USA > Ohio > Lucas County > Toledo > History of the city of Toledo and Lucas County, Ohio > Part 128
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MAHONING COUNTY.
Canfield-Mahoning Dispatch. Petersburg-I'ress.
Youngstown - Telegram,* Christian Citizen, Issue, Rundschau, Sunday Star, Vindicator, St. John's Church Parishioner.+ 9.
MARION COUNTY.
Caledonia-Argus. La Rue-News.
Marion - Star,* Independent, Mirror.
Prospect-Monitor. 6. MEDINA COUNTY.
Medina - Democrat, Gazette, News, Gleanings, Bee Cul- ture.t Seville-Times.
Wadsworth - Banner, Enter- prise. 7.
MEIGS COUNTY.
Middleport - Herald, Repub- lican.
Pomeroy-Telegraph. 3. MERCER COUNTY.
Celina-Bote, Observer, Stan- dard. Shane's Crossing-Free Press. 4. MIAMI COUNTY.
Bradford -- Independent-Senti- nel.
Covington - Gazette, Viodi- cator.t
Piqua -Call,* Der Correspon- dent, Journal, Miami llel- inet, Miami Leader.
Tippecanoe City - Herald.
Troy - Trojan, Chronicle, Democrat, Union. West Milton-Buckeye. 14. MONROE COUNTY.
Clarington-Independent.
Woodshield-Gazette, Journal, Spirit of Democracy. 4.
Swanton -- Enterprise.
Wauseon-Democratie Expos- itor, Tribune, Maumee Val- ley Prohibitionist, Northern Republican. 10.
GALLIA COUNTY. Cheshire-Central Free Will Baptist.+
Gallipolis-Bulletin, Tribune, Journal. 4.
GEAUGA COUNTY. Burton-Geauga Leader.
Chardon-Democratie Record, Republican.
Middlefield -Messenger. 4. GREENE COUNTY.
Bellbrook- Moon Cedarville-Herald.
Jamestown-Tribune.
Osborn-Local.
Xenia -- Gazette,« Torchlight,« Blade, Democratic News, Home Weekly, Republican, Boss Painters' Journal.+ 11.
GUERNSEY COUNTY.
Cambridge - Times, Herald, Jeffersonian, People's Press, Ohio Teacher. Cumberland -- News. Kimbolton -- Key-Note. Quaker City-ludependent. 8.
645
PUBLIC PRESS.
MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
Dayton - Democrat," Empire and Democrat, Die Daytoner Volkszeitung, #Herald, Jour- nnl,$ Christian Conservator, Christian World, Der Froech- liche Botschafter, Herald of Gospel Liberty, Record, Re- ligious Telescope, Wachter Workman, Golden Words.+ Leaves of Light,+ Farmers' HIome, t Nutzlicher Freund, t Ohio Poultry Journal, + Onr Bible Teacher,t Syndicate,t Instructor (qr).
Germantown-Press.
Kinsey-Farm and Dairyt.
Miamisburg-Bulletin, News. 24., MOROAN COUNTY.
McConnellsville - Democrat, Ilerald. 2.
MORROW COUNTY.
Cardington-Independent.
Mt. Gilead - Sentinel, Regis- ter, Poultry Magnett. 4. MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Dresden-Doiogs. New Concord-Enterprise.
Zanesville-Courier, Signal,« Times-Recorder, Advoente, Poultry Adviser, Post, Sun- day News, Ohio Farmers' Journal, Shepherds' Jour- nal and Rural Era.+ 12.
NOBLE COUNTY.
Caldwell-Journal, Democrat, Republican, Press. 4.
OTTAWA COUNTY.
Elmore-Tribune. Lakeside-News.
Oak Harbor-Exponent, Press, Gospel Light.t
Port Clinton - News, Lake Shore Bulletin. 7.
PAULDING COUNTY.
Antwerp-Argus.
Paulding - Gazette, Dem o- crat. 3. PERRY COUNTY.
