History of Saint Louis City and County, from the earliest periods to the present day: including biographical sketches of representative men, Part 1

Author: Scharf, J. Thomas (John Thomas), 1843-1898
Publication date: 1883
Publisher: Philadelphia : L.H. Everts
Number of Pages: 1358


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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN ILL. HIST. SURVEY


HISTORY


OF


SAINT LOUIS CITY


AND


COUNTY,


FROM THE EARLIEST PERIODS TO THE PRESENT DAY :


INCLUDING


BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF REPRESENTATIVE MEN.


BY


J. THOMAS SCHARF,


AUTHOR OF "CHRONICLES OF BALTIMORE;" "HISTORY OF MARYLAND;" "HISTORY OF BALTIMORE CITY AND COUNTY ;" MEMBER OF THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY AND ACADEMY OF SCIENCES; MEMBER OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENN- SYLVANIA; HONORARY MEMBER OF THE GEORGIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY; CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETIES OF NEW YORK, WISCONSIN, MINNESOTA, SOUTH CAROLINA, AND VIRGINIA; OF THE HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHIICAL SOCIETY OF OHIO; OF THE NEW ENGLAND HISTORIC-GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY, ETC., ETC.


IN TWO VOLUMES, ILLUSTRATED.


VOL. II.


PHILADELPHIA : LOUIS H. EVERTS & CO. 1883.


Copyright, 1883, by LOUIS H. EVERTS & Co.


PRESS OF J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., PHILADELPHIA.


Schlh


SURVEY Vr


CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.


CHAPTER XXV.


PAGE


St. Louis as a Centre of Trade.


989


CHAPTER XXVI.


CHAPTER XXXVI.


The Mississippi River and its Tributaries.


1037


CHAPTER XXVII.


CHAPTER XXXVII.


Navigation on the Mississippi River


1087


CHAPTER XXVIII.


River Comincrec of St. Louis.


1123


CHAPTER XXIX.


Railroads


1139


CHAPTER XXX.


Trade. Commerce, and Manufactures 1213


CHAPTER XXXI.


Commercial Exchanges.


1340


CHAPTER XXXII.


Banks, and other Financial Institutions, and Bankers ... 1367


CHAPTER XXXIII.


Insurance-Telegraph-Postal Service-Gas-Hotels ... 1414


CHAPTER XXXIV.


Bench and Bar


1449


County of St. Louis.


1870


ILLUSTRATIONS OF VOLUME II.


PAGE


PAGE


Alkire, Josiah


.facing 1239


Byrne, John, Jr facing 1036


American Baptist Publication Society 1673


Cahokia in 1840. 1072


Bailey, G. W.


.facing 1506


Carondelet, Plat of .. .facing 1864


Barclay, Shepard


1510


Carondelet in 1840 1865


Barnes, Robert A.


1388


Castello, Charles. .facing 1888


Barnett, George I 1435


Chamber of Commerce .: 1359


Barr, William, Dry-Goods Company. 1296 Charless, Joseph facing 1390


Barret, R. A.


facing 1508


Christy, A.


66


1070


Bates, Edward


1464


Clark, W. G.


1326


Belcher Sugar Refinery


1243


Comstock, T. Gris


1561


Bent, Joseph K. facing 1366


County Court-House


1876


Billon, F. L.


1593


Cummings, J. K


facing 1282


Bissell, Daniel.


facing 1856


Custom-House and Post-Office


1437


Black, William S., Residence of.


1880


Davis, Samuel C. & Co


1297


Blewett, B. T.


Day, F. 0.


facing 1298


Bofinger, J. N.


66 1120


Dodd, Brown & Co.


1302


Bogy, L. V


1492


Dorriss, G. P


facing 1862


Boyd, Rev. W. W


.facing 1678


Dousman, HI. L


66 1620


Branch, J. W.


1270


Dozier, James


1236


Brookmire, J. H


1240


Dyer, D. P


1505


Brown, A. D


1318


Eads, J. B


1051


Brown, J. C.


