USA > Ohio > Muskingum County > History of Muskingum County, Ohio ; with illustrations and biographical sketches of prominent men and pioneers, 1794 > Part 42
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" We must have men well versed in Jewish the- ology.thorough Hebrew scholars and Talmudists, who shall be able to take our part in the relig- ious controversies the age is so pregnant with. The study of the law is paramount to every- thing.'
The Union of American-Hebrew Congrega- tions was instituted in July, 1873. The Jewish Theological Seminary was inaugurated and lo- cated in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1874, and is con- trolled by a Board of Trustees, elected by the Executive Board of the Union.
The Congregational burial ground, comprising two acres, is situated on William Hollingsworth's farm, on the National road, two miles from the court house.
HUNGARIAN BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION .- This society is otherwise called the Hebrew Church. and was organized in 1874. The following are among the prominent members: B. Froch, H. Weber, J. Haber, W. Freedman, and S. New- man ; Rabbies-D. Feierlicht, served from the beginning of the organization until 1877, when he was succeeded by Marcus B. Numark, the present incumbent. The present membership is forty ; the place of meeting is in the hall, on the corner of Seventh and Main streets.
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HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
AFRICAN WESLEYAN METHODIST CHURCHI .- This organization was formed by sixteen mem- bers withdrawing from the African M. E. Church. The new church was organized, July 24th, 1875, by authority of the Miami Conference, the Pres- ident, Thomas Clinton, officiating. The first re- ligious services were held in the Seventh Ward school house, from whence they moved to Best's Hall, on the corner of Main street and Diamond alley. During their sojourn here, the congrega- tion erected a neat frame church, twenty-two feet by thirty, one story high, situate on Tarry street, Seventh Ward, at a cost, including the lot, of $597.
The first officers were: Trustees-Thomas Writ, Henry Shenon, and Andy Tivis.
Stewards-Randolph Barnett and Henry New- son.
Class-leader-Philip Paden.
Clerk -- Amos C. Guy.
Superintendent of Sabbath-School-John Al- exander.
The first pastor was Dalton Roberts, of the Miami Conference, highly spoken of for zeal and piety, the fruits of his labor being grace and strength in the church. He served fifteen months, when he was succeeded by William Carr, from the same conference ; his service was brief. The church subsequently secured the services of Jo- seph Bane, the present pastor, who was installed in August, 1877.
The present officers are: Trustees-Henry Newsom, Andy Tivis, and Abraham Anderson. Steward-Randolph Barnett.
Clerk- Pleasant Henderson.
Class-leader-Philip Paden.
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Superintendent of Sabbath-School-Mary Pet- tengall.
The congregation now numbers thirty-four members, "in good and regular standing," and is subject to the jurisdiction of " the Central Ohio Conference," Rev. George Richy, President.
THE WELSH CHURCH-Was organized Octo- ber 24th, 1875, at the Sixth Ward Hose House, and at the same meeting the following officers were elected :
Deacons-John J. James, Thomas D. Williams, and Thomas D. Davis.
Secretary-William T. Jones.
The congregation numbered twenty-five, and continue to occupy the upper part of the Hose House.
The Deacons, in 1880, were Thomas D. Davis and Robert Evans.
Secretary-David T. Williams.
Treasurer-Eph Miles.
The membership, at this time, was thirty. The church polity is congregational, but not subject to any general authority outside of its own.
A Sabbath School was organized on the same day with the church, and the following officers elected.
Superintendent-Thomas Williams.
Treasurer-Edward Jenkins.
Secretary-W. T. Jones.
UNION SUNDAY SCHOOL .- E. H. Church re- membered that the first Sunday School in Zanes- ville was held in the old court house, in the spring of 1816. The pioneers in this movement were Nathan C. Findley, Thomas Moorehead, Jeremiah Dale, and Joseph Church (father of E. H. Church.) A committee of fourteen young ladies was appointed to solicit scholars, of which Miss Sarah , Van Horne was President, Miss Rebecca Perry, Vice President, and Miss Mary O. Burnham, Secretary. Joseph Shep- herd joined the little band soon after, and aided greatly in organizing and supporting the school.