Corning - Times, Sopher's Home Journal.+
New Lexington-Herald, Trib- une.
Shawnee -- Banner.
Somerset-Press.
Thornville-News. 6. PICKAWAY COUNTY.
Ashville-Enterprise. Demo- Circleville - llerald*, crat and Watchman, Union- Herald. Williamsport -Rip Saw. 5. PIKE COUNTY.
Piketon-Tribune.
Waverly-Republican, Watch- man. 3.
PORTAGE COUNTY.
Garrettsville Journal, Satur- day Item.
Hiram-Bugle Echo.
Kent-News, Saturday Bulle- tin.
Ravenna-Republican,* Dem- ocratie Press.
Windham-Herald. 8. PREBLE COUNTY.
Camden-Gazette.
Eaton-Democrat, Register. New Paris-Mirror.
West Alexander-Twin Val- ley Times. 5. PUTNAM COUNTY.
Columbus Grove-Vidette. Leipsic-Free Press.
Ottawa -- Gazette, Sentinel. 4.
RICHLAND COUNTY. Bellville-Star.
Mansfield - Democrat,* Her- ald¢, News," Shield and Ban- ner, Buckeye Farmer.t Plymonth-Advertiser. Shelby -- Free Press, Times. Shiloh -- Gleaner, Review. 10.
ROSS COUNTY.
Adelphi -- Border News.
Chilicothe- News," Register,
Advertiser, Lender, Gazette, Unsere Zeit.
Frankfort-Sun. 7. SANDUSKY COUNTY.
Clyde-Earnest Worker, En- terprise, Review.
Fremont - Journal, News, 1 Messenger, Courier, Scien- tific. 8 SCIOTO COUNTY.
Portsmouth- Blade, C'orres- pondent, Leader, Times, Tribune, Camp-Fire,t Dis- trict Recorder.+ 7.
SENECA COUNTY.
Attica -- Journal, Medical Com- pound.t
Bettsville-Enterprise.
Bloomville-Seneca Co. Rec- ord.
Fostoria-Democrat, Observer Review.
Green Springs-Times, Mu- thal Underwriter.
Tillin - Herald, Die Tiflin
Presse, News, Advertiser, Tribune, Heidelberg Jour- nal.f 15.
SHELBY COUNTY.
Port Jefferson-People's Advo- cate.
Sidney-Democrat, Journal. 3. STARK COUNTY.
Alliance - Review, Leader, Standard
Canal Fulton-Signal.
Canton-Democrat,* Reposi- tory,* Tagliches Journal,* Der Ohio Volks-Zeitung.
Louisville-llerald.
Massillon - American, Inde- pendent.
Minerva-News.
Navarre-Independent. Waynesburg-Enterprise.
Wilmot-Review. 14.
SUMMIT COUNTY.
Akron-Beacon,* City Times, Der Germania, Freie Press, Sunday Gazette. Journal of Carp Culture, ; Ohio Educa- tional Monthly and National Teacher,; Penple's Month- ly,+ Delta Gama Ancho
ra (qr.).
Cuyahoga Falls-Reporter and Farmer. 10.
TRUMBULL COUNTY.
Cortland -Gazette.
Hubbard-Enterprise.
Newton Falls-Echo. Niles-Independent.
Warren-Chronicle," Tribune, Democrat, lortienlturist and Farm Journal. 8.
TUSCARAWAS COUNTY.
Bolivar-News Journal.
C'anal Dover-Iron Valley Re- porter,- Tuscurawas Demo- crat, Workman.
Dennison-Paragraph.
Mineral Point-Mineral Poin- ter.
New Comerstown-Index.
New Philadelphia - Der Deutsche Beobachter, Ohio Democrat, Times, Advocate. Shanesville-News.t
Uhrichsville-Chronicle. 13. UNION COUNTY.
Magnetic Springs-Magnetic Reporter. Marysville-Times, Tribune, Union Co. Journal, Union Co. Wochenblatt. Milford Center-Milford Echo. Richwood-Gazette. 7 VAN WERT COUNTY.
