History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II, Part 59

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 896

USA > Massachusetts > Franklin County > History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II > Part 59

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The summers are cool and enjoyable, and attract many visi- tors to the town. The winters are long, severe, and trying. The snow usually lasts from the Ist of December to the Ist of April, and the public roads are frequently almost impassable. The prevailing disease with the middle-aged may be said to be the consumption, probably because of the variable winters. Many, however, live to advanced ages in the town.

EARLY SETTLEMENT.

The precise year when the first permanent settlement was made in the town is not known. It is believed that it was made in 1743, and a grist-mill is said to have been creeted the same year, and stood about one hundred rods northeast of the present Episcopal Church.

A few notes from the " Proprietors' Records" will best indi- eate the date of the first settlement, as well as show the meas- ures taken by the proprietors to induce settlement and make it permanent.

May 28, 1741 .- " Voted that William Cortis be employed in mending The Way to said Township, the Labour done on said way by him not to Exceed ten pounds."

" Voted that One Hunded & twenty pounds be assessed on ye Proprietors, as an Incouragement to him or them yt shall build a saw-mill in some convenient place & Convenient to ye Lots allready Laid ont; Provided, The Owner or Owners of said mill saw for the Propriet's for the first seven years For twenty shillings per Thousand; Provided, also, that ye said miller or milleres, viz't, Owner or Owners, do keep said mill in order for buisness for seven years, and as he or they shall have water; & if sai I Proprietors do bring Logs, that he or they saw them as aforesd. Past in ye affirmative."

May, 1712 .- " Vote.l that a good Whipsaw be procured at the Charge of the Proprietors, and that Samuel White & Job Porter have said saw delivered to them for sawing bords for the Proprietors, Provided they saw sd bords for said proprs For four pounds oll tenor per Thousand, and when said propriet's shall Require To Return said saw to them, or their Order, In good Order and sound. Provided, also, that, viz't, sd White and Porter Give Bond for Returning s Saw in good Order and sound & soon as above said."

The vote to encourage a saw-mill, etc., was rescinded September, 1742.

Same date 18d. per pound was granted to Richard Elis " forn good iron Crank & gudgeon for a saw-mill."

June 2, 1743 .- " Voted that they will proceed this Present year to build a Corn- Mill in said Huntstown, on the Pond Brook, so Calld, when a Comttes for that purpose shall Think Proper."

To the person that would engage in this enterprise, 100 acres of land adjoining the mill were voted, and a sum of money not exceeding £100, okl tenor, together with the use of the brook for " ponding."

A committee was appointed at the same meeting " to take Care that no White pine timber be Cntt and Convey'd ont of the Town, and to Prosecute all such uffenders."

Ajnil 12, 1753 .- One hundred acres of land and the corn-mill on the mill-brook were voted to John Blackmer upon conditions, and a committee was appointed to lay out the land and take security.

Sixteen acres of land lying near or at the end of Richard Allis' Int, together with the right of the stream called Bear River at that point, were appropriated to Nathaniel and William Church upon condition that they would erect and set up a saw-mill there, etc.

May 29, 1754 .- Voted the mill and appurtenances (together with the land) first bilt, one-half to Chileab Smith, his heirs and assigns forever ; one-quarter to Eliphalet ('ary, of Bridgewater, his heirs and assigns forever ; and one-quarter to David Alden, Jr., and Barnabas Alden, both of Stafford, their heirs and nosigns forever. Also, the IG-acre lot near Bear River (above referred to), one-half to Chilenb Smith, his heirs and assigns forever; oue-quarter to Daniel Aklen ; aud one-quarter to Eliphalet Carey.