The first female teachers were Mrs. Edith Dil- lon and Miss Maria Mervin ; other members of the school were Jane Kelly. Emily Cummins, Patience Van Horne, Harriet Convers, Abigail Burnham, Rosanna and Rebecca Perry, E. H. Church, Dr. Washington Moorehead, W. C. Moorehead, William and Stephen Burwell, and others. The teacher of each class was assisted by a monitor, who wore a card with the word Monitor printed on it, suspended by a blue rib- bon around the neck.
There was no "color line," and blacks and whites mingled according to circumstances.
It was a Union School, a true Christian al- liance, composed of Presbyterians, Methodists, Baptists, Episcopalians, and Lutherans. I do not remember who was the Superintendent, but am inclined to the belief that it was the Rev. J. Parmile. Among the teachers, I recollect Harry and Dr. Safford, Nathan E. Findley, Cashier of the Muskingum bank, Elder Whipple, Dr. Mathews, Judge Putnam, Leonard Bailey, and Thomas Moorehead. ' The only female teacher I can recall was Miss Sarah Waglam. Sunday Schools of that day had no libraries. A Sunday School literature had to be invented.
The only books were the earliest additions of the Bible, printed by the American Bible Society, and the New Testament, Watt's Hymns for youthful minds, and the New England Primer, containing the Shorter Catechism.
SIGNIFICANT INCIDENT .- One Sabbath there came to the school a young man, known to all as the driver of an ox cart. He was a regular specimen of Brother Jonathan, tall, straight as an Indian, dressed in tow linen breeches and shirt, minus a hat, coat and shoes. His hair, which was fiery red, resembled a brush-heap.
He was as deficient in education as he was in outward adornment, and particularly gifted in the art of swearing. He was handed over to Deacon Shepherd, who had charge of some of the most refractory boys. Kindly addressing him by name, he pointed to the alphabet in large letters in the primer, and asked him if he knew them ; "Gosh, no, I never seed them afore. I . don't know nary one." He then pointed to the first letter, and said: "Is that A ?" " Good God! I have often heard tell of it, but never seed it." The good Deacon told him he must not take the Lord's name in vain. "Well, I'll be darned if it don't beat all natur." "Tut, Tut, my good man, you must not swear so."
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HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
The Deacon did not give him up as hopeless, but taught him the alphabet, and finally to read. His manners became improved, and he became a professor of religion, and a valuable and consis- tent member of the Baptist Church.
CHAPTER XIII. SECRET SOCIETIES.
THE MASONIC FRATERNITY-DIRECTORY OF MA- SONIC ORGANIZATIONS IN ZANESVILLE, 1881- ODD FELLOWSHIP-ODD FELLOWS' BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION REPORT-GRAND UNITED ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS, [COLORED]-DRUIDS-IN- DEPENDENT ORDER OF RED MEN-KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS-B'NAI BRITH-KESHER SHEL BARSEL -KNIGHTS OF HONOR-ROYAL ARCANUM -- PA- TRIOTIC ORDER SONS OF AMERICA.
MASONIC FRATERNITY.
SPECULATIVE FREEMASONRY IN MUSKINGUM COUNTY.
BY J. HOPE SUTOR, PAST MASTER,
The age, the universality, and the potent influ- ence of the society known as Free and Accepted Masons, has caused it to be an object of both patronage and persecution for ages ; the rigors of the Spanish inquisition could not unravel its mysteries, nor prevent its assemblies, and the special franchises which Masonic monarchs have been pleased to confer upon it have not bred in it arrogance, nor corruption. It has pursued its peaceful way, unmindful of ecclesiastical de- nunciation and legislative proscriptions, and will cease its labors only when sorrow and oppres- sion shall cease to exist.
The history of such an organization, constitutes a chapter in the history of all countries, and a brief one is here given of its introduction and progress in Muskingum county.
CRAFT MASONRY.
The introduction of Freemasonry, as an organ- ized body, into Muskingum county, is almost co- incident with the formation of the county.
