USA > Michigan > St Clair County > History of the St. Clair County, Michigan, containing an account of its settlement, growth, development and resources.. > Part 71
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200,000
Lexington . R. B. Dimond
Water.
1
150,000
Newport
Lexington
1
5
18
J. L. Kelsey. Smith ..
3 2,700,000
2 1,250,000
1
463
HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY.
A bill of lumber from D. B. Harrington, March 29, 1818: " Memorandum of humber bought of D. B. Harrington, by H. Norton & Co .: 300,000 feet of pine Inmber: 200,000 feet. to be taken by H. Norton & Co. by month of May. H. Norton & Co. agree to pay for mer. chantable $6, for culls $3. for clear $12. D. B. Harrington agrees to deliver the same from his dock, at the above-named prices. Inspection to be made by Mr. Throop." In 1869, mer- chantable sold for $13 and $16, culls at $7 and $S, and clear at $12.
The capital invested in pine lands in 1817 was immense. For instance, the Black River Steam Mill Co. had 7,000 acres. Rogers & Co.'s mill. near Almont. had S,000 acres. The mills in St. Clair County, where some 30,000,000 feet were made, own some 30,000 acres. It is fair estimate to put the money invested in lands for this business at half a million of dollars. The number of persons employed in all branches of it, from the felling of trees to turning it out of the mill, could not be less than 8,000. The markets out of the State are Chicago, Milwaukee. the Wabash Canal, Ohio, Oswego and Buffalo. In 1854, the number of feet of luunber and logs produced by the forests of St. Clair and Sanilae was 115, 090,000; valued at SIO per thousand. yieldod $1. 150,000.
We publish below a carefully preparol table showing the amount of lumber which it was estimated would be manufactured during the year 1852, by the soveral mills betwoon Point au Barques on Lake Huron and Algonac: In regard to the number of saws, the uprights only are mentioned in the tabie.
OWNERS AND LOCATION.
OWNERS AND LOCATION.
POWER SAWS AMI LI ME'R
J. Bird, Port au Barques
Water
$00,000
Walter Chase, Clyde
Water 3 600,000
J. Gim, Port an Barques.
Water
1 400,000
Bunce & Brother, Clyde. Water
600.000
P. F. Brakeman & Co., Mill Cr. Water
1.000,000
D. B Harrington. Port Huron Water
1,000,000
Whitcomb & Co., White Rock. . Water
$00,000
W. Davis, Port Huron .. Steam
2,000,000
J. Hurd, Ilurds. . . Steam
1 100,000
W. B. Hibbard & Co., Pt. Huron Steam
3,000,000
Beach, Inley & Co., Cherry Cr. Steam
10
3.000,000
Howard & Boche, Port Huron .. . Steam 2 2,000 000
3,000 000
Breckenbridge, Foot's Bay.
Steam
1
$00.000
S. Petit & Co., Port Huron .. . . . Steam
1
1.000,000
Harder, Sanilac.
1
1,000,000
M. Williams, Port Huron .. Steam
1 2.000,000
linkson, Sanilac.
Water
1
300,000 300,000
Black River Steam Mill Co., P. H. Steam
8 3,000,000
S. Hardy, Sanilac.
Water 1
Z. W Bunce. Port Huron. Water
Water
400,000
G. S Lester, Worth.
Steam
3 2.000,000
R. Moore, St. Clair.
Steam
3 3,500,000
1. Buel, Lexington ...
Steam
1
1.000,000
W. Trusdail, St. Clair
Steam
1,500,000
Davis & Co., Lexington
Water
$00,000
St. Clair, St. Clair.
Steam
1,000,000
1. L. Woods & Co., Worth.
Stram
2,000,000
Parker, St. Clair. Steam
3.000,000
R. B. Dimond, Worth
Water
1 100,000
Smith, St. Clair. Steam
1 800,000
1. Burtch, Burtehville
Steam
2,000,000
4. P. Robinson & Co., St. Clair Steam
C
3.000.000
Congers. Burtchville.
