USA > Pennsylvania > McKean County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 1
USA > Pennsylvania > Potter County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 1
USA > Pennsylvania > Elk County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 1
USA > Pennsylvania > Cameron County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 1
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Gc 974.8 L51h 1169820
ML
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01179 3848
HISTORY
OF THE
COUNTIES
OF
MCKEAN, ELK, CAMERON AND POTTER,
PENNSYLVANIA,
WITH
BIOGRAPHICAL SELECTIONS.
INCLUDING
THEIR EARLY SETTLEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ; A DESCRIPTION OF THE HISTORIC AND INTERESTING LOCALITIES ; SKETCHES OF THEIR CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES; PORTRAITS OF PROMINENT MEN ; BIOGRAPHIES OF REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS; OUTLINE HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA: STATISTICS.
ILLUSTRATED.
CHICAGO : J. H. BEERS & CO., PUBLISHERS, 1890.
JOHN MORRIS COMPANY, PRINTERS, 118 AND 120 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL.
1 $75:00
-
PREFACE. 1169820
Go fix some weighty truth;
Chain down some passion: do some good:
Teach ignorance to see or grief to smile; Correct thy friend; befriend thy greatest foe: Be just in all things; make amends For follies past, and, with warm heart, Forgive, and be forgiven. Let work not words Thy virtue prove. Go act as well as prate, And then thy counsels will be strong, Thy reprimands avail. - ANON.
THE province of the historian is to gather the threads of the past ere they elude forever his grasp, and weave them into a harmonious web to which the "art preservative " may give immortality. Therefore he, who would res- cue from fast-gathering oblivion the deeds of a community, and send them on to futurity in an imperishable record, should deliver a plain, unvarnished tale. In such a spirit have the compilers of the following pages approached the work of detailing the history embodied therein, and trust they have been fairly faithful to the task imposed. It has been their honest endeavor to trace the history of the development of this section from that period when it was in the indisputed possession of the red man to the present, and to place before the reader an authentic narrative of its rise and progress to the prominent position it now occupies in the Keystone State.
This volume has been prepared in strict accordance with the announce- ments made in the prospectus issued more than a year ago. The publishers were fortunate in securing the services of Prof. M. A. Leeson, whose many years of labor in the field of local history have especially fitted him for the work. To him was assigned the task of preparing the general histories of these counties.
The biographical sketches, which are an important feature of the work, were prepared, for the most part, by a special corps of writers, who gathered the facts from those immediately interested, to whom they were submitted, in type-written form, for revision and correction. The personal and family his- tories given in these sketches chronicle much interesting and valuable matter which, through death and the ravages of time, would otherwise be lost, and it is believed that in succeeding years they will be found to possess an additional interest and value.
The volume is believed to contain a larger and more varied amount of his- torical materials than was ever before embodied in a local history; but he who expects to find it entirely free from errors or defects has little knowledge of the difficulties attending the preparation of a work of this kind. To procure material for its compilation, official records have been carefully examined; newspaper files searched; manuscripts, letters and memoranda have been
IV
PREFACE.
sought, and hundreds of citizens interviewed. In some cases it was necessary to reconcile contradictory statements. Some errors are unavoidable. The pub- lishers trust that the book will be received in that generous spirit which is grati- fied at honest and conscientious effort, and not in that captious spirit which refuses to be satisfied short of unattainable perfection.
Throughout the pages of the history of the counties literary credit is given to those, who, in earlier years, did so much for the cause of history in this . district; acknowledgment is made to others for the ready assistance given in the prosecution of the work. The number who have assisted by suggestion. relation or written testimony to render this volume what it is, is too large to warrant individual mention here, but the aid and courtesy of each one are fully remembered and appreciated.
Special thanks are tendered to the prothonotaries, commissioners' clerks and recorders, and to all other officials of these counties, for their co-opera- tion with the writer in searching the public record books and documents. To the clerks of the boroughs and the record keepers of religious, secret, benevo- lent, temperance and military organizations, acknowledgement is gratefully made for their material aid.
