History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II, Part 120

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 896

USA > Massachusetts > Franklin County > History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II > Part 120

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CIVIL ORGANIZATION.

The town of llolyoke was set off by the General Court in 1850, and on the 14th of March of that year was organized as a town, with its present boundaries. The following is a list of the selectinen from the organization of the town until 1874, the date of incorporation of the eity :

SELECTMEN.

1851 .- Fayette Smith, Hervey Chapin. 1852 .- Alexander Day.

1853 .- Hervey Chapin, Daniel Bowdoin, Albert Graves.

1854,-Chester Crafts, Anstiu Ely, E. H. Ball.

1855 .- E. H. Ball, Hervey Chapin, Asa O. Colby.

1856 .- N. W. Quint, George C. Lyon. 1857 .- Russell Gilmore, Alfred White, E. Whitaker.

1858 .- E. Whitaker, Henry Wheeler, Chester Crafts.

1859 .- E. Whitaker, E. H. Ball, A. O. Colby.

1860 .- E. H. Ball, J. Russell, D. E. Kingsbury.

1861 .- J. Russell, Austin Ely, S. II. Walker. 1862 .- Joel Russell, S. H. Walker, A. C. Slater.

1863-64 .- W. B. C. Pearsons, Rufus Mosher, Chester Crafts.

1865,-E. Whitaker, E. H. Ball, R. S. Howard.

1866 .- Porter Underwood, E. H. Ball, John C. Newton. 1867 .- Chester Crafts, Edwin Chase, Rufus Mosher. 1868,-Chester Crafts, Edwin Chase, Timothy Merrick.

1869-70 .- Chester Crafts, George C. Ewing, A. Iligginbuttom.

1871 .- W. A. Judd, Charles A. Corser, A. Higginbottom.

1872 .- W. A. Judd, Rufus Mosher, A. Higginbottom.

1873 .- W. A. Judd, Rufus Mosher, J. Delaney.

REPRESENTATIVES TO GENERAL COURT.

1850, Alexander Day ; 1851-53, no choice ; 1854, Uba (, Slater; 1856, Joshna Gray ; 1856, Alfred White; 1857, E. G. Pierce; 1859, William B. (. Pearsons; 1860, Nathan Loomis; 1861, Thomas II. Kelt ; 1862, Richard Pettee ; 1866, Ed- win 11. Ball; 1867, E. H. Flagg; 1868, S. II. Walker; 1860, Henry A. Pratt; 1870, Charles A. Corser; 1871, Roswell P. Crafts; 1872, Edward W. Chapin ; 1874, J. W. Davis; 1875, E. L. Kirtland; 1876, James II. Newton, J. H. Wright ; 1877, E. P. Bartholomew, J. Il. Wright ; 1878, T. L. Keongh, Joseph Murray.

THE CITY OF HOLYOKE.

The aet to establish the city of Holyoke passed the House of Representatives March 28, 1873, the Senate April 4, 1873, and was signed by the Governor, W. B. Washburn, April 7th. The first officers of the city were as follows:

Muyor .- W. B. C. PEARSONS.

Allerwarn .- William Grover, Henry A. Chase, August Stursberg, John Il. Wright, John O'Donnell, George W. Prentiss, and James F. Allyn.

Common Conncihnen -President, Charles 11. Heywood ; Ward One, William Ruddy, Curtis Muore, James Anddy ; Ward Two, Charles B. Harris, Sanford F. Stebbins, George W. Burditt ; Ward Three, Martin Lawlor, Frederic Kreimen- dahl, Mathew Welsh ; Ward Four, Henry G. Pierer, Alvin C. Pratt, William D. Higgins; Ward Five, Maurice Lynch, Jeremiah A. Sullivan, John O'Connell ; Ward Six, Timothy Merrick, Charles H. Heywood, John Darling ; Ward Seven, Heury A. Pratt, Reuben Winchester, Roswell M Fairfield.

City flerk .- Edwin A. Ramsay . Clerk of Council .- Charles W. Rider.

Messenger .- John 11. Clifford. Treasurer .- Charles W. Ranlett.

Superintendent of Streets,-Daniel O'donnell.

Engiarer .- Thomas W. Mann.

Solicitor .- Edward W. Chapin.

Physician .- Charles O. Carpenter.

