History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. I, Part 111

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 700

USA > Massachusetts > History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. I > Part 111

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King William's War .- The French-and-Indian or King William's war, 1688 to 1698, did not materially affect the inhabitants of Hadley. They had repaired their fortifica- tions, and were not molested by the marauding bands of In- dians .; These again caused the abandonment of Northfield in the spring of 1600, when Hadley became once more the frontier town on the east side of the Connecticut. While themselves exempt from assault, the good people of Hadley did not withhold the helping hand from their suffering neigh- bors at Northfield, Deerfield, Hatfield, and Brookfield. John Lawrence, of Brookfield, after the serious affair at that place, July 27, 1693, in which several were killed and others, includ- ing his brother Thomas and the wife of Joseph Mason, taken captive, hastened to Springfield for assistance. A company, in which were Hadley men, at once set out in pursuit of the Indians, and succeeded in rescuing the prisoners. They also " brought away 9 guns, 20 hatchets, 4 cutlasses, 16 or 18 horns of powder, and 2 barks full of powder, neatly covered." John Lawrence had previously resided in Hadley, and from him " Lawrence's Bridge" and " Lawrence's Plain" were named.

Queen Anne's War, 1703 to 1713, is memorable for the attack on the unhappy village of Deerfield, on the 29th of February, 1704, by a large body of French and Indians under Maj. Ilertel de Rouville. The town was nearly destroyed. Fire and sword and tomahawk achieved a melancholy suc- cess. The news quickly spread, and a force was rallied for the pursuit, resulting in a sharp skirmish at a place called Petty's Plain. Fourteen residents of Hadley were in this fight, as follows : Sergt. Saml. Boltwood and his son Robert, Jonathan Ingram and Nathaniel Warner, Jr., all killed ; Samuel Boltwood, Jr., wounded in the arm; Benj. Church, wounded in the foot ; John Montague, Jr., Ebenezer Selden, Nathaniel White, Jr., Thomas Hovey, Joseph Smith, Jr., Samuel Crowfoot, John Marsh. Besides these were Thomas Selden, who was slain in the town, and Joseph Eastman, who was made prisoner, both of Hadley.

After this calamity a strong force was sent to the river- towns, including Hadley, provided with snow-shoes for a winter campaign.

The Northern Campaigns were strongly supported by the people of Hampshire, 1754 to 1760, and the town of Hadley furnished many soldiers during their continuance.

In the Crown Point expedition of 1755, among the officers under Col. Ephraim Williams, was Capt. Moses l'orter,¿ of

Hadley, great-grandson of Samuel Porter, a first settler. On the 8th of September, when the English army, under Gen. Johnson, had reached Lake George, that officer, wishing to intercept the French and Indians, who had threatened Fort Edward, despatched Col. Williams, with 1000 men and 200 Mohawk Indians, for the purpose. Instead of attacking the fort, the forces of Dieskau had marched on to meet the Eng- lish, under Johnson, and were but a few miles distant. Col. Williams' movement had been discovered, and an ambuscade prepared, into which he unwittingly marched his troops. In the bloody conflict that ensued the English loss was severe, and among those who fell were Capt. Porter, Ensign Wait, and llenry Bartlett, of Hadley.

The following were in the service from Hadley, at or near the times indicated : Capt. Moses Porter, 1755, slain Septem- ber 8th; Ensign Joshua Ballard, 1755, lieutenant, 1759; pri- vates, 1755, John Clark and William Clark,-sons of John, Sr.,-Hezekiah Hubbard, Eliakim Smith, Benjamin Knights, Joseph Alexander, Henry Bartlett, slain, Nathaniel Church, Jr., John Eastman; 1756, William White, Elisha Smith, Joseph Wright, Jabez Cook, John Clark, Sr., Azariah Selden, Samuel McNeill, Josiah Smith; 1757, John White, Jr., Matthias Kelsey, John Brooks; 1758, Aaron Cook, John Bartlett, died, David Crosby, died, Edmund Hubbard, Eben- ezer Stearnes, died, Daniel White, Stephen Coats, Timotby Nash, Thomas Selden ; 1759, Robert Emmons, James Mea- cham, Samuel Catlin, Jr., John Mills, Samuel Cook, Caleb Lyman, Benjamin Smith (2d), Elisha Smith (2d), Timothy Church, Richard Church, Jr. ; 1760, Cotton Gaylord, Oliver Bartlett, Nathaniel Fox, Warham Smith, Jonathan Jones, died, Oliver Thomas ; 1761, Ephraim Wheeler, Aaron Cleave- land ; 1762, William Farrand.

