USA > Ohio > Muskingum County > History of Muskingum County, Ohio ; with illustrations and biographical sketches of prominent men and pioneers, 1794 > Part 28
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123
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
their simplicity, their system, and thoroughness, could hardly be equaled by any other system of schools with which I was acquainted. This classification of courses of study is constantly becoming more and more popular with the patrons of the schools. * * * *
I think there are in the city very few patrons of our schools who would be willing to have any material alteration made, either in the course of study or classification."
Mr. Leggett remained in charge of the schools till January, 1862, when he resigned his office to accept the appointment of Colonel of the 78th Regiment, O. V. I.
The condition of the schools at the close of the year 1859-60, is indicated by the following sta- tistics, taken from Superintendent Leggett's an- nual report for that year :
The number of schools sustained during the year were as follows :
High School
1
Senior Schools.
2
Secondary Schools. 6
Primary Schools 12
Rural School. 1
German School
1
Colored School
1
-
Total. 24
In which were employed the following number of teachers :
Male Teachers.
8
Female Teachers.
30
Total.
38
In addition to the above, two night schools were sustained from the first of November to the first of March, in which were employed four teachers, two male and two female.
The following is the table of enrollment and attendance in the several departments :
Enrollment.
Attendance.
High School.
109
93
Senior Schools
204
159
Secondary Schools
418
360
Primary Schools.
932
644
Rural Schools
58
37
German School
114
61
Colored School.
100
56
Night School.
191
95
Total
2126
1505
The following was the schedule of salaries.
Superintendent of Instruction. $1,600
Principal of High School 1,000
Principals of Districts. 600
Senior, Secondary and Primary Teachers 300
Senior, Secondary and Primary Assistants 240
Assistants in High School $450 to 600
Superintendent Leggett's resignation was ac- cepted January 7, 1862, and Mr. C. W. Chand- ler, Principal of the High School, was elected to superintend the educational department, at a salary of $1,000, and Mr. A. Fletcher, President of the Board, was employed as financial agent ;
salary, $300. This arrangement was continued through the next school year, but the exigencies of the times having made it the duty of the Board of Education to exercise the strictest economy, a reduction of the salaries of superin- tendent, principals and teachers was made, of from ten to twenty per cent.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT SUSPENDED.
As a further measure of economy, at the close of this school year, the office of Superintendent was suspended.
During the period through which this suspen- sion of the office of Superintendent was con- tinued, no very full statistics of the schools were kept. From the report of the President of the Board, made in August, 1865, the following facts, relating to the condition of the schools for that year, are derived :
Number of pupils enrolled in all the schools ..... 2,110 Average daily attendance 1,289
There were employed seven male and twenty- eight female teachers. The arrangement with the McIntire trustees, by which they paid all ex- penses of the McIntire school, had now continued for nine years, and a new arrangement was en- tered into with them, under a contract author- ized by a special act of the Legislature. This act enabled the McIntire trustees to con- tract with the Board of Education for the tuition of the " poor children " who would be entitled to the benefit of the McIntire fund under the will of Mr. McIntire, and to pay to the Board of Educa- tion such sum from the income of that estate as in their judgment might be right and proper as an equivalent for such tuition. Under this con- tract, the Board has annually received from the McIntire trustees the sum of $8,000, and in ad- dition to that, from $500 to $800 per year to furnish books and clothing to destitute children.
At the close of the school year, in June, 1865, Mr. C. W. Chandler, who had been Principal of the High School since its establishment, in 1855. with the exception of one year in which he filled the office of Superintendent, resigned his position, and Mr. A. T. Wiles, who had been, for the three years previous, Principal of the schools of the Second District, was elected to that posi- tion, at a salary of $1,000 per annum.
THE FIRST LADY PRINCIPAL .- The Princi- palship of the Third District, made vacant in June, 1865, by the promotion of Mr. Wiles to the Principalship of the High School, was filled by the election of Miss Maria Parsons, who had been for several years teacher of the senior school in that district. This was the first in- stance in the history of the Zanesville schools in which a lady was placed in the responsible posi- tion of Principal, and the innovation was re- garded by many earnest friends of the public schools with serious distrust. At the close of the school year, however, the Board of Educa- tion was so well satisfied with the result of its ex- periment that they applied the same policy to the other two districts.