Assessors,-Amos Henderson, James E. Delaney, JJohn E. Chase.

Collector .- Amas Andrew.

Orersrers of Pour .- Mayor, President of Council, W. A. Judd, J. F. Sullivan, Robert Heubler; Mayor, Chairman ; Sullivan, Secretary ; and Judd, Almoner.

City Agents Holyoke and Westfield Railroad .- Chas. W. Hanlett, Ezra 11. Flagg, August Stursberg, E. II. Ball, James E. Delaney.

Water Commissioners,-J. P. Buckland, Dennis Higgins, J. C. Smith. Chief of Police .- William G. Ham.

Polier Court .- Joseph P. Buckland, Standing Justice; W. B. C. Pearsons and Porter Underwood, Special Judges.

The following is a list of the mayors, aldermen, councilmen, and clerks from 1874 to the present time :

1875.

Mayor,-W. B. C. PEARSONS.

Aldermen .- Ward One, William Grover ; Ward Two, II. A. Chase; Ward Three, Matthew Welsh ; Ward Four, John H. Wright; Ward Five, Edward O'Connor; Ward Six, G. W. Prentiss; Ward Seven, J. F. Allyn.

Clerk .- E. A. Ramsay.

Common Councilmen .- President, C. Il. Heywood; Ward One, John Moore, James Ruddy, William Ruddy; Ward Two, C. B. Harris, Fred. Morrison, G. H. Smith ; Ward Three, Richard Gilday, F. Kreimendahl, Hemy Winkler; Ward Four, S. J. Donahne, Peter Mckeon, E. A. Newton; Ward Five, B. F. Bigelow, D. H. Donoghue, J. R. Donoghue ; Ward Six, John Delaney, C. H. Heywood, Timothy Merrick ; Ward Seven, Horace Brown, Chester Strong, Renben Win- chester.

Clerk .- v. W. Rider. City Clerk .- E. A. Ramsay. Messenger .- J. H. Clifford.

187G.

Muyor,-W. B. C. PEARSONS.

Aldermen .- Ward One, William Ruddy ; Ward Two, C. B. Harris; Ward Three, H. Springhorn ; Ward Four, S. J. Donahue; Ward Five, Maurice Lynch ; Ward Six, C. H. Heywood; Ward Seven, J. F. Allyn.

Clerk .- E. A. Ramsay.

Cininnon Councilmen .- President, G. H. Smith ; Ward One, James Barnes, John Moore, A. B. Tower ; Ward Two, Chalmers Chapin, G. Il. Smith, E. Whitaker; Ward Three, Joseph Mellor, J. N. Thayer, J. S. Webber; Ward Four, C. D. fu]- son, Daniel Ford, V. J. O'Donnell; Ward Five, B. F. Bigelow, Michael Dowuing, D. M. Manning ; Ward Six, A. D. Barker, J. E. Delaney, J. H. Newton; Ward Seven, 11. C. Ewing, S. T. Lyman, R. Winchester.

Clerk .- C. W. Rider. City Clerk .- E. A. Rumsay.

Messenger .- J. H. Clifford (deceased), J. R. Howes.

1877.

Muyor .- R. P. CRAFTS.

Aldermen .- Ward One, M. J. Tenhan ; Ward Two, G. II. Smith ; Ward Three, H. Springhorn (resigned), A. Stursberg ; Ward Four, S. J. Donahne ; Ward Five,

D. H. Donoghue; Ward Six, C. I. Heywood; Ward Seven, G. P. Ellison. ('lerk .- J. E. Delaney.

O'ammon Connrilmen .- President, C. D. Colson; Ward One, John Ford, Richard l'attee, C. O. Warner; Ward Two, Chalmers Chapin, F. I. Goodall, Isaac Tirrell ; Ward Three, A. G. Ridout, James Stafford, J. N. Thayer ; Ward Four, C. D. C'olson, Michael Lynch, M. M. Mitivier; Ward Five, Michael Cleary, Stephen Maloney, D. E. Sullivan ; Ward Six, E. W. Chapin, E. A. Ramsay, Porter Underwood ; Ward Seven, John Merrick, Edwin Perkins, John Street.

Clerk .- C. W. Rider.

('ity Clerk .- J. E. Delaney.

Messenger .- J. R. Howes.

1878.

Muyor .- llon. WILLIAM WHITING.