To the members of the newspaper circle of Mckean county, who not only permitted the examination of their most valuable files, but also suggested many interesting historical points, hitherto unpublished, much of the complete char- acter of this volume must be credited. The files examined comprise the Miner, in possession of Lucius Rogers; the Reporter, of A. J. Hughes; the Era and older papers, as well as the Oil News, of the Era Publishing Company, through Editors P. C. Boyle and A. L. Snell; the Star, of the Star Publishing Company, through Editor H. F. Barbour; the Eldred Eagle, of A. D. Gould; the MeKean Democrat, of Clark Wilson; the Kane Leader, of Ada C. Malone, and the Oswayo Valley Mail, of J. P. Herrick; while a thorough summary was made of the old newspaper files of 1832-42; of the King survey books of 1799-1805, and historical papers of Orlo J. Hamlin, published in 1832, all in possession of Byron D. Hamlin. The reminiscences of Loyal Ward, and the private docu- ments in possession of Henry Hamlin, proved very valuable.
To the editors of Elk county an equal measure of thanks is extended. The old files of the Advocate, in possession of Jerome Powell, the new ones, of Editor Baker. the files of the Democrat, of George R. Dixon; the Gazette, of the Wilmarth Brothers, and the Herald, of F. A. Jacob, yielded up a wealth of local history. The pamphlet entitled Our Common Schools, by George R. Dixon, the papers by Erasmus Morey, Jefferson L. Brown and George A. Rathbun, with short sketches by Henry Souther and Dr. C. R. Earley, con- tributed largely to render the history of Elk county complete; while the collec- tion of old school records and documents in possession of Charles Lubr, and the reminiscences of Ignatius Garner, were invaluable contributions to the sketches of Benzinger township and St. Mary's borough. From copies of the Clarion Breeze accounts of modern Johnsonburg and vicinity are taken.
Cameron county has been especially fortunate in the number of her his- torians. In 1875 one of the pioneers of theSinnemahoning. John Brooks. contributed a very interesting historical paper to the literature of the times. He was followed by Dr. Lanning and J. B. Newton. All their writings were published in the Cameron County Press. Prior and subsequent to Centen- nial year the veteran editor of the Press. C. B. Gould, left little or nothing undone to render his journal a great contemporary record, so that to the his- torical writers named, and their editor, the complete character of the history of Cameron county must be credited. From the files of the Independent. of
V
PREFACE.
S. S. Hacket, many facts connected with the development of the lumber in- dustry were taken, and from the Driftwood Gazette, of J. T. Earl & Co., much relating to the progress of the lower townships.
In Potter county acknowledgments are due to Edwin Haskell, editor of the Potter County Journal: to W. W. Thompson, owner of a valuable collection of local newspapers; to A. J. Evans, of the Ulysses Sentinel; to D. W. Butterworth, of the Enterprise, and to H. D. Caskey, of the Austin Autograph. To E. O. Austin literary credit must be given for the history of Austin and Costello, and their great industries, as published in the Autogragh ; indeed, his history published in 1869-71 must be considered the first written of Potter county. Dr. E. S. Mattison's historical manuscript was unhesitatingly granted for the use of the compiler, and from it many valuable pages of the county's history were taken; to his earnest efforts much of the complete character of the story of poneer life is due.
To all people, whose intelligent co-operation renders this work successful, is sent a message of hope and belief that this volume will prove authentic and be acceptable.
THE PUBLISHERS.
r
CONTENTS.
History of Pennsylvania.
PAGE.
PAGE.
INTRODUCTORY .- First Settlers Along the Delaware-William Penn-His Early Diffi- culties-Dissensions in the Colony-Penn's Second Visit to the Province-Accession of Governor Keith-French and Indian War-Franklin's Mission to England-The
Boundary Line-Struggle for Independence -Convention of 1787-Constitution of 1790- Whisky Insurrection-Stone Coal- Conven- tion of 1837-Pennsylvania in the War of the Rebellion-Subsequent Events. . . . . . . . . 17-48
History of Mckean County.
