History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II, Part 113

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 896

USA > Massachusetts > Franklin County > History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II > Part 113

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Reservations of land for the use of the ministry and of schools had been made in different parts of the town of Springfield. Several lots of improved land lay in the meadow, on the west side, near the Connecticut River, and other lots lay on the southwest and north part of West Springfield. In setting off the new parish no provision was made for an equi- table division of the ministry-lands. The old parish claimed the whole, not only those which were located on the east side of the river, where there were liberal reservations for that pur- pose in various parts of the town, but also all those on the west side.

From the passage of the art of division the west side re- monstrated against the terms of separation, claimed the whole of the ministry-lands on their side of the river for the use of their ministry, and sent their agents to Boston to proenre ro- dress. In 1702 an additional act was passed, granting to the west side a small portion of the improved lands and all the unimproved lands.

But in respect to the latter the act of the General Court proved wholly unavailing for the purposes for which the land was originally appropriated.

Both the unimproved tracts were, after West Springfield was incorporated as a town, sold by the town of Springfield, and the avails paid into their town treasury. In the adjust- ment of difficulties growing out of the division of the town, a portion of the amount received from the sale of ministry-lands was paid to the town of West Springfield, and was appropri- ated then for objects of town expenditure. Thus a reserva- tion, made by our ancestors for the support of religion, was perverted from its original design, and their pious intentions defeated.

SUBDIVISION OF LANDS.

At a meeting of the inhabitants of the Second Parish of Springfield, April ye 7th, 1707, an attempt was made to di- vide the lands granted by the town to the inhabitants on the west side of the great river. It was

" Voted that every male person that is in the 20th year of his age shall be ac- counted inhabitants according to the names expressed herein, and they to pos- sess the said latul as by the law is granted to them. Hear followeth an account how the lots lying on the hill ware drawn, and also of both the other divisions as they were numbered. It was agreed to have three divisions,-one below Ag- awam river, one from the south of the hill next to Agawam River to run to Dor- bey Brouk, and the next division to begin at Dorbey's Brook, and so to extend to the end of the land given by the town."

V "AGAWAM DIVISION, The lots to be ten aeres .- James Hewerson, Sent, 10; James lewerson, Jun, 8; Isaack Frost, 15 ; Deacon Barber, 13; Thos Barber, G; Nathaniel Leonard, 20; Nathaniel Bancroft, 17; Jonathan Worthington, 1; John Mail, 2; Gershom Hail, Sent, 3; Samuel Cooper, 4; Jose, Leonard, Sen., 11 ; Sam'] Levuard, 12; Jose. Leonard, Inn, 5; Samuel Tailer, 9; Sam'l Kent, 19; Ebenezer Jones, 1G; John Leonard, 14: Samuel Day, 7; Joseph Holly, IS.

" Agawam lots are numbered from Sam'l Cooper's, and so along westward.

" THE STREET DIVISION, The lots for the street division are 7 acres .- Le't Ball, 12:{ Sam'l Ball, 13; Francis Ball, 4; Jose. Bodortha, Sent, 6; Jose. Bo- dortha. Jun., 23; Deacon Parsons, 16; Ebenezer Jons, Sen., 21; Samuel Bodor- tha, 24; Josiah Leonard, 2; Henry Rogers, 2x ; John Rogers, 27; Joseph Bodor- tha, 6; John Day, 1; Benia Leonard, 14; Jams Tailer, Senr, 9; Jams Tailer, Jun, 10; Jonathn Tailer, 19; Edward Foster, 26; Jno. Miller, 11 ; Francis Call, 4; James Merrick, 3 ; Eben' Miller, 8; Mr. Woodbridge, the first lot on the hill; Charles Tery, 7; Christian Vanhorn, 5; Eben' Day, 15; Jas Ely, 30; Sam'l Ely, 31; Jno. Fowler, 29; Jno. Peley, 32; Pela. Jones, 22; Sam'l Warriner, 20; Jose. Bedortha, 23.

" The street lots are numbered from the top of the hill all ye sonth etul, and so to gue round on the west side of the way. John Killum, Sen, 17; John Killum, Jun., 1%.

