Twentieth Century History of Findlay and Hancock County, Ohio, and Representative Citizens, Part 111

Author: Jacob Anthony Kimmell
Publication date: 1910
Publisher:
Number of Pages: 1189

USA > Ohio > Hancock County > Findlay > Twentieth Century History of Findlay and Hancock County, Ohio, and Representative Citizens > Part 111

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With the incorporation of the Rockefeller Institute for [edical Research in June, 1901, Dr. Herter, who had been tive and influential in the preliminary conferences, became member of the Board of Directors, and served for a number : years as its Treasurer. His death marks the first break in le membership of the Board as originally constituted.

From the date of his graduation in medicine, Dr. Herter's fe was one of singular devotion to the pursuit and advance- ent of scientific medicine-a devotion ever increasing and irning never more brightly than during the last years of a 'ogressive and wasting nervous affection. To this life-work : brought the intellectual qualifications of the successful in- stigator of nature, good training, industry and enthusiasm. ith the scientific temperament was joined, in unusual de- ee, the imaginative and artistic, in music especially, his complishments being those of a virtuoso.

Opportunities for scientific research Dr. Herter created gely for himself, by constructing on the top floor of his use a well-equipped laboratory for experimental, patho- ical, bacteriological and chemical investigations, and by uring the services and co-operation of able assistants and laborators. From this private laboratory have issued dur- : the last fifteen years numerous and valuable contributions. Dr. Herter was a prolific contributor to medical science, his lished articles and books numbering not less than seventy, I covering a wide range of activity. His earliest scientific trest related to diseases of the nervous system, his first pub- tions in this field appearing in 1888, followed in 1889 by valuable study of experimental myelitis, and later by sev-

articles of pathological and clinical interest, and by the lication in 1892, of the first edition of his text-book on he Diagnosis of Diseases of the Nervous System." After

Extract from Minute prepared for the Rockefeller Institute Medical Research by Dr. W. H. Welch.

perimental pathology, and especially of pathological chemistry, being concerned with problems of metabolism, of the formation of gall stones, of glycosuria, of anæmia and toxemia and of in- fantilism; and in the later years particularly with the study of the intestinal bacterial flora and intestinal putrefaction. His lectures on "Chemical Pathology in its Relation to Prac- tical Medicine," published in 1902, met a most favorable reception. He approached pathological problems with broad biological, and even philosophical interest.

Dr. Herter's services to American medicine are not to be measured solely by his published contributions, valuable as these are. The example and influence of his personality and of the ideals which he represented made strongly for higher professional standards and for the wider recognition and cul- tivation of medical science. The lectureships which Dr. Herter, in association with Mrs. Herter, established upon wise and generous foundations at the Johns Hopkins Medical School and the University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College serve a most useful purpose in the promotion of scien- tific medicine.

It was mainly through Dr. Herter's instrumentality and generous support that the "Journal of Biological Chemistry " was established in 1905, and he was also active in the organi- zation, in 1908, of the American Society of Biological Chemists.

Biological chemistry in this country owes a large debt to Dr. Herter, whose death after a little more than two decades of fruitful activity is indeed a severe loss to American medicine.

Dr. Herter's services were of great help in the planning and development of the Rockefeller Institute. After the opening last September of the hospital of the Institute, to which he had been appointed physician, and which owes much in its conception and general character as a research hospital to the time and thought devoted to it by him, Dr. Herter be- gan to make use of the opportunities there offered, which seemed to be the fulfilment of his dreams for study of the problems of disease as presented by the living patient. The zeal and ardor with which he entered upon this work seemed to his colleagues wonderful, and indeed heroic, in view of the increasing and distressing physical infirmities of the last weeks of his life.

The memory of Christian Archibald Herter will continue to be a stimulating influence to be perpetuated and cherished as an example of good scientific work, of generous material aid in the promotion of medical science, of devotion to the best interests of his profession, of fine culture, loyalty of char- acter, broad humanity and high idealism.

THE JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL BULLETIN.

It is issued monthly. Volume XXII is now in progress. The subscrip- tion price is $2.00 per year. (Foreign postage, 50 cents.) Price of cloth- bound volumes, $2.50 each.

A complete index to Vols. I-XVI of the Bulletin has been issued. Price, 50 cents, bound in cloth.

Orders should be addressed to THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, BALTIMORE, MD.

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NOTES ON NEW BOOKS.