CHAPTER I .- TOPOGRAPHY AND NATU- RAL HISTORY .- Boundary and Area-Land Cessions and Purchases-Population-As- sessinent Statistics-General Description- Topography-Creek Nomenclature -- Vege- tation-Lumber Manufacture-Game and Fish-Fossils-Coal Mines-Gas Wells ..... 53-58
CHAPTER I .- OIL FIELDS .- Early Diseov- eries of Oil-Coal Oil Mills and Oil Wells- Oil Companies-Wells of the Pioneer Period -The Bradford Oil Field-" Shut In " by Producers-Pipe Lines and Companies- Well Drilling, Past and Present-Oil Sconts -Well Torpedoes-Miscellaneous ......... .. 58-94
CHAPTER III .- PIONEERS AND PIONEER DAYS .- Prehistoric Remains-Indians-In- dian Land Purchases-Sale of Lands-Early Surveys and Settlements-Early Tax-payers -Underground Railroad-Hunting-Storms and Floods-First Court-house-First Ball -Early Wedding - Early Incidents and Reminiscences-County Centennial Celebra- tion .... .. 95-105
CHAPTER IV .- TRANSACTIONS OF THE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. - Organization of the County-Holland Land Company's Lands-John Keating's Liberality-Smeth- port, the County Town-County Administra- tion - County Buildings - Public Roads - Bridges-Poor Farm-Mortgages-Forfeit- ed Lands. 105-112
CHAPTER V .- COURTS AND BAR .- First Courts-Character of the Early Bench and Bar, with Dates of Admission of Members Prior to 1878-Celebrated Causes-Judges and Associate Judges-Prominent Attor- neys, Prothonotaries, etc .- Attorneys Ad- mitted to the Me Kean County Bar since May, 1878, Term-Orlo J. Hamlin-John W. Howe 112-118
CHAPTER VI .- POLITICAL AFFAIRS .- In- troductory-Orlo J. Hamlin-Elections for Governor, 1835-Elections from 1840 to 1883 -General Elections, 1884 to 1889- - Prohibit- ory Amendment Vote, 1889. .121-128
CHAPTER VII. - MILITARY HISTORY,- Forty-second Regiment (Bucktails)-('ol. Kane-Fifty-eighth Regiment. P. V. I .- Eighty-third Regiment, P. V. I .- One Hun- dred and Fiftieth Regiment, P. V. I .- One Hundred and Seventy-second Regiment, P. V. 1 .- Two Hundred and Eleventh Regi- ment, P. V. I .- Miscellaneous. . 128-144
ADDENDUM .- List of soldiers buried in the vicinity of Bradford. .509-570
CHAPTER VIII .- NEWSPAPERS-SCHOOLS - PHYSICIANS. - Newspapers - Introdie- tory-Journals and Journalists-Bradford Newspapers-Bradford Press Club-Miscel- laneous Journals. Schools-Grant of Land and Money by John Keating-First Schools- Primitive Eleemosynary Institution-Early School at Smethport - Edneation Law - School Commissioners and Delegates- School Tax-Statistical Report for 1888. Medical-Physicians, Past and Present- Early Practitioners-Indian Doctors-Re- markable Cure-Itinerant Disciples of Es- enlapius-Me Kean County Medical Associa- tion-List of Medical Men Who Have Regis- tered in Mckean Connty since 1881 . . .. .. 144-154
CHAPTER IX .- RAILROADS. - The Kinzna Viaduct-The Warren Railroad Convention -Sunbury & Erie R. R .- Buffalo, Bradford & Pittsburgh R. R .- The Turkey Path-Sale of the Western New York & Pennsylvania R. R .- Olean, Bradford & Warren R. R .- Bradford & Foster Brook R. R .- The "Peg Ler" Line-Bradford, Bordell & Kinzua R. R .- Bradford, DeGolier & Smethport R. R .- Pittsburgh, Bradford & Buffalo Ry., and Big Level & Bradford R. R .- Big Level & Kinzna R. R .- Bradford R. R. and Kinzua R. R .- Bradford & State Line R. R. Co .- Buffalo Division of Rochester & Pittsburgh R. R. Co .- Miscellaneous 155-161
