History of Muskingum County, Ohio ; with illustrations and biographical sketches of prominent men and pioneers, 1794, Part 19

Author: Everhart, J. F; Graham, A. A., Columbus, Ohio, pub
Publication date: 1882
Publisher: [Columbus, O.] : F.J. Everhart & Co.
Number of Pages: 600

USA > Ohio > Muskingum County > History of Muskingum County, Ohio ; with illustrations and biographical sketches of prominent men and pioneers, 1794 > Part 19

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The first glass works in Zanesville was duly chartered by the Legislature, May 13, 1815, with a capital fixed at $50,000. [See book D., p. 631, Muskingum County Records.] The works were known as the "White Glass Works," and were located on the site that is now the south- west corner of Third and Market streets. Some of the first shareholders were Isaac Van Horne, Samuel Sullivan, Samuel Herrick, Rees Cad- walader, David J. Marpole, John Hamm, and Ebenezer Buckingham. Samuel Sullivan was President of the company, and John Hamm, Secretary. Edmund Jones was Acting Superin- tendent. Elijah Ross made the blow pipes. Mr. Ross was the father of our worthy towns- man, A. C. Ross.

In 1816, James Taylor and Alexander Culbert- son built a window glass house on a site opposite the first canal locks, a little south of Slagor run. Mr. Culbertson operated there until 1823, when he died, after which Arnold Lippet, Thomas Murdock and Joseph Cassel operated the estab- lishment, successively.

In 1820, Thomas Mark leased and operated the "White Glass Works." At the expiration of two years, the works passed into the hands of Rev. Joseph Shepherd, Charles Bostwick and James Crosby, and they continued the business until 1835, when Mr. Bostwick withdrew ; three years later, Mr. Shepherd retired, and Mr. Crosby continued the business alone until 1839. when he closed the works.

About 1842, George W. Kearns, Joseph Burns, W. F. Spence, Thomas Reynolds, George Wendt and Samuel Turner, practical glass- blowers from Pittsburg, paid Mr. Crosby five hundred dollars each and began operating the works. They gave employment to about forty men. In 1844, Mr. Reynolds and Mr. Wendt sold their interest to the remaining partners : in 1846, Messrs. Turner and Spence disposed of their interest. Subsequently. Arnold Lippet obtained an interest in the works. In 1848. Mr. Burgess withdrew, leaving Mr. Lippet alone -- he abandoned the works-and, after operating the Cassel Window Glass Works as a bottle works for a short time, retired from the glass business.

In 1849, Messrs. Kearns, Burns and John W. C'arter built the first bottle factory in Putnam.

HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.

Noah Kearns, R. N. Dunlap and Jacob Stimley have had an interest in these works at different periods. The business was discontinued in 1877.

In 1860, G. W. Kearns, Noah Kearns and Joseph Burns rented, and soon after purchased, the Flint Glass House, built in 1852 by Wm. C. Cassel and Wm. Galligher, at the foot of Main street, In 1863. they built a new establishment- using the old one for a warehouse. The new works were operated in 1880 by Kearns, Herdman and Gorsuch. In 1864 Mr. Burns died, and his heirs withdrew their interest from the works. G. W. and Noah Kearns then built their glass house on the southwest corner of Main and First streets. and manufactured window glass exclus- ively. They ran both factories until 1868, when they were joined by James Herdman and Joseph T. Gorsuch ; in 1874, Wm. T. Gray became a member of the firm; in 1877, G. W. Kearns withdrew and built the Seventh Ward Bottle House, which is in successful operation.

For the data of Zanesville glass works, we are indebted to Messrs. G. W. Kearns, S. P. Bailey and William Bay, of Zanesville, and J. B. H. Bratshaw, of Detroit, formerly of this city.

HATTERS .- 1800-The beautiful hat and fur stores which adorn Zanesville, in our day, had their origin in a log shanty, in what is now the Seventh Ward, in 1800. A Mr. Molesberry began the manufacture of hats. He was the first hatter in Zanestown. James Jennings, hatter, came in 1801, and also located in "Natchez," now known as the Seventh Ward.