Œdema: A Study of the Physiology and the Pathology of Water Absorption by the Living Organism. The Nathan Lewis Hatfield Prize Essay of the College of Physicians of Phila- delphia, by MARTIN H. FISCHER, Professor of Pathology in the Oakland School of Medicine, Oakland, Cal. (New York: John Wiley & Sons. London: Chapman & Hall. 1910.)

Physiology and pathology depend so much upon the funda- mental sciences that any attempt to bring them into closer rela- tions must be welcomed by the medical reader. Dr. Fischer has considered the occurrence of œdema from the physico-chemical standpoint as merely one phase of the whole problem of the transfer of water into and out of the tissue cells, and this in turn as only an expression of the amount of water which the proteids of the tissues can absorb under the conditions in which they are placed. Under this conception conditions which favor absorption by colloids cause the tissues to take up water, while the conditions which lessen the absorption cause the tissues al- ready saturated with water to excrete it.

His fundamental experiment is as follows: "If one leg of an ordinary frog or tree frog or a toad is ligated just above the knee as tightly as possible, so that the ligature shuts off not only the venous flow but also the arterial, and the animal is then placed in sufficient distilled water to cover the legs, the ligated leg develops an intense œdema, while the unligated one remains nor- mal"-in spite of the fact that no circulation can take place through the blood vessels. "It is clear," he states, "that the cause of adema resides in the tissues themselves and that these become adematous not because water is forced into them, but because changes take place in them whereby they are enabled to absorb water from any available source. In the case of the experiments on toads and frogs this available source is the water contained in the dishes in which the animals are kept. In clin- ical cases of œdema, this is found in the fluids which pass through or about a tissue." The immediate cause for this change in the properties of the tissues he supposes to be the production of acids, especially of lactic acid, in the tissues, which Araki has shown results whenever there is lack of oxygen.

Exactly the same experiments were described in 1898 by Dr. Jacques Loeb,1 of whom Dr. Fischer was a pupil. In this paper Dr. Loeb demonstrated the formation of organic acids in the muscle after ligation, ascribed it to the lack of oxygen, and demonstrated that the muscle tissue took up water in proportion to the acid formation. It is unfortunate that Dr. Fischer, we believe unintentionally, has failed to do justice to the work of his illustrious predecessor and has described many repeated experiments in a manner which leads the casual reader to regard them as original. In interpretation, however, Dr. Fischer differs somewhat from Dr. Loeb, since he disregards entirely the rôles of cell or capillary walls and is unwilling to ascribe even a sec- ondary rôle to filtration as a factor in the genesis of œdema.

Dr. Fischer gives a good discussion of Overton's theory that the surface of cells is made up of lipoid substances (such as lecithin, cholesterin, protogen, cerebrin, etc.) which in their properties as solvents are unlike ether or the fatty oils, and that only such substances penetrate the cells as are soluble in or miscible with these lipoids. Dr. Fischer himself regards the proteids of the surface as more important than the lipoids. He gives some interesting physico-chemical experiments to show that while acids facilitate the imbibition of water by gelatin, fibrin, muscle and sheep's eyes, this process is inhibited by vari-

ous salts and inhibited most by the tartrates and citrates. He very ingeniously injects acids into gelatine plates with a syringe and shows that " wheals" are thus formed about the injection very similar to those due to insect bites (in which the poison is also an acid).

Dr. Fischer goes on to apply his theoretical conclusions te various clinical conditions, notably to glaucoma. He regards glat- coma as due to swelling of the colloids of the eyeball, similar to what occurs when the eyeball is placed in acid. He believes ths: it is independent of circulatory phenomena. Acting upon this suggestion the author and H. G. Thomas have used instillations of sodium citrate and tartrate in the treatment of glaucoma, and claim that the intraocular tension was diminished thereby. This theory of glaucoma has been criticised recently by E. v. Knape and awaits confirmation.

Dr. Fischer also cites some interesting experiments on the tt moval of experimental œdemas in frogs by immersion in sodium citrate solutions, and states that Dr. John D. Long has success fully treated the œdema about inflamed joints by injection cf sodium citrate a result which the author has been able to dupli cate by local injections of sodium citrate in œdematous tissues of cardiac disease and nephritis. These observations, though fer in number, are of practical importance. If confirmed by furth: observation they may lead to a distinct advance in the treatment of œdema.

The rest of the book deals with @dema of the lungs, turgot. plasmolysis and plasmoptysis, the secretion of urine by the kid ney and hæmolysis. The two latter sections are interesting ani contain some suggestive experiments.