CHAPTER X .- BRADFORD TOWNSHIP AND CITY OF BRADFORD .- Bradford Township. -General Description-Census Statistics- Early Settlers - Land Warrants and Com- panies-Early Schools and Churches-Some
VIII
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
First Things-Bradford Village in 1875- Township Officers Elected in 1890-Villages. City of Bradford-Pioneers-Origin of the Town -Oil Boom, etc .- Fires-Municipal Affairs - Light and Heat Companies - Banks, Etc .- Oil Exchanges-Post-office- Hotels-Schools-Churches-Cemeteries- Hospital - Societies, etr. - Manufacturing and Other Industries-Conclusion. . . . . . .. 162-214
CHAPTER XI .- FOSTER TOWNSHIP-BOR- OUGH OF KENDALL-CORYDON TOWN- SHIP .- Foster Township-Formation-Cen- SIS-Fires-Township Officers Elected in 1890-Villages. Borough of Kendall-Loca- tion-Population-Business-Peg-Leg Line -Incidents-Fires, etc. - Elections-Schools -Churches-Cemetery-Societies, Corydon Tmenship-Topography, ete .- Population- Seated Tax-payers, 1536-37-Early Mills- Township Officers Elected in 1890. .... .. 214-225
CHAPTER XII. - ANNIN TOWNSHIP - CERES TOWNSHIP. - Annin Township- Topography and Natural History-Popula- tion-Officers of the Township, 1890-Turtle Point-Newell Creek-Churches and Ceme- tery. Ceres Township - Topography - (il Wells - Population-Officers of Township, 1801-First Justice of the Peace-Early Set- tlers-Resident Tax-payers, 1836-37-Re- survey of the Northern State Line. Ceres Village-First Arrivals-Post-office - Mer- chants -- Schools-Churches-Military-Rail- roads-lodustries. .. 225-230
CHAPTER XIII,-ELDRED TOWNSHIP- BOROUGH OF ELDRED .- Eldred Township -Topography-Oil Wells-Population-Offi- cers of the Township, 1890-First Settle- ments-Resident Tax-payers, 1843-44-First Shingle-mill - Villages, etc. Borough of Eldred-Origin of Name-Early History- Growth of the Town-Incorporation-First Council - Officers Chosen in 1890-Hurri- eanes, Fires, etc .- Fire Company-Schools and Churches - Societies - Banks-Water- works-Gas Company-Industries-Miscel- laneous. 231-244
CHAPTER XIV .- HAMILTON TOWNSHIP- HAMLIN TOWNSHIP .- Hamilton Township -Topography-Geology-Population -Resi- dent Tax-payers. 1836-37-Officers Elected in 1889-Villages. Hamlin Township-Boun- dary-Topography-Oil Wells-Discovery of Limestone -Forests-Population-Resident Tax-payers. 1847-48-Mount Jewett-Its Rise and Growth - Natural Gas - Industries - Post-office-Churches and Cemetery-Soci- ety-Kinzua Bridge-Oil Companies. . . . . 244-251
CHAPTER XV .- KEATING TOWNSHIP- BOROUGH OF SMETHPORT. - Keating Township - Topography - Geology -- Oil Wells - Population -Township Officers in 1890-Port of Entry Early Settlers-The Forester-Solomon Sartwell and Others- Resident Tax-payers, 1836-37-Early Mer- chants in the Township-Villages. Borough ot Smethport - Population, etc .- Officers Electeul in 1890-First Cabin and House- Reminiscences of Asa Sartwell -- Early Set- tlers Some First Things-Post-office-Resi- dent Property Owners, 1856-57 Municipal Affairs-Academies-Churches-Societies- Hotels-Banks-Water and Gas Systems -- Floods and Fires Miscellaneous .. . . . . . . 251-276
CHAPTER XVI .- LAFAYETTE TOWNSHIP .- Topography Minerals -Oil Wells Coal Mines and Companies - Population-Elec- tion in February, 1890- Resident Tax-pay- ers, 1843-4 State Road-Stores-Disasters and Fires -- Miscellaneous. .. ... 276-281
PAGE.