In 1803, David Herron came and built a log house, and in partnership with his brother James (who made the first brick in Zanesville), carried on the hatter's business for many years.

1805 .- Mr. James Culbertson, the hatter, engaged in the manufacture of wool hats, and caps from the skin of muskrat, coon and other fur-bearing animals, which were then plentiful in the country. Mr. Culbertson's shop was loca- ted on the southwest corner of Fifth and Market streets. In this shop was made the first silk hat manufactured in this city.

1812 .-- Among the first to engage extensively in the manufacture of felt hats, was Richard Galagher, at shop southwest corner of Fifth street and Locust alley. Here he carried on the business until 1832 ; he died at Louisville, Ky., while on his way home from a trading trip down the river.

1817 .- Walter McKinney opened a hat store at what is now 171 Main street, Zanesville. This lot was then occupied by a small brick store.

James Dutro opened a hat and fur store in 1820, in an old frame building, which then occu- pied 202 Main street.

Other early hatters here were Mr. Mathew Ferguson, 1820, and J. B. Allen, 1827.

LAND OFFICE .- In the year 1800, Wyllys Silli- man was appointed Register, and General Isaac Van Vorne Receiver of the Land Office located at Zanestown.

The following was found in the "Muskingum Messenger" of July 27, 1814 :

"LAND OFFICE AT ZANESTOWN .- July Ist, 1814. Whereas, it is provided by the 5th section of an act of Congress passed on the 10th day of May, 1800, entitled "An Act to amend an Act providing for the sale of the lands of the United States, in the territory northwest of the Ohio, and above the mouth of the Kentucky river,' as follows, viz: 'If any tract shall not be com- pletely paid for within one year after the date of the last payment, the tract shall be advertised for sale by the Register of the Land Office within whose district it may lie, in at least five of the most public places in the said district, for at least twenty days before the day of the sale ; and he shall sell the same at vendue, during the session of the Court of Quarter Sessions of the county in which the Land Office is kept, for a price not less than the whole arrears due thereon, with the expenses of sale,' the surplus, if any, shall be returned to the original purchaser or to his legal representatives ; but if the sum due, with interest, be not bidden and paid, then the land shall revert to the United States, and all monies paid therefor shall be forfeited, and the Register of the Land Office may proceed to dis- pose of the same to any purchaser, as in the case of other lands at private sale.

In pursuance whereof, Public notice is hereby given, that the following tracts not being com- pletely paid for, and one year having elapsed since the last installment became due, the said tracts will be exposed for sale at public vendue, during the sitting of the Court, on Monday, August 29th, at 10 o'clock A. M. Those tracts not sold may be entered next morning at 5 o'clock.

If the owner, or owners, of any tract of land, or any person in his or her behalf, shall pay the purchase money, interest and costs, prior to the day designated for sale, no sale of such tract shall take place :

Peter Sprinkle, se. qr. sec. 12, T. 3 R. 3. Thos. Knowles, nw. qr. sec, 8, T. I R. 3. Wm. Gibson, sw. qr. sec. 22, T. 4 R. 3. Wm. Claypool. ne. qr. sec. 24, T. 3 R. 9. Wm. Robinson, ne. qr. sec. 13, T. 4 R. 6. same . ne. qr. sec. 8, T. 4 R. 6.

same ne. qr. sec. 3, T. 4 R. 6. WYLLYS SILLIMAN, Register Land Office."

LIVERY STABLE .- This is one of the necessities in every community, and yet seldom mentioned as such. The transition from village to city life. however. is demonstrated by the inauguration of the convenience of the livery stable, and the oldest inhabitant invariably recognizes this as a land mark and an important feature of the past.

From the Zanesville "Express," of September 30th, 1818, the following was obtained :

" Livery Stable .- Horses, wagons, gigs and apparatus constituting a livery establishment, kept to let, exchange, or sell, at the stable in rear of the Zanesville Coffee House, where travelers

HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.

and others may be accommodated with the op- portunity to barter, buy or sell any of the ap- purtenances common to the establishment, as their circumstances may dictate.'

