USA > Missouri > St Louis County > St Louis City > History of Saint Louis City and County, from the earliest periods to the present day: including biographical sketches of representative men > Part 53
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tivation of hemp sprang up largely in Kentucky on account of the blockade of the Baltic, and these Ken- tuckians and their children emigrating later to Mis- souri, carricd the cultivation of hemp with them. But as in 1820 the total manufactures of Missouri only yielded one hundred and sixty thousand dollars, and all the capital invested was only forty-six thou- sand dollars, it is not to be supposed that the hemp crop had led to the establishment of a co-ordinated industry. Still there was the crop, and the manufac- ture would follow.
In 1842 the tariff laid a duty of 25 per cent. on bagging, 5 cents per square yard on gunny-cloth, 25 per cent. on flax and liemp bags, 25 per cent. on linen tick, and the same on burlaps, canvas of linen, 30 per cent. on hemp and jute carpet, 4} and 5 cents per pound on cordage of hemp and manilla, 25 per cent. on drillings and manufactures of flax, $20 per ton on raw flax, 5 per cent. on flaxseed, $40 per ton on raw hemp, with 20 per cent. on manufactures of hemp, 20 per cent. on hemp-seed, and the same on manilla, $25 per ton on jute, 25 per cent. on jute butts, and 25 per cent. on linen fabrics. With this the cultivation of hemp and the manufacture of the raw hemp and flax may be said to have begun in Missouri. In the course of about ten years rapid progress was made. The commercial statistics of St. Louis for 1853 show a receipt of 63,450 bales of hemp, against 49,124 the previous year, valued at $300,000, the price having risen to $130 per ton in consequence of the Crimean war.
The cordage business was also prosperous, as the reports show. Receipts this year (1853) foot up 58,437 coils, against 41,674 in 1852, showing a differ- ence of 16,763 coils. This difference, at the ruling market rates, gives the sum of $17,000, and when to this is added the advance on the whole receipts over the prices of the preceding year, the cash increase on operations, sums up $60,000. Salcs during the year were unusually large. Many Southern orders previ- ously sent to the Ohio River were filled at this point, the St. Louis market offering equal inducement as far as quality was concerned and superior claim to tlie con- sideration of buyers as regards cheaper transportation. Sales ranged from 6 to 6ª, the larger portion at 6} to 6}; in 1852, 44 to 5} were the ruling rates. The heavy advance in hemp, of course, led to this result. As far as can be ascertained, the quantity manufactured in St. Louis amounted to from 14,000 to 15,000 coils ; of this the Lowell Factory, in the north- crn part of the city, turned out 11,000, the greater part of which found sale in the St. Louis market. Missouri rope regained its standard during the season
1223
TRADE, COMMERCE, AND MANUFACTURES.
for excellence of quality, and was eagerly sought by Southern buyers.
R. W. S. Allen, of Kentucky, and J. H. Alexan- der & Co., MeClelland, Scruggs & Co., and Douglass & Bier, of St. Louis, purchased about this time of W. A. Richardson, of Louisville, the Perry & Slaugh- ter patent for making bale-rope and hackling hemp. The right included the whole of Missouri and the western half of Illinois. Operations were commenced about the 1st of April, with machinery sufficient to turn out one hundred coils of rope and three tons haekled hemp per day. The annual consumption of hemp was from two to three thousand tons.
Hon. John Hogan, speaking of the hemp industry of this period, remarks,-
" It would almost be unpardonable if, in such notices of manu- factures as I take, I were to omit all notice of the productions of one of our own great staples, hemp. There are in St. Louis many rope-works, carried forward on the old principle of opera- tion ; these aggregately do a pretty extensive business, and al- though they are important, yet they do not exactly come within iny plan. There are here in successful opcration two extensive steam-propelled hemp-works, and two more nearly ready for operation. The works of Mr. John L. Blaine are located above the shot-tower. They contain some twenty-five machines, which are soon to be increased. The building is a large stone and brick edifice, and the business is understood to be quite remunerative, although during the past year the price of the raw material has been relatively higher than the manufactured commodity. The Missouri Hemp Company, of which John T. Douglass is presi- dent, have their establishment located on Stoddard, just south of Chouteau Avenue. The buildings, all of brick, were erected purposely for this business, and are said to be fire-proof, cer- tainly they are secure- from any external hazard. The chief building is ninety by forty feet, three stories high, and contains thirty-two spinning-machines and four hackles, all made by Todd, Mckay & Co., of Paterson, N. J. The machines are of the Perry & Slaughter patent, and the hackles are of the Arnold patent, besides cards, breaks, and picks, as usual. The engine- house, also of brick, is supplied with an engine of fifty horse- power, built by Gaty, McCune & Co., which propels all the machinery. The average consumption of hemp is seventy tons per week, and the product averages one hundred coils of rope and fifteen bales of hackled hemp per day.