The names of the original proprietors in 1739 were John Hunt, Thomas White, Nathaniel Wales, Benj. Ludden, Gideon Turrel, Richard Foxon, Wil- limu Crane, Ebenezer Hunt, Rev. Joseph Belcher, Jonathan Webb, Seth Cha- pen, John Phillips, John Herrick, Zechariah Briggs, Ebenezer Hunt, Job Otis, Jonathan Dawse, Helr. Prat, Richard Davenport, Ezra Whitman, Solomon Leonard, James Meares, Joseph Gond, Thomas B alter, Ephraim Emerson, Benja. Beal, Barnabas Daily, John Miller, Josiah Owen, Samuel Thayer, Ephraim Cope- land, James Hayward, Samuel Gay, Ebenezer Staples, Samuel Staples, John Ring, Samuel Niles, Jr., James Mears, Moses Penniman, Joshua Phillips, Wn. Linfield, Ebenezer Owen, Samuel Darby, Jonathan Webb, John Bass, -Keith, J. French, Atmos Stutson, Joseph Drake, Thomas Wells, Samuel Andrews, John White, Benj. Stuart, Joseph Veckery, Joseph Lobdle, Joseph Milton, and John Bartlet.

Two lots were set off for the ministry and one for a school lot.

The first family to locate permanently in the town was that of Richard Ellis, a native of Dublin, Ireland. Hle probably made his settlement between the years 1742 and 1744. Tradi- tion has handed down the following account of him : Mr. Ellis was the only son of a widow. A wealthy planter, living in Virginia, a native of Ireland, and having no children, made application to a friend in Dublin to send him over a youth of promise, to be adopted into his family and brought up under his care and patronage. Young Ellis was selected, and started for this country. On his embarkation his passage was paid and an agreement made with the captain of the ship to land him safely on the coast of Virginia. But he proved faithless to his trust, brought the youth to Boston, and there sold him for his passage-money. After serving the time thus unjustly extorted from him, he removed from Boston, and at length settled in Easton, where he married. From Easton he came to Ashfield, then ealled Huntstown.

The first tree was felled by his hands on White Brook, a small stream which ran a little to the east of the present resi- dence of Samuel A. Ilall. Ile built for his family the first habitation in the northeast section of the town,-a log cabin, partly under-ground, on the side of the hill, a few rods east of where L. D. Lanfair now resides, near the ancient burying- ground. He died Oct. 7, 1797, aged ninety-three.

A further account of Mr. Ellis is given by Mr. Aaron Smith, of Stockton, N. Y., one of his descendants. From this it appears that he was born in Ireland, Aug. 16, -1704, and was thirteen years of age when he landed in this country. He had a family of eight children, among whom were John, Reuben, Jane, Hannah, and Remember. Jane married a Ful- ton, Hannah married a Rockwood. They settled in Wood- stock, Vt. John lived in Ashfield and had four children,- Dimick, John, Hannah, and Sylva. Reuben had a son- David-who formerly lived where lohn II. Mann now resides. The family intermarried with the Smith, Belling, and Phillips families.

The next pioneer to plant himself in the town was Thomas Phillips, of Easton, whose sister Ellis had married. Hle built

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HISTORY OF FRANKLIN COUNTY.

a log house about one-half a mile to the north of the dwelling of his only fellow-townsman.

Soon a third family was added, that of Chileab Smith, from that part of Hadley known now as South Hadley. He was born May 8, 1708, and died in Ashfield, Aug. 19, 1800, in his ninety- third year, leaving eight children, forty-six grandchildren, and ninety-one great-grandehildren. A large number of his de- seendants became ministers. Ile was a brother of James Smith, one of the first settlers of Granby, in Hampshire County, and a great-grandson of Rev. Henry Smith, of North- field. Mr. Smith settled upon the spot which the house of his son Chileab afterward occupied. This son was about eight years old when his father eame to the town, and lived until 1843, reaching the advanced age of one hundred years and right months. This would fix the date of his father's settle- ment at about the year 1750. The father was the most prom- inent man in the town for the first thirty years after its settle- ment ; was a member of many committees ; held important offices under the proprietors and the town, and operated one of the first saw- and grist-mills in the settlement, if not the first.

Among the earliest aceessions to the settlement after these three families were Deaeon Ebenezer Belding, from Hatfield, and Samuel Belding, from Deerfield, with their families. Other settlers came in from time to time from different quar- ters. A number of families joined them from the southern part of Connecticut, so that by the year 1754 the settlement numbered from ten to fifteen families and nearly 100 persons.

