives among a hostile tribe of savages. A full and thrillingly interesting sketch of Mr. Canfield's pioneer experiences will be found in his biography on another page of this work. In 1852 a postoffice was established at Miller & Walker's store, then located about one mile south of where Sebastopol now stands. The commission was issued February 20th, and James M. Miller was the Postmaster. The name of the office was Bodega, and it supplied all the sec- tion of the county lying west and north-west as far as the Valhalla river.
Schools .- The educational interests are well maintained in this township. There are in all ten school districts in it, as follows : Redwood, Green Valley, Oak Grove, Canfield, Mt. Vernon, Spring Hill, American Valley, Bloomfield, and Pleasant Hill. All the school buildings are neat, well furnished, and kept in excellent repair. A splendid corps of teachers are constantly employed, and the prospect is certainly bright for the educational advantages of the on-coming generations.
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BLOOMFIELD .- Bloomfield is situated at the head of Big valley, or the valley of the Estero Americano, on the Rancho Cañada de Pogolome, and was named in honor of the owner of that grant, F. G. Blume. The first house was built in the town by Wm. Zellhardt, in 1853. He soon afterwards built a blacksmith shop. L. D. Cockrill built the next house here, also in 1853. In 1854 a man by the name of Horace Lamb opened a store, using a part of Mr. Cockrill's house for the purpose. During the year, however, he erected a building of his own and occupied it. Two years later, July 12, 1856, a postoffice was established at this point, with Horace Lamb as post- master. During this year also the town was laid out, C. and J. Hoag owinng the western part of the site and Isaac Kuffel the eastern portion. From this time on the town flourished as well as could be expected under the cir- cumstances. It was an inland trading point, with no direct communication with San Francisco for a number of years. Stores, hotels, blacksmith shops, churches, schools, etc., were established. The cemetery, which is situated to the westward of the town, and on an eminence commanding a beautiful view of the town and adjacent country, was laid out in 1860. The first person buried in it was Mrs. Stephen C. Fowler, daughter of L. D. Cockrill. The business interests of the town are represented as follows : One flour mill, two hotels, three blacksmith shops, two wagon shops, one paint shop, two general stores, one saloon, one meat market, one livery stable, one harness shop, one shoe shop, one millinery store, one tin shop, one lawyer, and no doctor. The official directory is at present as follows: Justice of the Peace, L. D. Cockrill; Notary Public, C. C. Farnsworth, who is also Postmaster; Telegraph and Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Agent, C. Stewart. Communication is had with the outside world by the North Pacific Coast telegraph, also by United States and Wells, Fargo & Co.'s mails. A stage passes each way daily, connecting with the North Pacific Railroad at Petaluma, and with the North Pacific Coast Railroad at Valley Ford. The population of the town is about two hundred and fifty, and is situated in the heart of as fine and productive a section of farming land as there is in California. The town will never be much larger than it is now, however, as communication with the city is too remote. A full history of the lodges, churches, schools, and industries of the town will be given below, to which we refer the reader.
Bloomfield Flour Mill .- This mill is at present owned by W. C. Purcival, who came into possession of it in May, 1873. The gentleman who erected it had the misfortune to meet with an accident during its construction by which he lost his life. The building is eighty by one hundred feet, and two stories high. It has three run of burrs, and a capacity of thirty-five barrels of flour and twenty-five tons of barley a day. It is run with steam, and new boilers and machinery have lately been put in, so that it is now a first class mill in every respect. The flour made here is very good indeed, com- manding a ready sale at the best market prices. The mill is run about nine
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months in a year, and affords a ready market for all the grain grown in that section.
Valley Ford Lodge, I. O. O. F .- Valley Ford Lodge No. 191, I. O. O. F., was organized September 7, 1869, at Valley Ford ; hence the name. Its charter members were William Hamilton, A. S. Perrine, A. C. Wood, S. N. Hudson, Edward Hare, and William Withrow. The first officers were :-- William Hamilton, N. G .; William Withrow, V. G .; S. N. Hudson, Secretary, and Edward Hare, Treasurer. The following gentlemen have had the honor of being N. Gs .: William Hamilton, William Withrow, Edward Hare, T. M. Johnson, J. T. Mitchell, John Appleton, O. H. Hoag, W. N. Wakefield, B. F. Hickleman, Bruce T. Cockrill, O. M. Le Febvre, Peter Eastman, G. W. Knapp, H. C. Crowder, and C. H. Knapp. The Lodge was moved to Bloom- field March 9, 1875. Its present membership is fifty-six, and it is in a most flourishing condition. During the past year it has erected a building at a cost of three thousand dollars, the lower story of which is used for mercantile purposes, while in the upper one there is an elegantly furnished lodge-room
Bloomfield Encampment .- Bloomfield Encampment No. 61, I. O. O. F., was organized Jan. 10, 1877, with the following charter members: H. C. Crowder, B. F. Hickleman, Bruce T. Cockrill, S. H. Manzy, Valentine Wil- son, O. M. LeFebvre, A. H. Knapp. G. W. Knapp and Chas. Hoag. The fol- lowing gentlemen have held the position of C. P .: H. C. Crowder, Bruce T. Cockrill, G. W. Knapp, Valentine Wilson and A. Little. The present membership is twenty-four.