"Johnsons, Bartley & Lytle are erecting on the corner of Decatur and Barry Streets, opposite the church of St. Vincent, another extensive rope manufactory. The principal building is to be one hundred and twenty by forty-four feet and four sto- ries high, the engine and boiler house is to be ninety-six by twenty feet, the whole built of brick in the best manner. Mr. L. D. Baker, builder. As the buildings are not yet finished, there is of course no machinery erected, consequently I can give no description of it or its product ; but I may say that the · gentlemen who have it in liand are energetic business men, familiar with all the details of this species of manufacture, having lately been engaged in its prosecution in Louisville, Ky., and the machinery will be all new and of most approved character; and for the present they will confine themselves to making bale-rope and hackled hemp. There is another large establishment nearly ready for the machinery, which is situated on the corner of Austin and Twelfth Streets, got up by Mr. R. B. Bowler, lately a very extensive manufacturer of bagging and
rope in Cincinnati, also a good business man, and every way qualified to push forward the enterprise. Herc the chief com- modity made will be bagging and bale-rope, to the produe- tion of which the machinery is perfectly adapted. I have understood that a company of heavy capitalists are associated with Mr. Bowler, and they have obtained a charter from the Legislature under the name of the 'St. Louis Rope and Bag- ging Company.'"
In 1860 these industries in hemp and flax had at- tained the following respectable proportions :
No. of
Articles.
Estab. Capital. Hands. Materials.
Products.
Bags.
1
$8,000
6 $71,500
$76,000
Tents
1 3,000
8
4,000
6,000
Rope and bagging .. 14
474,130
464
1,029,100
1,189,018
The maximum was reached in 1855, which year also was that in which American ship-building culmi- nated. Since the civil war the culture of hemp and flax in Missouri has not flourished. In 1870 there was manufactured in St. Louis 3,377,845 yards of bagging. In 1880 there were engaged in these manufactures: Bagging (flax, hemp, and jute), 3 establishments; capital, $370,000 ; hands, 551 ; wages, $150,216; ma- terials, $545,900 ; product, $867,395. Awning and tents, 9 establishments ; $127,200 capital ; 259 hands; $54,850 wages; $249,185 materials; $388,940 pro- ducts. Cordage and twine, 14 establishments ; $12,- 875 capital; 89 hands; $16,423 wages; $33,250 materials ; $67,664 products.
RECEIPTS OF HEMP AND TOW FOR THIRTY-ONE YEARS.
Years.
Bales.
Years.
Bales.
1881
3,580
1865
40,846
1880
1,731
1864.
64,078
1879
4,072
1863.
56,337
1878
5,087
1862
78,313
1877
7,930
1861
25,558
1876 ..
3,157
1860
68,673
1875
3,960
1859
68,796
1874.
11,266
1858
81,423
1873
16,860
1857
80,094
1872 ..
20,790
1856 ..
53,737
1871
15,292
1855
91,320
1870
12,716
1854
69,629
1869
24,468
1853
62,692
1868
25,699
1852
48,819
1867
30,750
1851
65,471
1866
18,759
The Grain Trade .- The history of the grain trade of St. Louis embraces a succession of mutations, all tending to the enlargement and expansion of this in- terest, and exhibiting a remarkable extension in re- spect to tributary commercial relations. A few years ago it was insisted, as indeed it had been for forty years, that the local mills made the St. Louis market, but large as the milling interest is, that.demand bears a relation of only about fifty per cent. to the actual grain supply. To illustrate: The receipts of wheat from all sources in 1881 were 15,275,931 bushels, while the milling consumption was 7,407,536, less than one-half. The difference between these amounts represents the shipments. As to corn, the great staple
1224
HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.
of Illinois and Iowa tributaries, the receipts aggre- gated 24,049,983 bushels, while the milling demand was only 4,576,963, a trifle more than one-fourth of the exportation of this cereal. The proportion as to rye is still more marked.
SOURCES OF SUPPLY OF WHEAT FOR TWO YEARS.
From
1882.
1881.
The West, by rail and Missouri River ..
12,229,248
7,819,478
The Sonth, by rail from west of Mississippi River.
1,322,094
422,033
The South, by Mississippi River boats ..