The year 1754 was memorable for the breaking out of fresh hostilities between the French and English. This war again let loose the savages upon the defenseless frontier settlements of the north. During the month of June, of this year, a party of men at work near Rice's Fort, in the upper part of Charlemont, was attacked by a body of Indians, two of their number slain, and two taken prisoners. The tidings of the affair, quickly reaching the settlement in Huntstown, ocea- sioned great alarm. Being few in numbers, and with small means of defense, they had no other alternative than to seek safety within the confines of the older settlements. Accord- ingly, on the same afternoon in which they received the news from Charlemont, they abandoned their houses, improvements, and stores, except such as could be transported on horseback, and set out for the older towns. A middle-aged woman, the wife of Chileab Smith, traveled ten miles on foot before they encamped for the night. What is now Conway was then a part of Deerfield, a howling wilderness, without an inhabitant or a shelter to protect the refugees. Their first halt was at Bloody Brook, where they spent the night. Early the next morning the few inhabitants of the place abandoned their dwellings and joined them, finally reaching with them places of seurity .*

. The settlers were absent between two and three years. It is likely that individuals of them may have returned in the mean time on a tour of inspection, but they did not bring back their families until the time specified. After the return of the refugees to their homes in Huntstown, the war still continuing, their first objeet was to ercet a fort for their com- - mon defense. This was accomplished on the ground occupied by Mr. Smith, and principally at his own expense. The area inelosed by the fort was a piece of ground containing 81 square rod». It was constructed of upright logs of sufficient thick- ness to be bullet-proof, set three feet into the earth, and rising twelve feet above. The inelosure had but one gate, opening to the south, which was always shut and strongly barred during the night. Within the fort stood the dwelling of Mr. Smith, which served as barracks, where the settlers felt secure

from attack during the night. Upon its roof was constructed of logs a tower of sutheient size to contain six men with their arms. Port-holes were so arranged in its sides as to afford its inmates a fair aim at their assailants without, while seeure from their balls within.

After remaining in this state about a year, laboring by day and keeping watch by night, they solicited and obtained from the authorities of the colony a squad of nine soldiers, under Sergt. Allen, who was under the general command of Col. Israel Williams. These continued with them, protecting them by day while at their labors, and watching over them by night, for nearly two years, and until the close of the war.

Before the close of hostilities another fort, six rods square, was built by the settlers, in the same manner as the first, about two hundred rods south, on land now owned by Emory Church & Son. It was used for the same purposes as the other.

No Indians were discovered near the settlement. except in one instance, during this period. As a daughter of Mr. Smith was walking out one evening as the sun was setting, she saw an Indian within about twenty rods of the fort surveying it very attentively. In great haste and terror she returned to the fort and ericd, " The Indians are upon us !" The soldiers immediately rallied and commeneed pursuit, but, darkness soon coming on. they returned without discovering the enemy. The next day they discovered the trail of a small seouting-party, which had probably been sent to reconnoitre the settlement, but, finding it well garrisoned, did not attempt to molest it.

TAVERNS.

The first house of public entertainment in the town is be- lieved to have been kept by Joseph Mitchell, as early as 1763, on the east side of Bellows' Hill, above where Elias and Charles Rogers now live, in the northeast part of the town. The first precinet-meetings of Ashfield were held there. Timothy Per- ; kins had one on "the Plains" in 1778, and perhaps earlier. Capt. Moses Fuller kept one in a two-story house on the site now occupied by the house of Moses Cook, as early as 1767, and probably until his death, in 1794. A tavern was kept where Rev. Mr. Green now resides, the latter part of the last century, by Seth Wait. Zachariah Field built the house-or a part of it-now occupied by Henry S. Ranney, in 1792, and kept a tavern and store there until 1808. He was then suc- ceeded by A. & D. White, who also had a store in the same building. John Williams followed next, in the same place and business, in the year 1816, and was sueeceded by Harrison Foote, about the year 1838, who kept it until about 1846. These were all at or near Ashfield Plains.