The alarm occasioned by the massacre at Fort William Henry, in August, 1757, and by other causes, aroused the militia of the colony, and among those who marched forth from Hadley, to do service to the westward, were Capt. Moses Marsh, Ensign Eleazer Porter, Sergts. Elisha Cook, Jonathan Cook, and Josiah Dickinson, one corporal, and thirty-eight privates. They were out twelve days.

MILITIA.

The militia of Hadley were organized about the year 1661. In May of that year steps were taken to secure a drum and a stand of colors, and for holding a " training on the 16th inst." The officers of the train-band, in 1663, were Samuel Smith, Lieutenant ; John Russell, Sr., Clerk ; Richard Good- man, John Dickinson, and Joseph Kellogg, Sergeants; Aaron Cooke, Jr., Ensign-bearer. Smith and Cooke served in their respective positions about fifteen years, when the former, at eighty years of age, was relieved. The band was reorganized with Aaron Cooke, Jr., as Captain ; Philip Smith, Lieutenant ; and Joseph Kellogg, Ensign. Cooke served as captain for thirty-five years, to the age of seventy-three. Kellogg became lieutenant, and Timothy Nash ensign, in 1679, and the latter lieutenant, with Chileab Smith for ensign, in 1692, or near that time. The colors, with staff, tassel, and top, were purchased of Mr. Pynchon, and cost £5.

Horsemen .- The " troope" of cavalry for Hampshire was

* The event upon which the whole story is founded is explicitly stated by Gov. Hutchinson to be that of Sept. I, 1675. It is difficult to see by what authority subsequent writers have adopted a different date in order to secure a sufficient basis for the story they had to tell,-viz., the attack of June 12th.

The east palisade was replaced in 1690. In March, 1691, the inhabitants voted to "repair the "old garrison-houses and the east fortification, and to con- tinue sconting in the woods."

# Mr. Judd gives the names of William Boltwood, son of Sergt. Samuel Bolt- wood, of Hladley, among those who had been in Canada during this war. IIe " died below Quebec, Aug. 27, 1714, on his return. He had been a captive, or per- haps an aid in recovering captives."

¿ Mr. Judd makes the following note: " The late Lieut. Enos Smith, of Had- ley, informed me that he saw Capt. Porter when he left Hadley for Albany, in the spring of 1755. His military dress appeared to Smith, then nine or ten years old, very rich and showy. Capt. Porter was slain by the Indians, and his

dress hecame their prey. Ile left a wife, a daughter (who married Charles Phelps, Esq.), and a good estate, He had recently erectedl a handsome honse, about two miles north of the village, on 'Forty Acres,' so called, and he owned about 300 acres in and near Forty-Acre Field and on Mount Warner. His house and barn were raised May 27, 1752, and he and his family removed to this place Dec. 5, 1752. This house, built one hundred and seven years since, is occupied by Rev. Dan Huntington, who married the daughter of Charles Phelps, and it is still a convenient mansion of respectable appearance. Charles put on the pres- ent mansard or gambrel roof, and made other alterations. Hle added to Cant. Porter's farm until he had about 600 acres. This farm was noticed by President Dwight, and he declared this estate to be 'the most desirable possession of the same kind and extent within my knowledge.' Mr. Phelps gave it to his son, the late Charles P. P'helps, Esq., and to his daughter, the late Elizabeth W. Huntington.11

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HISTORY OF THE CONNECTICUT VALLEY.