124
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
A. J. WILES, SUPERINTENDENT .- No further change was made in the organization or man- agement of the schools until the close of the years 1869-70, when the office of Superintend- ent of Instruction was restored, and Mr. A. T. Wiles, who had served five years as Principal of the High School, was elected to that office, at a salary of $1,500 per annum, and Miss Margaret Stultz, who had served for five years as assistant in the High School, was made Principal of the same, at a salary of $1,000 per annum.
At the beginning of the school year, 1869-70, the new school building on Marietta street, known as the "Stemler" building, was com- pleted and ready for occupation by the schools. Later in the year, the Council purchased the Presbyterian Mission Sunday School building, on Monroe street, and the Board opened in it a sec- ondary school.
The schools were all now accommodated in buildings owned by the city, except the three schools in the rooms rented of the Masonic Hall Association.
In the summer of 1870, School District No. 9, of Springfield township, including the un-incor- porated village known as South Zanesville, was annexed to the city. The Board of Education assumed control of the two schools of that dis- trict, and attached them, for the time being, to the Third District of the city schools. In No- vember of this year, the village of West Zanes- ville was annexed to the city, adding four more schools to the number already under control of the Board. The teachers formerly in charge of these schools were all re-employed by the city Board of Education, and their salaries adjusted to the schedule in force in the other city schools. The schools of the Seventh and Eighth wards were constituted the Fourth District, and placed under the Principalship of Mr. David Harris, who had been for many years teacher and Prin- cipal of the West Zanesville schools.
In 1871, Orlando C. Marsh was First Assistant of the High School, and Principal of the same in 1871-72.
In May, 1872, the incorporated village of Putnam was annexed to the city, constituting the Ninth ward. The Board of Education assumed only a nominal control of the schools of this ward until the close of the school year, deeming it best for their interest to make no attempt at that time to adjust them to the system of the other schools. By this annexation, seven schools were added to the city school system. By the three annexations just named, the area of the city, and its population, were increased about one- third, and the number of schools and teachers in about the same ratio-the number of teachers prior to these annexations being forty-five, and immediately subsequent thereto, sixty.
During the year 1873, the City Council-at the request of the Board of Education-erected a commodious and substantial brick school house, containing six rooms, in the Sixth ward, one in the Seventh ward, containing four school rooms, and an addition to the Eighth ward
school building, containing two school rooms. The cost of these three improvements, with the grounds upon which they were placed, was about $30,000.
THE SCHOOL FUNDS .-- Prior to 1839, the pub- lic schools of Zanesville were operated under the general school laws of the State. The first gen- eral school law was enacted by the General As- sembly of 1824-25. It provided for the election of three directors for each school district, and for a levy for school purposes of one-half a mill on the dollar of taxable property. This law was amended in 1829 so as to authorize County Com- missioners to levy a school tax of three-fourths of a mill. In 1836, the County Commissioners were authorized to levy one and a half mills, and in 1838 two mills. In 1839, the County Com- missioners were authorized to reduce the school levy to one mill.
The special law for "The support and better regulation of the schools of the town of Zanes- ville," passed in 1839, made no provision for a levy by the Board of Education of a tax for school purposes, but provided that the Town Council should, upon requisition by the Board of Education, appropriate annually a sufficient amount of funds to defray the contingent ex- penses of the schools, for rent, fuel, repairs, &c. The tuition fund was still raised under the pro- visions of the general law.
The funds so obtained were not sufficient to meet the requirements of the schools, and the deficiency was made up by tuition fees, varying in amount in different years.
There were, at this time, two school districts in Zanesville township, outside the corporate limits of the town, that shared equally with the borough in the funds arising from taxation. In 1848, the Board of Education of the town secured an amendment to the law, whereby the taxable property of the borough was made returnable separate and apart from that in the township, outside the borough.