"THICKERY LOTS ABOVE DORBEY'S BROOK, 10 acres .- Beuja. Smith, 20; Wm Smith, 4; Jams Barcker, 3; Jose. Ely, 8; Jose, Ely, 18; Wm Macrany, 21; Thos Macrany, 11; Sam'l Barcker, 12; Jose. Barcker; & Oliver Barcher ; JJno. Bag; Jonathe Bag; Nat" Morgan; Samuel Tery ; Sam'l Miller; Sammel Frost; Nath" Sykes; Nath" Dumbleton; Wm Scot, 22; Samuel Bedortha, JunT. The division of t'hirkeby Ints is numbered beginning att ye southerly end on ye east side of ye way."

In the last pages of the parish register, which contain the above account of the division, occurs the following:

" .In ucconut of how the lund is divided that was gircu to this precinct by the Town .- It is almost twelve years since thor was certain tracts of land given by the town

# The numerals denote the numbers of lots.

¿ Many of the numbers in this division are illegible on the manus cript.

899

HISTORY OF HAMPDEN COUNTY.

to the inhabitants of this precinct, and it was expected the same should have been forthwith divided, and some endeavours ware used, as may be seen by what is written in the beginning of the Book, to settle the same. But nothing was accomplished till Tuesday, the 19th of April, Anno Dom. 1720. Then there was a meeting regularly and lawfully warne 1 by a warrant from a Justi e of the Fence to divi le and distribute the said land. And the Proprietors being assem- Med, di l chiuse Left. John Day to be ther Moderator, and Sam'I Ely to ke ther ('lerk, who was Imediately sworn to that office. And the proprietors proceeded to draw a list of those that ware owners of And had Right in the said land, which ware of two denominations, According to the Tenor of the grant, first, those that were petitioners ; secondly, those that ware to be provi led for.

" The names of the Petetioners, according as was then determine l by a vote, are as followeth : James Parcker, Joseph Barcker, Samt'l Barcker, Jno. Bag, Jonathan Bag, Nath? Morgan, Sam'l Miller, Sam'l Frost, Nath'] Sykes, Prla. Jones. Samuel Warriner, Eben' Day, Christian Vanhorn, Charls Fery, Sam'? Day, Sam'l Ely, Jno, Fowler, Juseph Redortha, Mr. Woodbridge, Sani'l Brdor- tha, Sen., Sam'l Bedortha, Inn., Josiah Leonard, Capt. Ball, Sam'l Ball, Henry Rogers, Sen', Jno. Rogers, Nath1 Duml leton, Ww Scot, Benja. Leonard, John Day, Jno, Leonard, Jams Tailer, Sent, Jams Tailer, June, Jonathan Tailer, Hat. Leno, Edward Foster, John Miller, Jamies Mirick, Jose. Leonard, Sent, Sam'] Leonanl, Jose. Leonard, Jun. Sam'l Cooper, Gershom Hail, Sent, John Hail, Gershom Hail, Innt, Deacon Barber, Thos Barber, Nat. Bancroft, Isaac Frust. Jams Stenensom, Sent, Jams Stenenson, Jou., Jonathan Worthington, John Ely, Francis Ball, Damon Parsons.

" In the next place a list was drawn of the names of those that ware to lix' provided for, who ware such as had Removed hither and ware Inhabitants, or such of the Juhabitants as weare born heare and had attained to the age of twenty-one years, which was determined by a vote as followeth : Julin White, John Stevenson, Daniel Cooley, Jon" Ball, Benia Ball, Jose, Colton, Bena. Ilail, Eben Leonard, Jour, John Barber, Thos Bedortha. Ben. Bedurtha, Jose. Bedor- tha, Juut, John Miller ye 31, Capt. Downeing, Jams Merrick, JJour, Jno. Day, Jun, Henry Rogers, Junr., Jno. Bedortha. Jose. Ball, Thus Miller, Jno. Hugin, Ben. Miller, Ben. Parsons, John Fowler, Jun. Saml. Day, Jun, Chubbs Tary, Jonan 014. Thomas Miller, Jun, Eben" Scot, Pelatinh Morgan, Nath" Morgan, Jun., Saml. Morgan, Eben' Morgan, Saml. Tailer (31), Jona Bag, Jun., John Bag, un', Eben Ashley, Jose, Ashley, Benia Ashley, Minister, Josiah Miller, Ben- jamin Stebbens, Mark Tery, Saml. Tery.

