History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics, Part 8

Author: Leeson, M. A. (Michael A.) comp. cn; J.H. Beers & Co., pub
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Chicago, J. H. Beers & Co.
Number of Pages: 1320

USA > Pennsylvania > McKean County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 8
USA > Pennsylvania > Potter County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 8
USA > Pennsylvania > Elk County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 8
USA > Pennsylvania > Cameron County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 8

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

For ages this territory was the grand preserve of the Indian. He came hither to hunt the panther, bear, wolf, fox and deer, and after a few months of easy sport each year returned to his home on the Allegheny. When the pio- neers came hither the animals, which the Red-men hunted, were, like the old hunters, scarce; but enough remained to yield sport, bounty and food to the daring vanguard of civilization. Up to 1875 wild animals existed here almost as numerously as in the first years of the century ; but the oil prospector, wild-cat- ter, scout, railroader and farmer came, and acting like the Irishman at Donny- brook, struck at everything, upsetting the institutions of the wilderness. The great tan-yards, the saw-mills which were built on every stream, the stream of wasted oil which for twenty five years has floated down the waters of the county, have all contributed to thin out the finny tribe: but fish are still found in sufficient quantities to entertain the angler; while many carp ponds have been constructed and used successfully for fish culture.

In 1876 Messrs. Ashburner & Fellows collected along the railroad on the east bank of the Tuna (Tunuanguant) near DeGolier, several specimens and slabs of the spirifera disjuncta, a piece of canalomerate and leptodesma mor- toni, at or above Bradford: on the branch of the New York, Lake Erie & West- ern Railroad, a very indistinct brachiopod was found, and on the north slope of the hill on the Big Shanty and Lafayette road, several lithological curiosi- ties and leptodesma were found. In 1877 L. E. Hicks reported the follow- ing discoveries at Big Shanty: Plant remains, slab covered with small oval elevations, some having the appearance of roots or stems; rhynchonella (sten oschisma) orbicularis; rhynchonella (stenoschisma) eximia; coelospira concava; leiopteria dekayii, and modiomorpha quadrula. At Ludlow and Wetmore, along the Philadelphia & Erie Railroad, he discovered orthis, leucosia, streptor- hynchus, chemungensis and athyrus angelica. At Larrabee, the streptorhynchus chemungensis, just named, and spirifera disjuncta, were found. At Kane, arthrophycus barlani; orthoceras, small fragment; rhynchonella (stenochisma)

HISTORY OF MCKEAN COUNTY.

sappho; spirifera, lepidodendron and brachiopoda, small cast, poor. At Brad- ford, chonetes scitula; spirifera disjuncta: rhynchonella (stenoschisma) dupli- cata; rhynchonella; productella hirsuta; crinoid columns, impressions of ends and the plant. On Kinzua creek, near the county lines, he discovered ptycho- paria salamanca; orthis leucosia, var. pennsylvanica; rhynchonella (stenoschis- ma) sappho; spirifera disjuncta; lamellibranch, poor and broken, and orthis impressa. In 1878 A. W. Sheafer reported among others orthis leucosia and plant impressions similar to those found in the green sandstone at Eldred and Emporium. The discoveries of shells reported include rhynchonella, etc., Bradford, point between east and west branches; also in that neighborhood allorisma; crinoids; avicula; and rhynchonella and spirifer; grammysia, Brad- ford. east side of Tuna; rhynchonella, etc., in SS. Bradford, west branch, near " Boss Well " (loose); orthoceras in cong., Rodger's farm, one-half mile south of Bradford (loose) and at Morrison's dam; spirifer in cong. (two pieces, loose); orthoceras, etc., one and a half miles south of Bradford (loose), also spirifer, there, on Sugar creek and on road from Tally Ho to the Swede church; carboniferous plants, etc., Dennis well (two pieces) dug from Conductor hole; aviculopecten, Tarport (loose), and spirifer at railroad level.