Water 1
200,000
Chamberlain & Ogden, St. Clair Steam
3,000,000
B. C. Farrand. Lakeport
Steam
4.000,000
Peabody & Reamer, China. . ... Steam
1,000,000
1. Pettys, Burtehville Water
1
200,000
Old Mill, Newport. Steam
2,000,000
Sweetser & Sanborn, Worth
Water
100,000
Rust & Co., Newport. Steam
3,000,000
A. Comstock. Worth.
Water
300,000
1. B. Parker, Newport.
Steam
2,000,000
J. & J. Beard. Clyde
Water
1,500,000
Brooks & St. Clair, Algonar Steam
2 3.000.00)
R. Wadhams, Clyde
Water
1,500,000
Brooks & St. Clair, Algonac Steam
3,000,000
Smith, Dwight & Co., Lynn. Water
400,000
Daniels & Ripley, Algonac. Stram
2,500,000
1 .. Brockway, Brockway
Water
600,000
.1. Il. Westbrook, Brockway. Water
100,000
Total amount of lumber ..
92,900,000
Gilbert, Crowell & Co., Cherry Cr Stram
3,000,000
J. Miller & Co., Port Huron. . . . Steam
1 1,000,00
Thompson & Co., Bark Shanty. Steam Steam
1 1,000,000
E. P. Vickery, Port Huron. . . . . Steam
600,000
R. B. Hubbard & Co., Lexington. Steam
1.000,000
A. Bartlett, St. Clair.
Previous to 1517, St. Clair had done almost exclusively a lumbering business, and had not raised a sufficient quantity of grain for their own consumption. Northern Macomb had found a good market for a portion of her surplus. The towns of Berlin, Riley, Columbus and Wales rapidly settled in 1846 45, and their surplus of wheat, yearly angmenting, urged the erection of a flouring mill in 1817. Oel Ris, of Riley, erected a flour mill in that town, with two run of stone. Mr. Earl also erected one with two run, in the town of Richmond, joining Colum- bus, the same year.
464
HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY.
THE BANK OF ST. CLAIR
Was incorporated March 28, 1836. Charles Kimball, Samuel Ward, John Clark, H. N. Mon- son, C. Sanborn. D. B Harrington and Ralph Wadhams were appointed Commissioners to receive subscriptions to the capital stock. This stock was stated to be $100,000, divided into 2.000 shares of $50 each.
The act to incorporate the stockholders of the Bank of St. Clair, approved March 28, 1836, was repealed by act approved May 7, 1846.
The Bank of St. Clair received permission of the Legislature to remove from St. Clair to Detroit, on a resolution of the President and Directors of the bank being recorded in the office of the Secretary of State.
The act for the relief of the Bank of St. Clair was approved March 19, 1840, when it was ordered that only a tax of one-half of one per cent be levied on the capital stock, as provided in charter.
The currency bill was brought forward to " authorize the anticipation of certain install- ments of the five million loan. As placed before the Legislature of Michigan, it simply proposed to take the funds of the State, and loan them to the banking associations of Detroit City, to be used by those associations as a basis for the extension of their circulation, until 1841. Attorney Witherell, then member of the Legislature, moved that the Bank of St. Clair be added to the city banks named in the bill, which motion was agreed to. Subsequently, Senator Gridley, of Jackson, moved to reconsider the vote admitting the Bank of St. Clair. This resulted in a lengthy debate, and the defeat of the motion by a vote of nine against the question for reconsideration, anl eight in favor of reconsideration. Senator Summers reviewed the condition of the Bank of St. Clair, and compared it with the banks named in the bill. The charter of the Bank of St. Clair was granted by the Legislature of the State of Michigan; the private property of the stockholders, both real and personal, is bound for the payment of the issues of the bank. The two city banks were chartered by the Legislative Council, and the private property of the stockholders was not bound; they are foreign stockholders, and the money paid in is all the security the people have. "Which," said Mr. S., " is the best security ? Look at the different situations of the banks. Had the General Government made a deposit with the Bank of St. Clair, or has the Bank of St. Clair asked for favor from the General Govern- ment ? But what is the case with the city banks? Are they not calling on the General Government to give them time? and is not the Legislature going to give them time ?