On Saturday, the 25th day of May, 1805, Wil- liam Raynolds, William Smyth, Levi Whipple, Daniel Converse, Abel Lewis and Lewis Cass, held a meeting in Zanesville, and, "after becom- ing known to each other as Master Masons, in the manner prescribed by the rules of the craft, entered into conversation respecting the practic- ability and propriety of procuring a charter, au- thorizing them to hold a Lodge in this place ; and, in order to determine the question, appoint- ed Brother Smyth, Brother Cass, and Brother Raynolds, a committee, for the purpose of pre- paring such resolutions, relative to the object of the meeting, as to them should seem expedient, and to report to this meeting on Saturday next."
The committee were zealous Masons, and at
once went to work, as the following paper suffi- ciently attests ; the original of this ancient docu- ment is the property of the Lodge of Amity, of Zanesville, and is conspicuously displayed as one of its valued relics, in its Lodge room :
"We, the undersigned, Master Masons, desir- ous to procure the establishment of a Lodge in this place, and for that purpose to open a communi- cation with the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, do hereby associate ourselves together, and do agree to submit to the decision of a majority, and contribute our mutual share of the expense in the procurement of that object."
W. RAYNOLDS, WILLIAM SMYTH, DANIEL CONVERSE, LEVI WHIPPLE, ABEL LEWIS, LEWIS CASS, I. VAN HORNE, SETH FULLER, NOYCE STONE, F. CRAFT.
Zanesville, May 25, 1805.
This paper is in the handwriting of Lewis Cass, who acted as the Secretary at these early meetings. On Saturday, June 1, 1805, another meeting was held, the attendance being the same as before, except that Daniel Converse was ab- sent, and General Isaac Van Horne was present. The committee reported that the object was "at- tainable," and William Smyth, Lewis Cass and William Raynolds were appointed a committee to prepare and forward the petition to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, and solicit the endorse- ment and co-operation of Washington Lodge, of Philadelphia. to the petition, when before the Grand Lodge.
On Tuesday, the 4th day of June, another meeting was held, the attendance being the same as at the last meeting, with the addition of Seth Fuller and Noyce Stone, a fellow craft. An election of officers, to be recommended to the Grand Lodge, was held, resulting in the election of Lewis Cass, as Worshipful Master ; William Smyth, Senior Warden ; Seth Fuller, Junior Warden ; Isaac Van Horne, Treasurer, and William Raynolds, Secretary.
On June 24. 1805, St. John's Day, the Grand Lodge, of Pennsylvania, granted the prayer of the petitioners, but, as the charter fee had not ac- companied the petition, some delay occurred in its issuance by the Secretary of the Grand Lodge, and it was not until May 28, 1806, that the War- rant, Dispensation, Book of Constitution, By- Laws of the Grand Lodge, forms for Returns, and Seal, were placed in care of a Captain Tay- lor for delivery to the craftsmen, at Zanesville.
Notwithstanding the fact that so much of the correspondence pertaining to the organization of the first Lodge in Muskingum county exists, there is no paper in existence, either in the Lodge of Amity, or the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, by which to determine the date of the Constitution of the Lodge.
The authority to constitute the Lodge was ad-
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HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
dressed to Isaac Van Horne, who was Past Mas- ter of Lodge No. 57, held at Newtown, Penn- sylvania, from which Lodge he withdrew, September 3, 1805: his power
as the Grand Master's proxy did not, however, reach him until after the expiration of the time for which it was issued; the craft were therefore much depressed at the difficul- ties which beset them in their efforts to establish the Lodge, and Brother Van Horne assumed the responsibility of acting upon his expired proxy, which fact he reported to the Grand Lodge in a letter, dated September 23, 1806, and on October 20, 1806, his letter was read to the Grand Lodge, whereupon it sanctioned the act.
The ceremony of constituting the Lodge, oc- curred between the latter part of June and the first of September ; possibly subsequent to June 24th, because the dispensation would be likely to be in force until that day ; and it is evident that it was prior to the first of September, because the Lodge possesses a copy of the Book of Constitu- tion presented to it September 7, 1806, by Lewis Cass, and its first record, September 26, 1806, shows it to be in working order, with a code of By-Laws.