In 1880 E. A. Barnum discovered on the Bingham lands near Kinzua june tion the root of a maple tree which was almost a perfect figure of a girl two and one-half feet in height .... Near Kinzua village, and at an elevation of almost 1,000 feet above, is a small pond fifty by twenty feet in dimension, and from six to eight feet in depth. In this lake were found fish, most of them blind. In 1884 this locality was the home of rattlesnakes. . . . In April, 1878, H. F. Northrup discovered (twenty rods east of the Windsor House, three miles east of Port Allegany), the impression of a gigantic lizard in the sand rock . . . . In the history of Bradford township reference is made to the remains of a large race of men found some years ago.

The first semi-bituminous coal found in this county was discovered by a surveying party (of which Jonathan Colegrove was chief) near Instanter in 1815 or 1816. They came to a windfall, and saw the stone coal lying beneath, forming a bed for the roots and, in some cases, lumps of coal turned up with the roots. Wheeler Gallup, who was one of the party, related the facts to O. J. Hamlin in 1875. In 1817 Ransom Beckwith discovered coal on his lands one mile from Instanter; later the Barrus bed, known as the " Lyman Mine," was opened, and in 1821 coal was found on the Clermont farm. In 1845 coal was delivered at Smethport from the Barrus bed for 123 cents a bushel, and shipped by team to Allegany and Cataraugus counties in New York State. In 1874 the Clermont mines were explored at the expense of Gen. George J. Magee, and in September the Buffalo Coal Company was organized with the General as president and B. D. Hamlin and O. J. Hamlin. local stockholders. The Mckean & Buffalo Railroad Company was also organized with Byron D. Hamlin, president, and D. R. Hamlin, local director. Work was begun in October, 1874, and the road was completed to Clermont in 1875. Mr. John Forrest, now of Smethport, was appointed paymaster at that point. During the year ending October 1, 1849, there were 1,000 tons of bituminous coal sent by wagons into adjoining counties in this and New York State, and to-day the coal fields of Mckean, whether in the eastern or western portion of the county, lend to the owners of manufacturing industries a confidence in supply of fuel which neither gas nor oil can destroy. In other sections of this work the his- tory of the several coal mining industries is given, and notes made on the attempts to manufacture coal oil from the smoky deposit.

In the history of the borough of Kane and of Wetmore, Eldred, Liberty and

HISTORY OF MCKEAN COUNTY.

other townships, references are made to the gas wells. In Ohio, New York, Michigan, Illinois and other States, gas veins have been opened when excavat- ing for water wells, and the flame converted into the uses of fuel; but the modern well is a something which was discovered by accident in boring for oil. Assistant State Geologist Ashburner, replying to Prof. I. C. White's state- ment that all great gas wells are found on the anticlinal axes, points out the exceptions in the Kane field, at Ridgway, at the old Mullin snorter and round Bolivar, where large gas wells have been found in or near the center of syn - clines. He says:

Although it is a fact that many of our largest Pennsylvania gas wells are located near anticlinal axes, yet the position in which gas may be found, and the amount to be obtained. depend upon («) the porosity and homogeneousness of the sandstone which serves as a reservoir to hold the gas; (b) the extent to which the strata above or below the gas sand are cracked; (r) the dip of the gas sand, and the position of the anticlines and synclines; (d) the relative proportions of water, oil and gas contained in the sand; and (e) the pressure under which gas exists before being tapped by wells. All oil-bearing sandstones contain a greater or less quantity of gas: and most gas-producing sandstones contain some oil, although a number of wells said to produce " dry gas," or that in which no oil or water can be detected, contain gas to the exclusion of fresh water, salt water or oil.

Whether found in the synclines or anticlines the gas wells of Mckean have proved a luxury which even the poor may enjoy. Throughout the county gas is used for light and fuel, giving peace to the home and promises of success to every manufacturing industry.

In the Reporter of January 31, 1890, appeared the following poetical trib- ute to MeKean county from the pen of Mrs. Jennie E. Groves:

When morn with its splendor illumines the sky,

Save where a star lingers to watch the night die, And the gray shrouding mist from the valley uprolled Is changed by the sun to an ocean of gold That bears on its bosom elond land as fair As ever took shape in the realms of the air: Ah! who that, enraptured, has gazed on the scene

Can forget the bright valleys and hills of Mckean?

CHAPTER II.

OIL FIELDS.