In 1849, a law was enacted by the general As- sembly for the "Support and better regulation of public schools in cities and towns," the twelfth section of which authorized Boards of Education to determine the amount of tax to be levied for all school purposes, except the purchase of sites and the erection of buildings, provided that such tax should not exceed four mills upon the dollar of taxable property.
In 1851, this section was, by special act, made applicable to the city of Zanesville. This last enactment relieved the City Council of the duty of providing for the contingent expenses of the schools, leaving with that body only the duty of purchasing sites and erecting buildings. Under the special law of 1839, modified by the several amendments named above, the schools of Zanes- ville were conducted until the enactment of the present general school law.
Besides the amendments directly affecting the law under which the schools of Zanesville were conducted, it was further modified by provisions
.125
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
contained in the City Charter, and subsequently by those of the municipal code, as well as by amendments of the general school law of the State. These acts and amendments were so conflicting and contradictory, and so inconsist- ent with the original Zanesville school law of 1839, that it became a very difficult matter to deter- mine what were the legal rights and duties of the Board of Education, and to what extent the pow- ers of the City Council extended to the educa- tional department of the city, and led to much embarrassment in the relations of these two bodies. These embarrassments have been re- moved by the provisions of the general school law of 1873, which vests the title of all property formerly held by the City Council for school purposes, in the Board of Education, and authorizes the Board of Education to provide for tuitional and contingent expenses by the levy of a tax not exceeding seven mills on the dollar of taxable property, and, if necessary, to borrow money upon bonds for the purchase of sites and the erection of buildings.
In addition to the funds arising from taxation, the Board of Education received from the Trus- tees of the McIntire estate, from 1856 to 1865, a sum sufficient to pay the expenses of the schools taught in the McIntire building, since which time they have received annually, from the same source, the sum of eight thousand dollars, up to the close of the school year, July Ist, 1880. And the administrators have contributed funds for clothing, etc., for the indigent children, amount- ing to from five hundred to eight hundred dollars per annum. The last contribution for this pur- pose, for 1880, amounted to twelve hundred dollars.
TEACHERS-1874-75.
HIGH SCHOOL-W. D. LASH, A.M., Principal.
Corner Main and Ninth streets-Mary C. Moorehead, Assistant ; Rose A. Kerner, Assist- ant ; Z. M. Chandler, Teacher Commercial De- partment.
DISTRICT NO. 1-Miss SELENE R. CHANDLER, Principal.
Fourth Ward Building, Centre street, between Seventh and Underwood-Senior School No. 1, Miss Roberta M. Hoge, teacher; Secondary No. 1, Mary J. Greaves, teacher ; Secondary No. 2, Clara Rishtine, teacher ; Secondary No. 8, Florence O. Baldwin, teacher ; Primary No. 1, Florence J. Cole, teacher; Primary No. 2, Eliza J. Harris, teacher.
Sixth Ward Building, Monroe street-Sec- ondary School No. 12, Miss Florence McDill, teacher ; Primary No. 3, P. R. Stultz, teacher ; Primary No. 9, Elizabeth Griffiths, teacher ; Primary No. 12, Ella Nutt, teacher ; Primary No. 23, Sarah Throckmorton, teacher.
Rural Building, Adamsville Road-Second- ary School No. 10, Miss Lizzie HI. Johns, teacher ; Primary No. 7, Hattie B. Johns, teacher.
Dymond Building, Underwood street-Ger-
man-English School No. 4, Christine Arend, teacher.
DISTRICT No. 2 .- Mrs. M. G. HILLS, Principal.
Third Ward Building, corner of Seventh and Harvey streets .- Senior School No. 2, Miss Helen Printz, teacher ; Secondary No. 3, Mary McMulkin, teacher; Secondary No. 4, Mrs. Leila C. Gibbs, teacher ; Secondary No. 9, Miss Amanda A. Hilliard, teacher ; Primary No. 4, Edith E. Hahn, teacher ; Primary No. 5, Mary C. Shinnick, teacher.
Stemler Building, head of Marietta street .- Primary School No. 6, Miss Sophronia L. Stevens, teacher ; Primary No. 13, Maggie Green, teacher ; Primary, No. 15, Ella C. Atkinson, teacher.