The Lodge was organized in a two story, frame, hotel building, owned by Isaac Van Horne, and occupied by Benoni Pierce, situated on the corner of Main and Fifth streets, where the Zane House now stands. Early in 1807, the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, presented the Lodge with a set of silver jewels, which are still in possession of the Lodge, and, until their re- ceipt, we may infer that the Lodge acted upon the suggestion of the Grand Secretary, and used pasteboard imitations.
August 2d, 1807, the Lodge endorsed the plan for the organization of a Grand Lodge in the State of Ohio, and on January 4th, 1808, Isaac Van Horne and Lewis Cass met the delegates from the other Lodges in the State, at Chilli- cothe, where, on motion of Brother Cass, it was resolved, "That it is expedient to form a Grand Lodge in this State." On January 26th, 1809, the Grand Lodge of Ohio issued a dispensation to the Lodge of Amity, as No. 5, (its number in the Pennsylvania register having been 105), and on January 15th, 1812, a charter was issued, in which the privileges granted by the Pennsylva- nia charter, of meeting either at Zanesville or Putnam, were continued to the Lodge. The early meetings of the Lodge alternated between Zanesville and Putnam, wherever convenient and suitable apartments could be secured, at private residences, hotels, court house, etc., until the year 1817, during which the last meeting was held in Putnam ; the Lodge then met in the Sen- ate Chamber, in the court house, until December 18th, 1861, when it moved into its own hall, on Market street, adjoining the present Masonic Hall, on the west, whence it removed to the pres- ent commodious apartments in the Masonic Hall, corner of Market and Fourth streets, its first meeting in which was held April 9th, 1858.
This Lodge, and its daughter, Lafayette No.
79, successfully resisted the anti-Masonic craze, 1830-37, and has maintained uninterrupted ex- istence for seventy-five years.
The second Lodge organized in the county, was Lafayette No. 79, of Zanesville, for which a dispensation was issued May 16th, 1825, and the Lodge met for the first time in the Masonic Hall (now school building), on Market street, May 25th, of the same year, the following breth- ren being present : George James, Worshipful Master ; Calvin Conant, Senior Warden ; Wil- liam Blocksom, Junior Warden ; L. L. Hamline, Senior Deacon ; Isaac Van Horne, Treasurer ; H. Safford, Secretary ; visitors : J. T. Fracker, Jun- ior Deacon ; William Twaddle, Steward and Ti- ler, and Joshua Downer.
The name of this Lodge is indicative of the patriotic sentiment of the members ; the beloved French patriot and Mason, Lafayette, was expect- ed at Zanesville, on his tour through Ohio, and extensive preparations for his reception were made, but he passed east by another route. It is worthy of note that three applications for Lodges were made to the Grand Master about the same time, and each selected Lafayette as its title-to honor it and be honored. At the Janu- ary session, 1826, of the Grand Lodge, all these Lodges applied for charters, the one to the Zanes- ville Lodge being dated January 10th, 1826. February 24th, the first election was held, and on April 26th, 1826, the officers were formally installed by Joshua Downer.
Until the erection of the present Masonic Hall, this Lodge had its meetings at various points- the old Masonic Hall, Senate Chamber, corner Market and Fifth streets, Main and Court alley, and Main and Fifth streets.
In 1837, a dispensation was issued to form Friendship Lodge, at Dresden, and on June 20th, 1838, a charter was granted it, as Lodge No. 103. Dissensions having arisen in the Lodge, on October 17th, 1839, the Grand Lodge enjoin- ed it from further labor until harmony should be restored. April 14th, 1840, Brother D. W. Rhodes, Acting Grand Master, gave his sanction for it to resume Masonic work, which it still con- tinues.
August 19th, 1844, Thomas Maxfield, William Findley, Lewis Virden, F. H. Jennings, John V. Lemon, John G. F. Holston, G. D. Palmer, and Thomas Bell were authorized to form Malta Lodge, at Norwich, and a Lodge was opened under the dispensation on August 26th, 1844. On October 24th, 1844, the Grand Lodge granted a charter to the Lodge, as No. 118, under which the first election was held, November 2d, and on the 20th of the same month the Lodge was form- ally constituted by John T. Arthur, an address having been delivered by Cornelius Moore.