66


1178


Easton, A. R. facing 1456


1454.


Buck, M. M


1274


Easton, Rufus


CHAPTER


XXXV.


PAGE


The Medical Profession.


1515


Culture and Literary Growth in St. Louis.


1587


Art and Artists


1617


CHAPTER XXXVIII.


Music and Musicians


1628


CHAPTER XXXIX.


Religious Denominations


1635


CHAPTER XL.


Religious, Benevolent, Social, Secret, and other Organi-


zations.


1752


CHAPTER XLI.


Prominent Events-Mobs and Riots-Duels-Military


-The Towns of Carondelet, Herculaneum, and East


St. Louis


1820


CHAPTER XLII.


1878


iv


ILLUSTRATIONS OF VOLUME II.


PAGE


Famous Shoe and Clothing Company. 1317


Farrar, B. G.


1519


Moses, S. Gratz.


1531


First Baptist Church Building in Missouri. 1670


Nicholson, David.


1242


First Presbyterian Church.


1703


Nidelet, J. C.


1540


Paramore. J. W.


1198


Gale, D. B. "


1238


Garrison, D. R


1170


Gast, August


1335


Plant, George P


1232


German Protestant Orphans' Home .. 1916


Pope, Charles A


1530


Geyer, Henry S


1462


Post, Rev. T. M.


1745


Good Samaritan Hospital.


1565


Powell, R. W


facing 1419


Goodell, Rev. C. L.


facing 1746


Pratt, Thomas,


1439


Gould, D. B.


1616


Primm, Wilson


1488


Green, Charles


1816


Green, William W. 66


1104


Robertson, Right Rev. C. F.


66


1717


Hackemeier, Franz. 1917


Haggerty, W. H.


facing 1306


Harrison, Edwin


1266


Harrison, James.


1264


Hill, B. A.


Hodgen, John T.


1534


Humphrey, F. W. & Co.


1307


Jaccard, D. C.


.facing 1320


Jaccard, E., Jewelry Company.


1319


Jackson, John


facing 1227


James, Samuel.


1889


January, D. A.


1351


Johnson, John B


1532


Kennard, J.


facing 1304


Kenrick, Archbishop


1644


Kingsland, Philip.


facing 1262


Kirkwood Seminary, View of


1908


Kline, Lewis E


1673


Lackland, R. J.


1402


Larimore, J. W


1230


Larimore, N. G.


1229


Leeds, E. N 66


1418


Liggett & Myers Tobacco Company.


1248


Lindell Hotel.


1444


Lionberger, John R. facing 1086


Lucas, J. B. C


1408


Lucas, James H.


1419


Lucas, James H., Residence of


1412


Walsh, Julius. 1208


Watson, James S. 1394


Wear, J. H., Boogher & Co


1300


McKendree, Bishop 1685


McPheeters, W. M facing 1528


Merrell, J. S. " 1288


Meyer, C. F. G


facing


1290


Parsons. Charles.


1398


Peters, Joseph. 1328


Rayburn, French


facing 1260


Rubelmann, George A


1280


Ryan, P. J., Right Rev


1645


Samuel, E. M. facing 1396


66


Schnaider, Joseph. 1333


Scholten, John


1334


Schotten, William


1246


Schulenburg, R.


1324


Scruggs, R. M


1299


Scudder, John A.


1118


Second Baptist Church.


1677


Section of Pier St. Louis Bridge


1077


Senter, W. M facing 1362


Shapleigh, A. F


1278


Simmons Hardware Company


1276


Sire, Joseph A. facing 1250


1523


Southern Hotel.


1448


Stevens, Charles W


1529


St. Louis Bridge .. facing 1074


St. Louis Cotton Exchange.


1362


St. Louis Grain Elevator ..


1227


Swon, J. C facing 1102


Talmage, A. A


1166


Vallé, Jules


66


1268


Van Studdiford, Henry .