formed in March, 1663, with John Pynchon, of Springfield, as Captain ; David Wilton, of Northampton, Lieutenant ; Wil- liam Allis, of Hadley, Cornet ; and Henry Woodward, of Northampton, and George Colton, of Springfield, Quarter- masters. The Hadley troopers were Mr. Henry Clark, Wil- liam Lewis, Thomas Coleman, Nathaniel Dickinson, Sr., Thomas Dickinson, Philip Smith, Andrew Warner, Samuel Billing, John Coleman, William Allis; the last three from the west of the river. This number, 10, increased to 14 in 1669, but dwindled to 7 in 1674. Philip Smith became Lieu- tenant in 1678; Samuel Partrigg, Quartermaster, in 1683; and Nehemiah Dickinson, Cornet, in 1685 .*

Militia in 1775 .- The following contains the " names of effective men in the militia :" Elisha Porter, Captain ; Oliver Smith, First Lieutenant; Eliakim Smith, Second Lieutenant ; Caleb Lyman, Ensign ; Francis Newton, Warham Smith, Isaac Winter, James Meacham, Robert Crawford, John Mon- tague, Maj. E. Porter, Ens. E. Hubbard, Mr. Moses Hubbard, Obed Thurston, Jobn Elwell, Mr. Hopkins, Samuel Gaylord, Jr., Elihu Diekinson, Ens. E. Cooke, Capt. Moses Marsh, Daniel Marsb, William Marsh, Daniel Marsh, Jr., Ebenezer White, Deacon Eastman, Joseph Peck, Mr. Phineas Lyman, Lieut. Jonathan Cooke, Edward Gay, Mr. Jonathan Warner, Adjt. Noadiah Warner, Peter Montague, Thomas Gaylord, Stephen Goodman, Lieut. Joshua Ballard, John Davis, Maj. I. C. Williams, Timothy Eastman, Elisha Dickinson, Lemuel Warner, John Smith, Mr. Jonathan Smith, Seth Smith, Perez Smith, Ebenezer Marsh, Mr. Oliver Warner, Mr. Paul Whit- ney, William Jones, Orange Warner, Elihu Warner, Aaron Cooke, Jabez Cooke, John Cooke, Joel Kellogg, Oliver Shed, Jonathan Ingram, Elijah Zebman (or Goodman), Noah Smith, David Smith, Moses Cooke, Giles White, Noah Cooke, Wind- sor Smith, Thomas Smith, Nehemiah Gaylord, Gardner Kel- logg, Benjamin Bukman, Whiting Kellogg, Dr. Giles C. Kellogg, Robert Cooke, Josiah Peirce, Jr., Samuel Peirce, Benjamin Eddy, Oliver White, Gideon Warner, John Diek- inson, Dan West, John Smith (2d), Enos Smith, Gideon Smith, Timothy Stock well, Joseph Wright, Nathaniel White, Daniel Worthington, Nathaniel Ilerriman, Reuben Coates, Charles Coates, Ebenezer Pomroy, Jr., Israel Lyman, David Wells, Joseph Alexander, Jr., Mr. Charles Phelps, Samuel Snell, Benjamin Smith (2d), Joshua Burt, Samuel Dean, Ne- hemiah Gaylord, Jr., Simeon Elwell, Josiah Nash, Nicholas Bartlett, Seth Cooke, John Clarke, Joseph Blanchard, Wind- sor Smith, Jr., Oliver Ilastings, Josiah Cooke, Azariah Diek- inson, Silas Farr, privates,-making 108 of the militia.

Minute-Men .- The following marched on the Lexington alarm in the company of Capt. Ilezekiah Hubbard.t The command of the company within a short time devolved upon Capt. Eliakim Smith, who was promoted from a second lieuten- aney in the Hadley militia : Ilezekiah Hubbard, Captain ; Moses Kellogg, Lieutenant ; Enos Nash, Sergeant; Perez Cooke, Daniel Dickinson, Josiah Goodrich, Nathaniel Montague, Stoughton Dickinson, Westward C. Wright, Carmi Wright, Elisha Cooke, Jr., Waitstill Cooke, Joseph Marsh, Samuel Marsh, Anderson Minor, Isaac Ely, Phineas Lyman, Jr.,

Joseph Smith, Jr., Joseph Church, William Cooke, Samuel Cooke, Timothy Cooke, Chileab Smith, John Montague, Jr., Francis Trayner, Daniel Bartlett, Daniel White, Samuel Sheldon, Oliver Bartlett, Timothy Hammond, Simon Baker, Colman Cooke, Caleb Williston, privates. This list is entitled " number and names of effective men of the Minute-Men."