" Voted to divide the land into three Divisions. One division to extend from the tope of the hill to dorbeys brook, And one from dorbeys brook to the upper \ end of Chickeby field, And one bel iw Aggawam river; And then the meeting a'ljourned till the second tuesday In May.

" And on Tuesday, May the 10th, 1720,

" The meeting having assembled,

" It was voted that all those proprietors that were granted liveing between the pound and the day hill should have liberty to draw for their lots, In that division which is between the tope of the hill and dorbeys Brook, and those that missed of lots thear should have them." In the other divisions,

" It was voted that the lots in the division on the tope of the hill should be numbered begincing att the southerly end of the east tear of lots, And su to goe along to Porbeys Brook, And then the lots are to be numbered from the north- orly end of the west tear Back again to the hill. It was voted that the men whose names are Jlear after exprest should have ther lots In the division ut Chickeby, That is to say : Ww Seat, Jam' Barcker, Oliver Bucker, Joseph Batcker, Saml. Barcker, John Bag, John Bag, JunT, Jonan Bag, Jonan Bag, Junt, Na- thaniel Morgan, Nath' Morgin, Jun, Saml. Morgan, Eben' Morgan, Pelatiah Morgan, Saml. Miller, Thos Miller, Jun., Josiah Miller, Nath Sykes, Saml. Tailor, Jun., Jose. Ashley, Eben Ashley, Lenin Ashley, Fleur Sent, John Miller (3.1).

"A list of those in Agyoncum Division .- James Stevenson. Daniel Coley, Jose. Coulton, Ben" Hail, Ebenezer Leonard, Jon., Saml. Day, Jun, John Day, Jun", John Parber, Thos. Bedortha, Bena. Bedortha, Jose. Bedortha, Saml. Brdortha, Josiah Leonard.

"A list of the names of the men that belong to that division on the hill, And the number the rack wem drew .- It was voted and concluded to confirm that lot to Mr. Woodbridge $ which he hath sondd, provided that those to whom It was sould would acks .pt of that number of Acres, or other wise they might have liberty to draw for A lot : Samt. Hay, 2; Eben' Day, 3; Benin Leonard, 4; Charl. Tery, 5; Jams Merrick, 6; Nat. Dumbleton, 7; Saml. Warriner, 8; John Fowler, 9; Jam. Tailer, Jun., 10; Sandt Ball, 11; Dea 'on Parsons, 12; Ed. Foster, 13; Jonath Tailer, 14; Nath1 Leonard, 15; Pela. Jones, 1G; Francis Dall, 17; Capt. Ball, Is; Jam. Tailer, Sent, 19; John Ely, 20; Christian, 21 ; Jna. Leonard, 22; Sam Ely, 233; Jno. Rogers, 24; Jno. Day, 25; Jose. Bedortha, 2G; Sam1 Belortha, 27: Sam1 Bedoitha, Jun., 23; John Miller, Insign, 20; Henry Rageis, 30.

"The meeting adjourned till Monday next, And on Monday, May the 16th, 1720. The meeting assembled.

" Voted that Robert Oll have a lot provided for him.

" Voted that Samt Frost have liberty to draw for his lot, provided he Relin- quish what right he hath alredy in a lot in the said land.

" Voted that ther be a comitey for the layeing out of that tear of lots which is on the east si le ot the way, above dorhey's brook, which are Impowered to divide the same so as may be most convenient to arcomodate the propri tars. The men chosen for Comitey Are Jnstig Merrick, Seriah Bag, Willian Sont.

" At the meeting of the proprietors by Adjournment, May the 16th, 1720, Christian haveing desired to exchange ye Drawt of his Lot, Voted that Christian Van Horn have a small trart of land castward of the first tear of lots on the hill

lycing southerly of Westfield Bhond between the end of the lots and a highway coming up the Hill from the street where Eben Day liveth, provided it due not excred ten acres, and he to relinquish his Right els whear.

" Voted that Justig Merrick. Seriah Bag, And Sam1 Ely be a comitey to lay ont the highway that lyeth threw the land granted by the town, from the top of the hill to the uper end of Chi keby fieldl.