Others have been kept in different sections of the town. One of two stores was built by Asa Newton, at Spruce Cor- ners, the early part of the present century, and was kept by him, and afterward by Jonathan and Joshua Bond in turn. . About 1820, or 1825, Whiting Kellogg also had one in South Ashfield,-the house now owned by Nathan Sears. About the same time one was kept in the east part of the town- where Champion Rice and son now reside-by Russell Bement. George Barrus kept a tavern near the Congregational meeting- house, at the centre, in the house now owned by J. Kilborn, from about the year 1820 to 1838. In the northwest part of the town Ezra Williams had a tavern for a number of years, at the elose of the first quarter of the present century, and until about the year 1850. The only tavern now in the town . is what is known as the " Ashfield House," at the " Plains." Lyman Cross first kept it, as early as 1831, and was succeeded by his son Lemnel for a number of years. For the last decade it has been acceptably kept by the present proprietor, Allen Phillips, who married a daughter of Lyman Cross.

STORES.

No attempt will be made to mention all of the stores that have existed in the town. Among the first to trade in the

* Among the refugees were Chileab Smith and bis family. Ile buried an iron Far and a froe, which he could never afterward find. After his death they were found, in 1802, by one of his grandsons, abont twelve rods from where he sup- posed he buried them.

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HISTORY OF THE CONNECTICUT VALLEY.

town was Gad Wait, who failed, and gave up business. Abraham and David White kept store as early as 1808 where II. S. Rannoy now resides. John Williams succeeded them in 1816. Selah Norton had a store in 1793 where the Widow Frank Bassett now lives. JJohn and Charles Baldwin, Charles Williams, and Samuel Hall kept there afterward. At South Ashfield a man named Cooley established a store about 1826. He failed, and was followed ,by Maj. Dana, Charles Reed, and Gardner & Guilford. About 1853 there was a co-operative store established there, which was conducted by Foster R. King. Chandler A. Ward then followed in trade, and still remains there. About 1830, Alvan Hall was in trade in the building now occupied by Church & Wait, at the " Plains." Jasper Bement followed in 1835, and died in 1851. Ile was succeeded by Joseph Bement, his son. Jo- sophus Crafts had the store at the " Plains," now occupied by Albert W. Crafts, as early as 1835. Alvan Perry had one later where his widow now resides. Albert W. Crafts sue- ceeded Josephus, and traded for the last twenty-five years. From 1842 to 1847, Cook & Rannvy occupied the building where Mrs. Perry now resides, for trading purposes. In 1851, and later, Hall & Ranney traded in the same place. Almon E. Bronson went into trade about 1860, and continued until 1878, when he was succeeded by his brother, Chester 1. Bronson.

PHYSICIANS.

A large number of physicians have practiced in the town ; of these the first was Dr. Phineas Bartlet, who is mentioned in the town records as early as 1766, and who remained in prac- tice until the time of his death (in a fit), in 1799. Ile re- sided on the " Plain," in what is now known as the " Nor- ton place." He was largely identified with public affairs, represented the town in the General Court, was town clerk a great many years and at the time of his death, and tilled other positions of responsibility. Ilis sudden death was greatly lamented.

A contemporary of Dr. Bartlet was Dr. Moses llayden, who was in practice in 1766, and perhaps earlier. He lived at South Ashfield, was in practice about fifteen years, and re- moved to Conway.

The next physician was probably Dr. Francis Mantor, who was in practice at the close of the last century. Dr. Enos Smith probably came next, and was in practice many years. Ile lived on the " Plain" where Lemuel Cross now resides, and also where Mrs. Thompson now lives. About the same time as Dr. Smith, Dr. Rivera Nash engaged in practice in the town. Dr. David Dickinson was also in practice contempora- neously with Drs. Smith and Nash.

Dr. Cornelius Luce was in practice about 1810 for a few years, and lived about half a mile north of the " Plain." Dr. W'm. A. Hamilton followed a little later. Then came Dr. Atherton Clark, who married a daughter of Dr. Smith, and first engaged in practice in the town about 1816. He lived where Lemuel Cross now resides, and was in practice many years. President William S. Clark, of Amherst Agricultural College, is a son of Dr. Clark.

Dr. Jared Bement also married a daughter of Dr. Smith, and engaged in practice about 1830-33. Ile resided where Seth Miles now lives. Dr. Charles Knowlton and Dr. Ros- well Shepard were in practice about the same time,-the Jat- ter for a few years only. They were in partnership for a time. Dr. Knowlton remained in town, and died in 1850 .. He was succeeded by his son, Dr. Charles L. Knowlton, who removed to Northampton, where he still is (in 1879). Dr. Bement was suceceded by Dr. Milo Wilson, to whom he dis- posed of his business about 1838. A Dr. King was in practice for about two years at South Ashfield, and a Dr. Lee died in town in 1816, after a short practice.