JAMES M. PRESCOTT & Co."

This was the first establishment of the kind, as far as we have any record.

MARBLE WORKS .- Prior to 1812, Rev. Joseph Shepherd was engaged in making tombstones, on North Fifth street, near Market street. At that.time no marble was imported, and tomb stones were made of sand stone, and sometimes, though rarely, from lime stone. Preacher Shep- herd worked during the week days at this busi- ness and preached on Sundays. The inscrip- tions on such stones yielded to the wintry blasts and scorching rays of summer sun, and many, now to be seen in the City Cemetery, are as black as before they were cut.

In 1847, S. G. McBride bought out this busi- ness and continued it for some years. Such were the pioneers who opened-the way for the present mammoth establishments ; whose rooms are adorned with rarest marbles and enduring granites, cut and shaped in significant beauty. Indeed, monumental architecture is now one of the fine arts.

MARKET HOUSE .- At a meeting of the Town Council, June 5, 1814, the expediency of erect- ing a public Market House was considered, and thereupon application was made to the County Commissioners for permission to erect a house for this purpose. The site chosen was known as the Public Square, the same now occupied by the court house and jail. The petition was not granted, and the Council decided to erect the building on Market street, east of Court alley, now occupied by the market house, and built a frame structure, fronting thirty-five feet on Market street and having a depth of forty- three feet. The contract was let to John L. and James Cochran, for one hundred and fifty dollars, and after its completion John L. Cochran was appointed Market Master, for which he was al- lowed fifty dollars per annum. He was also Town Marshal, with a compensation of one hun- dred and fifty dollars per annum.

As might be inferred, this market house was a frail structure, for none other could be built for the price, and it proved to be too slight to bear up the snow that fell on the roof, as on the 24th of January, 1863, it came. down with a crash, killing, maiming, wounding and bruising many. From the "Courier" of that date, we learn that Mrs. Mary A. Gary, wife of D. B. Gary, attorney, then in the army, Mrs. Nelson, of the Third ward, Mrs. Smith, of South Sixth street. Chris- tian Riedel, a baker, on Market street, were killed ; and Mr. Achauer, David Edwards, John Stevens, Wm. Taylor, HI. McCall, Mr. Stotts, John O'Harra, Thomas Durban, Policeman, Joe Johnson, Mrs. Carlow, George Miller and Mrs. Miller, were wounded and bruised ; Amos Risley, John Beck and twenty others were bruised and otherwise injured.

STONE MASONS .- In the fall of 1799, David Beam came to the new settlement. He built the stone chimney for John McIntire's log cabin. In December, 1801, he built the stone chimney for J. F. Monroe's log house, on the southeast corner of Second and Main streets.

Ebenezer Buckingham, Sr., arrived in the latter part of the year 1800. There is, however, no record of his early work.

Samuel Goff and family came in 1805. He was a brick and stone mason, and built chim- neys.

In 1805, Jacob Houck was one of the masons and became noted as a skilled workman, and in 1809 worked upon the old State House.

Thomas Goff learned the trade with Jacob and worked at it in 1812-13, and his son, Wil- liam, became a bricklayer, but became partly insane from a blow on the head. "Billy Goff" was well known. Other masons of that period were Daniel Holton, Elijah H. Church and John P. Coulton. Mr. Church learned his trade with the latter. E. H. C.

BRICK .- First made in 1802, by James Herron, brother of David, the hatter. In the following vear, he made another kiln of bricks, Mr. Brazilla Rice, a New Englander, superintending the making and burning, on the ground at the head of Main street-the same ground now being oc- cupied by the wagon and blacksmith shop below 'Squire Herschy's residence. Afterwards, Mr. Brazilla Rice made several kiln of brick at the head of Marietta street.

Joseph Whitney burned brick in 1803, some- where in the region now known as the seventh ward.

John Lee had a brick yard near North Under- wood street ; he burned the brick used in the "old 1809 Court House."