Van Wert-Bulletin, Gazette, Republican, Times. 4. VINTON COUNTY.
Hamden Junction - Enter- prise.
McArthur. - Democrat-Enqul- rer, Record. New Plymouth-Graphic. 4.
WARREN COUNTY.
Franklin-Chronicle.
Lebanon-Star," Gazette, I'n- triot.
Waynesfield-Gazette, News.6.
WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Beverly-Dispatch.
Marietta-Register (semi-w.), Dollar News, Leader, Times, Zeitung, College Olio. t
New Matamoras-Paragraph. 8.
WAYNE COUNTY.
Creston-Journal.
Dalton-Gazette.
Doylestown-Journal.
Fredericksburgh-Sun.
Orrville-Crescent.
Shreve -News.
West Salem-Independent.
Wooster - Jacksonian, Jour- nal, Republican, University Voice, Democrat, Herald,
Collegian, ; Royal Arcanum, Journal.+ 16.
WILLIAMS COUNTY.
Bryan-Democrat, Press. Pro- hibitionist.
Edgerton-Observer.
Montpelier-Democrat, Enter- prise. Pioneer-Tri-State Alliance.
Stryker-Advance West I'nity-Chief. 9.
WOOD COUNTY.
Bowling Green - Democrat, Gazette, Sentinel. Grand Rapids-Thompson's Triumph.
North Baltimore-Beacon.
Pemberville-Reporter.
Perrysburg-Journal. Weston-Herald. 8. WYANDOT COUNTY.
Carey-Wyandot Co. Tribune. Nevada-Enterprise.
Upper Sandusky-Union, Chief, Der Germania, Republican. Wharton-Leader. 7.
The following table shows the advance of the press in Ohio since 1819 :
1819.
1835. 1887.
Total No. of papers published 33 41 787
No. of daily papers none. 111
The two daily papers in 1835, were the Cin- cinnati Gazette, edited by Charles Hammond ; and the Cincinnati Republican, published by Allen & Disney. Those of 1887, were distrib- uted among the Counties as follows :
Allen, 2; Ashtabula, I; Belmont, 2; Butler, 3; Champaign, 1; Clarke, 3; Columbiana, 2; Craw- ford, 1; Cuyahoga, 6; Delaware, 1; Erie, 2; Fayette, 1 ; Franklin, 3; Greene, 2; Hamilton, 12; Hancock, 1; Huron, 1; Jefferson, 2; Licking, 2; Lorain, 1; Lucas, 4; Mahoning, 1; Marion, 1; Miami, 2; Mont- gomery, 4; Muskingum, 3; Pickaway, 1; Portage, 1; Richland, 3; Ross, I; Seneca, I; Stark, 3; Summit, 1; Trumbull, 1; Warren, 1.
PRINTING MACHINERY.
The first Toledo newspapers were started but a few years after the improved iron hand- presses of the Smith and Washington patents had begun to supplant their ancient predeces- sors, the Ramage, the Stanberry and the Stan- hope. As late as 1830, there were more of the latter than of the former class in this country. The one used for the Lower Sandusky ( Fremont) Whig, started in May, 1839, by the writer of this, was a Ramage press, substantially the same as that now in the National Museum at Washington, which has been made famous above its Lower Sandusky fellow, only by the fact that Benjamin Franklin, when a "Jour. Printer," in London, worked on the former, and did not on the latter. The Lower Sandusky, machine, however, was not without a history. It had been long in use, when, during the War of 1812-15, the Albany (New York) Argus was printed on it. In 1818 it was taken from Al- bany to Courtland County, New York, by David Campbell; and thence, by him, in 1822, to Sandusky, Ohio, where it was used in the office of the Sandusky Clarion until 1835, when it gave place to an iron press. In 1837 it was taken
646
HISTORY OF TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY.
to Lower Sandusky, for printing the Times, a paper then started at that place ; and two years later was used in the office of the Whig, as already stated, having been finally laid aside in 1841. The Norwalk Reflector, started in 1830, was for several years printed on a Stanberry press (a successor of the Ramage), and in 1886 was yet in use at Milan, Ohio. Both these machines were mainly of wood, and each printed but one-half a full form or a single page of a paper at an impression or " pull;" hence, the process of printing involved not only great labor, but special eare and skill.