Board of Aldermen,-Ward One, Thomas S. Grover; Ward Two, Chas, B. Har- ris,* Geo. 11. Smith; Ward Three, A. Stursberg,t James Stafford; Ward Four, Chas. D. Colson; Ward Five, D. E. Sullivan ; Ward Six, Wm. Skinner; Ward Seven, Geo. P. Ellison.

Counnon Councilmen,- President, F. P. Goodall ; Ward One, T. L. Keough, J. W. Moore, W. E. Syms; Ward Two, F. P'. Goodall, Fred. Morrison, Isaac Tirrell ; Ward Three, A. G. Ridout, James Stafford, E. F. Sullivan; Ward Four, Jas. P.

* Died March 11, 1878. + Resigned.

CITY HALL, HOLYOKE, MASS.

917

HISTORY OF HAMPDEN COUNTY.

Casey, T. J. Ryan, Didace St. Marie; Ward Five, Stephen Maloney, Edward O'Connor, Thomas Pemlergast; Ward Six, Henry C. Cady, J. S. Mv Elwain, Levi Perkins ; Ward Seven, John Merrick, Edward Perkins, John Street.

('lerk .- Simon Brook>.

City Clerk .- James E. Delaney.

Messenger .- James R. Ilowes. 1879.

Mayor .- Hon. WILLIAM WHITING.

Aldermen,-Ward One, William Ruddy : Ward Two, Fordyce R. Norton ; Ward Three, Henry Winkler; Ward Four, Charles D. Colson ; Ward Five, Denuis E. Sullivan ; Ward Six, William Skinner: Ward Seven, William S. Perkins.

Clerk .- James E. Delaney.

Common Council .- President, John O'Donnell; Ward One, Gove C. Ainslee, James Greeley, John D. Walsh; Ward Two, Jobu E. Bronsm, John B. Hart, Frank P. Goodall ; Ward Three, John L. Martin, Patrick J. Sheridan, Michael 1. Ryan; Ward Four, Victor Guyott, Peter Me Keon, Timothy J. Ryan : Ward Five, Thomas Dillon, Michael Downing, John O'Donnell ; Ward Six, Henry ('. Cady, John & MeElwain : Levi Perkins; Ward Seven, Berijah H. Kagwin, Origen 11. Merrick, Marden W. Preutiss.

Clerk,-Sinmu Brooks,

V'ity Clerk .- James E. Delaney.

Messenger .- James R. Ilowes.

A somewhat remarkable feature in this young city is the elegance of many of the buildings, both public and private. Incorporated as a city only five years ago, it has one of the finest city-halls in the State in point of architecture and in both interior and exterior decoration. It is a granite build- ing, delightfully located on the brow of the hill at the corner of Dwight and High Streets, and is a commodious and sub-

WHITING BLOCK

WINDSOR HOTEL, HOLYOKE.

stantial structure ; the tower affords one of the most charming views of the surrounding country to be found in the Conneet-

HOLYOKE HOUSE, HOLYOKE.

jeut Valley. There are many excellent business-blocks, and two of the finest hotels in the State,-one the Windsor Hotel, recently erected by William Whiting, of the Whiting Paper

Company, and the present mayor of the city; and the other the lholyoke House, owned by Joseph C. Parsons, of the Par-

OPENS HOVED

OPERA-HOUSE, HOLYOKE.

sons Paper Company. The opera-house, erected by Mr. Whiting, and connected with the Windsor Ifotel, is one of the handsomest opera-houses in the country, and is very com- plete in all of its appointments.

THE WATER-POWER.

The rapids in the river at this point were known as the Great Rapids, or South Hadley Falls, and in a distance of one and a half miles there is a fall of 60 feet. This immense water-priv- ilege had for some time attracted the attention of capitalists ; and when, in 1847, the channel was gauged at low-water mark, and the volume of water passing found to be 6000 cubic feet per second,-equal to 30,000 horse-power,-it required no prophetic vision to discern that this would in the near future become one of the great manufacturing centres of America. It only required energy, enterprise, and capital for its develop- ment, and these were forthcoming.