Vitruvious Lodge, F. and A. M .- Vitruvious Lodge No. 145, F. and A. M. was instituted under dispensation May 31, 1860. The charter members were as follows: T. G. Cockrill, R. Dickens, J. M. Hinman, S. Honisgsberger, I. Kuffel, D. Markel, J. R. Ross, J. W. Zuver. The officers U. D. were J. M. Hinman, W. M .; D. Markel, S. W .; I. Kuffel, J. W .; and T. G. Cockrill, Sec'y. The charter was granted June 7, 1861, and the first officers under charter were: D. Markel, W. M .; I. Kuffel, S. W .; C. R. Arthur, J. W .; R. Dickens, Treas, and T. G. Cockrill, Sec'y. The following named gentlemen have filled the W. M's. chair: J. M. Hinman, ( U. D. ); D. Markel, C. R. Arthur, T. G. Cockrill, N. R. Shaw, W. G. Lee, C. White, J. S. Oliver W. C. Purcival, and W. W. White. The present membership is fifty, and the lodge is in a very flourishing condition. They have a nicely furnished lodge-room, and the stranger entering their cosily furnished hall cannot but exclaim, " Behold how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together. "
Bloomfield Lodge, I. O. G. T .- Bloomfield Lodge No. 256, I. O. G. T., was organized August 19, 1878. Following is the list of charter members: W. H. Haskins, James Hoag, C. C. Farnsworth, D. L. Knapp, Ada Haskins, Louis McReynolds, Albert Crose, Horace Lamb, Edward McReynolds, Liz-
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zie Gregory, Ida M. Haskins, Chas. McReynolds, Carrol Jones, John McAllister Emil Baker, A. E. Kellogg, W. W. Parks, Sarah Stone, Ernestine Walker, Anna Crose, E. M. Sharon, Maggie Sharon, Clara Farnsworth, Mary Jones, Alice Pharis, Clarence Wilson, Frank Lamb, Thomas Gregory, E. L. McRey- nolds. The following have filled the position of W. C. T: W. H. Haskins A. E. Kellogg, Thomas Gregory, P. C. Smith and William Talbot. The present membership is forty-one, and the Lodge is in a very flourishing condition.
Bloomfield School .- The first school in this section was taught in what was known as the Big Valley school district. The school-house was situated about one mile east of the present site of Bloomfield. The first school ever taught in the town was under the charge of James Harlow, and was in the M. E. church building. The present large and commodious building was erected in 1866. It is two-stories high, and is amply large for all the require- ments of the town. There are two teachers employed, and, of course, two grades in the school. There is a good library of over two hundred volumes attached to the school. Among those who have taught there in days gone by may be mentioned : A. H. Hall, James Radcliffe, T. H. Hopkins, A. H. Pratt, J. H. Wilmer, T. C. Powers, E. D. Roberts, and others.
Churches .- We are sorry to say that we were able to gather but little his- torical information concerning the churches in this place. In the first place, some years ago the records of the M. E. church were stolen, and the Advent church has moved to Stony Point, while the headquarters of the Presby- terian church are at Valley Ford. However, we will say that all these organizations have very comfortable churches at this place, and that they are all well supplied with services. A gentleman known as Father Walker organized the M. E. church at this place in 1857. He was the pioneer minis- ter of this county.
