USA > Missouri > St Louis County > St Louis City > History of Saint Louis City and County, from the earliest periods to the present day: including biographical sketches of representative men > Part 116
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Charge
No. 1. For the first visit in the city ..
$1.00
66 2. two or more visits to regular patients, per
2.00
3. a whole day's medical attention ..
10.00
4. a night visit (expressly), after nine o'clock 2.00
5. a whole night's medical attention .........
10.00 .50
66
66
7. any other simple dressing ..
.50
8.
" visit in the country, per mile.
1.00
66 9. " consultation ...
10. " writing a prescription ....
1.00
11. 66 verbal prescription or advice.
1.00
66 12. treating syphilis
20,00
66 13.
66 treating gonorrhœa
10.00
66 14. natural labors, from .. .$8.00 to 20.00
66
15. preternatural, difficult, etc., labors, from
$30.00 to 40.00
day .....
6. application or dressing vesicatories.
5.00
1522
HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.
Dr. Hardage Lane, another prominent physician of that period, was a cousin of Dr. William Carr Lane, and was regarded as one of the most accomplished members of his profession in the State. He had a large and lucrative practice among the best families of the city, and gave his attention closely to professional
Charge
No. 16. For amputating fingers, toes, and other small members 66 17. amputating arın, leg, or thigh ..
$10.00 50.00
18.
66
66
19.
20.
21.
22.
66
23. 66
66
66 knee.
20.00
24.
66
reducing a simple fracture of the arm or
leg
66
26.
reducing a simple fracture of the thigh ...
clavicle
66
28.
66 29.
66 30. 31.
66
32.
vaccinating, under three persons, each over three persons, each. 1.00
extracting tooth.
1.00
35.
36.
66 37.
66 38.
66
39.
giving an injection
1.00
66
40.
every visit, per day, more than two ... .50 60.00
66
42.
the breast. 50.00
extracting cataract
50.00
44.
45.
46.
47.
extirpating testicle 30.00
operating for fistula in ano. .. $30.00 to 50.00
49.
aneuriam .. .. $10.00 to 20.00 the operation of tracheotomy. 25.00
51.
for paraphimosis. 5.00
52.
phimosis .. 5.00
66 53.
"
hare-lip 25.00
66 54.
strangulated hernia .. 60.00
reducing strangulated hernia by taxis ..... 10.00
56.
operating for hydrocele ......... from $20.00 to 50.00 lithotomy .$100.00 to 200.00
66 57.
58.
applying a roller to the leg or arm ... 1.00
66 59.
introducing seton, or caustic, or pea-issue. 1.00
CHARGES FOR MEDICINES.
Charge
No. 1. For a simple dose of medicine .... ...
$0.25
66
2.
a compound cathartic or emetic ... .50
66
4.
66
syrups, mixtures, and compositions, per ounce ... .50
66
5. bark (common), flowers, and bitters, per ounce ... .50
diaphoretic and other powders, per dozen 1.00
7.
16
pills, quinine, per dozen 1.00
8.
' opii, per dozen. .50
9.
" common, per dozen .50 quinine solution (eight grains to the
66
ounce), per ounce. .50
11. blistering plasters .. from 25 cents to 1.00
12.
66
strengthening plasters from 50 cents to 1.00
13. comninon ointment, per ounce ... .25
66 14. compound ointment, more costly, per oz .. .50
" It was also unanimously
" Resolved, Ist. That in attending by the year the following charges be adopted :
duties, so that he was less conspicuous in political circles and not so generally known as his cousin Mayor Lane. He died early in July, 1849, having practiced medicine in St. Louis for more than a quarter of a century. During the prevalence of cholera in that year he was employed day and night in his ministra- tions to those stricken with the pestilence. He was at last forced to yield to physical exhaustion and disease, and after an illness of two weeks died, a sacrifice to his convictions of professional honor and duty. He was very hospitable, and used to entertain a great deal of company. His wife was an accomplished woman and a leader in society, and they frequently gave the most elegant dinners and fashionable parties. Dr. Lane was a great reader, and kept himself abreast of the most recent progress in the profession.