When the history of the Toledo Press began, that great improvement, the " Composition Roller " (of molasses and glue), had but fairly displaced " Ink Balls," whose nse dates well baek toward that of movable types in printing. These rollers were essentially " home-made," as the frequent monopoly of the domestic fire- place and the cooking stove for their manufac- ture, so well qualified housekeepers to testify. So complete was that improvement, that with some valuable changes in method and material, the rollers of 60 years ago, to-day apply the ink for the printed matter of the world .*
The hand press first used in the Toledo Blade office (in 1836) was of the Smith patent. It was wholly of iron, with a " bed " 22x32 inches in size ; the " platen," for giving the impression, covered one side of the entire sheet, thus re- quiring but one-half the " pulls" of the older presses. This press was used here until August, 1838, when the old materials of Blade office, the press included, were taken to Lagrange, Cass County, Michigan, with which a Whig paper was then started. The sale was made because the Blade was at that time enlarged beyond the capacity of the press in use. The new press, also of iron, was used for printing the Blade until 1853, and was then given over to the Job Room, where it was in use for many years. Its successor in 1853, was a Northrup cylinder press, invented by Joel G. Northrup, of Syracuse, New York, who commenced the manufacture of improved presses as early as 1842. In 1852 he got out a new machine, and manufactured it at Oneida, New York. The third one made, and the first used West of Buf- falo, was purchased by the writer and taken to Sandusky in 1852, for the use of the Register (formerly the Clarion), of that City. It was designed to be driven by steam or by hand- power. It printed about 900 sheets per hour, and for country papers was a valuable improve- ment. Although now in his 71st year, Mr. Northrup is still improving and manufacturing presses, his latest patent appearing in 1886 (his
Combined Press and Folding Machine). The " Northrup " was used for printing the Blade from 1853 to 1860, at which time its enfeebled condition and limited capacity made necessary a substitute, which was purchased of Hoe & Co., of New York. It was a large drum-cylin- der press, with a capacity of 1,200 per hour, and had been used in printing the Charleston (S. C.) Mercury. On this machine the Blade was printed until 1866, when a small cylinder Hoe press was obtained, capable of printing 2,000 sheets (on one side) per hour. In 1868, a double-cylinder press, with a capacity of 4,000 sheets (one side) was procured, and was used until 1872, at which time a Hoe four- cylinder machine (capacity 10,000) succeeded it, and was used until a Scott Perfecting press, capable of printing complete and folding 16,000 sheets per hour, was obtained in 1885. A better idea of the advance in printing thus shown by the history of the Blade, will be had by the average reader, when it is stated, that, to do the work performed by the Scott machine, would require 203 hand-presses like those for years in use in that office. To operate these, 203 pressmen and 203 hands to ink the types, would be required ; and say 40 more to fold the papers when printed-making a total force of 446 persons to run the 203 presses. But this is not all. The Scott press prints and folds a sheet of eight pages of the size of the four-pago sheet of the former Blade-thus doubling the figures here given, and doing the work of 406 hand-presses, and 892 hands. And not only that, but the present machine at the same time cuts the eight-page sheet into two, and with paste neatly attaches them, ready for use, which latter process would probably require not less than 50 persons ; thus carrying the number of persons required to do the work of the Scott press, to the surprising aggregate of 942. Agaist these, the only offset to be made, consists of one Engineer for the steam-power, one Su- perintendent of the press, an assistant and a couple of boys-in all, four, or 938 less than the force demanded by the old process, for a like amount of work. Another view of this case, will indicate something of the extent of the advance in printing machinery. The 406 hand-presses, with the 40 folders and 50 pasters, would occupy an aggregate space of not less than 58,000 square feet ; and if placed side by side-allowing space of 12x12 feet for each press-the line would require a building 4,872 feet, or nearly one mile in length. Whereas, the entire operation of the Scott press can be conducted in a room 25x50 feet in size. As still further marking the advanee in this direc. tion during the last half century, it may be noted, that in 1835 the statement was made, that the Royal printing office of France con- tained the types of 56 Oriental alphabets, of which 49 complete fonts of various kinds were ready for use. These weighed 750,000 pounds,
*It has been understood, that the first composition roller in Ohio, was made by Joshua Saxton, a pioneer Printer, for many years publisher of the Urbana Ga- zette. He was a brother of John Saxton, who started the Ohio Repository, at Canton, during the War of 1812-15, and published it for some 50 years.