SEBASTOPOL .- This is a beautiful little hamlet lying near the foothills, on the west side of the Santa Rosa valley. As has been stated above, to Joa- quin Carrillo belongs the honor of being the first settler in this section of the township, coming here as early as 1846. It seems that James M. Miller and John Walker followed him, coming as early as 1850. They erected a build- ing and opened a store about one mile south of the site of the present town. In this store was a postoffice, and it seemed that if a town ever sprang up in that section it would be near it. But in 1855, J. H. P. Morris, a man of enterprise and energy, entered a tract of Government land, consisting of one hundred and twenty acres, north of the store site. Mr. Morris came to Sonoma in 1853, and was in business for a while at the Miller & Walker store. After locating his claim upon this tract of land, he moved a building, which he procured of Miller & Walker, to his claim, in which he opened out a grocery store and saloon combined. That same year he deeded to John
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Dougherty a lot, upon the conditions that he should put a store upon it. This was complied with. Mr. Morris called the embryotic town Pine Grove, a very appropriate name indeed, as it is surrounded with a perfect nursery of young pine trees. We are informed by Mr. R. A. Thompson that its present formidable name of Sebastopol originated in this way: A man named Jeff. Stevens and a man named Hibbs had a fight; Hibbs made a quick retreat to Dougherty's store, with Stevens in hot pursuit. Dougherty stopped Ste- vens, and forbade him to come upon his premises. The Crimean war was raging at that time, and the Allies were besieging Sebastopol, which it was thought they would not be able to capture. The Pine Grove boys, who were always keen to see a fight-chagrined at the result-cried out that Dough- erty's store was Hibbs' Sebastopol, and from this incident the town event- ually took its name. As stated above, Dougherty opened the second business place in the town. George H. Jacobs began the business of blacksmithing and wagon-making next. Marion Howe was his wagon-maker. Captain . Auser then erected a hotel building on the present site of the Wilson Exchange. Other business and dwelling-places followed in rapid succession, until the town has now probably three hundred inhabitants. It has a daily stage connecting with the railroad at Santa Rosa, which carries both the United States and Wells, Fargo & Co.'s mail. The business interests of the town are distributed as follows: Three stores, one hotel, one blacksmith shop; one shoe shop, one saloon, one livery stable, one meat market, three physicians, of whom one is a lady. There is a fine graded school here, employing two teachers. The official directory is as follows : Justice of the Peace, B. B. Berry; Constables, W. J. Hunt and D. M. Kelly ; Postmaster, J. Dougherty ; Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Agents, Milton & Andrews. Sketches of its lodges, churches, etc., will be found below.
Lafayette Lodge, F. & A. M .- Lafayette Lodge No. 126, F. & A. M., was organized under dispensation January 8, 1858. At the time of its organiza- tion and until August 25, 1860, the lodge convened at a place known as Pleasant Hill, some two and one-half miles south of Sebastopol. Since the last named date its communications have been held in Sebastopol, where they have a very nice lodge-room over the Presbyterian church. The charter members were Wm. G. Lee, Jacob Fouts, Losson Ross, Benj. S. Burns, Wm. Henry, John Ryan, R. Dickens, Andrew Fife, Wm. Ely, J. H. P. Morris, and Win. L. Taber. The charter was granted May 13, 1858. The first officers were: Wm. G. Lee, W. M .; Jacob Fouts, S. W .; Losson Ross, J. W .; Win. Henry, Treasurer; and R. Dickens, Secretary. The present officers are T. G. Wilton, W. M .; W. R. Elliott, S. W .; L. Ross, J. W .; B. B. Allen, Treasurer; J. H. P. Morris, Secretary. The W. M's. of the lodge have been as follows: W. G. Lee, Wmn. L. Taber, E. D. Harris, J. M. McGuire, James Gannon, Smithfield Ballord, B. F. Branscom, and Thos. G. Wilton. The present membership is fifty-five, and on the increase.
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yours Truly Glo ball
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HISTORY OF SONOMA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
Evergreen Lodge, I. O. O. F .- Evergreen Lodge No. 161, I. O. O. F., was instituted July 12, 1869, with the following charter members: B. B. Berry, W. P. Berry, Wm. Wilson, John K. Smith, M. Edwards, Mathew A. Wil- liams, and James Burnett. The first officers were W. P. Berry, N. G .; Wm. Wilson, V. G .; M. Edwards, Treasurer; and B. B. Berry, Secretary. The following named members have filled the N. G's. chair: W. P. Berry, Wm. Wilson, J. K. Smith, H. J. Smith, A. Crawford, M. Getz, Robt. Ross, J. Fix, A. J. Peterson, L. W. Olmstead, A. S. Nickols, H. E. Manefee, T. G. Wilton, W. W. Peatross, R. G. Meeks, D. Seeley. Chas. Solomon, M. V. Morin, L. B. Berry and J. S. Jones. The present officers are J. S. Jones, N. G .; Victor Piezzi, V. G .; A. Crawford, Treas .; and B. B. Berry, Secretary. The present membership is fifty-tive. The lodge is in a very flourishing condition, and its meetings are well attended. They have a very cosy and well furnished lodge-room.