The following were the effective men " in the artillery con- pany :" Thomas Waite Foster, Captain ; Samuel Cooke, Tim- othy Marsh, Moses Clark, David White, David Peirce, Wm. Peirce, Simeon Rood, Oliver White, Jr., Oliver Smith, John Brooks, Ethan Pomroy, Jabez Elwell, privates.

The following is a portion of a letter from Rev. Samuel Hopkins, D.D., to Col. Elisha Porter, then with the forces at Cambridge, dated May 14, 1775, soon after the death of Capt. Hubbard :

" May you (according to your desire) have wisdom to know your duty and bo enabled to perform it, and be yourself an example for others as a soldier and a Christian ! I yet hope in a good God that a settlel civil war may be averted. May the country omit notbing that may and onght yet to be done to prevent so dreadful a scene, of no benefit to us or the present state, but full of evil, and may be of ye most fatal and ruinous consequence to both ! 'Tis an evil and Judgment wh may continue still (and shall as long as I can have uny hope) most earnestly to deprecate. May God preserve you and others, particularly those that went from this town, my neighbors, and of the flock of my charge, in whatever dan- ger you are or may be in ! They and you have my prayers to God for this if it may consist with his will, otherwise to be prepared for whatever is before you. You and they can't be too sensible of your dependence on the Lord of Life and Great preserver of men, or too careful to be in his fear and to please God, and that you do not sin against him. Capt. Hubbard, you've heard, is gone. We are not secure from ye arrest of Death at home."

ANTE-REVOLUTIONARY MEASURES.

The inhabitants of Hadley were no less sensitive than their neighbors of the lower towns to the interference of the crown in the affairs of the colonies,-no less sensitive were they in regard to their civil than in what concerned their religious rights. All were ranged on the side of freedom as opposed to prerogative. The sending of commissioners by Charles JI. to manage or " regulate" affairs in New England, 1664, resulted in a conflict of jurisdiction between the king's representatives and those of the people. The latter were sustained by their constituents at Hadley in a long address or petition drawn up by Mr. Russell, wherein, amidst voluminous and involved ex- pressions evincing much faith in heavenly aid and final de- liveranee, are the following significant words : " The King of Heaven will give his poorest subject on earth leave to challenge resolutely his right, and not to let it go for frowns or threats. And why should we think that a just and gracious king on earth will not do in like manner ? We have right from God and man to choose our own governors, make and live under our own laws. Our liberty and privileges herein as men we prize and would hold as our lives; this makes us freemen and not slaves. . . . Nor is it our own portion only that we trade with in this case, but our children's stock also, even their advantages as men and Christians to serve the Lord and be accounted to him for a generation forevermore. . . . We with our prayers and endeavors, heads and hearts, and lands and estates and lives, will be with you and subject unto you." This petition is dated Iladley, April 25, 1665,¿ and was signed by 91 persons, of whom 28 lived west of the river.

A petition, in February, 1669, addressed to the General Court of Massachusetts, and signed by 92 persons, protested against the threatened enforcement of a recent order imposing duties on goods and merchandise, and on " horses, cattle, and grain imported after March, 1669." It was feared that the re- sult would be disastrous to the trade of Hadley with Conneeti- eut, which colony it was thought would, in retaliation, place a tax upon all produce sent down the river. In this petition the yearning for liberty again finds opportunity for expression : " Liberty, liberty of the subject and commons, being the

* " When this company met in one of our villages for exercise it was a day of excitement for the young, who heard the shrill trumpet, and admired the proud banner, the prancing steeds, and the gay appearance and quick motions of the men."-Judd's Hist. p. 227.