Colored School Building, South Ninth street. -Colored School, No. 1, Mr. M. N. Brown, teacher ; Colored School, No. 2, Miss Minnie A. Self, teacher.
DISTRICT NO. 3-Miss FANNIE BURNS, Prin- cipal.
McIntire Building, Corner of Fifth and North streets .- Senior School No. 3, Miss Lillie E. Shinnick, teacher ; Secondary No. 6, Hattie W. Guille, teacher ; Secondary No. 5, Mary J. Hil- liard, teacher ; Secondary No. 7, Maggie M. Parsons, teacher ; Secondary No. II, Annie. Du- tro, teacher.
Masonic Building, corner of Fourth and Mar- ket streets .- Primary School No. 8, Miss Liz- zie McFadden, teacher ; Primary No. 10, Mary Parsons, teacher ; Primary No. 11, Alice V. Drone, teacher; German and English School No. 1, Mr. J. J. Bodner, teacher ; German and English School No. 2, Miss Lucretia J. Stultz, teacher ; German and English School No. 3, La- vina Printz, teacher.
DISTRICT NO. 4-Mr. DAVID HARRIS, Principal.
Moore Building .- Senior No. 4, and Sec. 14, Miss Frank C. Thompson, teacher ; Secondary Sec. 15, Hannah M. Parsons, teacher ; Second- ary Sec. 16, Anna Gilded, teacher ; Primary Sec. 17, Lizzie Fenstemaker, teacher ; Primary Sec. 18, Kate Buchanan, teacher ; Primary Sec. 24, Emma T. Gurley, teacher.
Hose Building .- Primary School No. 19, Mrs. C. J. Ward, teacher.
Seventh Ward Building .- Secondary School No. 13, Miss Sue M. Allen, teacher : Secondary No. 19, Miss Charlotte W. Launder, teacher : Primary, No. 25, Miss Lizzie Patrick, teacher : Primary. No. 26, Miss Mary A. Gallogly. teacher.
DISTRICT NO. 5 .- Miss MISSOURI STONESIPHER. Principal.
Madison street Building, between Putnam and Moxahala avenue .- Senior School No. 5, Miss S. A. Wilson, teacher: Secondary. No. 17. Miss Mary Nesbaum, teacher ; Secondary No. 18, Miss Mary N. White. teacher : Primary No. 20, Miss Julia Brelsford, teacher.
I26
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
Woodlawn Avenue Building-Primary School No. 21. Miss Augusta Ely, teacher ; Primary No. 22, Miss Kate S. Wiles, teacher.
Colored School Building, Cooper Mill road .- Colored School No. 3, Mr. James A. Guy, teacher.
Moxahala avenue .- Colored School No. 4, Miss Mattie Carter, teacher.
Special Teachers .- Music, Elizabeth Stultz, Lizzie Roper ; Penmanship, Jacob Schwartz.
TEACHERS-1876-77-78.
HIGH SCHOOL .- W. D. LASH, A.M., Principal.
Corner Main and Ninth streets .- Z. M. Chan- dler, assistant ; Mary C. Moorehead, assistant ; Rose A. Kerner, assistant.
DISTRICT NO. 1 .- Miss SELENE R. CHANDLER, Principal.
Fourth Ward Building, Centre street, between Seventh and Underwood .- Senior School, No. I, Miss Clara Rishtine, teacher ; Secondary No. I, Lucretia J. Stultz, teacher ; Secondary, No. 2, Florence A. McDill, teacher ; Primary, No. 1, Alice Searle, teacher ; Primary No. 2, Florence J. Cole, teacher ; Primary No. 3, Eliza J. Har- ris, teacher.
Sixth Ward Building, Monroe street .- Sec- ondary School No. 3, Miss Mary J. Hilliard, teacher ; Primary No. 4, Philena R. Stultz, teacher ; Primary No. 5, Elizabeth Griffiths, teacher ; Primary No. 6, Ella Nutt, teacher.