Senator Jones stated, during the debate, that this bank had a circulation of $130,000 in Ohio: while the circulation in Michigan was only $10,000. It was one of the few healthy financial institutions of the times.
THE OIL-WELL BOOM IN ST. CLAIR COUNTY.
Situated as are the principal oil fields of this country close to the great centers of pop- ulation, the growth of a town or a territory where a new strike was made was more rapid and more wonderful in all features than that brought on by the discovery of any other great source of wealth Pithote flashed up from a single house to a city of 30,000 in less than six months. and when the territory was exhausted its decline was equally rapid. A hundred other places have the same history, on a slightly smaller scale. Bradford went from 300 to three times 3.000 atmost before the natives could fairly realize what had happened: and Richburg and Bolivar, quiet country towns, grew into thriving cities, but are already on the decline. Oil Springs, Marthaville, Petrolia and other places in the little monarchy beyond the St. Clair, sprang into existence as if by magic. Oil Springs fell as suddenly as it grew up, so that, when visited by the writer in 1878, it presented the truest picture of decay which can be con- ceived.
The oil boom in St. Clair County was very systematic, for a craze. Evidences of oil were presented in 1863; strengthened in 1861: accomplished facts in 1865. The scenes that fol- lowed can hardly be imagined by one who has never witnessed the rise and fall of an oil town, and even the oldest producers are surprised almost beyond expression. Men grew wild, and bought and sold as they have never dealt before. But at the wells the greatest transfor- mations occurred. A few days ago, there was a single horse, a farmer's residence, and a few
HISTORY OF ST CLAIR COUNTY. 165
hundred acres of cleared land near a well, for instance. Now there are large hotels, scores of business places and honses, hundreds of excited mon thronging through the muddy roads. derricks rising on every hand, a railroad proposed to be built to every well, others pushing rap- idly toward it, and still another projected. Every train to the " jumping-off place " is crowded: men even on the tops of the coaches. Producers, land agents, merchants, drillers, speculators, adventurers overywhere. Men spoke only of thousands of dollars. Mon were wild.
In December, 1863, a boring for oil was made in the vicinity of Lake Port. When a depth of thirty tivo foet was reached. oil appeared on the water which then began to flow.
In January. 1861. a company undertook to sink a well on the Pulsifer farm, south of Black River, about four miles from Port Huron. At a depth of fifty seven feet the water was found impregnated with oil. The White well on this farm reached a depth of 115 feet in Feb ruary. 1565, and produced one barrel per day.
In February, 1565, the Baker well, at Lakeport, reached a depth of ninety . three feet with- out striking rock. Within twenty-Four hours, the oil flow was reported between thirty and forty barrels.
The Howard, Johnson & Co. oil well was bogun February IS, 1565, one fourth of a mile southeast of the Baker well. The Gratiot Oil Company commenced boring February 16. 1565. a half mile south of the Baker well.
Lands in the vicinity of Lake Port sold for $1,000 per acre in the spring of 1565.
The Petrolium Board of Exchange organized at Port Huron in February, 1565, with John Hibbard, President: F. A Harrington. Secretary: and E. M. Carrington. Treasurer.
The Gratiot Petroleum Company was organized in February, 1565, with a capital of $500,000.
John Miller was chosen President. W. B Hibbard, Vice President, and Alexander Elmore. Secretary and Treasurer. John Hibbard. Cyrus Miles, B. P. Hutchinson. H. W. Hanson and N. P. Brainerd, with the officers, formed the Board of Directors.
The Huron Petroleum Company, of Toledo, purchased 500 acres of land near Lakeport, in the spring of 1565. The company was organized with a capital of $100,000. The officers were 1. S. Norton, President : C. B. Phillips, Vice President: H. H. P. Platt. Secretary; Nehemiah Waterman, Treasurer. C. A. King. D. B. Smith, O. White, R. Cummings J. Stevens and H. Hall, Directors.