1525


Walker, G. S


1562


Walsh, Edward


1162


Marquette on the Mississippi River. 1636


Martin, Edward .. facing 1307


Westermann, H 1285


Wolff, M. A facing 1037


Forsyth, Robert .. facing 1294


PAGE


Smith, E. B


1502


HISTORY


OF THE


CITY AND COUNTY OF SAINT LOUIS.


CHAPTER XXV.


ST. LOUIS AS A CENTRE OF TRADE.


ST. LOUIS being located in the heart of the Missis- sippi valley, in which are produced immense supplies of breadstuffs, meats, fruits, and vegetables, accessible by fifteen thousand miles of navigable rivers, with her grand network of railroads penetrating all portions of this vast valley, furnishing quick and cheap transpor- tation for all the products of the soil, it must be ap- parent that at no other place in the world where labor is remunerative can staple provisions of the same quality be furnished cheaper than at St. Louis.


Next to provisions in the cost of family expenses is that of house-rent, or, differently stated, the expense of living in one's own house. The house represents capital, and it costs the owner as much to live in it as it does the lessee, in either case the net rental being measured by the net interest the money would produce.


In furnishing cheap, comfortable, and healthy houses St. Louis offers rare inducements. There was a time when this was not the case, and rival cities offering greater inducements in this regard were largely bene- fited thereby. When the heavy business was transacted chiefly on the Levee and Main Street, the choice resi- dence property was drawn within narrow bounds and held at high prices; and before sewerage and drainage had transformed vast acres into choice building sites, before railroad transportation, steam and horse, had equalized valucs at remote points from business cen- tres by furnishing cheap conveyance to and from all points within the city limits, cheap homes were not easily obtained in St. Louis. But a new and brighter era has dawned upon her. Cheap homes can now be furnished within easy access of business, shop, and foundry, on finished streets, with gas and water, on or convenient to street cars. Building lots thus situated


63


can be bought and comfortable dwellings erected thereon cheaper in St. Louis than in any city in the United States having a population of one hundred and fifty thousand.


To this fact more than any other may be attributed the rapid growth of St. Louis during the last few years, and it is also the best guarantee of her future pros- perity. Cheap homes are the want of the million ; they not only reduce the expenses of living, but the people become owners of their own homesteads, and once having an interest in the soil their local and business interests become more closely identified with the city's welfare, making her population more per- manent and at the same time contributing to her revenue.


Persons of limited means, mechanics and laborers of industrious and saving habits, can by small monthly or quarterly payments in a comparatively short period be- come owners of their own homes without waiting to provide all the money before purchasing. The making of debts is not gencrally to be commended ; but to a moderate extent in the purchase of a home, where full consideration is received, they are not only com- mendable but tend to stimulate energy, and the money thus paid is better secured against loss than if invested in any other manner. In addressing the Social Science Association of Philadelphia, Mr. Cochran truthfully said,-


" People who own the soil naturally feel that they have a greater interest in the community, in its wel- fare, peace, and good order, and they are fixed more permanently to it as a place of abode ; and the laborer or mechanic who is working to secure or pay for a home is inspired with more ambition than one whose abode is in tenement-houses, which can have no attrac- tion to any man or his family. The system of separate dwelling-houses for every family is in itself promotive of greater morality and comfort, but the opportunity


989


990


HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.


of poor men to secure the ownership is an honorable incentive to industry and frugality."


The means of locomotion within the city, the ac- commodations for visitors, the capital of banks, and


the transportation facilities other than rail and river, as collected in 1882 for the board of equalization, present the St. Louis of to-day as being in the follow- ing condition :


STREET RAILWAYS.


Number of Horses.


Value per Head.


Number of Mules.


Value per Head.


Miles of Track.


· Value per Mile.


Number of Cars.


Total Value of Cars.


Other Personal


Property.


Value of Real


Estate.


Total Value.


Baden and St. Louis.


17


$35


31


$1500


8


$1,200


$140


.........


$6,820


Benton and Bellefontaine.


106


50


26


$30


1000


42


8,800


750


$22,760


48,720


Cass Avenue


193


45


. .


...


3 62-100


2500


30


9,000


6720


32,850


83,810


Citizens', Fair Grounds and Suburban.