The style of the author is, in the main, clear and interesting The book is well printed, and although italics are used some what freely they enable the casual reader to get some idea of the author's conclusions without a careful perusal of the text. The figures and curves are good and add to the clearness of the sob- ject matter.

The book as a whole contains much and varied information with numerous references to suggestive articles. In spite of : good deal of special pleading it furnishes interesting reading even where one cannot agree with the author's views.

A. D. H.

Vicious Circles in Disease. By JAMIESON B. HURBY, M. A., M. D. (Cantab.), ex-President Reading Pathological Society. (Los- don: J. and A. Churchill, 1911.)

In the fight against almost every disease the efforts of the physician may be baffled by the establishment of vicious circles. in which one factor of the malady gives rise to and perpetuates another. Nevertheless, though a foreknowledge of the vicious circles that may be encountered may be almost as essential af the diagnosis and the initial treatment, clear-cut descriptions of vicious circles are rarely met with in textbooks; and in most of the latter only a small percentage of existing vicious circles are mentioned.

In this book Dr. Hurry has given the first systematic collection of the vicious circles which occur in medical practice and bas illustrated their mode of production with excellent graphic repre sentations, which add much to the clearness of the text. He bas also collected a large number of instances in which the circles may be broken or reversed by therapeutic means. Such a bock does not aim to supplant the text-book and is bound in a certain degree to sacrifice accuracy to brevity, but it cannot fail to fer- nish helpful suggestions to both student and practitioner, and merits the perusal of both. A. D. H.

' Physiologische Untersuchungen ueber Ionenwirkungen, IV, Zur Theorie des Œdems. Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol., Bonn, 1898, Ixxi, 469.

? Skand. Arch. f. Physiol., 1910, xxiii, 162.

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Nousmou Domy Ol Tramed Masseuses. Price, $4.00. (London: Henry Frowde and Hodder & Stoughton, 1911.) Oxford University Press.

Miss Despard has written an excellent chapter on massage, id it is a pity the entire volume is not given to this alone, but e first 175 pages are devoted to the anatomy of the human dy, copiously illustrated with pictures more suited to students

advanced anatomy than to those who are anxious to learn assage; only 75 pages are given to the most important part of e work, which is completed by two cursory chapters on band- ;es and electricity in conjunction with massage. The photo- aphs to show the different methods of giving massage are most tisfactory, and this text-book, even though we feel it is not ell balanced, is to be recommended without restriction to stu- nts of this art.

istory of Medicine. By MAX NEUBURGER, Professor of Medical History in the Imperial University of Vienna. Translated by Ernest Playfair, M. B., M. R. C. P. In two volumes. Vol. I. Crown, 4to. (London: Oxford University Press, 1910.)

To the Germans especially we are deeply indebted for critical id exhaustive study of the records of the past. Their matchless .tience, their tireless industry and perseverance, their vast lin- listic resources and their judicial temperament, have borne rich irvests of literature. In no department have the results been ore conspicuous and important than in the field of medical his- ry, and the work before us affords striking proof of the fact. s Professor Osler points out in the Preface written by him, The output in Germany of works and monographs representing holarship of the first class is equal to the rest of the world put gether," and the immediate future is rich in promise of still ore important contributions. The libraries of Europe are being nsacked for new and revised Greek and Latin texts, which are

be published under the auspices of the Imperial Academy of erlin and the Institute at the University of Leipzig for the udy of the history of medicine founded by the late Professor ischmann. Meanwhile, we can feast on the treasures set before in Gurlt's monumental Geschichte der Chirurgie and the more cent encyclopedic general history designed by Puschmann, and his early death taken up and completed by his pupils, Pro- ssors Neuburger and Pagel, the latter of Berlin (1902-5).

It was to be expected that the elaborate researches undertaken these works, especially the latter, by so many distinguished iolars, would lead to the production of a convenient manual bodying all that is essential for the student and the general ider, and that has been accomplished by Professor Neuburger the work before us in a manner that gives no occasion for vthing but praise.

The subject is treated in a fresh and animated style that holds reader's interest from beginning to end. The general narra- e is given in large type while the details are filled in with all type, an arrangement that is helpful and affords pleasing iety and relief. The principle of evolution is fully and con- itly recognized; yet progress has been far from uniform or tinuous. " The history of medicine is no calm, unbroken evo- on, but a series of advances by fits and starts; with interrup- 18 of subjective influence and with change of scene. ....

ly of the finest intellects squandered their energies upon tesque error which obscured many valuable half-truths. . .. . most brilliant speculative systems barred the way to prog- ; and a priori deduction, not reconsidered in the light of ex- ence, served but to lead medicine astray."

ull justice is done to the new discoveries made in Mesopo- la and Egypt, the science of pick and shovel and the elucida- of cuneiform inscriptions having opened to us in the former

and Assyrians, reaching back beyond 3000 B. C., while the famous Ebers and Bugsch papyri in the latter furnish records of little less antiquity. Yet the beginning is not yet, for back of these was an already protracted period of development, of which Baby- lon and Nineveh were only the most historically important products.