" Vote 1 To lay out the lots that Belong to the petitioners in ten acre lots, that each man may have ten acres in a lot.

\ " Voted that the s 1 Comitey (viz.) : James Mirek, Seria Bag, and William Scot lay out the lots to the petrti mers in that division below Aggowam River.

" Voted That any five of the proprietors that desire to have a meeting of the sd proprietors may sign a notification to the clerk of the proprietors to warn a meeting when need shall requier, And the clerk putting up the same lu sum jublick place, and giveing due notice as to the time shall be counted a lawful warning to assemble uppon any occasion the proprietors may have to convene

" May the 24th, 1723 .- At a meeting of the Proprietors Duly warned to finish the divideing of the sl land, and all persons were desired to attend the sil meet- ing that were concerned and expected a Right in the Island. John Bag, Mod- erator.

" And then voted to adjourn the meeting till Tuesday, the 25th of this Instant May, att 3 o'clock afternoon, att the meeting-house.

" And on May 28th the meeting assemlded: Voted that the heiers of Sam1 Miller, Juor, Deceased, have a lot divided to them.

" Vuted that of Joseph Bedortha, Junt, deceased, have a lot divided to them (viz.), the heirrs of Ju Bedortha.

" Voted that Samt Kent have a lot diviled to him. It was voted and deter- mined att this meeting that the Lands which shall remain undivided after the former proprietors are supplied (which have not yet had their respective lots), That the Comitey formerly chosen shall divide the summe to such persons as of right It Belongeth unto According as they come of age, or as they come to live hear, So that he that comes bist of Age shall first be suplied with a lot."

This account is followed by changes made in lots by differ- ent parties and by descriptions of the boundaries of all the lots, an accurate copy of which may be found in the " His- torical and Genealogical Register," for October, 1874, as made by Lyman Bagg.

The following memorandum is found in the parish register, and follows the account of the division of lands in 1707, and was written by Samuel Ely, who was clerk of the parish from 1702 to 1721, excepting the years 1714-15 :

" MEMORANDUM .- In order to prevent all Mistakes that may att any time here- after arise, It is to be remembered that all that was done About the dividing of the land given by the town to the Inhabitants of this Parish, The Proprietors saw conse to Reverse Because of the difficulties with the first Commitey that should have modeled the sud land. So that what Records are of the date of 1707 must be understood accordingly. And nothing was done to effect till after the town had chosen a new Comitey for modeling the said land. So the dividing v the said land was delayed till the year 1720, as may be seen in the other end of this book, And then it was Complrate.1.

" SAMI ELY, Clerk." The following is a copy of the warrant and proceedings of a parish meeting in November, 1775:

"HAMPSHIRE, SS.

" To either of the Constables of the first Parish of West Springfield, Greeting : In his Majesties name You are hereby required forthwith to warn and give Notice to the Freeholders and other Inhabitants of said Parish qualified by law to vote in Town or Parish affairs, to meet and assemble themselves at the meet- ing-JIonse in said Parish on Thursday, the sixteenth Day of November currant, at two of the Clock in the Afternoon, then and there to act on the Following Particular, viz. : Ist-To choose a Moderator to preside at said meeting ; 2d-To raise all such sums of money as may be necessary to defraye the common and ordinary Expeuses of said Parish for the corrant year.

" Hereof you may not fail, but of this Warraut with your doings thereon, make due return to the Clerk of said parish on or before the time above meu- tinneil for said meeting.

" Given under our hands and seals this seventh day of November, 1775, JUSTIN ELY, BENJAMIN STEBDINS (21), LEVI ELY, Committee of the first Parish in West Springfield."

" By Virtue of the within warrant I have warned all the Inhabitants in the first Parish in West Springfield from David Mason Sonth to Benjamin Stebbins; North from Connectient river: East from Agawam river; Southwest and all the Inhabitants on Westfield road to the Line, including David and Solomon Smith, Jesse rogge:s, and Aaron Smith GEORGE Bren, Constable, November 8, 1775."

" November 11, 1775 .- According to directions of the withiu Warrant 1 bave warned all Inhabitants From the Great hill so called, to the North Parish, in- cluding Esq. Hopkins, also Phinchas Ely, Nathanl. Dumbleton, John Belfield, and Joseph Merrick. DAVID ASHLEY, Constable."