251


45


75


50


12


2500


56


19,200


2980


22,800


94,520


Lindell


361


45


40


50


10 25-66


3500


70


17,900


2600


79,440


159,430


Missouri.


277


45


18


50


84


3500


56


19,600


3000


57,240


122,960


Mound City


65


45


28


50


6


2500


22


2,750


800


22,880


People's


238


45


12


50


8


3500


30


10,500


9300


59,110


St. Louis


268


45


174


60


143


3000


66


16,700


4460


38,100


125,860


South St. Louis.


65


40


10


45


1800


2000


...


.......


......


.......


2,000


Tower Grove and Lafayette.


53


45


40


50


3 1-5


2500


20


5,000


270


7,390


25,050


Union ...


203


45


7


50


8


3500


24


7,200


2940


16,030


63,660


Union Depot.


157


45


209


50


10


2500


68


14,600


4360


41,390


75,870


HOTELS.


Name.


Proprietors.


Assessed Value of Personal Property.


Atlantic ...


F. F. Burt ..


$1,670


Barnum's ..


.L. A. Pratt ..


110,200


Beaumont.


.Hallie D. Pittman


1,890


City


.. George Spilling ..


11,600


Hotel Barnum ...


. Mrs. M. L. Barnum.


16,110


Tenth Ward Savings


11,090


46,590


Belvedere.


.. Shickle, Harrison & Co


17,000


Union Savings


10,570


128,130


Hotel Moser.


Leo Moser.


1,730


Hurst's


James H. Hurst


3,220


Ives House


.James O. Ives


16,800


Koetter's


G. Koetter


2,390


St. Louis National


13,710


569,140


Total.


$739,650


$10,040,550


EXPRESS COMPANIES, LIVERY-STABLES, ETC.


Name.


Number of


per


of


Total Value of


Adams Express Co.


36


$100


18


$3,600


American Express Co


42


100


23


2,950


United States Express Co ..


35


50


17


1,700


St. Louis Transfer Co ..


206


75


99


14,750


Hazard Coal Co


40


55


10


500


Schuremann Bros. & Co


84


60


55


2,235


Eau Claire Lumber Co ..


59


50


30


750


Mount Cabanné Milk Co


24


50


11


550


St. Louis Street Sprinkling Co.


28


60


15


1,400


Arnot, Jessc.


55


40


49


5,300


Bensick, John C.


20


40


10


2,000


Bohle, Louis C ..


40


40


32


5,000


Brockmann, B.


35


65


16


2.525


Sherrick, L. P.


20


40


15


1,500


Cullen & Kelly.


22


100


15


6,000


Clement, N. S.


24


50


16


2,000


Comfort, C. D. & Co


21


100


14


1,120


Crum, C. N


22


75


14


2,250


Gauger, Jacob.


25


100


10


4,000


fleitz, Christ


20


50


7


210


Herman, Fred.


60


100


25


2,500


..


$230,760


BANKS.


Name.


Value of Real Estate.


Total Value of


Assessment.


Bank of Commerce.


$185,890


$1,136,150


Boatmen's Savings


67,940


2,174,530


Bremen Savings


1,600


76,050


Citizen's Savings.


23,400


139,930


Commercial


310,000


Continental


60,640


116,070


Franklin.


38,250


224,220


German American


112,770


German Savings ...


63,630


. 257,700


1 Assessed by assessor, no return being made by owner.


Name.


Value of Real Estate.


Total Value of Assessment.


International.


$12,820


$91,650


Laclede


250,000


Lafayette ..


2,200


50,000


Mullanphy Savings.


2,300


128,060


Northwestern Savings


Provident Savings.


76,290


100,000


State Savings.


54,660


1,251,640


Hotel Hunt


Mrs. E. J. Polk.


1,560


Merchant National


1,530


805,000


Valley National


Third National.


112,130


1,161,030


Laclede


Griswold & Sperry


30,600


Lafayette Park ..... Nelson Yocum.