+ Capt. Hubbard was taken sick with fever before the company marched, and, after an illness of about a week, died May 1, 1775. His successor, Capt. Smith, died of a similar fever at Watertown, in the following August. Capt. Hubbard was married in 1760 to Mabel, daughter of Edmund Hubbard, and had several children, of whom Lucinda, the ellest, married William Jones, in 1780. Their won, John Hubbard Jones, married Hannah Warner, and had children, of whom George N. enlisted from Hadley, at the outbreak of the Rebellion, in the 37th Regiment. Ilis nephew, John Howard Jewett, enlisted in the Ioth Regiment. These two were the only male descendants of Capt. Hubbard, then in Hadley, who were capable of bearing arms. Through the courtesy of Miss Sarah L. Jones, a sister of George N., these lists are given. The originals, in the hand- writing of Col. Elisha Porter, are in her possession.

# The fugitive judges had then been guests of Mr. Russell more than six months, and their presence may have inspired the pen of the minister with a trifle more than its wonted vigor in its opposition to the king.

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HISTORY OF HAMPSHIRE COUNTY.

great thing we have made (and we trust in sincerity ) profes- sion of, the elogging and loading of trade, the freedom where- of is the advance of a people, will it not administer matter of discouragement, sinking discouragement, to our own people and be occasion of evil report among others, that we who have been an example of seeking liberty should become an example of taking it away from ourselves and others ?"

The same spirit, much intensified, was manifested amidst the excitements which preceded and accompanied the Revo- lution. May 29, 1772, the inhabitants of IHadley voted " that the representatives of this town be instructed, and they are hereby instructed, to use their utmost influence and power in the next session of the General Assembly, that our grievances may be made known to his Majesty, that the same may be redressed."

REVOLUTION.

The people of Hadley, so sensitive concerning their rights and jealous of their liberties, were not slow to act in any given emergency. The phrases of their patriotic resolves seem to have anticipated those of the " Immortal Declaration." The first important action of the town concerning the existing state of affairs is embodied in the following resolutions,# passed Jan. 3, 1774, at a meeting held at the school-house :

" Resolved, That it is the opinion of this town that the grievances we labor under are owing in a great measure to methods taken by persons among us, of an arbitrary turn of mind, to set the temper and behavior of the people of this province in an unfavorable light at Great Britain, and insinuating that there must be an abridgment of what are called English Liberties.

" Kesolred, That this town will use all such measures as shall appear to them consistent with their duty in order to obtain a redress of the grievances we feel, and to prevent, if possible, any further violations of our natural and constitu- tional rights, that our invaluable liberties, civil and religious, may ho enjoyed by us, and transmitted to posterity inviolate : always hoping, in the goodness of Divine Providence, that the machinations of designing persons to effect a change in our happy constitution will be rendered abortive from time to time to the latest generations.

" Resolred, That a standing committee of correspondence be appointed, con- sisting of five inhabitants of this town, to keep up and maintain a correspond ence with the committees of correspondence in otber towns within this provinco respecting this important concern."

Dr. Giles Crouch Kellogg, Phineas Lyman, Oliver Smith, Josiah Peirce, and Jonathan Warner were made a committee of correspondence, to which were afterward added Ebenezer Marsh, Capt. Moses Marsh, John Cooke, Benjamin Colt, Eliakim Smith, Edmund Hubbard, Warham Smith, and Noah Cooke.

Oct. 3, 1774, Josiah Peirce was chosen delegate to the Pro- vincial Congress at Concord " to concert such measures as may be adopted and executed by the whole people in this time of distress and danger."

At the same meeting it was " voted, that there shall be at powder-house built for the use of the town; to be made of brick, plastered within and without, round in compass, equal to eight feet square ; to be erected in the middle lane leading into the Great Meadow." Four half-barrels of powder were ordered then, and two more January 4th following.

The selectmen were " directed to make inquiry whether the great gun which did formerly belong to this town is the prop- erty of the town now," and 4s. per hundred weight were appro- priated to " bring the cannont from Williamstown to Hadley."

The following-named persons were made a committee of inspection : John Eastman, Oliver Smith, John Cooke, Charles Phelps, Noah Cooke, Caleb Lyman, Hezekiah Hubbard.

Jan. 30, 1776, a committee was appointed to provide for the manufacture of "Salt Peter," and May 30th the same year gave birth to the following :

" Voted, if the American Congress shoul.1, for the safety of the United Colo- nies, declare them independent of the Kingdom of Great Britain, we, the inhabi- tants of said Hadley, will engage, with our Lires and Fortunes, to support them in the measure."