In the autumn of 1846, George C. Ewing, of the firm of Fairbanks & Co., of New York, began negotiations for the property at this point, which at the close of three months were finally and satisfactorily concluded, and the transfer of about 37 acres was made in March, 1847. Soon after, the property of the Hadley Falls Company, and the mills mentioned above, were also purebased by Mr. Ewing, and thus he succeeded in accomplishing what others had failed in. Mr. Ewing is still a resident of Holyoke, and may justly point with pride to the success of his mission, which added another flourishing city to the constellation that has rendered the commonwealth of Massachusetts famous both at home and abroad.

The first company incorporated for the development of the enterprise was composed of Fairbanks & Co., of which firm Mr. Ewing was a member, together with a number of Boston and Hartford capitalists, Its capital was fixed at $4,000,000, and J. K. Mills, of Boston, was chosen treasurer ; John Chase, of Chicopee, and P. Anderson, a West Point graduate, engi- neers ; and George C. Ewing, land-agent.

The Messrs. Fairbanks withdrew from the enterprise in January, 1848, when Mr. Ewing resigned, and C. B. Rising succeeded him as land-agent. In the same year the property passed into the hands of Thomas II. Perkins, George W. Lyman, and Edmund Dwight, who were incorporated as the Hadley Falls Company, " for the purpose of constructing and maintaining a dam across the Connecticut River, and one or more locks and canals, and of creating a water-power, to be used," etc. This company was organized with a capital of $4,000,000. The purchase of 1100 acres of land was the first move made, thus enabling them to prosecute the gigantic task

918

HISTORY OF THE CONNECTICUT VALLEY.

of damming the waters of the Connecticut without let or hindrance.

The work was at once commenced, and on the morning of Nov. 19, 1848, the great dam was completed and the gates closed. The filling of the dam required several hours, and it soon became evident that the engineers had greatly underrated the pressure of the volume, as a portion of it near the centre soon gave way, and finally, at about two o'clock P.M., when the waters had nearly risen to the top, the costly structure gave way, and with a mighty roar the pent-up waters rushed down the accustomed channel.

This was a severe blow to an enterprise that was by some deemed Quixotic in its inception and prosecution, but its far- sighted progenitors saw nothing to discourage them as to the successful accomplishment of the grand projeet.

" Wise men ne'er sit and wail their loss, But cheerily seek how to redress their harms."

The building of the dam was at once renewed, and Oct. 22, 1849, was successfully completed one of the greatest engineer- ing feats of modern times. The following description of the dam, and the water-power of Holyoke, is from the pen of J. P. Buckland, a resident of the city, and may be relied upon as accurate :

" This great structure, about one-fifth of a mile in length, is flanked by abut- ments of massive masonry, and may be described in detail as the dam and the apron which now appears in front of it. The former has a base of ninety feet, and rises thirty feet above the original level of the river, It contains four million feet of sawed timber of large dimensions, all of which is submerged, and so insured against decay. A mass of concrete aud gravel protects the fout of the dam, and the npper portion is covered to the thickness of eighteen inches with solid timber, while the crest is protected its entire length with sheets of heavy boiler-iron. The dam was completed Oct. 22, 1849, and as the river ceased its flow over the rapids and rose against the ponderous harrier, thonsands watched the gathering flood with eager interest; and when the slowly rising waters reached the erest, and fell in one broad sheet to the rocky hed below, it was a time of genuine triumph for the engineers who planned the successful structure and the capitalists who built it.

" In 1868 the gradual wearing away of the rocky bed below the dam by the constant action of the falling sheet of water decided the llolyoke Water-Power Company, which, had meanwhile succeeded to all the rights and property of the Hadley Falls Company, to commence the construction of the apron which now forins the front of the original work,-an undertaking second only to the build- ing of the great dam itself in magnitude and cost. The new portion was even more massive in character than the old, and was built into the latter so as to form with it one solid structure of timber and stone. The work was completed, in 1870, at a cost of $263,000, and by rendering the further wearing of the foundations impossible establishes the durability and permanence of the dam beyond all future question. All the masonry of the abutments, bulkhead, and the waste-weir immediately below is of heavy ashlar work, built on the solid ledge, and massive enough to withstand the great pressure to which it is sub- jected. The bulkhead, one hundred and forty feet long and forty-six feet wide, is surmounted by the extensive gate-house.