Captain James S. Parkinson was an extensive brick manufacturer from about 1810, and later ; his kilns were on his farm, two and a half miles southeast of Zanesville, on the Marietta road.

MATCHES .- Perhaps no industry apparently so small has made such strides as this. It is within the memory of the living that half a cen- tury ago, fire was obtained by many by rubbing dry pieces of wood together, and but a few years later by the flint and steel. These began to be superseded by the lucifer match, imported from England about 1833.

In 1834, Wm. G. Thompson, of the firm of Hoge & Thompson, Zanesville, analyzed the material upon some lucifer matches that they had imported from England, and after some ex- perimenting produced a match equally as good and began the manufacture of matches at No. 82 Market street, and in a short time gave em- ployment to about twenty-five girls in dipping matches. These were put up in boxes contain- ing one hundred and sold at twenty-five cents per package. Almost the first matches they made were sent to New York city, on an order. from which it may be inferred that no matches were made there. It is claimed that the first

HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.

friction, or lucifer, matches produced in the United States were made in Zanesville.

MILLS .- {Data largely obtained by E. H. Church. ] From Marietta records it appears that in 1798 a mill for making flour was erected on Wolf Creek, about one mile above the mouth, by Colonel Robert Oliver, Major Hatffield White and Captain John Dodge, and it is said this was the first mill building in Ohio. The second was begun soon after by Enoch Shepherd, Colonel Ebenezer Sproat and Thomas Stanley, and lo- cated on Duck Creek, but "the Indian war" and the floods of 1790 interrupted its opera- tions.

In 1798, a floating mill was built five miles up the Muskingum river by Captain Jonathan Duval, which, according to Dr. S. P. Hildreth, "for'some years did nearly all the grinding for the inhabitants on the Ohio and Muskingum for fifty miles above and below the mill."-["Pioneer History of the Ohio Valley," p. 442, 1848].

In 1799 John Mathews built a floating mill, which was anchored at the point of rocks, then on the west side of the river, close to where 'the Putnam Bridge' now is.

"In the fall of 1801, the Springfield Company built a wing dam on the second falls, leaving the Zanesville shore open for boats to pass, and then built a grist and saw mill. The contract was let December 9th of that year to John Sharp, for $200 cash and three gills of whisky daily un- til the job was completed.

The first large grist mill in this part of the country was the Moxahala mill, completed in 1803 or 1804 by John Mathews. It was located at the falls of Jonathan's Creek, about a mile and a half below the mouth of that stream. People came from twenty-five and thirty miles around to this mill.

In 1806, John McIntire built a mill-race (north of Hatcher & Co.'s coffin factory) and a saw mill. Daniel McLain and David Urie dug the race, which filled with sand every time the river was up, so that the mill was not a success.

In 1831, Samuel Frazey built a grist mill on 'Flat Run'; his brother-in-law, John Morrow, had charge of the run for a number of years and made first rate flour, several hundred barrels of which were sent to New Orleans by boats. The mill was about a mile from where the run emp- tied into the river and subsequently failed for want of water.

1816 .- During this year, a company was formed composed of Colonel Andrew Jackson, Nathan Finley, Jeremiah Dare, Daniel Convers, Jeffrey Price, James Taylor, Thomas L. Pierce, Samuel Thompson, Christian Spangler and Alex. Adair, under the firm name of Jackson & Co., to build a mill. This firm erected what was known as Jackson & Co's mill, on the west side of the Muskingum, just north of the mouth of the Licking river. It contained two run of stone for grinding wheat and one run for mak- ing corn meal ; a saw mill and a linseed oil mill were subsequently attached. The oil mill was

operated by Richard Fairlamb. The mill was in a three-story frame building built by Robert Fulton, Isaac Hazlett and Daniel Convers. In 1840-41 the mill was torn down.