PUBLIC PRESS.
647
or 375 tons, and were sufficient to compose, simultaneously, 125,000 Svo pages, or 250 vol- umes of 500 pages each. As further showing the extraordinary facilities of the Royal estab- lishment, it was stated that the number of its presses was so great, that it could print 278,000 sheets per day. The Scott press would print that number of sheets, and cut, fold and paste their halvas together, in 18 hours-an amount of work far beyond the capacity of the French establishment. It will also be borne in mind, that when this remarkable French printing office-the greatest in the World-was doing these wonders at the Capital of France, Toledo
was little more than a hamlet, struggling for very existence, and chiefly known as the secne of a boundary dispute, with its only news. paper-the Toledo Gazette-a feeble thing, irregularly printed on asmall hand-press. This hamlet has grown to be a leading commercial point of the country, with a thrifty population of 75,000, and with two printing presses, either the cqual of anything of the kind now in the great establishment of Paris,
The extraordinary advance made in printing machinery, is indicated by the following illus- trations-the one of the Ramage press, and the other of the Scott press.
THE ADVANCE IN PRINTING MACHINERY.
RAMAGE PRESS-Lower Sandusky Whig, 1839.
CANTILA CONCHITA
SCOTT PERFECTING PRESS-Toledo Blade, 1888.
648
HISTORY OF TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY.
Steam-power was first employed in Toledo for propelling a printing press, in July, 1853, at the Blade office. Previous to that time, all press work had been done by hand. The en- gine then used was a small one, which drove two presses-a Northrup cylinder, for the newspaper, and a small Hoe cylinder, for job work-but one of which, for lack of power, could be used at a time. Ere long the engine became too feeble, even for such divided work, when hand-power for a time again became the chief reliance for printing the Blade. Ere long a vew 10-horse engine was procured, which subsequently gave way for a more powerful one, to be succeeded by others of increasing capacity. The second paper using steam-power was the Commercial, about 1858. From that time on, hand-presses for newspaper work were rarely in nse-publishers not having steam presses of their own, having their press-work done chiefly outside their offices.
AMATEUR PRINTING AND PUBLISHING.
For several years there was quite general interest taken in the art of printing. and in newspaper and book publishing, by boys of Toledo. This state of things seems to have eomienced about 1870, and was specially man- ifest during the succeeding 10 years, although continued thereafter. It has been deemed proper in this connection to give briefreview of the ear- lier years of this branch of Toledo art and lit- erature. For this purpose, the record, as sup- plied by the "Toledo Amateur Directory," issued by F. W. Kibbe & Brother, in 1877, is reproduced as there found :
HISTORY OF AMATEUR JOURNALS.
When the fire of Amateur journalism was begin- ning to spread over the country, Toledo was not much behind. The first paper issued from Toledo was the Young Enterprise, published by Reed, Wagar & Reed (Wm. H. and George Fred. Reed and C. P. Wagar). The first number was published in December, 1869, and bore the date of January 1, 1870. It was en- larged twice, and with the fifth number had an en- graved heading ; and with the sixth number they bought out De Omnibus, one of the first, if not the first paper published in Ohio. After publishing this for a year, they sold out to C. H. Fowle, of West Newton, Massachusetts.