Rural Building, Adamsville road .- Secondary School No. 4, Miss Lizzie H. Johns, teacher ; Primary, No. 7, Hattie B. Johns, teacher.
DISTRICT No. 2 .- Mrs. M. G. HILLS, Principal.
Third Ward Building, corner of Seventh and Harvey streets-Senior School, No. 2, Miss Hel- en Printz, teacher ; Secondary, No. 5, Miss Hat- tie W. Guille, teacher ; Secondary, No. 6, Miss Amanda Hilliard, teacher ; Primary, No. 8, Miss Edith E. Hahn, teacher ; Primary, No. 9, Miss Mary C. Shinnick, teacher.
Stemler Building, head of Marietta street- Primary, No. 10, Miss Sarah Throckmorton, teacher ; Primary, No. 11, Miss Charlotte Cline, teacher ; Primary, No. 12, Miss Ella C. Atkin- son, teacher.
Colored School Building, South Ninth street- Colored School, No. 1, Mr. M. N. Brown, teacher ; No. 2, Miss Minnie A. Self, teacher.
DISTRICT NO. 3-Miss FANNIE BURNS, Principal.
McIntire Building, corner of Fifth and North streets-Senior School, No. 3, Miss Lillie E. Shinnick, teacher; Secondary, No. 7, Miss An- na Dutro, teacher ; Secondary, No. 8, Miss Al- ice V. Drone, teacher ; Primary, No. 13, Miss Lizzie McFadden, teacher ; Primary, No. 14, Miss Belle Brooks, teacher.
Masonic Building, corner of Fourth and Mar- ket streets-Primary School, No. 15, Miss Mary Parsons, teacher. German and English School, No. 1, Mr. J. J. Bodner, teacher ; No. 2, Miss Edith Geiger, teacher ; No. 3, Mrs. Emma Artz-
man, teacher; No. 4, Mrs. Christine Arend, teacher.
DISTRICT NO. 4-Mr. DAVID HARRIS, Principal.
Moore Building-Senior School, No. 4, Miss Sarah Wilson, teacher; Secondary, No. 9, Miss Hannah M. Parsons, teacher ; Secondary, No. 10, Miss Anna Gildea, teacher ; Primary, No. 16, Miss Barbette Bailey, teacher ; Primary, No. 17, Miss Kate Buchanan, teacher ; Primary, No. 18, Miss Emma T. Gurley, teacher.
Jackson Street Building-Primary School, No. 19, Mrs. C. J. Ward, teacher.
Seventh Ward Building-Secondary School, No. 11, Miss Sue M. Allen, teacher ; Secondary, No. 12, Miss Charlotte W. Launder, teacher ; Primary, No. 20, Miss Lizzie Patrick, teacher ; Primary, No. 21, Miss Mary A. Gallogly, teacher.
DISTRICT NO. 5-Miss MISSOURI STONESIPHER, Principal.
Madison Street Building, between Putnam and Moxahala avenues-Senior School, No. 5, Miss Mary McMulkin, teacher ; Secondary, No. 13, Miss Mary Nesbaum, teacher ; Secondary, No. 14, Mrs. Letitia Howard, teacher ; Primary, No. 22, Miss Julia E. Brelsford, teacher.
Woodlawn Avenue Building-Primary School, No. 23, Miss Kate Thomas, teacher ; Primary, No. 24, Miss Lizzie Roper, teacher.
Colored School Building, Cooper Mill Road- Colored School, No. 3, Mr. James A. Guy, teacher.
Moxahala Avenue-Colored School, No. 4, Miss Mattie Carter, teacher.
SPECIAL TEACHERS -- Teacher of Penmanship, Jacob Schwartz; Teacher of Drawing, Miss Gertrude L. Stone.
The Superintendent, A. T. Wiles, in his An- nual Report for the School Year ending August 3Ist, 1876, sets forth the following :
In addition to the above, there was received from the Zanesville Canal and Manufacturing Company, $1,000.00, which was expended in the purchase of books and clothing for indigent pu- pils.
To ascertain what our Public Schools actually cost the citizens of Zanesville, it is necessary to note the following facts :
Ist. That there was received from the McIn- tire estate the sum of $8,000.00.