" At a meeting of the Inhabitants of the first Parish in West Springfieldl, November Sixteenth, 1775, Vol. Benj. Day, Moderator :

" Granted 1st. The sum of Seventy pounds for Boyd Joseph Lathrop's Salary. "Ondly. The som of Eight pounds Ten shillings, to provide Mr. Lathrop's firewood. The standing Committee to farm it ont.

"3:lly. The sum of Fourteen shillings for the Assessors.

* The minister.

900

HISTORY OF THE CONNECTICUT VALLEY.

"4thly. The sum of Twenty shillings for the Treasurer.

" 5thly. The sum of thirty Shillings for ringing and sweeping.

"Gthly. The sum of three shillings and four pener to Ebenezer Day (2d), for Ragalı Bartlett's rate.

"ithly. The sum of Three shillings seven pence and three farthings, to Eben- ezer Day (20), for John How's rate.

"Sth. The sum of Three Shilling and five pence to Noah Ferman, for Phinchas Smith rate."

" Voted That the sum of Eighty-two pounds, Ten Shillings, four pence, and three farthings, be raised and assessed on the poles and Estates of the first l'ar- ish in West Springfield, and to be paid into the Treasury by the last Day of March next, and to be ordered ont by the Committee according to the severall Grants."

THE ABORIGINES .*

" These were the natives found upon the continent of America, and they were once a numerous race ; but their numbers have been and still are diminishing, and in some of the States they are nearly extinct. This has not been brought about altogether by pestilence, famine, or war, but by canker, a poison dealt out to them by civilized men in the intoxicating howl, and thousands of their num- ber have found drunkards' graves at an early period of life.

" These children of the forest were, without doubt, very numerous along the valley of the Connertient, from its month to as far north as Hartford, in Vermont, as they lived mostly on fish in summer, which they would take with very little exertion and without any kind of net excepting the scoop-net, so called.t

" Lung after the first grist-mill was built upon the Agawam Kiver, in West Springfield, shad were so plenty that a man would take, in a single day, with a dip- or scoop-net, at the south side of the river, at a gap left open for shad and other fish to ascend the stream for the purpose of casting their spawn, a thousand of shad in a very short time, and every other kind of fish inhabiting the rivers of New England.

"To this circumstance is probably owing the great population of the sons of the forest upon the table-lauds of the crooked Agawam, all along its banks, from the falls at the first bridge upon the river at l'liny Leonard's, up to the west part of Westfield. Corn could be raised in all the meadow-lands free of timber, and of easy tillage, which to them was of the utmost importance, ns their lands were cultivated without the use of tools ummule of iron and steel.

" The Fathers of West Springfield (thanks to them for it), by way of paying a tribute of respect to the memory of that race of men called Indians, have in this town suffered the names of several places to remain the same given to them by the aborigines. One of these places is Mittineague, another is l'angatuck, and a third, Agawam.

" In the limits of the town of West Springfield there has been discovered four places of interment for their dead, one, near the Springfield Bridge, on the bank of the Agawam (old bed), at the place known as the 'strep banks." When a boy, I was accustomed, with those of my sunny years, to go and dig out of the bank the old Indian skulls and look for their tools, such as arrow-heads, stone hoes, etc.

" We found some few of their stone bues, about six to eight inches in length, that upon one side and round upon the other, two of which were sent to President Stiles, of New Haven College, he being an antiquarian. The bodies of the In- dians appeared to have been Innied as deep as we are accustomed to do at this day, and a black, rich mould, from one to two inches thick, was to be found, bring the flesh, which had returned to the earth as it was, Acorns, pumpkin-seeds, and some other kinds were found.

" When I was a laul, from ten to twelve years of age, and 'swam on l.ladders in a sea of glory,' in my much-loved Connecticut, there was a remnant of the Farmington Indians who, during the summer, inhabited a wigwam upon the river- bank, a little north of a warehouse erected by Justin Ely, Esq. It was allowed by permission of my grandfather, Capt. Abel Cooley, to be placed upon his land. " No man in New England was a more sincere friend to these children of the forest than Capt. Cooley, They were, one and all, at times, welcome to his house and invited to stay ; his orchard was large, and cider (which with an Indian is his Alpha and Omega), together with victuals, was dealt ont with an unsparing hand. No Stockbridge Indian ever passed his house withont enfling, nud none ever was sent away ; indeed, Capt. Cooley was known by the Indians from Boston tu Detroit.