1,149,529
330,900
The South, by rail from east of Mississippi River ..
1,629,318
115,667
The East, by rail and by Illinois River.
2,196,684
2,028,053
The North, by rail and river.
756,239
903,609
Wagons from near the city
1,491,875
1,623,831
Total receipts, bushels.
20,774,987
13,243,571
COMPARATIVE RECEIPTS BY RAIL, RIVER, AND WAGONS FOR TWO YEARS.
By
1882.
1881.
Railroads ..
16,379,690
9,715,568
Rivers.
2,903,422
1,904,172
Wagons.
1,491,875
1,623,831
Total bushels
20,774,987
13,243,571
DIRECTION OF SHIPMENTS FOR TWO YEARS. Shipped to 1882.
1881.
Europe direct via Atlantic seaboard ..
125,467
134,610
Europe via New Orleans.
5,637.391
4,197,981
The East, by rail and Illinois and Ohio Rivers
6,015,427
1,640,318
The West, by rall and Missouri River ..
4.018
3,676
The South, by rail and river.
368,574
893,254
The North, by rail and river.
295,183
51,791
Total shipments, bushels.
12,446,060 6,921,630
COMPARATIVE SHIPMENTS BY RAIL AND RIVER FOR TWO
YEARS.
1882.
1881.
Railroads.
6,691,926
2,758,962
Rivers.
5,754,134
4,162,668
Total shipments, bushels ..
It was when St. Louis ceased to be a market of mere consumption demand and attracted to this centre the crops of Central and Southern Illinois, Northern Iowa, and the great Northwest, the West,
South, and Southwest, and when she began to supply other cities and other countries,-it was when, in short, she became one of the distributing points for the world's breadstuffs that she came into prominence as a leading market. The growth of the speculative tendency doubtless aided St. Louis, and her call- boards, like those of Chicago, were a great advertise- ment, but the transactions in actual grain also grew with the increase of rail- and water-route facilities for the movement of crops. Chicago had the lakes and more trunk lines, but the genius of Capt. James B. Eads opened a highway to the sea, and St. Louis began shipping grain via the jetties direct to Liver- pool. River transportation companies were formed, and many bottoms built to carry the outward-bound grain from St. Louis to deep water. Meantime more railroads extended their lines to St. Louis, and in shipping facilities were greatly increased in the inter- est of new tributary points. Thus St. Louis ac- quired the key to the situation, and invited the invest- ment of large foreign capital in the grain-trade of the Mississippi valley. Moneyed men were swift to ap- preciate the advantages St. Louis offered in this regard, and Jay Gould, among others, hastened to devote several million dollars to the extension of rail- roads centering here, and to the advancement also of the water-route transportation companies.
SOURCES OF SUPPLY .- The following table exhibits the receipts in 1882 and the sources of the same. The shipments via New York, it will be observed, are trifling as compared with those by the St. Louis and Liverpool route via the jetties.
FROM
Wheat.
Corn.
Oats.
Rye.
Barley.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
The West, by rail and Missouri River.
12,229,248
5,256,665
3,751,934
320,406
126,070
The South, by rail from west of Mississippi River ......
1,322,094
402,805
485,243
800
7,516
The South, by Mississippi River boats ..
1,149,529
87,770
8,038
59
49,541
The South, by rail from east of Mississippi River.
1,629,318
50,970
40,983
.. .
....
400
The East, by rail and by Illinois River
2,196,684
4,400,215
1,118,296
13,372
352,369
The North, by rail and river ..
756,239
3,593,130
2,353,622
44,070
1,258,072
Wagons from near the city.
1,491,875
750,000
350,400
25,000
25,000
Total receipts
20,774,987
14,541,555
8,138,516
403,707
1,818,968
DIRECTION OF SHIPMENTS OF GRAIN.
To
Wheat.
Corn.
Oats.
Rye.
Barley.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Europe direct, by rail via New York
125,467
...
...
Europe direct vin New Orleans.
5,637,391
250,485
....
15,994
The East, by rail and Illinois and Ohio Rivers.
6,015.427
2,523,947
1,647,341
307,433
32,754
The West, by rail and Missouri River.
4,018
327,572
126,586
2,066
8,021
The South, by rail and river.
368,574
6,251,618 23,353
2,617,023
17,907
40,947
The North, by rail and river.
295,183
19,061
1,470
4,523
Total shipments.
12,446,060
9,376,975
4,410,011
344,870
86,245
By
12,446,060
6,921,630
1225
TRADE, COMMERCE, AND MANUFACTURES.