In 1817 The Jackson Company Mill was built -located on the west side of Muskingum river, just north of the mouth of the Licking river- about forty feet from the old dam, and received its power through a small race-using what they called a reaction water-wheel-which was prob- ably a turbine wheel. The company was com- posed of Colonel Andrew Jackson, Nathan Find- ley, Isaac Hazlett, Jeremiah Dare, Daniel Con- vers, Jeffry Price, James Taylor, Thomas L. Pierce, Samuel Thompson, Christian Spangler, and Alex. Adair. Jackson operated the mill un- til near the time of his death, 1836. About the time this mill was in operation, and in the same mill, was a linseed oil mill, operated by Richard Fairlamb.

In 1818 and 1819 the Granger mill was built by James Granger, (father of Hon. M. M. Granger), on a site near the head of the canal and the old dam, just north of the Cassel mill. The building was 80x50, three stories, and had four run of stone, and a capacity of one hundred barrels per day. An addition of 99x30 and two stories was added in 1822, and two more run of stone. Many farmers came sixty and seventy miles to mill, and sold their wheat for twenty-five cents per bushel, to get money to pay for their land ; this was the only market in southeastern Ohio. The Granger mill burned down, August 9, 1829, and was not rebuilt. About this time, Isaac Dillon built a saw mill at the mouth of the Licking, north side, and subsequently a flour mill, just above the bridge, near the old dam, and leased the latter to several operators. This mill was carried away by high water in 1830, and in 1839 the saw mill was rebuilt, and in 1840 partially burned ; in 1843 it was rented to John Deavers, who operated it till 1845, when it was rented to Francis Cassidy and Robert Lee, and was subsequently sold to Mr. L. Cassidy, who operated it until 1847, when it was sold to James Miller, and he operated it until it was washed away in 1860. Mr. J. Miller immediately erected a steam mill on the west side of the Muskingum river, at the foot of McIntire avenue. This is now the only saw mill in Zanesville.

In 1825 George and Richard Reeve built their flouring mill at the east end of the Main street bridge, south side ; it had six run of stone and was operated until 1830, when Richard withdrew and was succeeded by George Reeve. Jr., son of one of the builders, who operated the mill for a number of years and became involved-a Wheeling bank aided them with money-taking a mortgage on the property which was forclosed in 1848, and the mill was idle until July, 1851, when Wm. Sturges, James McConnell and Chas .. Blandy, under the firm name of McCon- nell & Blandy, bought the property for $18,000 ; the mill was remodeled and its capacity increased to 400 barrels per twenty-four hours. The mill was sold to Wm. Galigher in the spring of 1855

HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.

for $21,000, and operated until the death of Mr. Galigher in 1860, when Charles Galigher as- sumed the management until 1864 when the property was again involved. The mill was next operated by C. T. Aston in the interest of the mortgagees. About this time the State Board of Public Works seized the mill for arrears in water rent and leased the premises for thirty years to Ball & Cassidy, who subsequently transferred their lease to Paul H. Kemerer (about 1870).

In 1828-9 Isaac Dillon built the Pataskala mill and operated it until 1835, when he sold it to Moses Dillon, who, in turn, sold it to Solomon and William Sturges. The mill was built on the bank of the Licking. Mr. Dillon also erected a saw mill, woolen mill and flax seed oil mill. This woolen mill made the first figured woolen carpet in this part of Ohio. In 1855, the mill was sold to William Beaumont; in 1860 the north abutment of the dam gave away and these mills were greatly damaged. The oil mill was moved down the Muskingum river and located next to Pratt's mill. The dam and mills were repaired by Mr. Beaumont. In 1868 a part of the dam washed out again, whereupon Mr. Beaumont built a new dam at a cost of $2,502. In 1872 the mill was completely overhauled and repaired and two turbine water wheels replaced the old reaction wheels. About the time Mr. Beaumont had his mill completed, he died, January 19th, 1873. The mill was then operated by Mrs. William Beaumont. In 1828 the Cassel mill was built by Cushing, Martin and Pierce. In 1843 one-half the mill passed to the ownership of Wil- liam C. Cassel, who, in 1852-3, made a brick addition to the mill, and about this time the en- tire ownership passed to him and he operated the mills for a quarter of a century, when, in 1873, he left it by will to his wife who caused it to be operated until 1875 when she leased it to Picker- ing, Grant & Co., who introduced some modern machinery and ran the mills until November Ist, 1381, when their lease expired and Mr. Cassel resumed control as per the following notice :

"CASSEL & Co .- The undersigned, owner of the well known mills so long carried on by Wil- liam C. Cassel, will continue the manufacture and sale of flour, corn meal, buckwheat flour, mill feed, etc., under the old style of 'Cassel & Co.' She has engaged George H. Stewart, Esq., to act as her General Agent, and Captain Charles Grant as Mill Manager and Superin- tendent.