2d. That there was received from the State Common School Fund, including the Irreducible School Fund, the sum of $9,095.56, while there was paid by the city, into the State Common School Fund, $7,406.44, leaving a balance of $1,689.12 received by the city more than was paid.
3d. That there was received from tuition fees of non-resident pupils, the sum of $635, which, as the instruction of these pupils enters into the cost of the schools as given in the above state- ment, should be taken as an abatement of that cost.
127
HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO.
.4th. That there was received from rent of the dwelling on the Madison Street School lot, the sum of $70.
These sums amount, in the aggregate, to $10,- 394.12, which, deducted from the $51,666.40, leaves $41,272.28, as the actual amount paid by the citizens of Zanesville, for school purposes, during the year covered by this report.
It should be noted, also, that there was erected and paid for, during the year, a new school- house in the Eighth ward, costing $5,785.18. If this amount, also, be deducted, there remains the sum of $35,487.10, as the amount actually paid for the ordinary running expenses of the schools for the year.
POPULATION.
By the Census of 1870, the population was as follows :
Zanesville (old city) 10,011
Putnam (now Ninth ward) 2,050
West Zanesville (now Eighth ward). 1,744
South Zanesville (now Seventh ward), estimated. 600
Total 14,405
In September, 1873, the census of the city was taken by order of the City Council, showing the population to be as follows :
Zanesville (old city) 11,367
Ninth ward. 1,756
Eighth ward ..
2,041
Seventh ward
1,182
Total
16,346
The verage number of pupils to the teacher was as follows :
Enrolled. Belonging. Attending.
In the High School
41
32
30
In the Senior Schools (exclusive
of Principals)
43
37
34
In the Secondary and Primary Schools
51
40
37
In the German-English Schools .. 51
42
39
In the Colored School
51
36
32
In all the Schools .. 50
39
36
COST OF TUITION.
Cost of tuition (exclusive of supervision and special teachers) on the whole number enrolled was as follows :
In the High School. $ 23 50
In the Senior Schools 20 99
In the Secondary and Primary Schools. 8 71
In the German-English Schools 10 59
In the Colored Schools.
10 79
In all the Schools, including supervision and special teachers. 17 93
The entire cost of the schools for the year cov- ered by this report (exclusive of the cost of the new building in the Eighth ward), was $1,877.18 less than the preceding year, and $7,088.98 less than it was two years before. More recent ac- tion of the Board will probably effect a further reduction of the cost of the schools for the cur- rent year, of about $4,000.
The whole number of teachers in charge of school rooms last year, was fifty-eight, with an average daily attendance of thirty-six pupils to the teacher. If, by consolidation, this number could have been increased to forty, the number of teachers required would have been fifty-three. If it could have been increased to forty-five, the number of teachers required would have been forty-seven. The Board has already moved in this direction toward economy, but the move- ment should be carried still farther. A compar- ison of the cost of the schools in this and other cities, shows that the cost of instruction here is made proportionately greater, from this cause, rather than from excessive salaries paid to teach- ers.
No measure of economy is wise, which is cal- culated to impair the efficiency of the schools. Cheap schools are not, necessarily, the best schools. It is, therefore, to the interior workings of our schools, that I would call the attention of the Board, and of the community. Visit and examine them. Point out the defects, wherever you find them, and, by your counsel, assist those in charge in correcting them.
ENUMERATION, ENROLLMENT AND ATTENDANCE.
1870-71 1871-72 1872-73 1873-74 1874-75 1875-76 1876-77
Enumeration of youth of school age, 6 to 21 years
4,032
3,682
4,757
5,266 2,970
5,370 3,063
5,496 2,946 54
2,965
Per cent. of enrollment on enumeration
43
62
55
56
57
1,735
1,692
3,232
2,697
1,468 3,296
1,571 3,695
1,714 3,656
3,761
3,719
115
92
15-4
133
148
180
183
Average number belonging, (St. Louis Rule) .. daily attendance ....
1,669
1,698
2,143
2,296
2,325
2,291
2,269
1,567
1,597
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