The Michigan Petroleum Company, of Detroit. was organized in February, 1565. The capital subscribed was $ 12.500; nominal capital, $500,000. W. A. Butler. President; H. E. Benson, Vice President : W. D. Morton, Treasurer; and Alvan Wilkins Secretary.
The Port Huron Petroleum Company, was organized in February, 1865, with A. S. Berry, Pros- ident and Treasurer, R A. Cop, Secretary, John Johnson. R. W. King. W. B. Hibbard and 1. S. Berry, Directors. This company purchased the Howard, Johnson & Co. oil lands, near Lake Port. The same month, two wells were bored, one ou Oil Creek.
Up to March 22, IS65, no less than ten oil wells were bored two by the Port Huron Co., one each by the Gratiot Co., Fish & Co .. Funk, Chicago & St Clair Co., Brockway & Co., one by Harbeek & Co., near the head-waters of Black River, and two by the Messrs. White.
During these stirring times, the local wags were not idle. One of these characters, who took every misfortune with enviable pleasure, contributed the following record of a well, which he termed the Munchansen Well:
Cooking butter
Substitutes .. Bounty money
Mush and milk
Greenbacks ..
1
Cod liver oil.
Peace proposition
Billy Patterson ·)
Lawyers
Quinine.
-1
Brimstone
Brigadier generals.
Milk of human kindness 1
Sardines. ..
3
Turtle soup.
A leak. 1
Lottery tickets
1
Bear's oil.
Total 100
For higher wages
10
XXX ak ..
1
30
466
HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY.
In March, 1865, A. & H. Fish & Co. began work on their well near the Fish Saw Mill, four miles west of the city.
Chicago enterprise was represented almost in every quarter of the county. From the East, too, wise men came to seize npon the channels of liquid gold.
The following reference to the mineral well, near Lapeer Avenne Schoolhouse, of July 13, 1870, goes to prove that, even after the lapse of five years. this undignified cynicism existed:
Specific gravity. 1.01375
Ox (h)ide of Durham (tail). 33,783
Temperature (Fah.).
572
Ox (h)ide of iron from seraps procured at
Chloride of sodium (Onondaga).
22,817
the Phoenix Iron Works and carefully placed in the well). 782,002
Chloride of sodium (Saginaw) 17,211
Chloride of sodium (St. Clair). 187,438
Carbureted hydrogen. . 68,017
Chloride of lime .. .
107,590
Carbureted hydrogen (extract Gas works) .. 49,701
Carbolic acid.
41.729
Sulphureted eggs (decayed). 103,024
Sulphate of soda (water sarsaparilla syrup)
4,072
Sublimate of leather (old shoes). 27,991
Sulphate of asafoetida ..
112,081 Lithia a trace.
13,201
Bicar. of potash (tinc. grease de savon) ...
49,342 lodide of aqua fortis.
Bicar. of pomme de terre (parings). 11,830 Solid contents in one Imperial gallon (grs. ). . 21, 782,437
Phosphate of buckwheat (cooked). 16,411 Total carbonic acid (cubie inches). 292,944
During the year 1870, the magnetic wells claimed the attention of many peculiar spirits. The following paper is one of many specimens of their legal and literary tastes:
STATE OF MICHIGAN,
COUNTY OF ST. CLAIR, S.
On this 14th day of July, before me a Notary Public in aforesaid county, personally appeared, Ignatz Peterchoff, who, being duly sworn, deposes and says: I am now one hundred and nine years old; reside in St. Pe- tersburg; am teacher of elocution in the Russian Court ; have been deaf and dumb from my birth until the 9th inst. On the 10th of last April, at 374 minutes past one o'clock in the morning, I had a vision telling me to come to Port Huron and he cured of my infirmities. I came, and, after using the water two days, could hear and talk with perfect case. This morning I received a cable dispatch from the Czar instructing me to offer Prof. Barnes a Siberian squirrel for exhibition in his next show, if he would dig up the well and move it to St. Petersburg. IGNATZ PETERCHOFF.
Sworn and subscribed to, before me, this 13tb day of July, 1870.