Dr. Steplien W. Adreon was born in Baltimore in 1806. His father was Capt. Christian Adreon, a soldier of the Revolutionary war, and in the war of 1812 a captain in the Fifth Regiment of Maryland. In early life Dr. Adreon enjoyed all the requisite facilities for acquiring a liberal education, and after a protracted course of study graduated finally at the University of Maryland. About 1832 he came to St. Louis, turning his attention first to commercial pursuits, engaging in the wholesale dry-goods business. He did not long continue in mercantile occupations. His tastes for professional life led him to the study and practice of medicine, in which he continued with success to the end of his life. During his long career in St. Louis he was frequently called to occupy positions of responsibility in the administration of municipal affairs. During the incumbency of Mayors Kennett, King, and Filley he was a member of the Common Council. For a considerable period he was president of the Board of Health, discharging the responsible duties of that office with fidelity and skill. He served the public well in 1865 as health officer, and during the last year of his life was one of the managers of the House of Refuge, and ward
For attending to one person. $20.00
66 two persons .. 25.00
three persons 30.00
four or five persons .. 40.00
All over five to ten, for each 5.00
All over ten, for each 3.00
" Resolved (secondly), That every practicing physician in the city of St. Louis annex his signature to the above bill of prices.
" We whose names are hereunto subscribed bind ourselves to observe the above regulations, under the penalty of being de- nounced as unworthy members of the medical faculty :
"Signed by Breton, D.M.M .; A. Moran, Docteur ; B. Graham, Horace Gaither, Samuel Merry, C. Tiffin, G. Brun, Cornelius Campbell, Stephen W. Roszett, John Woolfolk, Hardage Lane by Samuel Merry, G. W. Call, W. M. Millington."
66 34.
66 cupping.
1.00
bleeding
1.00
opening abscess .from $1.00 to 2.00 visit on the opposite side of the Missis- sippi River, 3.00
25.00 40.00 20.00 20.00
operating with trephine ..
50.00
elevating the skull, when the trephine is not used .$5.00 to 10.00 introducing catheter. 5.00
2.00
33.
41.
" I amputating carpus or tarsus ..
66
43.
66
couching cataract .. .. $30.00 to 70.00 removing polypus from uterus. nares .. $10.00 to 20.00
50.00
66
48.
"
50.
66
hip.
50.00
66 25.
reducing luxation of the lower jaw .. 5.00 elbow-joint .. ... 5.00 ¥ wrist .... 25.00 shoulder-joint ... 66 66 20.00 20.00
ankle ..
patella.
27.
3.
all tinctures, per ounce ... .50
66
6.
10.
55.
UNIVERSITY OF UNIPUIS.
Edwin Smith
1523
THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
physician for the poor of the Eighth Ward. He died Dec. 9, 1867, leaving a wife and two sons.
Dr. Adreon enjoyed the confidence and respect of the community. He ranked well among his pro- fessional brethren, by his personal qualities entitling himself to the friendly esteem of the social circles in which he moved, and by his municipal services com- manding the honor of the public. Agreeable in dis- position, and liberal in the devotion of time and money to the interests of the city and to those who stood in need of his services, he died regretted by all who knew him.
Dr. Edwin Bathurst Smith, for nearly fifty years an honored citizen of St. Louis, was born in Essex County, Va., towards the close of the last century. His father, Edwin Bathurst Smith, of " Bathurst Place," Va., belonged to one of the most distinguished families of the Old Dominion, and was the only brother of Gov- ernor George W. Smith, who perished in the burning of the Richmond Theatre in 1811, an event ren- dered memorable as well as appalling on account of the large number and high social position of those, of both sexes, who perished in the flames on that lamentable occasion.
His grandfather, Col. Merriwether Smith, bore a conspicuous part in the struggle for independence, both as a member of the House of Burgesses of Vir- ginia (serving on the committee which framed the Bill of Rights), and as the author of the American " Crisis." He was subsequently a member of the Congress of the United States from 1778 to 1783. His mother, Sallie Monroe, descended through a long line of distinguished ancestors from Sir Robert Mon- roe, Bart., of Fulis, Scotland, who came to this country in 1642, and settled in the northern neck of Virginia, and whose descendants filled an important place in the early history of the country.
Dr. Smith acquired his early education in the liter- ary institutions of his native State, after completing which he determined to qualify himself for the med- ical profession. With this view he went to England, bearing letters of introduction from his relative, Pres- ident Monroe, to the nobility and gentry. On arriv- ing in England he became the guest of the Marquis of Hawkbury, at whose suggestion he matriculated in the University of Edinburgh, at that time the most cel- ebrated seat of medical learning in the world. In this institution he completed his medical education, after which he spent some time in visiting the various cap- itals of Europe for the purpose of gratifying his taste in the study of chemistry, botany, geology, and ento- mology, the pursuit of which was to him a source of peculiar pleasure through life.