SHIPMENTS IN 1881 .- The following table exhibits the movement in grain at this market during 1881, and while compiled as of shipments, necessarily comprehends also the receipts during the same period :
BY
Wheat.
Corn.
Oats.
Rye.
Barley.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Chicago and Alton Railroad (Missouri Division)
103
127,372
50,736
1,888
5,378
St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad
92
114,283
6,529
844
1,780
St. Louis, Wabash and Pacific Railroad (Western Division) ..
49,217
1,938
1,352
6,497
St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad ..
389,540
1,033,026
414,477
19,880
3,514
Missouri Pacific Railroad (Kansas and Texas Division).
170
8,213
11,291
1,661
614
Cairo Short Line Railroad.
442,802
617,512
205,699
9,136
12,112
Louisville and Nashville Railroad
242,881
424,562
77,949
23,325
54,668
Cairo and St. Louis Railroad.
23,730
95,702
38,077
10
105
Ohio and Mississippi Railroad
566,686
1,677,707
59,353
138,840
13,390
Chicago and Alton Railroad (Main Line)
201,197
106,845
101,156
1,361
4,394
Indianapolis and St. Louis Railroad.
367,120
819,673
68,734
26,588
830
St. Louis, Vandalia and Terre Haute Railroad.
205,916
461,796
10,919
18,238
50,033
St. Louis, Wabash and Pacific Railroad ( Eastern Division).
245,807
222,673
5,265
2,660
32
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (Eastern Div.) ..
3,208
23,215
8,051
1,364
18,013
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (Northern Div.) ..
41,468
59,187
3,800
52
963
Keokuk and St. Louis Railroad
368
6,359
335
690
438
New Orleans boats and barges ..
3,983,228
8,817,980
1,760,771
23,845
3,015
Vicksburg boats
1,244
472,305
270,666
2,797
372
Memphis 66
7,618
172,233
99,851
7,010
332
Upper Mississippi River boats
9,955
8,158
7,114
574
5,710
Illinois
66
12
18,201
2,678
94
16
Ohio
160,637
27,428.
10,278
22,237
4,858
Cumberland and Tennessee River boats
22
11,106
2,322
Arkansas, Red, and Ouachita boats
Total exports.
6,921,630 69,563
15,390,180
3,222,858
304,761
187,064
Shipped direct from country points.
1,173,830
26,500
60,000
City consumption.
3,131,166
76,281
2,137,981
Stock on hand Dec. 31, 1881
877,202
958,076
162,466
91,941
161,822
Total movement.
15,275,931
24,049,983
6,542,990
532,983
2,486,867
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT .- The following table exhibits the growth of the grain trade of St. Louis from 1851 to 1882, inclusive :
RECEIPTS AND SHIPMENTS OF GRAIN FOR A SERIES OF YEARS.
Wheat, Bushels.
Corn, Bushels.
Oats, Bushels.
Rye, Bushels.
Barley, Bushels.
YEAR.
Receipts.
Shipments.
Receipts.
Shipments.
Receipts.
Shipments.
Receipts.
Shipments.
Receipts.
Shipments.
1851
1,712,776
1852.
1,645,387
1853
2,075,872
1854.
2,126,272
3,312,854
3,747,224
938.546 2,485,786 892,104 1,639,579
1,267,624
123,056
1860
3,555,871
4,249,782
1,832,634
159,974
1861.
2,654,787
4,515,040 1.739,219 1,361,310 2,369,500
3,135,040 3,845,877
4,105,040 4,173.227 3,568,253 3,415,388 3,259,132
3,083,864
217,568
32,445 225,460
548,797
89,751
1867.
321,888
5,155,480
2,244,756
56,076
705,215
55,720
1868
542,231
2,800,277
1,298,803 3.637,060
4,469,849
2,484,582
374,336
138,756
876,217
62,843
1873
6,185,038 8,255,221
1,938,841
8,079,739 5,260,916 4,148,556
3,467,594
3,215,206
3,027,663
2-8,743
166,133
1,421,406
227,418
1877
1878
1.792,801
713,728
423,720
1,831,507
260,422
1880
276,041
2,561,992
155,113
1881
304,761
2,411,723
187,064
1882
14,325,431 17,093,362 21,022,275 13,243,571 20,774,987
2,630,007 2,410,190 6,900,802 7,302,076 11,313,879 6,921,630 12,446,060
6,991,677 6,710,263 15,249,909 11,847,771 9,009,723 13,360,636 22,298,077 21,259,310 14,541,555
3,523,974 12,728.849 9,309,014 6,382,712 8,311,005 17,571,322 15,390,180 9,376,975
3,461,814 4,519,510 4,358,099 5,467.800 5,359,853 5.296,967 5,006.850 3,660,912 3,124,7:21 3,882,276 5,002,165 5,607,078 6.295,050 8,138,516
2,x77.035
275,200
134,960
1,171,337
146,330
1876.