1,140


Lindell


.Charles Scudder & Co


40,360


Mona House.


.J. H. Tomb.


11,800


Planters'


J. & J. Gerardi.


15,440


St. James.


Thomas P. Miller.


3,430


The Southern ...... The Southern Hotel Company.


61,170


Western .. M. C. Irish ...


1 8,000


Windsor .. .. Windsor Hotel Company.


6,000


Everett House ..... J. H. Hawley.


3,250


Grand Pacific ...... J. & J. Robertson


4,100


Total


11,300


Commercial.


.James H. Morris


1 7


2200 }


23


4,740


320


.........


32,510


Tower Grove.


1


......


[ 5


3500


( 6


3500


15


1500


.......


...


272,500


Fourth National ...


584,000


Value Number


Horses.


Head. Vehicles. Vehicles.


...


55,390


3000 }


.......


NAME OF COMPANY.


991


SAINT LOUIS AS A CENTRE OF TRADE.


Name.


Number of Horses.


per


of


Total Value of


Head. Vehicles. Vehicles.


Kron, Aug


20


$65


10


$1,000


Lawrence & Spelbrink ..


25


40


23


2,500


Maxwell, T. & J


33


70


3


150


Meyer, Adolph ..


30


40


17


3,600


Mueller, Henry.


60


100


10


1,000


Reilly & Walfort


161


64


4


200


Scheele, HI. & Son.


20


80


10


5,000


Scott & Lynch.


30


60


20


4,000


Wright, George C.


20


100


9


3,600


Sloan & Ellis.


80


37


4


250


Wolfinger, John & Co


22


75


14


500


The territory of which St. Louis is recognized as the natural commercial and business metropolis is indicated in the following table, with the miles of rail- road they had in the years 1870 and 1879, respec- tively :


States.


Miles in 1870.


Miles in 1879.


Kentucky (one-half) ..


558


797


Tennessee (one-half)


746


850


Mississippi (one-half).


495


570


Louisiana (one-half)


225


272


Illinois (one-half)


2411


3,789


Missouri


2000


3,740


Arkansas


256


804


Texas


711


2,591


Kansas (one-half).


750


1,052


Total


8052


14,465


In the ten years from 1870 to 1879 there was con- structed in the territory we have set down as tribu- tary to St. Louis six thousand four hundred and thir- teen miles of railroad.


The increase of population in the territory of which St. Louis is the natural commercial metropolis in the ten years from 1870 to 1880 was as follows, the fig- ures in all instances being from the United States census :


States.


1870.


1880.


Kentucky (one-half).


660,505


824,354


Tennessee (one-half)


629,260


776,231


Mississippi (one-half).


413,961


565,796


Louisiana (one-half)


368,957


470,051


Illinois (one-half)


1,269,945


1,539,384


Missouri


1,721,295


2,168,804


Arkansas


484,471


802,564


Texas.


818,579


1,592,574


Kansas (one-half).


182,199


497,983


Total


6,549,192


9,237,741


the great Father of Waters and his tributaries ; that she has the material around her for building up the most extensive and most profitable manufacturing establislı- ments that the world has ever known; that all the necessaries of life, the cereal grains and pork particu- larly, are produced in all the region roundabout in such profusion that living must be always cheap, and that consequently she can support her population though it should increase to almost indefinite limits, when all these facts are considered, who can fecl dis- posed to set boundaries to her future progress ?