LYDIA CASSEL."

"1830-Nash & Co. had a steam saw mill in operation near the north end of Third street bridge. Later this mill was owned and oper- ated by Messrs Hughes & Spurck until it was torn down:

1832-Jesse Dare and Alfred Printz built a two-story steam saw mill, a little north of Nash & Co.'s mill, in 1832 ; a peculiarity of this mill was that the engine was placed in the upper story of the building. The mill was in operation up to 1838.

The Balentine & Clark mill was built in 1817

for a brewery, and in 1835 was converted into a flour mill and run as such for two years, after which time it stood idle until 1842, when Wil- liam Beaumont rented it for one year. About 1845, it was converted into a white lead works, which were short lived. The building was burnt in the spring of 1853."

1840 .-- Mr. Richard Fairlamb erected a flour- ing mill in 1840, using a part of the timber with which the old Jackson & Co. mill had been built. In this mill were also used the great French buhr stones, that were brought from Philadelphia in 1816 for the old Jackson mill. These stones were said to have been six feet in diameter, and to have cost $8 per hundred pounds for trans- portation from place of purchase to Zanesville. The total freight bill is reported to have been $900. In 1841 Mr. Fairlamb added a saw-mill and a linseed oil mill to the flouring mill, and operated the whole until 1843, when Michael Dulty bought the property and run the mill until 1850. John S. Platt then purchased the proper- ty, and he finally transferred it to Mr. Drone.

1866 .- Daniel Applegate bought the City Flouring Mill.

1878 .- Josiah B. Allen put in operation the Pearl Mills.

In 1866, Daniel Applegate built the City Mill , a brick structure running west from Potter Alley to Third street, where it has a frontage with two stores (Ward's and Clement's). The mill has six run of stone, with a capacity of 150 barrels per 24 hours, making only merchant flour ; no grist work done.

In 1878, the Pearl Mill, formerly City Power House No. 1, built in 1844 ; the property was repaired and one story added by Josiah Allen in 1878, and the machinery and five run of stone put in, at a cost of $10,000. The capacity is 100 barrels per 24 hours. The greater part of the flour made in this mill finds an Eastern market. It is exclusively a wheat flour mill.

Interesting Facts in Flour Making .- The miller of to-day must not only be a machinist, comprehending the specific purpose of each piece of machinery, but, with the skill of a man- ufacturer, he must be able to repair any defect or loss by wear that may occur, and thus keep the mill in running order. In this connection, he must unite that practical application of chem- istry that regulates the movements of the ma- chinery so as to secure the best flour.

The form and composition of a single grain of wheat must be understood, in order to discrim- inate between the different grades and separate them for the different qualities of flour ; some parts of the wheat being only fit for feed, while others yield the highest grade of flour.

These qualifications are made absolutely neces- sary by the inventor of the machinery, who has specially adapted each part to a work compre- hended in what has been said as the qualification of a miller. For example : Before the introduc- tion of the "New Process" of making flour, it was thought to be only necessary to clean the wheat reasonably well, grind it fine, and also

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History of Muskingum County, Ohio ; with illustrations and biographical sketches of prominent men and pioneers, 1794, Part 19

Author: Everhart, J. F; Graham, A. A., Columbus, Ohio, pub Publication date: 1882 Publisher: [Columbus, O.] : F.J. Everhart & Co. Number of Pages: 600

Author: Everhart, J. F; Graham, A. A., Columbus, Ohio, pub
Publication date: 1882
Publisher: [Columbus, O.] : F.J. Everhart & Co.
Number of Pages: 600