In May, 1871, Fred. G. Andrews started the American Youth, and after publishing two numbers, he sold out to F. DeMarest, of New York.
Just after the Chicago fire (1871) two numbers of the Chicago Our Boys, were printed in Toledo.
The Maumee Youth was a venture which never saw the full light, as the Editor, after printing two pages, got tired and retired.
The next paper to appear in the field, was the Corn City Compliments, started by Smith & Dyer (George B. Smith and Nathaniel Dyer), in June, 1872. This paper was enlarged once, and issued several supplements. It had the reputation of being one of the spiciest papers ever published, and met with great encouragement, having received more compliments than any other paper that had been published. In 1874 the publishers bought the famous Our Boys, of
Chicago, and changed the name to that of the latter journal, which paper is still running.
In 1873 there were two papers started, the Collec- tor's Review, a paper devoted to Stamp Collectors, which, after publishing three numbers, was consoli- dated with Corn Ciy Compliments.
The Critic, a spicy paper, was published by F. T. Lindenberger, who afterwards changed the name to Occasional, which was very appropriate for an amateur paper.
In 1876 a paper was issued, said to be from Box 73, Toledo, Ohio, by C. Vincent ; but we guess the gentleman used to live in New York State. Only one number was issued.
In 1876 the Home News and Our Centennial Year were started by Ed. M. Seribner. The last named journal changed its name to Minute Men, in 1877.
In November, 1876, The Standard was issued by Kibbe, Maples & Co. It has been enlarged twice, and in April, 1877, began to issue a supplement.
AMATEUR JOB PRINTING OFFICES
Have been established for a long time. It is hard to tell who had the first one; but from what can be learned, the first press was a Lowe Smasher ; the next a small sized Novelty ; and the next was a large office, with some fifty fonts of type, and a large-sized Novelty press, owned by Fred. G. Andrews.
The next was one started by Edward P. Day. He had a small Novelty and a few fonts of type ; but by saving what he made, he bought a Gordon press, and at last had an office which cost about $800.
From this, up to the present, there have been many offices started, with nearly all the different presses made.
AMATEURS.
A list of amateur Authors, Printers and Publish- ers, of Toledo, Ohio (to 1877):
Frank W. Kibbe, 400 Michigan Street ; age, 16; Printer, Publisher and Editor.
James E. Maples,* 423 Ontario Street; age, 13; Printer, Publisher and Editor.
Albert E. Riebards, 10 Utica Street; age, 14; Au- thor and Printer.
Henry W. Kibbe, 400 Michigan Street ; age, 13; Printer and Publisher.
Orie M. Roff, corner 13th and Madison Streets ; age, 17 ; Printer.
Ed. M. Seribner, 144 Franklin Avenue; age, 14; Printer, Publisher and Editor.
Harry D. Fallis, 333 Huron Street ; age, 16; Prin- ter.
Fred. C. Whipple, 167 Walnut Street ; age, 14; Publisher.
J. M. Hubbard, 46 Lagrange Street; age, 16 ; Printer.
Obid B. Law, 621 Huron Street ; age, 15; Printer. Charles H. Cook, 638 Huron Street ; age, 17; Printer.
William A. Howell, 175 Madison Street ; age, 13; Printer.
M. Brady (since deceased), 523 Huron Street ; age, 15 ; Engraver.
C. O. Phelps, Superior Street, between Adams and Madison ; age, 16; Printer.
Harry Ketcham, corner 13th and Madison Streets; age, 12; Printer.
E. B. Smiley, 53 Detroit Avenne ; age, 15 ; Printer. F. G. Kimball, 67 Cherry Street ; age, 13; Printer. A. S. Hannaford, 97 Summit Street ; age, 17; Printer.