1,932,983
1,550,665
399,826 472,907 845.932
304,192 397.183 757,621
1,517,292
244,799
1879
7,604,265 8,037,574 8,274,151
1,562,453
1,735.157
117,080
253,552
182,270
326,060
846,230
50,000
1866.
635,818
7.233,671
2,624,044
375,417
250,704 367,961
192,553
634,591
64,426
1869
4,410,305 3,571,593 4,353,591 6,736,454 6,638,253 7,311,910 6,007,987
1,715,005 636,562 1,048,532 918,477
2.395,713 4,708,838 6,030,734 9,479,387 7,701,187
2,591,155 6,757,199 4,318,937 1,611,618
1,925,579 2,903,002
266,056
110,947
757,600
57,134
1870.
3,144,744
210,542
100,254
778,518
70,451
1872.
377,587 356,580
150,208
1,263,486
87,566
206,652
1,158,615
125,604
1857
3,218,410
1,624,158
30.442
1858
3,835.759
1.690,010
45,900
1859
3,568,732
201,434
1862
3,559,336
1863.
205,918
140,533
1865
2,621,020 3,315,828 3,452,722
67,710
3,162,310
1,029,908
12
122
315
Missouri
Ground in city mills ..
7,407,536
4,576,963
1,950,934
14,241
4,747
468,755 · 469,769 403,707
344,870
1,818,968
86,245
...
1874.
1875
1,492,985
223,680
1,326,490
188,251
1855
1856.
290,925
1864.
1871.
1,210,286
52
1,174
Illinois and St. Louis Railroad.
24,405
Missouri Pacific Railroad (Main Line)
3,469
2,154,026
2,541,613 3,222,858 4,410,011
1226
HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.
STOCKS IN STORE AT THE CLOSE OF EACH YEAR, IN PUBLIC ELEVATORS AND PRIVATE IIANDS.
YEAR.
Wheat.
Corn.
Oats.
Rye.
Barley.
1867
174,874
35,060
42,822
2,250
1868.
76,849
31,153
81,729
20.234
1869
4337,115
21,878
69.677
16,331
1870
320.746
19.763
89,702
3.243
101,557 62,916 66.262
1871
525.977
124,9/1
238,087
48,601 134,645
130,625
1873.
219,108
159,463
111,016
19.006
1874.
516,154
188,284
104,824
2,442
1875.
772,866
412,598
89,078
26,589
1876
510,956
553.072
154,202
50,954
1877
413,495
290,845
31,470
35,027
93,309
1878
437,149
492,594
37,213
42,720
219,433 165,689
1880
1,962,797
1,616,843
221,440
63.214
75,144
1881
877,202
958.076
162,466
91,941
161,822
1882
836,562
905,316
72,563
43,570
101,373
The season of 1880 was an exceptional one in re- spect to an immense crop, the largest by nearly thirty per cent. in the yield for many years.
EXPORTS BY TONS .- A comparative compilation by tons of direct shipments from St. Louis to foreign countries for 1875 and 1878-81 makes this exhibit :
1881.
1880.
1879.
1878.
1875.
By river and jetties.
389,587
453,681
176,531
154.060
6,857
By rail eastward.
91,7%7
146,087
135,381
72,091
16,825
Total tons ....
481,314 599,768 312,412
226,151 23,682
The foreign shipments by river and the jetties on through bills of lading in 1881 aggregated 564,839 bushels, and to this must be added 12,861,12+ bushels of grain via New Orleans, but not on through bills, making the grand aggregate of 13,- 425,963 bushels. The bulk grain exports from New Orleans and the foreign destination of the same are thus compiled :
To
Corn. Bushels. 2,042,613
Wheat. Bushels. 417,893
Rye. Bushels.
England.
Germany.
776.916
........
Belgium
1.256,364
... 558,210 ...
.......
France
1,970,472
2,608,644
...
Holland
216,447
215,517
22,423
Ireland
195,916
125,099
........
Denmark.
835,991
29,932
........
Cape Breton
261,110
578,494
.......
Total
7,555,829
4,533,789
22,423
Total bushels, 1880 ..