It will be seen in view of the territory thus tributary to St. Louis that she draws from a greater varicty of resources, from a greater extent of country, that she is the centre of more mincral wealth, more agricultural resources, and that she has the opportunity and is fast endowing herself with the instrumentalities for obtain- ing a vaster internal commerce than any other city in the Union. Her manufactures are varied in kind and character, and conducted with less expense than those of any of her sister cities. Her population has been steadily swelled by the influx of emigration ; her wares and merchandise find their market in every hamlet of the country, and compete in Europe with those of older countries. Her credit, whether munic- ipal, individual, or corporate, is unimpeached and treasured as the most valuable of her jewels. It should be borne in mind in estimating St. Louis' po- sition among the great centres of trade in this country that the territory strictly belonging to the system of rivers which empty into the Gulf of Mexico has an area of 1,683,000 square miles, including eighteen States and two Territories, with a population of 22,- 000,000, which is increasing at the rate of about thirty-two per cent. every ten years ; and that this great region produced 300,000,000 out of the 450,000,000 bushels of wheat grown in the whole country in 1880, besides 1,200,000,000 bushels of corn out of a total produce for the same year of 1,500,000,000 bushels. The collection of this grain into the granarics of St. Louis is being carried on by the energetic men who have banded together to accomplish the great object of improving the trade and importance of their city. Elsewhere the transportation facili- ties and the storage capacity of the city have been fully described. This business, for which rail and river are competing, is vast enough for the capacity of both, and must in a short time be greatly in excess of the terminal facilitics afforded by existing lincs of communication. But St. Louis has also determined to become the leading cotton market, and in view of the railroad development ministering directly to her, it is certainly no vain assertion to say that her posi-


All this territory, with New Mexico and Indian Territory still farther south, constitute a part of the vast back country of St. Louis. When it is consid- ered, therefore, that this city has such surroundings as have been here described ; that she is the very centre of the most productive agricultural region of the whole earth ; that she is in immediate proximity and of convenient access to an incxhaustible deposit of the purest iron ore in the world ; that she is at the head of navigation from the south, and at the foot of navigation from the north ; that she is sustained and impelled forward by the immensc, illimitable trade of


Value Number


992


HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.


tion is now first among the cotton markets of the world. The opening of Northern Texas and the whole of Arkansas to immediate connection by rail with the Missouri commercial metropolis, and the probable increase of cotton culture in the Indian Territory, will give a back country capable of producing millions of bales annually for St. Louis to draw upon. She has already become the successful competitor with Houston, Galveston, and New Or- leans for the distribution of the crop of the Southwest, and the encouragement received has justified her en- terprising citizens in constructing the most complete and extensive warehouses for cotton storage in the world. The trade of St. Louis now controls the cot- ton trade in certain sections of Arkansas and the southern portion of Missouri, and has made such se- ductive bids for the crop of Texas that many counties in that State regard St. Louis as their most remuner- ative market.


It was said of St. Louis in 1849 that " her com- mercial prosperity is founded very largely, if not chiefly, upon what is called the ' produce trade,' " and the territorial limits of this trade were Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri.1 Thirty years afterwards St. Louis competed, as we have seen, sharply with Chicago for the trade of Northern Missouri, Kansas, Southern Nebraska, Colorado, the Territories tributary to the traffic of the Union and Central Pacific Railroads, and for the transcontinental trade towards the Southwest, embraced in the southern and central portions of Mis- souri, the State of Arkansas, the larger part of the State of Texas, and the northwestern section of Louisiana, with the Indian Territory, and with Cali- fornia by the Southern Pacific Railroad. New Or- leans finds in St. Louis a rival for the trade of West- ern and Northern Louisiana. The trade of the States east of the Mississippi and south of the Ohio finds competition at St. Louis with New Orleans, Louisville, Cincinnati, and Chicago, as well as the principal cities of the Atlantic seaboard. The trade limits of St. Louis east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio cover Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, and include the through traffic with the States of the Atlantic sea- board and with foreign countries. It is witliin these vast territorial limits that St. Louis gathers the sur- plus products of the people, and distributes to them the supplies and general merchandise of her energetic tradesmen, merchants, and manufacturers.


The railroads which converge upon and centre at St. Louis arc the following :


1 Governor Allen's address to the directors of the Pacific Railroad.


West Roads.


Chicago, Alton and St. Louis Railroad (Missouri Division).


Missouri Pacific Railroad.


St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad.


St. Louis, Wabash and Pacific Railway (West Branch).


South Roads.


St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad.


Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad.


Belleville and Southern Illinois Railroad.


Louisville and Nashville Railroad.


Cairo and St. Louis Railroad.