December 10th, 1849, a dispensation was is- sued to Thomas Edwards, Worshipful Master ; Abner Wood, Senior Warden, and William Munhall, Junior Warden, to form Union Lodge, at Irville, and on October 16th, 1850, a charter was granted it, as Lodge No. 184, and on Octo-
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HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
ber 20th, 1852, the Grand Lodge authorized it to change its place of meeting to Nashport.
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October 4th, 1851, a dispensation was issued to organize Hubbard Lodge, at Adamsville, and at the October, 1852, session of the Grand Lodge, two new Lodges sought charters as Hubbard Lodge, out of respect to the eminent Masonic vir- tues of Grand Master Hubbard ; a charter was voted the Lodge at Adamsville, October 2Ist, 1852, as No. 220.
On April 24th, 1856, a dispensation was issued to James D. Sturges, J. J. Kassell, Marquis Wil- liamson, R. J. Peach, Frederick Young, Thomas McLees, Joseph Starrett, and Philip Dennek, to form Anchor Lodge, at Duncan's Falls, and on October 22d, 1856, the Grand Lodge granted them a charter, as No. 283.
On June 15th, 1866, a dispensation was issued to George Brunner, Worshipful Master, William C. Lenhart, Senior Warden, and David Crossan, Junior Warden, to form Muskingum Lodge, at Uniontown, and on October 17th, 1866, a charter was issued to the Lodge, as No. 368.
On July 26th, 1870, a dispensation was issued to George Smith, Worshipful Master ; Mark R. McClelland, Senior Warden, and Henry Lud- man, Junior Warden, to organize Gage and Gavel Lodge, at Chandlersville ; October 19th, 1870, the Grand Lodge voted them a charter, as Lodge No. 448.
On July 4th, 1874, a dispensation was issued to George Hagerty, Worshipful Master, David Jones, Senior Warden, and Joshua Bennet, Jun- ior Warden, to form Frazeysburg Lodge, at Fra- zeysburg ; a charter was granted them, October 2 Ist, 1874, as Lodge No. 490.
It is worthy of mention that, of the ten Lodges in the county, six of them bear the signatures of Muskingum county Masons, as Grand officers ; the charter of the Lodge of Amity, No. 5, has that of Lewis Cass, as Grand Master ; Malta Lodge has that of John F. Arthur, as Grand Secretary, he having been a member, at the time, of Lafayette Lodge No. 79 ; and Lodges 220, 283, 368, 448 and 490, are all signed by John D. Caldwell, as Grand Secretary, he having been made a Mason in Lodge No. 5, at Zanesville,
On Thursday, October 21st, 1852, the Grand Lodge adopted the following resolution :
"Resolved, That a committee of three be ap- pointed to examine the names and locations of all the Lodges under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, and that said committee be instructed, where there are two or more Lodges of the same name, to change, or cause to be changed, the name of all but one of such Lodges, giving to those first named the privilege of retaining their original names, and to all those whose names are changed, the privilege of selecting a new name ; and that said committee be further instructed to report the name and place where located, of each Lodge throughout the State."
This resolution affected Friendship Lodge No. 103, at Dresden, Lafayette No. 79, at Zanes- ville, and Union No. 84, at Irville, in this county.
Friendship Lodge selected Dresden as its new
name ; Union made no selection, and was named Irville, by the committee ; Lafayette No. 79, and Lafayette No. 81, of Cincinnati, were both char- tered January 10th, 1826, but No. 81 claimed four months prior organization, while No. 79 urged its priority of number. The committee declined to decide, and recommended to the Grand Lodge that the adjustment of the vexed question be left to the Lodges, where it still remains, neither of them being willing to relinquish its name.
CAPITULAR MASONRY.
On December 6th, 1821, Daniel Convers, Cal- vin Conant, Levi Whipple, Joshua Downer, Horace Nye, Dudley W. Rhodes, and Charles . Hill, met in the Senate Chamber, then occupied as "Masons" Hall," to take action towards the organization of a Royal Arch Chapter in Zanes- ville. Daniel Convers was chosen Moderator, and Levi Whipple, Clerk. Conant, Convers and Whipple were appointed a committee to se- cure signatures to a petition to the Grand Chap- ter ; to secure the endorsement of some estab- lished Chapter, and, if successful, to present the papers to the Grand Chapter. The following officers were then chosen to act under the Dis- pensation : Calvin Conant, M. E. H. P. ; Daniel Converse, M. E. K. ; Joshua Downer, M. E. S. ; Horace Nye, C. of H. ; Dudley W. Rhodes, P. S. ; Charles Hill, R. A. C .; S. S. Miles, Francis Fowler, and Levi Whipple, Masters of the Veils.