"The system of canals is laid ont on a grand scale, commensurate with the volume of water to be distributed. Twelve hinge gates, each fifteen feet long by nine feet wide, and weighing more than four tous, and two others of half that width, and eleven feet in length, all operated by a water-wheel in the abutment which actuates the powerful gate-machinery, admit the water to the upper level canal. This main artery of the system, starting with a width of one hundred and forty feet, and a water-depth of twenty-two feet, extends eastward past the great water-weir about one thousand feet, and then sweepe southward in a right line for a distance of more than one mile to supply the upper tier of mills, the width gradually lessening at the rate of one foot in every hundred.

" To trace the still longer course of the level canal, we begin at its sontherly end opposite the terminus of the grund reach of the upper level, and follow it northerly for a mile and more, parallel with the first-described canal, and four hundred feet easterly from it, this portion serving as a raceway for the upper level, and also as a canal for the supply of mills below; and thence we follow it east- erly and southerly for a mile and a quarter more, at a distance of about four hundred feet from the river, this marginal portion of the second level afford- iog mill-sites along its whole lengthi, from which the water used passes directly into the river. For two thousand feet this canal has a width of one hundred and forty feet, and thence the sides gradally converge to a width of one hundred feet, which is continued to either end, the average depth of water being fifteen feet. These two canals, extending in broad parallel water-courses through the ceu- tral portion of the city, and spanned by iron bridges, from any one of which the eyo takes in the whole long stretch of water, make a unique and pleasant feature of the place. 4

"The third level canal, one hundred feet wide and ten feet deep, is also a mar- ginal canel, with mill-sites along its entire length, and beginning at the southerly end of the second level extends thirty-five hundred and fifty feet to the other termine of the same canal, thus making with the latter a line of marginal

canals around and near the whole water front of the city. The mills on the upper level have a head and fall of twenty feet, and the difference between the second and third levels in twelve feet, while that between the marginal canals nunl the river varies from twenty-three to twenty-eight fert. The upper level canal, throughout its entire length, and large portions of the others, are walled with substantial stone-work to the height of three feet above water-level.

" Three overtalls of cut granite, with suitable waste-gutes, allow the water to pass directly from each canal to the next lower, independently of the supply derived from the mills above. To maintain a uniform head in each of these canals watchmen are constantly on duty, whose sole business it is to regulate the inflow from the river, and the outflow at the several waste-weirs and over- falls; and so effective are the means employed, and so thoroughly is the system carried ont, that the height of water in either canal is not allowed during the day or night to vary one inch from the established water-level at any moment in the year. Whether the mille are running or idle, the long lines of canal are always full to the prescribed gange mark ; a constant quantity in time of winter foods and summer droughts alike, making a pleasing and profitable contrast in the experience of the manufacturers who have removed hither from the water- powers which fluctuate between abundance and scarcity."

THE HOLYOKE WATER-POWER COMPANY.

In the year 1857 the Hadley Falls Company failed, and the property, consisting of about 1100 aeres of land, the reservoir, gas-works, and the Hadley Falls machine-shops, now known as the Hadley Thread Company, was purchased by the late Alfred Smith, of Hartford, Conn., for the sum of $325,000, and the Holyoke Water-Power Company was incorporated in June, 1859, with a capital of $350,000. George M. Bartholo- mew, of Hartford, Conn., is president, and William A. Chase is agent and treasurer. This water-power has its own unit of measurement, called a " mill-power," and is described as fol- lows in the deeds of the water-power company :

" Each mill-power at the respective falls is declared to be the right, during sixteen hours in a day, to draw from the nearest canal or water-course of the grantors, and through the land to be granted, thirty-eight cubic feet of water per second at the upper fall, when the head and fall there is twenty fect, or a quantity inversely proportionate to the height at the other falls."

In the language of Judge Buckland, "one of these mill- powers is equivalent in round numbers to sixty-five horse- powers, and when a site for a mill or shop is taken, the requi- site number of mill-powers is conveyed to the occupant by an indenture of perpetual lease, the form of which is never varied. The last purchaser takes the same rights in kind as those who have preceded him or those who will come after, until the sales shall have reached that safe limit of available power which has been resolved upon. Having entered into such an indenture, the mill-owner, relieved of all anxiety or expense of maintaining the dam and canals, confident of the permanence and safety of the great hydraulic system, and secure in the guarantees of the corporation which controls it, pays his semi-annual rental, finds the canal always full at his head-gate, and makes his plans and contracts with the assu- rance that his due allowance of motive-power will be always forthcoming,-a motive-power which is furnished at a rate so cheap as to be almost nominal when compared with the pre- vailing rates of rental in other parts of the country, or with steam-power, or with the cost of water-power derived from streams of the average size.