Sebastopol Rebecca Degree Lodge .- This Lodge, No. 44, was organized June 20, 1878. The charter members were as follows: B. B. Berry, G. H. Stowell, Chas. Solomon. S. B. Berry, W. F. Elliott, M. V. Morin, M. H. Chen- oworth, J. H. Berry, A. Crawford, V. Piezzi, T. G. Wilton, J. M. Dockham, D. Seeley, and J. S. Jones. Mesdames Elizabeth Berry, E. A. Stowell, Sarah A. Solomon, L. J. Berry, Jane M. Elliott, M. Donner, Emma G. Wilson, Minerva A. Berry, Mary L. Crawford, Luella Piezzi and Harmonia Jones. The first officers were T. G. Wilton, N. G .; Jane M. Elliott, V. G .; Mary L. Crawford, Treas., and B. B. Berry, Sec'y. The N. Gs. have been: T. G. Wilton, B. B. Berry, and Mrs. Harmonia Jones. The present officers are: Mrs. Harmonia Jones, N. G .; Mrs. Emma G. Wilson, V. G .; Mrs. Mary L. Craw- ford, Treas., and V. Piezzi, Secretary.
Cumberland Presbyterian Church .- The Sebastopol Cumberland Presby- terian church was organized October 2, 1851. It was known until Septem ber, 1876, by the name of the Bodega Cumberland Presbyterian church, at which time the name was changed to Sebastopol. The organizing members were Rev. J. M. Cameron, Mrs. Mary Cameron, C. Kavanagh, William M. Reed, L. Clyman, Mrs. Harriet Morin, Mrs. Nancy Hudspeth, J. C. Thomp- son and J. M. Reed. The following pastors have served this charge: Revs. J. M. Cameron, J. M. Small, J. J. May, E. C. Latty, J. G. Johnson, and others from time to time but not as a stated supply. The present membership is thirty-five. The first church building erected by this society was built in 1860, and was situated about two miles west of Sebastopol. The present building located in Sebastopol was erected in 1871; it is a fine large building and affords ample room for its congregation. There is a good Sabbath School connected with it.
Methodist Episcopal Church .- This body has a neat building at this place; services are held semi-monthly; we are unable to give any particular facts
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HISTORY OF SONOMA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
concerning it. It is more difficult to gather statistical information concerning churches than any other society, for their records are generally kept with less care.
Sebastopol Lodge, I. O. G T .- This Lodge, No. 167, was organized January 21, 1879. The following names appear upon the charter: J. H. P. Morris, Fannie Wadsworth, Emma Berry, Mary Hulbert, Ira Manville, C. S. Berry, Lizzie Berry, W. T. Cromwell, Rebecca Cromwell, Hannah Thompson, Lou Berry, R. Ewing, C. Bonham, H. Hulbert, Geo. S. Briggs, B. B. Berry, Elizabeth Berry, Julia Hulbert, Grace Wadsworth, L. B. Bonhanı, J. T. Bonham Jas. B. Bonham, H. M. Grayson, H. P. Hulbert, Mary B. Hulbert, Wm. Marshall, D.M. Kelly, Bertha Greyland, George L. Allen, Thomas Hale, Hattie Ross, Emma Lee, Alice Crawford, Emma Hensley, and Clara Hensley. The lodge has a degree temple connected with it, and an increasing interest in the cause is manifest on all sides.
FORRESTVILLE .- This is a little village situated near the extreme north end of this township, in what is known as Green valley. It is on the border of the redwood belt, and its inhabitants are mostly wood-choppers and lumbermen. The Guerneville branch of the North Pacific Railroad passes near by, affording ready communication with San Francisco. It is said that the town derived its name from its founder, and first settler, A. J. Forrester. There is a good public school in the town, an M. E. church, and an Advent church near by. The busi- ness interests are represented by one general store, one blacksmith shop, one saloon, one hotel, one meat market, etc. etc. The Rustic-chair Factory is located here. In Mr. Thompson's history we find the following concern- ing this industry : "Over twenty-four years ago Major Isaac Sullivan, in Green valley, made the first rustic chairs and sold them at five dollars a piece; some of these chairs are in use to this day. The factory for the manufacture of these chairs as a specialty was started by S. Faudre, on Russian river, three miles from Forrestville. Here he continued business for five or six years, selling the chairs from two to three dollars each. He then moved the factory to Forrestville, where it has remained ever since. Faudre made here about thirty thousand chairs. He sold out to S. P. Nowlin, who ran it at a lively rate for the next six years, making and selling over sixty thousand chairs during that time. He then disposed of the business to John Hamlett, who is making and selling about twelve thousand chairs per annum.
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