Dr. Sidney Brooks, a relative of Buckland, bought the homestead and practice of Dr. Wilson in 1845. He remained

until 1855. While here he built the two houses now occupied by Levi Gardner and Edwin Sears.

Dr. Stephen J. W. Tabor, a native of Vermont, studied medicine with Dr. Charles Knowlton about 1840, married his daughter, and practiced here a few years. He went into practice at Shelburne Falls, and then at Independence, in lowa, where he became a judge. He was, about the year 1863, appointed fourth auditor in the Treasury Department at Washington, in which position he yet continues.

The present physician, Dr. James R. Fairbanks, was born in Pittsfield, subsequently engaged in practice in Connecticut, and settled in Ashfield in the spring of 1868.

LAWYERS.

The lawyers who have practiced in the town have been much less numerous. One remained but a few months. The IIon. Elijah Paine spent his entire publie life in the town, from 1793 to 1846, and died in that year at the advanced age of eighty-five. Hon. David Akin, now of Greenfield, and a former justice of the Superior Court of Massachusetts, prac- ticed in town for a short time about the year 1833.

ROADS, MILLS, STAGE-ROUTES, POST-OFFICES. V

The first road ever laid out in the town was the continua- tion of an early thoroughfare that passed from Hatfield into Deerfield, and thence into Ashfield. An old map of the town, made in 1794, shows the following county roads : A county road entering the town from Conway, just south of Bear River, and passing, first westerly, then northerly, into the town of Buckland; another passing from Conway by way of South River, and taking a westerly course through the town into Plainfield; another entering the town from Goshen, crossing the southwest corner of Ashfield for three miles, and going thence into Plainfield ; and a small one passing through the extreme northeast corner of the town for about half a mile. The same map shows the following

EARLY MILLS OF THE LAST CENTURY.

A grist-mill on Bear River, and another on South River, a half-mile north of the " Plain" village, and saw-mills as fol- lows : one on South River, a half-mile from Conway line; one near Buckland, now owned by Jonathan Howes; and two in " Spruce Corner."

The first regular stage-route through the town was a private weekly post-route which passed between Northampton and Ashfield, riu Whately Centre, in 1789. On March 23, 1824, the daily mail-stage from Greenfield to Troy passed through the town for the first time, on the central county road.

The post-office at AAshfield Plain was established about 1815, and the mail was carried from Northampton, rie Whately, Conway, Ashfield, and Buckland, to Hawley once a week each way. The first postmaster was Levi Cook, who kept the office in his house. He was succeeded in 1842 by his son, Richard Cook, who was followed by George G. Hall for a short time. Moses G. Cook (son of Richard) then held the office until a recent period. The present incumbent is Miss Eliza Jane Cook (daughter of Richard ).

The post-office at South Ashfield was established about 1866. The only postmaster has been the present incumbent, Chandler A. Ward.

The following is a list of the voters in the year 1798. There being then a property qualification, this list does not inchide the names of all the men of the proper age for voting :

David Allen, David Allen, Jr .. John Alden, Ens. James Andrews, Sammel An- able, Samuel Anable, Jr., Barnabas Anable, Abel Allis, Henry Alden, Solomon Aldrich, Benjamin Althich, Lemuel Allis, Otis Andrews, Barnabas Alden, Elihu Barber, Elisha Bassett, Deacon John Bement, P'hinchas Bement, John Bement, Jr., Reuben Bement, Joseph Bishop, Sanmel Barton, Samuel Belding, Ebenezer Belding, John Belding, Sammuel Bardwell, Bezer Benton, Bethel Benton, Lot Bassett, Lieut. Zebulon Bryant, Samuel Bachelor, David Baldwin, Lemuel Brown, Benjamin Brackett, Davis Butler, Dr. Phinchas Bartlet, John Baldwin, Archibald Burnet, Daniel Belding, Roger Brownson, Silas Blake, David Bald-