Egypt has left deeper traces upon the memory of man than Babylon, a fact which is to be attributed to its intimate relations with the nations bordering on the Mediterranean, to Jewish and Greek literature, especially the Bible and Homer, and to the striking and mysterious remains found in the Valley of the Nile. But the records already brought to light, according to Neuburger, hardly substantiate the superiority of the Egyptians over their Eastern predecessors, either in religion or science, while their claim to originality is becoming more and more doubtful.

It is interesting to learn that there are traces of auscultation in the Ebers papyrus; also that hygiene and prophylaxis occu- pied so predominant a status and had reached so astonishing a development among the ancient Egyptians. But other nations, as the Indians, led by their religious views, appear to have paid scarcely less attention to it. Neuburger concludes that it is clear that Egypt exercised a powerful influence upon the social hy- giene of the Jews, upon Greek medicine and through these upon the development of mankind.

One of the finest sections of the entire work is that dealing with "the matchless collection of writings bearing the name of Hippocrates, greatest of all physicians," to whom the School of Cos owes its transcendant title to fame. But it can no longer be maintained that these writings emanated exclusively from Hippocrates; " in the light of searching criticism they are noth- ing but the motley, heterogeneous output of generations, the in- tellectual product of many thinkers, whose individual voices only chance has united to form a single chorus by no means invari- ably harmonious." Yet there is an individuality permeating them which is traceable to the strong influence of a single domi- nating personality. This personality looms up grandly but dimly through the ages, like a stream with many springs, vivifying and inexhaustible; admired by all, really understood by few, imi- tated by many, equalled by none, the master of medicine for all time. We may conclude that the Hoppocratic ideal will live, unfettered by doctrines, to remotest ages.

Not inferior in breadth and clearness is the section relating to Galen and his system-" the climax of scientific effort in ancient medicine."

One is struck with the frequency with which the author incul- cates caution as to final judgment. This applies not only to the medicine of the early periods, the Babylonic-Assyrian and Egyp- tian, but also to that of later times, as the Arabian. To quote in the latter case: "Since the manuscripts which have been so far investigated bear only a small proportion to the extent of the original literature, and considering the possibility, by no means unprecedented, that research may bring forth surprising discov- eries, it follows that we are not at present in a position to ex- press a final opinion upon the achievements of Arabic medicine in detail." This is the true historic attitude of a mind ever open to the reception of new truths and ready to be convinced.

The author's fairness is everywhere manifest and even when forced to condemn he finds something to praise. He seeks to judge events from a contemporary standpoint which is the only way to do justice to them. This is particularly seen in dealing with the Methodists, whose most shining adherent was the cele- brated gynecologist, Soranus of Ephesus.

In conclusion, we will only say that we have found nothing to criticise in this incomparable work which will stand for many years to come as the leading text-book on the subject.

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The work of the author has been ably seconded by Ernest Play- fair, who has given us a spirited and scholarly translation, in which he has steered clear of the German idiom, a thing so diffi- cult to do in translations from that language.

We shall await with deep interest the appearance of the sec-

ond volume dealing with a much larger subject and one more closely connected with present-day medicine.

The style of the book needs no comment, as the excellence of the Oxford publications is well known.

E. F. C.

BOOKS RECEIVED.

Interne Klinik der bösartigen Neubildungen der Bauchorgane. Von Priv .- Doz. Dr. Rudolf Schmidt. Mit einer Farbigen Tafel. 1911. 8vg. 355 pages. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin, Wien; Rebman Company, New York.

Diseases of the Anus, Rectum, and Sigmoid. By Samuel T. Earle, M. D. With 152 illustrations in the text. 1911. 8vo. 476 pages. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia and London.

The Care and Training of Children. By Le Grand Kerr, M. D. 1910. 12º. 233 pages. Funk & Wagnalls Company, New York and London.

The Dawn of the Health Age. By Benjamin Moore, M. A., D. Sc., M. R. C. S., L. R. C. P. 1911. 12°. 204 pages. J. & A. Churchill, London; The Liverpool Booksellers' Co., Ltd., Liverpool; P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Philadelphia.