CHAPTER XVII .- LIBERTY TOWNSHIP- BOROUGH OF PORT ALLEGANY .- Liberty Township - Topography - Geology - Coal Measures and Mines-Oil Well-Early Set- tlers, etr .- Resilent Tax-payers, 1836-37- Early Stores-Population-Officers Elected in February. 1890 - Churches - Cemetery -Fires. Borough of Port Allegany-Intro- duetory-Canoe Place-Pioneers, etc .- Pop- ulation-Fires and Floods-Municipal Mat- ters -Industries-Banks-Cemetery Asso- ciation-Hotels-Churches-Public Schools -Societies. Associations, etc ... ... .. 281-295
CHAPTER XVIII,-NORWICH TOWNSHIP,- Topography. etc .- Geology-Coal Mines- Oif Wells-Population-Officers for 1890 - Assessment. 1837-Early Settlers-The Old Norwich Church-The Old Norwich Ceme- tery Association-Stores in 1847-Mineral Wells - Timber Lands and Saw-mills- Newerf. .. 296-301
CHAPTER XIX .- OTTO TOWNSHIP .- Otto Township - Topography-Population-Ofi- vers Elected in 1:90-Resident Tax-payers, 1854-55-Arthur Prentiss' Arcount-Some Early Settlers-Storms and Fires-Church -Society at Rixford-Miscellaneous. Duke Centre-Some First Things-The Place in 1879 - Postmasters - Population - Charter Election, 1881 - Gas Company - Bank - Churches-Societies .. 301-306
CHAPTER XX .- SERGEANT TOWNSHIP .- Topography, etc .- Coal Measures-Oil Wells -Population-The Cooper Lands-Town of Instanter-The Place in 1810-13-17-Assess- ment of Sergeant Township for 1836-37- Villages. Clermont-Some First Things- Fire-Gas Wells-Cemetery Association- Societies .. 306-312
CHAPTER XXI .- WETMORE TOWNSHIP- BOROUGH OF KANE .- Wetmore Township - General Topography - Oil Wells and Lands-Linnber Company-Oil Fields and Enterprises - Population-Officers Elected in 1890-Gen. Kane-The Seneca Hunters- Forest Fires-Town of Jo-Jo-Large Sale of Oil Interests. Borough of Kane-Ori- gin of Name- Col. Kane and David Cornelius - Population - The Place in 1869-74-Eler- tion-Schools-The Board of Trade-Nat- ural Gas Companies - Water Company- Bank and Industriesa Hotels-Churches- Societies-Miscellaneous. .313-326
CHAPTER XXII. - BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .- Bradford Township and City of Bradford 327-413
CHAPTER XXIII. - BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES,-Keating Township and Bor- ough of Smethport 413-465
CHAPTER XXIV. - BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES,-Foster Township and Borough of Kendall. 465-484
CHAPTER XXV. - BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .- Eldred Township and Borough of Eldred-Otto Township . .. 484-515
CHAPTER XXVI. - BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES,-Liberty Township and Bor- ough of Port Allegany-Annin and Ceres Townships .. .315-535
CHAPTER XXVI. - BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .- Norwich. Hamlin, Lafayette and Sergeant Townships. 536-554
CHAPTER XXVIII .- BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. - Wetmore Township and Bor- ough of Kane - Corydon and Hamilton Townships. .. .. 554-569
IX
CONTENTS.
Biographical Sketches.
PAGE.
Annin Township.
527
Bradford Township and City of Bradford. 327
Ceres Township .... 531
Liberty Township and Borough of Pt. Allegany 515 Norwich Township 53G
Otto Township 503
Sergeant Township 553
Wetmore Township and Borough of Kane .... 554
Portraits.