H. G. BARNUMTON, Notary Public St. Clair County.
Regarding those old times, a contributor says: " We cannot fail to remember the lively times created by the supposed discovery of the existence of oil in this region. Many most prominent citizens were attacked with great violence by the oil fever, which finally settled down to 'oil on the brain,' when the antics enacted by the patients afforded very general amusement for the outsiders who had escaped the contagion. The brigade with 'oil on the brain' pitched in lively, leased or bought up something less than a million of acres of exceed - ingly rich 'oil lands,' and, digging a number of holes in the ground, rented a room. fitted it up, and opened an 'Oil Exchange!' For a time, the meetings at the 'Exchange' were crowded with ' big fish ' from Toledo, Chicago, Milwaukee, etc., who bit lively at the oil lands' so temptingly displayed -and to their intense satisfaction became the happy possessors of large interests in the lands from which oceans of oil were soon to be flowing! Regular muinutes of the meetings of the Board were kept by the Secretary: a copy of which we acci- dentally came across the other day, from which the following racy extracts are made:
" March 9, 1865-Meeting at usual hour.
A general panse in oil speculation! Many faces elongated- a constant inquiry and anxiety about the quantity of oil in the Baker Well. " March 10- Meeting at usual hour. Members not very prompt in attendance; but those present still anxious about the quantity of oil in the Baker Well. Many hopes, doubts and fears; while some stiff-backed gents offer to wager on (quantity. " March 11 Met at usnal hour. Numbers decreasing. W. B -- migrates to Western parts, to get nearer the setting sun; supposed to be where 'hope deferred,' etc., distance lends enchantment.' etc. An anxiety to sell oil territory a little lower.
"March 12 -- Met at usnal hour. Secretary gone to Detroit, to keep up courage of a few
desponding purchasers. The Baker Well to be measured. Good news from said well sends a thrill of hope to many a weary millionaire.
" March 13-Met at usual hour. Attendance growing beautifully less. Baker Well has been measured by State Geologist (no printed report): from six inches to a foot of oil in it: a
407
HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY.
good prospect of an entire failure of the well until again dig deeper. President gone to con cert-needs a little choering up.
" March 14 Meeting of a few to read the daily papers: long, steady faces, proposing to hold on for future developments. A sample of the oil from the Baker Well deodorized by J. N ; a 'splendid ' article; pronounced neither Enniskillen or Penna. oil. Hope risos: a permanent foeling pervading members not to buy or sell.
" March 15 Met at usnat hour. More hope and some discouragement: the White Well is roaring with gas! White sanguine, but Harris has got the tools fast in the well. A few new arrivals from Chicago -plucky fellows but can't see that flowing well. H -, confident and sound on oil; he is about to dig a big hole in the ground where he found the 'oil word.' He's some on oil!
" March 16 -Met at usual hour. President and Sperotary alone in their glory. Dark dreary, lonely, muddy, rainy day; all operations at a standstill: President thinks the New York Herald a very good paper; editor of Port Huron Press stops in for an item; he may get it.
" March 17 -Good news from the different wells, Som feel better, not that they have struck oil, but that the draft has not struck them. Excitement on the draft has the inside track. Funk is fast closing up on the first wells, and he is in a fair way to outstrip them all. Go in, Funk!
" March 25- A goodly muuber of hopeful, strong believers in oil present. So far, had a rather dark week: but can see no lack of confidence among the ' true blues.' Gratiot Co. down SO feet, clay and sand, saturated with petroleum; Haron Co. progressing with fair prospects. Stock, generally, does not run up as much as it does down.
" April 1-All Fools' Day opens rich. W. B- sconts the whirlwind of Petroleum . from afar. and starts up to Gratiot Co.'s hole in the ground; returns tate at night, having found oil and gas! The President grows young and nimble, jumps into the bucket and goes down to the bottom to make a sure thing of it. He swears, by the Great Jehovah. it's genuine black oil: ents a pigeon wing in the hole and risas to the surface again."
Aftor this, oil matters gradually assumed a deep blue the good natured President out no more pigeon wings, our Chicago, Milwaukee and Toledo friends faded from view the " Ex change " was closed, and naught remains to remind us of the "oily era " of "65, save a viation a shelf before us, which onee contained the " genuine " article from the Baker Well!