" Salvarsan " or 606 (Dioxy-Diamino-Arsenobenzol) Its Chemistry, Pharmacy and Therapeutics. By W. Harrison Martindale, Ph. D. Marburg, F. C. S., and W. Wynn Westcott, M. B., Lond., D. P. H., H. M.'s Coroner for North-East London. 1911. 8vo. 77 pages. Paul B. Hoeber, New York.

Bismuth Paste in Chronic Suppurations. Its Diagnostic Import- ance and Therapeutic Value. By Emil G. Beck, M. D. With an Introduction by Carl Beck, M. D., and a Chapter on the Application of Bismuth Paste in the Treatment of Chronic Suppuration of the Nasal Accessory Sinuses and the Ear, by Joseph C. Beck, M. D. With eighty-one engravings, nine diagrammatic illustrations, and a colored plate. 1910. 8vo. 237 pages. C. V. Mosby Company, St. Louis.

The Treatment of Syphilis by the Ehrlich-Hata Remedy (Dioxy- Diamido-Arsenobenzol). A Compilation of the Published Ob- servations. By Dr. Johannes Bresler. Second edition, much enlarged, with the portraits of Ehrlich and Schaudinn. Translated by Dr. M. D. Eder. With an Abstract of the Most Recent Papers. 1910. 12º. 122 pages. Rebman Limited, London; Rebman Company, New York.

Accidental Injuries to Workmen. With Reference to Workmen's Compensation Act, 1906. By H. Norman Barnett, F. R. C. S. With Article on Injuries to the Organs of Special Sense. By Cecil E. Shaw, M. A., M. Ch., M. D., and Legal Introduction by Thomas J. Campbell, M. A., LL. B. [1909.] 8vo. 376 pages. Rebman Company, New York.

Remedial Gymnastics for Heart Affections Used at Bad-Nauheim. Being a translation of " Die Gymnastik der Herzleidenden " von Dr. Med. Julius Hofmann und Dr. Med. Ludwig Pohlman. By John George Garcon, M. D. Edin., &c. With fifty-one full- page illustrations and diagrams. 1911. 8vo. 128 pages. Paul B. Hoeber, New York.

Makers of Man. A Study of Human Initiative. By Charles J. Whitby, M. D. (Cantab.) With forty-seven half-tone and other plates. [1910.] 8vo. 424 pages. Rebman Company, New York.

Golden Rules of Ophthalmic Practice. By Gustavus Hartridge F. R. C. S. " Golden Rules " Series. No. VII. Fifth Edition [1910.] 32°. 72 pages. John Wright & Sons Ltd., Bristol, Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., Ltd., London.

The Principles of Pathology. By J. George Adami, M. A., M. D. LL. D., F. R. S., and Albert G. Nicholls, M. A., M. D., D. S. F. R. S. (Can.). Volume II. Systemic Pathology. Secci edition, revised and enlarged with 301 engravings and 35 plates. 1911. Svo. 1160 pages. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia and New York.

Handbook of Treatment for Diseases of the Eye. (Ophthalmk Therapeutics). By Curt Adam. With a Preface by Pre. von Michel. Translated from the second German editica (1910) by William George Sym, M. D., F. R. C. S. Ed., and E. M. Lithgow, M. B., F. R. C. S. Ed. With thirty-six illt; trations. [1910.] 12°. 264 pages. Rebman Company, Nes York.

Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery. By Frederick Strange Kolle, M. D. With one colored plate and five hundred and twenty-two illustrations in text. 1911. 8vo. 511 pages. D. Appletos and Company, New York and London.

Modern Treatment. The Management of Disease with Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Remedies. In Contributions by American and Foreign Authorities. Edited by Hobart Amory Hare. M. D., assisted by H. R. M. Landis, M. D. In Two Volumes Volume II. Illustrated. [1911.] 8vo. 900 pages. Lea t Febiger, Philadelphia and New York.

A Handbook of Practical Treatment. By Many Writers. Edited by John H. Musser, M. D., LL. D., and A. O. J. Kelly, A. M. M. D. Volume I. 1911. 8vo. 909 pages. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia and London.

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Twentieth Century History of Findlay and Hancock County, Ohio, and Representative Citizens, Part 111

Author: Jacob Anthony Kimmell Publication date: 1910 Publisher: Number of Pages: 1189

Author: Jacob Anthony Kimmell
Publication date: 1910
Publisher:
Number of Pages: 1189