On Wednesday, December 11th, 1821, the Grand Chapter met at Columbus, and on Friday, 13th, the necessary authority was issued to form the Chapter, when the constitutional recommend- ations should have been obtained. On January 2d, 1822, American Union Chapter, at Marietta, endorsed the petition, and on February Ist, 1822, the Chapter was opened in the Masonic Hall, on Market street. On January 15th, 1823, a char- ter was granted, and on May 5th, 1823, the Chapter was installed, in ample form, by the Most Excellent Grand High Priest, as the Zanes- ville Royal Arch Chapter, No. 9.
The anti-Masonic crusade, which was so suc- cessfully resisted by the Lodge in Zanesville, had the effect of closing the Chapter, on Sep- tember 5th, 1831, and it remained dormant until July 8th, 1837, when, through the exertions of Dudley W. Rhodes, Daniel Applegate, Nimrod Barr, David Reed, James King, David Magin- nis, William Twaddle, John Anthony, and James Caldwell, it resumed its labors, which it has con- tinued, without intermission, to the present day.
On August 31st, 1876, a petition was present- ed to the Grand Chapter from a number of com- panions at Dresden, praying for a dispensation to open a Chapter at that place : the prayer be- ing constitutionally endorsed, the request was granted. August 30th, 1877. the Grand Chap- ter directed that the dispensation be continued another year. On October 11th. 1878, the Grand Chapter withdrew the dispensation and dissolved Muskingum Chapter.
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HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
CRYPTIC MASONRY.
On the 22d of February, 1844, a dispensation was issued to Daniel Applegate, George L. Shin- nick, John T. Arthur, Charles W. Spaulding. A. Bartal, and George James, to open a Council of Royal and Select Masters in Zanesville ; John Barney, Adam Peters, Nimrod Barr, and H. M. Miller, were present at its organization, in addi- tion to those named in the dispensation, but the date when it occurred is not stated in the record, except that it was in February, 1844, and in the Masonic Hall, on Market street. The records of neither the Grand nor Subordinate Council show when a charter was granted. On Friday, Octo- ber 24th, 1845, Zanesville Council was assigned the number 13, by vote of the Grand Council. On October 18th, 1849, the Grand Recorder re- ported to the Grand Council that much confusion existed respecting the seniority and numbering of the Councils, when he was instructed to ad- just the difficulty, and assign to each Council a permanent number as appeared proper from the records. At the meeting held October 17th, 1850, he reported a revised list, which placed Zanesville Council as No. 12, the number it still bears.
MASONIC KNIGHTHOOD.
On the 27th day of November, 1848, Sir John L. Vattier, Grand Master of Knights Templars in Ohio, issued a dispensation to "Sirs John T. Arthur, Thomas Bell, Amos Bartholomew, R. H. Cotton, Gilbert D. Palmer, Israel Hoge, Thomas Launder, Josephus Lakin, and Thomas F. Nevitt, all Knights Templars and Knights of Malta of the Magnanimous Order of St. John of Jerusalem," constituting them an Encamp- ment of Knights Templars, by the name of Cy- prus Encampment. He further named Sir Thomas Bell to be first Grand Commander ; Sir John T. Arthur, first Generalissimo; Sir Gilbert D. Palmer, first Captain General, and Rev. Sir Amos Bartholomew, first Prelate. On January 3d, 1849, Sir Michael F. Krieder, Past Grand Master of Templars in Ohio, opened the new Encampment in Lafayette Lodge's Hall, corner of Main and Fifth streets, the place now occu- pied as a photographic gallery. Emergent con- claves of the several Orders were held daily, in morning, afternoon, and night sessions, from that date until January 13th, during which time sixteen Knights were created. On November 9th, 1849, a charter was issued to Cyprus En- campment. No. 10.
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