On returning to America he settled in New Orleans, where, with all the energy of youth and a well-stored mind, he commenced the practice of medicine. As might be expected, he soon became prominent, both as a practitioner and a writer on medical subjects. He was one of the founders of the Medical College of Louisiana, in which institution he filled the chair of Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics. He felt a special interest in the treatment of yellow fever, the scourge of the Southern metropolis, and was the first one to introduce the refrigerant regimen in the treatment of that formidable disease, by giving his patients cold drinks to slake their thirst and allay their burning fever.
In the first epidemic of cholera in this country in 1832, which proved so fatal in New Orleans, as well as in other places in the South and West, he was un- tiring in his efforts to stay the progress of the plague, and in the same year was honored by the Governor of Louisiana in being appointed a member of the Western Medical Board, charged with the sanitary affairs of the State. The periodicals of that date contain many arti- cles from his pen on medical and scientific subjects, which added to his reputation as a physician and sci- entist.
In 1838, when in the prime of life and in the suc- cessful practice of his profession, he was married to Miss Virginia Christy, the youngest daughter of Maj. William Christy, of St. Louis, so well known as one of its early settlers and most enterprising and honored citizens, a sketch of whose life and carcer is to be found in another part of this volume. The climate of New Orleans proved injurious to the health of his youthful bride, on which account Dr. Smith reluc- tantly consented to abandon the theatre of his suc- cessful labors and moved to St. Louis to reside. Here he spent the remainder of his life in literary and scientific pursuits, in gratifying his taste for letters, in looking after his property interests, and, assisted by his accomplished wife, in rendering his hospitable home the abode of domestic happiness and of social enjoy- ment to his and her numerous friends. Dr. Smith retained all his mental faculties to a ripe old age. On the 2d of February, 1883, after a brief illness, he died in his eighty sixth year, respected and beloved by all who knew him.
Dr. Smith was a man of fine native ability and of refined and cultivated manners,-a high-toned gentle- man of the old school, with whom honor and integrity towered above all other considerations.
Dr. Meredith Martin, one of the oldest physicians now living in St. Louis, was born in Kentucky in 1805, and studied medicine in the office of Dr. B. G.
1524
HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.
Farrar, commencing in 1828, the first student of medicine west of the Mississippi. He graduated in medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1832, and in 1838 married a daughter of John H. Gay, of St. Louis. His second marriage occurred in 1864, his wife being Mrs. Tracy, formerly Miss Morton, of St. Louis. He commenced practice in 1832, and was at once sent out to the Indian Territory to vaccinate the Indians, in which service he was engaged for sev- eral months, returning to the city at about the close of the terrible cholera visitation of that year. He then entered into general practice, and only within a few years has withdrawn from active service in the pro- fession. He was three times elected president of the St. Louis Medical Society, viz., in 1840, 1842, and 1845.
Dr. E. H. McCabe was born in Adams County, Pa., in 1801; received his collegiate education at Georgetown College, and graduated in medicine at the University of Maryland in 1822. He came to Mis- souri in the following year, and practiced medicine for two years at Fredericktown, and then at Kaskaskia, Ill., for seven years. From the year 1833 to 1849 he was engaged in practice in St. Louis, being asso- ciated in business with Dr Lewis- F. Lane, and after- wards with Dr. Hardage Lane. He was highly es- teemed as a physician and as a Christian gentleman. In 1849 his health became so seriously affected as to necessitate his withdrawal from active professional service. He died June 4, 1855, having suffered for five years from epithelioma of the face.
Dr. William Beaumont, whose name is known all over the world in connection with the observations made upon the subject of gastric digestion in the case of Alexis St. Martin, the Canadian boatman, was for many years a resident of St. Louis, where he died April 25, 1853, after a painful illness of a few weeks' duration. At the time of his death Dr. Beaumont was in the sixty-eighth year of his age, having been born in Lebanon, Conn., in the year 1785. In 1812, after studying medicine at St. Albans, Vt., for two years, he joined the Sixth Infantry, with the appointment of assistant surgeon. For more than twenty years he was a member of the medical staff of the regular army, being stationed at various points on the North- ern frontier. He served through the war of 1812 with distinction, being present, among other occasions of interest, at the capture of Fort George in May, 1813. In 1830 he was stationed at Jefferson Bar- racks, and afterwards in the arsenal at St. Louis. Two or three years later he resigned from the army and took up his residence in St. Louis. For many years he was considered by all odds the most promi-
nent surgeon in the city, and enjoyed a large and profitable practice. He was not only popular among the people, but had an excellent reputation in the profession.