East Roads.


Ohio and Mississippi Railroad.


Chicago, Alton and St. Louis Railroad (main line).


Indianapolis and St. Louis Railroad.


St. Louis, Vandalia, Terre Haute and Indianapolis Railroad.


St. Louis, Wabash and Pacific Railway.


Illinois and St. Louis Railroad.


North Roads.


St. Louis, Wabash and Pacific Railroad (Iowa Division).


Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (St. Louis Division). St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern Railroad.


The variations of the receipts and shipments of the commerce of St. Louis with the north are shown in the following table :


Year.


Received. Tons.


Shipped. Tons.


1871


297,680


93,842


1872


363,006


79,200


1873


353,206


80,806


1874


368,076


116,267


1875.


286,318


122,751


1876


324,947


128,629


1877


233,158


114,827


1878.


382,628


126,601


1879.


445,621


132,760


1880.


604,173


157,803


Turning to the east, we find a larger commerce even than that with the north. The total receipts from and shipments to the east were for the last decade :


Year.


Received. Tons.


Shipped. Tons.


1871.


1,219,245


545,636


1872


1,341,545


688,264


1873


1,568,719


699,048


1874


1,540,632


746,037


1875


1,542,866


750,527


1876 ..


1,510,527


1,026,291


1877.


1,634,860


927,448


1878 ..


1,770,548


1,119,406


1879.


2,041,440


1,225,895


1880 ..


2,508,704


1,325,004


From the south St. Louis received as well as shipped the following commerce :


Year.


Received. Tons.


Shipped. Tons.


1871.


1,109,801


695,531


1872.


1,392,080


836,089


1873


1,339,688


838,123


1874


1,196,534


767,819


1875


1,371,670


738,632


1876


1,310,534


696,577


1877


1,339,649


798,802


1878


1,290,606


832,018


1879


1,649,272


995,346


1880.


1,853,577


1,492,216


993


SAINT LOUIS AS A CENTRE OF TRADE.


The western commerce of St. Louis is exhibited for ten years in the following table :


Year.


Recelved. Tons.


Shipped. Tons.


1871.


555,996


395,371


1872


605,652


406,393


1873


784,620


320,695


1874


793,216


307,878


1875


595,441


328,635


1876


974,467


408,678


1877


901,206


409,443


1878


1,056,225


417,209


1879


1,215,715


608,860


1880


2,023,930


818,182


For the better comparison of the extraordinary growth of the commerce of St. Louis during the last decade, the following table groups the tonnage of all the sections :


Year.


North.


East.


South.


West.


Total.


1871. ... 391,552


1,764,887


1,805,332


951,367


4,913,102


1872 ...


442,206


2,029,809


2,228,169


1,012,045


5,712,229


1873 ....


434,012


2,267,767


2,177,811


1,105,315


5,984,905


1874 ....


484,343


2,286,069


1,964,353


1,101,094


5,835,859


1875 ...


409,069


2,293,393


2,110,302


1,024,076


5,836,840


1876 ....


453,576


2,536,318


2,007,111


1,383,145


6,380,150


1877 ....


347,985


2,562,308


2,138,451


1,310,649


6,359,393


1878 ....


509,229


2,889,954


2,122,624


1,473,434


6,995,241


1879 .... 578,381


3,267,335


2,644,618


1,824,575


8,314,909


1880 .... 761,976


3,833,708


3,345,793


2,842,112


10,783,589


In these ten years the commerce of St. Louis in- creased northward from 391,522 tons in 1871 to 761,976 tons in 1880; towards the east from 1,764,881 tons in 1871 to 3,833,708 tons in 1880 ; towards the south from 1,805,332 tons in 1871 to 3,345,793 tons in 1880; towards the west from 951,367 tons in 1871 to 2,842,112 tons in 1880; and the total grew from 4,913,102 tons in 1871 to 10,783,589 tons in 1880.


The rapidity of the growth of this commerce will be more casily comprehended by considering the pro- portion of tonnage for the years 1880, 1879, and 1878 :




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