" Drift-wood in the Counecticut was plenty, so were fish, and as the Indian pail no ground-rent, it was a capital stand for them, as they occasionally made a few brooms and baskets which they could sell for cider, apple-brandy, etc.

" My oldest brother, in company with a son of the Rev. Dr. Lathrop, one day visited the wigwam and found the Indians absent. The boys took it into their heads to cut up a shine among their cooking-utensils. Returning home, Old Mull saw what had been done, and made her report to her godfather, Capt. Cooley. He went to work and found out the rogues, who, having made their acknowledgment for the fault to the Indians, and Dr. Lathrop having made them a friendly visit, the affair was amicaldy settled.

" Below are the names of all the Indians who hailed from the wigwam upon the river-bank, now the very lot owned by Mr. Isaac Hammerton, and on it were 25 or 30 buttonwood-trees of immense size. Joe Robbin and his wife Moll, John l'ette and his wife Lucy, Joshua Robbins and his wife Phebe, Joe Robbin, Sam- nel Robbins. All of them would get tipsy on cider, and most of them gloriously drunk, and lic, half baked, under a blazing sun for several hours together.

* From the journal of Sewall White.

+ In another place in his journal he says, " The Indians wanted no net to catch fish. They built a stone wall with a narrow passage into it and the fish got into, they would not find their way out."

"John Pette, or Pete, had several male children, who all died young, and Juhn, at the interment of one of them, after thanking the good people for their kind and friendly attentions to himself and family, remarked that all his boys served him sn. . llis children were interred in the ancient burying-ground.

" These families resided only during the summer in West Springfield, and in winter retreated to some more favorable spot for the purpose of living by hunt- ing wild game.

" Two places on the bank of the Connecticut River have been discovered whero the bones of the sons of the forest have fallen out of the bank after the spring freshets, some of which onee might have occupied a place in the body of some mighty warrior, sume Nimrod in hunting, or adroit fisherman. Another place for Imrying the dead was upon the bank of the Agawam, below the bridge, and not far from the house of Capt. Enoch Cooper, The skeleton of an Indian was ing up near the house of P'eletiab Ashley, who was buried with his gun, bullet- molds, and other things.

" Au Indian by the name of Old Greylock is supposed to have been the most cunning of all the savage race inhabiting this section of the country, 'Tis said that he often boasted of having killed one hundred persons, save one, and that he had taken and carried away many more for the purpose of raising money out of their friends hy way of redemption.

" In the time of the French war Oll Greylock lay the greater part of one day secreted in a ditch near the ancient burying-ground, watching to kill or take captive Henry lingers, a robust, giant-like man, of West Springfickl. Mr. Rogers was in the field, hoeing corn, and never went into the forest or coru- field without carrying his minsket. Greylock, seeing it, came to the resolution at length not to fire upon Mr. R., fearing, as he sail afterward, that if he should fail to kill him dead, that he should be dispatched himself at once.

" When Capt. Hawley Champion excavate.I ground for his cellar two skeletons -sons of the forest-were found in a sitting posture. They had been buried with a quantity of acorns, which were still to be seen, with some other seeds too far decayed to determine of what sort, but such as they, without doubt, supposed- from the indistinct view they had of futurity-that they sboubl statul in need of when they arrived at that happy country beyond the mountains, where the snu goes down, far, far beyond the Pacific, and from thence throws his lingering beams upon the eastern hills and the broad Atlantic.

" The Chi opee River was, too, the spot where, along its banks, once rose the smoke from the savage wigwam; where he wooed and wed and lived happily with his dusky mate, subsisting upon every kind of fish, of which vast schools ascended the river; and no doubt that the bow and arrow, wieldled with the vigor of an Indian's arm, brought to the ground many a fine deer upon the ex- tensive plain, and many a huge torkey, wild goose, and smaller game in abun- dance.

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History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II, Part 113

Author: L.H. Everts & Co Publication date: 1879 Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts Number of Pages: 896

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 896