That which has made his name best known to the profession, however, is the publication of his papers on the " Physiology of Digestion and Experiments on the Gastric Juice" (published in Boston in 1834). While stationed upon the northern frontier he was so fortunate as to be called to attend a Canadian boat- man named Alexis St. Martin, who had received a gunshot-wound in the abdomen that healed up in such a manner as to leave a fistulous opening. By means of this accidental fistula Dr. Beaumont was enabled to make a series of observations upon the nature of the gastric juice, and to solve many prob- lems with reference to the subject of digestion which had previously been unknown.
Dr. George Engelmann was born at Frankfort-on- the-Main, Feb. 2, 1809, was educated at Frankfort, Berlin, Heidelberg, and Würzburg, removed to the United States in 1832, and settled in St. Louis in 1835, where he has practiced medicine ever since. He was president of the St. Louis Medical Society in 1852. In 1836 he was one of the founders of the Western Academy of Natural Sciences, which held regular sessions for several years. The St. Louis Academy of Science was organized in March, 1856, and continues a valuable organization to the present time. Of this society Dr. Engelmann was for many years the president, and has contributed much to the value and interest of its sessions and its pub- lications.
For many years he carried on a very large and laborious practice, and was recognized as one of the leading practitioners in the city. He had a large midwifery practice, and was the first one in St. Louis to use the forceps in difficult cases, in which he was at first bitterly opposed by other practitioners.
In addition to the conduct of an arduous practice, he has made original investigations which have given him a world-wide fame as a botanist. He made me- teorology an especial study, principally as connected with the sanitary status, and has kept a record of meteorological observations now for over forty-seven years. Dr. Engelmann has practiced medicine in St. Louis longer than any other physician now living. At the age of seventy-four he is still occupied with study and work which many a younger man would consider onerous, and manifests an enthusiastic in- terest in professional and scientific affairs which would put to shame the indifference of those who have ! far less right to rest upon their laurels than he has.
LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF " UMIS.
,
Ity. Vaw Shuddiford h ..
1525
THE MEDICAL PROFESSION.
Dr. John Laughton was born in Sullivan County, N. H., in 1804. He attended two courses of lec- tures in the medical school of Woodstock, Vt., and cne at the Berkshire Medical Institute, at Pittsfield, where he graduated Dec. 11, 1833. He then prac- ticed medicine in Arlington, Vt., for six years, re- moving to St. Louis in the autumn of 1839. He built up a large business here, but of late failing strength and impaired health, with advancing years, have withdrawn him from active service in the pro- fession. He was one of the incorporators of the St. Louis Medical College at the time when it separated from the St. Louis University, and has been one of the board of trustees constantly to the present time.
Dr. Alexander Marshall was born cight miles from Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1810, of Scotch-Irish parent- age. His father dying when the boy was eight years of age, he went with his mother to Ireland, where he received his preliminary education. He pursued his medical education in Edinburgh, in the college of which the celebrated Professor Simpson filled the chair of surgery. In 1838 or 1839, Dr. Marshall came to the United States, and in selecting a location he made a tour of the principal Southern cities, spend- ing two or three months in New Orleans, whence he came to St. Louis in the year 1840. He imme- diately commenced the practice of his profession. With reference to this portion of his life, he once stated to an intimate friend that when he came to St. Louis he had but six hundred dollars in his pocket, which he expected would last him about six months, but instead of consuming that amount his practice was such that he added six hundred dollars to his finances in that time. He continued to prosper in his profession, and by good management and economy accumulated an estate valued at three hundred thou- sand dollars. A year previous to his death he married a lady from Mississippi, who survives him. He died Oct. 21, 1875.