9,596,956
5,901,137
23,000
A comparison of the shipments of grain in bulk by river and for export during the twelve years of 1870- 81 makes this interesting exhibit :
Year.
Wheat.
Totals.
1881
4,197,981 ..
1880
.. 5,913,272
1879
2,390,897 1,876,639
3,585,589
Rye. Bushels. 22,423 45,000 157,424 609,041
171,843
....
......
...
1874
365,252
1,047,794
10,000
...
1872
1871
1870
66,000
1,711,039 309,077
3,000
1,711,039 312,077 66,000
.....
Thus has the grain trade of St. Louis grown from the proportions of a purely local market to those per- taining to one of the chief commercial centres of the world, situated in the heart of the greatest grain-pro- ducing section of the American continent.
All indications point to an immense increase in the grain trade of St. Louis. The superior facilities for transportation offered by the jetties at the mouth of the Mississippi, and by the improvements which the large appropriation made in the River and Harbor Act of 1882 will secure in the navigation of the river, must insure not only greater safety but a considerable reduction in the cost of shipment.
The position of St. Louis as a grain mart is indi- cated in the following table of shipments of grain and flour during 1880 :
Bushels.
Chicago
154,377,115
Toledo ..
53,372,739
St. Louis
46,675,581
Milwaukee.
29,691,524
Peoria
20,544,508
Detroit ...
10,366,491
Duluth ...
6,511,100
Total
321,539,058
From the paper, by Charles W. Knapp, on "St. Louis : Past, Present, and Future," read before the " Round Table," Oct. 14, 1882, it appears that St. Louis, in 1881,
" led Chicago as a wheat market last ycar, receiving one and one-fourth million bushels more than Chicago handled. Nor can the fact be altered by counting the gross receipts of Chicago, which show it a million and a half bushels ahead in 1881, for, after all, the truc basis of comparison is by crop and not calendar years,-that is, from August 1st to July 31st. They know this · at Chicago, the Board of Trade reports giving the receipts by crops for a number of years, and the gross receipts at Chicago from Aug. 1, 1881, to July 31, 1882, were only 13,116,580 hushels, or 3.45 per cent. of the whole crop, while St. Louis re- ceived 14,085,964 bushels, or 4.71 per cent. Is there any chance now to cavil at my statement that St. Louis was the greatest wheat market of the world last year ? It got nearly a million bushels more than the gross receipts of Chicago, and at least 4,000,000 more than Chicago's net receipts, for in the first six months of the year in question a through movement of 2,000,000 bushels was included in Chicago's gross receipts, so it is no injustice to assume a total through movement of 3,000,000 bushels in the whole year. Chicago, therefore, got only about 71} per cent. as much wheat as St. Louis, and, unless Minneap- olis, which received 3,500,000 bushels more than St. Louis in 1881, is called a market, in despite of the fact that it receives for home consumption only, and shipped out but 500,000 hushels, the pre-eminence of St. Louis must rest undisputed.
" This enormous consumption at Minneapolis suggests, what more direct statistics confirm, that that city is the greatest flour manufacturing city of the country, yet St. Louis is a greater flour market. Counting in all the Minneapolis flour passing through Chicago, that city figures itself a greater market, but it has no just claim to the through movement, which it does not handle. Let it stand by its net receipts and manufacture, ag- gregating only 1,194,657 barrels, while the 1,718,429 harrels
1878
1877
351,453
1876
37,142
1875
135,961
1873
1,373,969
30,928
108,867
........
Scotland
...
..
Oats. Bushels. 132,823
Bushels.
Corn. Bushels. 8,640,720 9,804.392
Bushelx.
Bushels.
Bushels.
Bushels. 24,149 68,537
1872.
637,388
181,115
178,537
45,836 100,320 117,815 199,686
1879
1,232.258
1,370,826
187,122
55,804
........
12,993,947 15,762,664 6,164,838 5,451,603 4,101,353 1,774,379 308,578 1,423,046 1,373,969
2,857,056 3,578,057 1,737,238 172,617
...
Bushels.
LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS.
John Gacion
TRADE, COMMERCE, AND MANUFACTURES.
1227
manufactured in St. Louis and 261,264 barrels sold on its Ex- change, but shipped direct from country mills without passing through St. Louis, in addition to 1,620,996 barrels received, make a total of 3,600,689 barrels. Minneapolis ranks second, with a manufacture of 2,890,474 and receipts of 262,500 barrels, yet it is half a million under the St. Louis figures."
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