Alford, B ..
307
Hamlin. Henry .. 79
Arnold, A. S
119
Hamlin, Orlo .I 49
Baker, H. S .. M. D
169
Hazelton, B. F.
245
Barbour. H. F
211
Hughes. A. J
217
Benton, A. M
1219
Jones, J. T ..
139
Brown, William Wallace
109
Kane. Maj .- Gen. Thomas L.
Campbell. G. W
261
Keyes, D. J
287
Chrisman. Wmn. L., M. D
233
Lillibridge. A. N.
Coleman, O. D)
Newell. Aug. W. 149
Davis, Joshua ...
267
Rogers, Lucins 179
Dennis, Reuben
255
Rose. Robert H.
Foster. C. H
159
Sprague, F. W.
$39
Griffith, J. T
317
Stone R. B 189
Hamlin, Byron D
59
Taylor, A. N.
Hamlin. Delano R.
190
Wainman, T. C 277
History of Elk County.
CHAPTER I. - TOPOGRAPHY AND NAT- URAL HISTORY. - Formation - Judge Geddes' Report - General Topography - Population-Area and Natural Resources -Oil and Gas Wells and Pipe Lines-Coal Deposits, etc .- Lumber Resources - Fires and Floods-Wild Fruits, Animals. etc. .. 573-579
CHAPTER II .- INDIANS AND PIONEERS .- The Aborigines-Gen. Wade-Early Remi- niscences of Judge Kyler-Pioneer Settlers -Judge J. L. Gillis and Others-Irishtown- First Declarations of Citizenship - The German Union Bond Society-Some First Things in the County-Reminiscences of John Brooks .. . 579-589
CHAPTER III .- COURTS AND BAR .- First Courts. Where Held-First Record of Courts in Elk County-Business Transacted in the Courts of 1844-Early Admissions to the Bar - Crimes - Licenses - Appointments - Names of Attorneys Who Practiced Here from 1868 to 1879. and Subsequently-New Court-house and Jail-Law Libraries .. .. 590-595
CHAPTER IV .- TRANSACTIONS OF THE COMMISSIONERS. - Introductory - Estab- lishment of Elk County-Its Boundaries- The Commissioners of 1843 and Their Trans- actions - Location of the County Seat - County Contracts, etc. - Doings of the Com- missioners from Dates of Appointment- County Officials-Court-house-First Court -New Jail, etc .. 596-602
CHAPTER V .- POLITICAL HISTORY .- Polit- ical Status of Elk County from 1843 to 1889 -Vote on the Prohibitory Amendment in 1889-Returns by Boroughs and Townships- Elections in 1889. .602-610
CHAPTER VI .- JOURNALISM-SCHOOLS,- Journalism-St. Mary's Republican-The
Elk County Advocate-The Elk Democrat- The Daily Democrat-The Elk County Ga- zette - Other Journals, Schools-First School in Elk Conuty and Early Teaching- Township Schools-First Public School- Statistics, 1888-89-School Superintendents - l'onuty Institutes . .613-619
CHAPTER VIL. - MILITARY AFFAIRS,- Some Veterans of the War of 1812-Elk County in the Civil War-The Forty-Ser- ond Regiment (Bucktails-Names of Sol- diers-The Elk County Guards-Sixteenth Regiment. P. V. I .- Company H of Ridg- way, and its Record ... 620-625
CHAPTER VHI. - RAILROADS. - Philadel- phia & Erie Railroad-Sunbury & Erie Rail- road-Pittsburgh & New York Railroad- Other Roads-Accidents, etc .625-627
CHAPTER IX .- MEDICAL. - The Pioneer Physicians of the County and Later Prac- titioners-Record of Physicians Who Regis- tered under the Art of 1881. ... . .. 628-631
CHAPTER X .- BENEZETTE TOWNSHIP .- Elevations - Minerals - Population - Elec- tions - Resident Tax-payers, 184 - The Township in 1850-Village of Benezette- Miscellaneous 631-633
CHAPTER XI .- BENZINGER TOWNSHIP- BOROUGH OF ST. MARY'S. - Benzinger Tienship - General Description - Early Land Purchases-Resideot Tax-payers in 1444-Elections-Voters in 1846-Population -Business. Borough of St. Mary's-Loca- tion.etc .- Beginnings of the Town-Reminis- cences of Charles Luhr-Municipal Affairs - Fires - Industries - Bank - Hotels - Churches-Convents and Convent Schools- Academies-Public Schools-Societies-Mis- vellaneous. . . . . 634-657
Corydon Township.