" If the cost of the dam and canals at Holyoke was large, the number of mill-powers obtained was still larger proportionally, thus reducing the cost of a single one far below the average ontlay required to obtain the same amount of power by a dam and canal on a smaller stream ; and the same principle applies to the expense of maintenance. The annual rental per mill- power is 260 ounces of silver of the standard fineness of the coinage of 1859, which is in practice paid in current funds, and amounts to about $300 a year or $4.62 per horse-power, an expense so small as to be hardly an appreciable item in the cost of any manufacture. The prices charged for water-power vary so widely in different sections of the country, and the comparative value of such power depends so much on locality, accessibility, and other natural conditions, that no stated com- parison is here attempted between the annual rental ahove given and the ruling rates elsewhere; but if the reader takes

919

HISTORY OF HAMPDEN COUNTY.

the trouble to institute such a comparison, it will not only be found that the cost of water-power here is far less than the average rental throughout the country, whether paid as water-rent, or in the form of interest and maintenance, but also that to-day, all things considered, Holyoke affords the cheapest and most desirable manufacturing power in the world."

MANUFACTURING INTERESTS.

Of the manufacturing interests of this enterprising city, that of paper occupies the foremost rank, and to this industry is chiefly due its present world-wide reputation as a manufactur- ing centre.

THE PARSONS PAPER COMPANY.

The first company formed for the manufacture of paper in Holyoke was what is known as the " Parsons Paper Com- pany," named from its treasurer and agent, Mr. J. C. Par-

PARSON'S PAPER COMPANY

PARSONS PAPER COMPANY, HOLYOKE.

sons, who is a veteran in the manufacture, having been in the business nearly 40 years, beginning as manager of the Ames Paper Company at Northampton. The buildings of this company are situated on the river-bank near the dam, and were built in 1853. They are two in number,-the main mill, where the paper is made, and what is known as the finishing-mill, where it is finished. The former is a brick structure three stories and a basement high. The upper floor and attic are devoted to drying purposes, while the second story contains the storehouse and rag-rooms. About 175 per- sons are employed on the two floors. On the ground-floor is the engine-room, which contains sixteen 450-pound and four- teen 250-pound engines, The mill has three Fourdrinier machines, two of them 62-inch and the other 72-inch. It

OFFICE AND FINISHING-MILLS, HOLYOKE. has two bleach-boilers, of 33 and 23 tons respectively, and 4 sheet calenders and a web calender and 2 hydraulic presses.

The finishing-mill is also situated on the bank of the river, a short distance from the other mill, and, like that, is a brick structure three stories high. The attic and third floor are used for packing, and on the second floor the paper is reeled and jogged. On the first floor are eight 6-roll calenders and three powerful hydraulic presses, and in the basement is a box- factory and plating-machine. This company makes a spe- cialty of fine writing and envelope papers, white and tinted ; also cardboard. Capacity of mill, 82 tons per day.

The officers of the company are as follows: Aaron Bagg, President ; J. C. Parsons, Treasurer and Agent; and J. S. McElwain, Secretary.

THE VALLEY PAPER COMPANY.

These mills are located on the elbow of the second-level canal, near the bridge. The main building, built in 1864, is

OMPANY

KKE

VALLEY PAPER COMPANY, HOLYOKE.

of brick, three stories high, with attic and basement, and has a central wing extending toward the river, which was erected in 1877. The attic and upper stories are used for drying the freshly-made sheets, and the second floor is oceupied as a rag- packing department and office. The mill is supplied with seven 450-pound engines and six sets of calenders, a 62-inch Fourdrinier, a 23-ton bleach-boiler, and the only Piper's new patent double-ruling machine made.

The enterprise was founded originally by Mr. David M. Butterfield, formerly a finisher at Parsons' mills. It manu- factures fine writing and envelope paper, and has a capacity of 23 tons per day.

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History of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts, with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Vol. II, Part 120

Author: L.H. Everts & Co Publication date: 1879 Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts Number of Pages: 896

Author: L.H. Everts & Co
Publication date: 1879
Publisher: Philadelphia : Louis H. Everts
Number of Pages: 896