741

HISTORY OF FRANKLIN COUNTY.

win, Jr., James Case, Levi Cook, Elisha Cranson, Jr., Cant. Asa Cranson, Al ner Cranson, Jonathan Cranson, Stephen Cross, Cophas Cross, Alvan Clark, Silas Clark, Isanc Crittemlen, Josiah Cobb, Caleb Church, Joseph Collins, Josiah Drake, Benjamin Dyer, Jesse Dyer, Edward Damon, Josiah Divoll, Dr. David Dirkinson, Alphens Darling, Lient. John Ellis, Lieut. David Ellis, Levi Eldredge, Samuel Eldredge, Eli Eldredge, Samuel Elmer, Samuel Elmer, Jr., Zenas Elmer, Gad Elmer, Ebenezer Forbush, Solomon Fuller, Josiah Fuller, Zachariah Fiehl, Capt. Lamrock Flower, Maj. Win. Flower, Win. Foster, Lewis Foster, Robert Gray, Jonathan Gray, Samuel Guilford, Eldad F. Goodwin, Ens, Randal Graves, Joseph Hall, Kimball Howes, Deacon Anthony Howes, Zachariah Howes, Samuel Howes, Heman Howes, Ezekiel Howes, Mark Howes, Reuben Han, Solomon Hinckley, Alexander Hamilton, Podley Hosford, Samuel Hall, Renben Halbert, Abner Kelley, Daniel Kellogg, Euoch King, John King, Amos Karr, Jacob Kilbourne, Joshua Knowlton, John Loomis, Josiah Loomis, Jonathan Lyon, Eliakim Lilly, James Leland, Jonathan Lilly, Jeremiah Look, Lieut. David Lyon, Lient. Beth- uel Lilly, Aaron Lyon, Josiah Moody, Lient. Jeremiah Mantor, John L. Mantor, Daniel Mighells, John Mighells, Stephen Merrill, Parson Mansfield, Angustus Mckinstry, Capt. Selah Norton, Asa Newton, Elijah Paine, Philip Phillips, Esq., David Phillips, Simeon Phillips, Thomas Phillips, Elijah Phillips, Abner Phil- lips, Lemuel Phillips, Philip Phillips, Jr., Israel Phillips, Rufus Perkins, Deaeon John Porter, Vespasian Phillips, Spencer Phillips, Caleb Phillips, Timothy Per- kins, Axa Porter, Deacon Abiezer Perkins, Eliab Perkins, Elisha Parker, Joseph l'aine, Caleb Packard, Joseph R. Paine, Samuel Porter, Joseph Porter, Eben- ezer Putney, John Perry, Sylvester Phillips, John Porter (21), Daniel Phillips, Juslma Phillips, George Hanney, Thomas Ranney, Francis Ranney, Calvin Rrekord, Lebbens Rnde, Benjamin Rogers, Thaidens Rude, Ashbel Rice, Levi Steel, Joseph Smith, Jr., Abraham Stocking, Lemuel Stocking, Amos Stocking, Chipman Smith, Davil Smith, Chileab Smith, Jr., Jeduthan Smith, Chileab Smith (30), Israel Standish, Elijah Smith, Martin Smith, Deacon Isaac Shepard, Joshua Sadler, Isaac Shepard, Nathaniel Sherwin, Noah Wright Sadler, John Sadler, Rowland Sears, Paul Sears, Enos Sears, Abuer Smith, Jonathan Smith, Jr., Asa Sebilen, bemnel Spurr, Ebenezer Smith, Jr., Jonathan Sears, Ebenezer Taylor, Isaiah Taylor, Stephen Taylor, Ezekiel Taylor, John J. S. Taylor, Samuel Tenney, Elijah Tobey, David Vincent, Joseph Vincent, Ehjah Wait, Ephraim Williams, Esq., Apollos Williams, Stephen Warren, Joseph Warren, Joseph War- ren, Ir., Gad Wait, Seth Wait, Jr., Joshua Whelden, Alexander Ward, Moses Ward, Elijah Ward, Caleb Ward, Lieut. Jonathan Yeomons.

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History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II, Part 59

Author: L.H. Everts & Co Publication date: 1879 Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts Number of Pages: 896

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 896