Dr. Henry Van Studdiford 1 was born on the 2d of April, 1816, in Parcippeny, Morris Co., N. J. It was intended by those to whose charge he had been committed (having been left an orphan at the age of eight years) to prepare and educate liim for the min- istry. This idea, however, was soon discarded as the character of their young relative and ward began to develop. While not lacking in that deep reverence for everything connected with religion which is so characteristic of the school in which he was reared, his family being devout Presbyterians, he was gifted with superabundant energy and activity of body and
mind, and longed for a more exciting and combative sphere of life than that which generally falls to the lot of a clergyman. It was finally decided that he should become a physician, and having finished his academic course he entered the University of Penn- sylvania, and in due time graduated at that institu- tion. After practicing his profession for some time in the town of Madison, N. J., he determined to seek a more extended and a more promising field, and in accordance with this resolution removed to St. Louis, then a place of thirteen thousand or fourteen thou- sand inhabitants, where he arrived in 1839. He at once commenced the practice of his profession, and soon secured a leading place among the physicians of that period. Gifted with a suave and courteous man- ner, together with a splendid physique, he speedily won the confidence of his patients, which his skill as a physician developed into implicit trust.
About this time he met and married Margaret Thomas, the second daughter of Col. Martin Thomas, founder and first commandant, it is said, of the United States arsenal, a gentleman who, aside from his military standing, held the highest social position among the residents of old St. Louis, and possessed rare qualities of head and heart. The young physician, though a comparative stranger, mingled in that society, and encountered with success the by no means undistin- guished coterie of professional men and officers. At this early period he had, aside from his professional attainments, given evidence of rare business qualifica- tions. His superior foresight and judgment, together with an abiding faith which he seems ever to have cherished in the ultimate growth and prosperity of St. Louis, caused him to invest extensively in real estate, the natural and rapid increase in the value of which, together with the proceeds of a large and lucrative practice, have yielded him an ample fortune. Thus situated he has of late years withdrawn from the more laborious part of his practice, but still re- tains a large office business and occasionally responds to the calls of old and cherished friends. Though thus partially retired he has by no means lost his skill or his interest in his profession, and frequent demands are made by his professional brethren for his advice in consultations, on which occasions his deep penetra- tion, keen analytical powers of mind, and ripe expe- rience enable him to be of invaluable service in ob- taining a correct diagnosis of disease.
His retentive memory and wonderfully clear judg- ment, aided by a long and varied practice and great prognostic skill and knowledge in the treatment of patients, fully account for his extended popularity and success. Gifted with a commanding presence
1 Contributed by F. H. Burgess.
97
1526
HISTORY OF SAINT LOUIS.
which would distinguish him in any assembly, his manners in ordinary intercourse would be considered rather reserved than otherwise ; but among his more intimate friends this easily gives place to a more genial bearing, which discloses a mind well stored with professional and philosophical information, and a con- versation full of anecdote and reminiscence, made peculiarly interesting by his long and varied inter- course with distinguished men. Strong in his likes and dislikes, as men of his type generally are, he seems to have adopted the advice of Polonius in forming his friendships, and prefers, rather than dull his palm with entertainment with each new- hatched, unfledged comrade, to grapple to his soul with hooks of steel those friends whom he has tried, gathering about him a coterie of strong and faithful companions, who, from many a quiet and unheralded act of kindness and generosity, have learned how to estimate his sterling personal virtues.
After a long, interesting, and active practice, Dr. Van Studdiford is still in the enjoyment of unbroken health and physical vigor, and of mental faculties that give no sign of impairment, the result of a careful observance of that moderation, temperance, and cheerfulness which his profession inculcates as the most effective agency of the prevention and cure of disease. Indeed, he might still be responding to the calls of an active and varied general practice but for the demands of a large office and consulting business, and a desire to enjoy the society of family and friends and the pleasures of study and research.
In looking over the biographical sketches of a con- siderable number of the eminent living and dead practitioners of medicine in St. Louis, one will be struck with the large number of those who came to St. Louis in the course of a few years, from 1840 to 1845. Among them were Drs. McDowell, McPhee- ters, C. W. Stevens, S. G. Moses, J. B. Johnson, George Johnson, John S. Moore, M. M. Pallen, Linton, and Wislizenus, all of whom have left the impress of their minds and character upon the pro- fession by their work as teachers or as men of science.
Dr. Joseph Nash McDowell, one of the best-known physicians and surgeons who have ever practiced in St. Louis, was born in 1805, and came to St. Louis in the spring of 1840 from Cincinnati, where he had been associated in the Cincinnati Medical College with Drs. Drake, Gross, and other distinguished men. On coming here he immediately set to work to or- ganize a medical college.1 He was a fluent and cloquent
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