A RETROSPECT.
St. Clair County, to-day rojoicing in the pride of its strength, teeming with wealth and glittering in the sunlight of a prosperity that startles the visitor into a smile of glades was, even in 1535. a wilderness almost as unbroken as when John Nicolet. in 1632 34. visited this section. The historian takes up the thread of life since then, as tangled by events, slowly. What prompted the pioneers to their advent into this land? Was it that spirit of adventure which impelled the cavaliers of the olden time to pursue with eagerness the phant an of ; he pe into the East? Was it a sense of duty, which first found expression in the New World in 1820. on Plymouth Rock? Perhaps, after all, it was only that they might better their condition- might find cheap lands and soon obtain comfortable homes. But many of them are dead, and the inquirer, who has seen so many of his idols turned to clay, and his ideals perish. comes naturally, by and by, to the tim> when he analyze-, such and such things have happened why? Such and such men have passed away -how? Such and such events have lighted up the sky of advancing civilization, as a meteor might the physical. Whence do they proceed ? The men who came to the front, and laid the foundations for this continuons and lovely land scape of nature, glimmering like a gom in its emerald setting, belonged to a regime that is fast giving place to an enterprise which, though greater, is less earnest, because providence and nature more materially aid man's ambitions. They were the grizzled grenadiers in the umy of pioneers, who never. in any sudden storm or rally, desperate meler or sorrowful on counter, forgot to doff their plumed hats to an adversary and ery ont, through their gray mas
468
HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY.
*
taches, as they shortened their sword-arm, " En garde!" It may be anything or nothing, but the one thing certain about it all is they were the enterprising spirits who laid the foundation for this teeming wealth and sunny prosperity. Though dead, they live again. Not alone in the promised land beyond the swift Borysthems, but in the land they prepared for after gener- ations. Many of the prominent actors in the prelude are dead, but the drama goes on, and will last until the human race has run its course, and the wide firmament is rolled up like a scroll. Many of the singers are dead, but their song has gone on; out of the darkness has come a light, out of the sorrow an exceeding joy. The present should profit by the past, and take examples from the views of these, which shall make heart and home happy, better men, citizens and Americans. The present should be admonished by the past, to labor with equal diligence for the personal blessings of health of body, vigor of mind and success in life, as
also for the blessings promised in the life to come.
Bnt the hard hands which prepared the way for the fruitful fields which grew from the wilds of the county; for filling its cities and towns with the habitations of men, seminaries of learning, public edifices and other evidences of a pronounced prosperity, are quietly folded in their mother earth, and it must be of interest to those who enjoy their possessions, to know when, where, and by whom civilization was com- menced, and to learn some of the incidents connected with the first settlements, as also with the steps by which St. Clair County has attained the importance claimed by its inhabitants and conceded by its neighbors.
ILESTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY
ROADS AND RAILWAYS
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470
HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY.
The aet approved April 7. 1846, authorized Abner Smith, George Judson and William Young to lay out a road from the village of Corunna, in Shiawassee County, via Romeo, to St. Clair Village.
The road from Almont, in Lapeer County, to Port Huron, was established Apri 15, 1846, and Joshna Tompkins. Daniel B. Harrington and James H. Andrews appointed Commis- sioners.
The Detroit & Port Huron Plank Road Co. was incorporated under authority of act ap- proved March 9, 1844. Jonathan Kearsley, Porter Kibbee, William Lewis and John Heath were appointed Commissioners.
The State road from Lexington to Point aux Barques was authorized to be built March 9. 1844.
The State road from Palmer, or St. Clair, to the village of Riley, was authorized March 17, 1547, with John Grinnell as Commissioner.
The St. Clair & Romeo Turnpike Co. was incorporated March 24, 1845, with Timothy Morse, Jarvis Hurd, Alfred Ashley. Aldis L. Rich, Neil Gray, Jr., Asahel Bailey and Thaddeus Hazelton, Commissoners.
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