Eldred Township and Borough of Ellred 484
Foster Township and Borough of Kendall
Hamilton Township 567
Hamlin Township .. 541
PAGE.
Keatiog Township and Borough of Smethport 413 Lafayette Township. 549
x
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
PAGE.
CHAPTER XH .- FOX TOWNSHIP .- Gener- al Description - Settlement - Some First Things-Resident Tax-payers, in 1844- Elections-United States Land Deeds-Coal and Oil Companies-Villages-Churches- Industries, etc. .658-667
CHAPTER XII .- HIGHLAND TOWNSHIP- HORTON TOWNSHIP-JAY TOWNSHIP .- Highland Township-Its Conformation- Growth - Business - Elections. Horton Township-General Description-Minerals -Villages-Churches-Elections, etc. Jay Township-Streams-Elevations, etc .- Resi- dent Tax-payers in 1844-Business in 1850 -- Coal and Oil Companies-Census Statistics- Elections-Caledonia-Miscellaneous . . . . 667-674
CHAPTER XIV .- JONES TOWNSHIP .- Gen- eral Conformation-Coal Basins and Mines -Resident Tax-payers in 1844-Elections- Sketch of the Early History of the Town- ship-Villages, etc .- Wilcox-What the Town is Noted for-Post-office-Business, ete .- Population-Churches-Societies . . . 674-681
CHAPTER XV .- RIDGWAY TOWNSHIP- BOROUGH OF RIDGWAY .- Ridgway Town- ship-Streams, Elevations, etc .- Coal-First Comers-Elections-Resident Tax-payers in 1844- Population-Villages-Miscellaneous. Borough of Ridgway - Location, etc .--
The Ridgways and Other Pioneers-Some First Things-Post-office, etc .- Municipal Affairs - Fires - Manufactures - Banks - Hotels-Churches-Cemetery Association -- Schools-Societies, etc. .. .. 682-712
CHAPTER XVI .- MILLSTONE TOWNSHIP- SPRING CREEK TOWNSHIP. - Millstone Township-Topography-First Settlement -Mills - Population - Election. Spring Creek Township-General Conformation -- Population - Elections, etc. - Some First Things-Villages-Miscellaneous ..... . 712-716
CHAPTER XVIL-BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .- RIDGWAY TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH OF RIDGWAY .. 717-745
CHAPTER XVIII .- BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .- JONES TOWNSHIP .. ..... . . 745- 759
CHAPTER XIX .- BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .- FOX TOWNSHIP -HORTON TOWNSHIP .760-773
CHAPTER XX .- BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES -BENEZETTE TOWNSHIP-JAY TOWN- SHIP. .774-788
CHAPTER XXL .- BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES .- BENZINGER TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH OF ST. MARY'S .789-811
Biographical Sketches.
Benezette Township
774
Horton Township. 769
Benzinger Township and Borough of St.
lay Township 783
Mary's
789
Jones Township 745
Fox Township 760 Ridgway Township and Borough of Ridgway. 717
Portraits.
Bardwell J. S., M. D.
Honk, J. V. 587
Beadle, J. Henry
689
Horton, Hez. 605
Brown, Rasselas W
575
Horton, A. S. 659
Brown, Mrs. Rasselas W ..
575
Horton, W. H 641
Brown, Isaac B.
629
Jones, Julius 683
Brown, .I. L.
611
Kaul, Andrew 593
Cartwright, Burr E.
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