Fred. Brigham, 141 Walnut Street; age, 13; Printer. Will. G. Lenhart, 19 Carroll Street ; age, 17; Prin- ter and Publisher.
* Deceased.
149
THE PRESS.
Wm. O. Brown, Jr., corner Summit and Ash Streets ; age, 16; Printer.
Arthur P. Braisted, 120 Madison Street ; age, 15; Printer.
Chas. A. Lee. 595 IIuron Street ; age, 15 ; Printer. Henry W. Eddy, 97 Summit Street ; age, 17; Printer.
William M. Bellman, 746 Huron Street ; age, 17; Printer.
A. F. Lenhart, 19 Carroll Street ; age, 13; Printer. E. Engelhardt, corner Summit and Perry Streets; age, 13; Printer.
Fred. Dodge, 590 Huron Street ; age, 10; Printer. C. G. Lampman, 144 Franklin Avenue ; age, 12; Printer.
AMATEUR BOOKS.
"Puzzledom Complete," by Canoe; 104 pages ; priee, 25 cents. Our Boys, Publishers. 1874.
" Robinson Crusoe." by Wasatch ; 56 pages ; illus- trated (by Brady); price, 10 cents. Kibbe & Lenhart, Publishers.
"Biography of the Seribner Family," by E. M. Scribner ; 16 pages; price, 10 cents. Home News, Publishers. 1876.
"Diek Forrester," by Fuzz; 10 pages ; price, 5 cents. F. Whipple & Co., Publishers. 1877.
"Our Little Hand-Book ;" 16 pages; price, 5 cents. K. O. St. John, Publisher. 1877.
" Jack's Fate," by Rox ; 8 pages; price, 5 cents ; A. P. Braisted, Publisher. 1877.
" Toledo Amateur Directory for 1877;" 20 pages ; price, 10 cents. F. W. Kibbe & Brother, Publishers. 1877.
BOOK AND JOB PRINTING.
For some 20 years, and until about 1853, Job Printing was almost wholly done in connection with Newspaper offices. At the date named, Samuel Andrews and Godfrey Jeager started a separate Job Office at 162 Summit Street (up stairs), which was continued until merged in the Blade establishment, in 1856, Clark Wag- goner meantime having taken the interest of Mr. Jeager.
Subsequently, Boyd & Co. had a Job Office, part of the time in connection with the Com- mercial.
In December, 1862, Ira H. Spear, George L. Johnson and Geo. Schneider, constituting the firm of Spear, Johnson & Co., commenced Book and Job Printing at 99 Summit Street. In November, 1863, the office was removed to 28 Summit Street, where it was burned out February 22, 1868. During the same year they erected the building (139 St. Clair Street) vet occupied by the establishment It is the oldest Job Printing Office, separate from a newspaper, now in the City. The present partners are George L. Johnson and Samuel Andrews, the latter having succeeded Mr. Schneider in 1883-the firm still being Spear, Johnson & Co.
The Blade Printing and Paper Company was organized in December, 1873, with D. R. Locke as President, John Paul Jones as Vice Presi- dent, and George D. Claflin as Secretary and Treasurer. The business of this establishment has been Book Making-including type setting, stereotyping, engraving and binding-general Printing, manufacture of Blank Books and
Boxes, and dealing in Paper and Stationery. Its trade for 1887 amounted to $160,000. The officers for 1888, are as follows :
Directors-S. M. Young, T. JJ. Brown, George D. ('laflin, George F. Johnson, Daniel Nitschke, Horatio S. Young and E. H. Rhoades. President~S. M. Young. Vice President-E. HI. Rhoades. Secretary and Treasurer-G. D. Głaffin.
The Barkdull Printing House (W. Il. and Thomas Il. Barkdull, proprietors) was estab- lished in November, 1873, for conducting the business of Book and Job Printing. Its loca- tions have been-289 and 172 Summit. 51-55 (up stairs) Adams, and 198 St. Clair Street. The business of the office has steadily increased with increasing facilities.
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