* Reported by a committee, appointed at a previous meeting, consisting of Josiah Peirce, Moses Marslı, Jolin Chester Williams, Jonathan Cooke, Jonathan Waruer, John Eastman, and Phineas Lyman.

+ Jan. 5, 1780, they " voted to sell the cannon."

Assured that such decisive action on the part of Congress wonkl precipitate the conflict, the sturdy inhabitants, on the 17th of June, voted for more gunpowder.

The town records and papers contain no list from which the names of Hadley's Revolutionary heroes can be obtained. The numerous votes indicate generous contributions of men and means. The following are examples: May 13, 1778, "voted, that the six men now required of this town, and those who have and those who shall engage for the Conti- mental army, be allowed £40. June 15th, "voted, that the militiamen who marched upon the alarms in July, August, and September, 1777, shall have credit at the rate of three months for one." June 16th, " that those who went to Ticon- deroga in 1777 have credit at the rate of three months for two," and that " ten men who were raised last fall (1777) and marched to the northward under Capt. Samuel Cooke, and were in the service three months, shall have credit at the rate of four months for three." July 26, 1779, Capt. Oliver Smith, Capt. Moses Marsh, Nehemiah Gaylord, Nehemiah Gaylord, Jr., Josiah Nash, and Daniel Bartlett were allowed for une weck each on the war service list. May 11, 1780, a committee reported as still due the nine months' men £4356 over and above what had been paid. July 3d, to secure sixteen three months' men a previous bounty of £50 was increased to £150, besides a monthly pay of £3, " in silver or gold, or 40s. per month in grane."# July 10th it was voted to purchase five horses for the army.

Jan. 9, 1781, they voted £60 hard money should be given for three years' service,-£20 annually,-and that 1000 paper dollars should be paid to each man, on his passing muster, to be reckoned at one penny each, as part of the first year's pay- ment. Twelve men were then required, and $12,300 Conti- nental paper money were levied to pay bounties and mileage; £120 for each hundredweight of beef required of the town were assessed "immediately in a separate rate."

There were a few persons who certainly were not of "re- bellious minds, and who did not zealously aid and abet" the Revolution. Of such the patriots were not unmindful, as the following vote of Sept. 12, 1780, sufficiently testifies :

" Voted, that, in the opinion of this town, it is not consistent with the safety of the people that Simeon Strong, Esq. ,2 considering his general unfriendly condnet to these United States, should be allowed to plead as an attorney at the bar to explain the law; that, in the opinion of this town, he should not be al- lowed to plead in this town in any case whatsoever."

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

The valuable " History of Hadley," by Mr. Sylvester Judd, published in 1863, and the "History of Western Massachu- setts," by Dr. J. G. Holland, 1855, are among the principal works consulted by the compiler of the foregoing pages. To Dr. Franklin Bonney, | of Hadley, is he especially indebted for much important information, hearty co-operation, and a multitude of favors, including the loan of books and docu- ments. Also to Mr. William S. Shipman, town clerk,-dur- ing whose long and faithful administration of that office the quaint old records of Hadley have been handsomely tran- scribed,-for cheerful aid, official and otherwise; and to Rev. Rowland Ayres, D.D., Rev. Edward S. Dwight, D.D., Deacon Eleazar Porter, Mr. Edward Kingsley, Mr. Francis Edson, and others, for needed information, and for assistance in various ways.

REBELLION RECORD. TENTH MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY.

John C. Clark, Henry A. Dunakin, Alfred Van Horn, Howard Jewett, Francis White.

Į Soldiers sometimes chose to take their pay in grain. It was voted at the meeting of June 15, 1780, that " Indian Corn be accounted $20 per bushel." ¿ Afterward Judge Strong, Ile was a resident of Amherst.

H A sad closing incident in connection with this history of Hadley was the complete destruction of the barn and residenre of Dr. Bonney, by an incendiary fire, on the morning of March 27, 1879. The embers yet smoulder as these at- knowledgments are being written.

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History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. I, Part 111

Author: L.H. Everts & Co Publication date: 1879 Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts Number of Pages: 700

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 700