EARLY DISCOVERIES OF OIL-COAL OIL MILLS AND OIL WELLS-OIL COMPANIES- WELLS OF THE PIONEER PERIOD-THE BRADFORD OIL FIELD-" SHUT-IN " BY PRODUCERS-PIPE LINES AND COMPANIES -- WELL DRILLING, PAST AND PRESENT-OIL SCOUTS-WELL TORPEDOES --- MISCELLANEOUS.

TH THE earliest mention of oil fields was made in the year 440 B. C., by

Herodotus, in connection with the black oil of Anderrica. Contemporary geologists, as well as the people, appear to have paid no attention to this sub- stance, and for over 2,000 years the only known reservoirs of the world were left unnoticed and undeveloped.

A discovery of oil was made July 18, 1627, by the French missionary, Père Joseph De la Roche, who described the Cuba oil spring across the New York line in Allegany as La Fontaine de bitume. France was too much engaged in spreading her Roman civilization throughout the world to entertain an idea of

HISTORY OF MCKEAN COUNTY.

developing this fountain of bitumen. There was no necessity for such devel- opment, for before settlements were made at St. Augustine, Baltimore or Plymouth Rock, that country was enjoying the fruits of plenty, and came next to Rome herself in art and science. Thus these oil wells were left unnoticed for almost 240 years. In 1694 Hancock and Portloek were granted patents for oil made from rock, and in 1761 oil was distilled from bituminous shale. Thirty-eight years later Col. Brodhead's division of Gen. Sullivan's army reported their discovery of petroleum on their return from the expedition against the Senecas, and some years later, when the British Indians, soldiers and Tory followers fled to Canada from the wrath of a free people, they pur- chased oil for illuminating and lubricating purposes from the Indians of the Thames Valley.

On September 19, 1767, Sir William Johnson. writing at Niagara, says: "Asenshan came in with a quantity of Curious Oyle. taken off the top of the water of some very small Leake near the village he belongs to."

In 1806 a peddler, by name Nat. Carey. established his " Seneca Oil" in- dustry on Oil creek, where, later, Gen. Hayes of Franklin purchased three barrels, which he shipped by wagon to Baltimore. The intelligent oil dealers, to whom it was consigned, did not fancy the odor of the oil or appearance of the barrels, and consequently had it emptied into the Chesapeake, and the bar- rels destroyed by fire. From 1810 to 1817 Hecker and Mitis of Truscoviteh, Austria, refined petroleum, and at Bayne an official inspection of naphtha and mineral oil was made in 1817, and in Starunia they were rectified. The Greensburg Gazette of November 18, 1819, speaking of the first oil well, says: " We are informed that John Gibson, of this town, in boring for salt water near Georgetown, on the Conemaugh river, struck a copious supply of Seneea oil at a depth of 207 feet. He supposes that a barrel per day might be pro- cured."

In 1854, while the United States bid farewell forever to the Old-line Whigs, one Toch, an Austrian, bid farewell to the United States, and going to Vienna taught the oil men of Austria the method of refining used at Taren- tum, Penn., by Peterson & Dale, for whom he built the refinery. The Marvin Creek Coal Company was organized February 12, 1855, with a capital stock of $25,000. John Atkinson, of Erie, and Bryant P. Tilden, of Boston, owned half this stock. Two years later the capital was increased, and 700 acres of coal lands added. Near Smethport. at Crosby, works were erected where are now the mills, and coal oil produced from the Clermont coal. In March, 1857, the following letter appeared in the Rochester (N. Y.) Democrat : have just seen specimens of benzole, camphene oil and tallow from coal up in the vicinity of Smethport, McKean county, superior to anything ever known. One ton of coal makes eighty gallons of benzole, forty gallons of fluid, twenty gallons of lubricating oil and fifteen pounds of tallow or sperm. The actual cost of benzole, etc., will not exceed fifteen cents per gallon. * * * There is a machine (for manufacturing purposes) now on the way to Bradford. De- pend upon it, this is no humbug." Nor was it, for buildings were erected opposite the present Riddell House, and coal oil manufactured there. In November, 1859, a New York and Boston company erected a coal-oil mill at the Hermit opening between Marsh's Corners and Kinzua, where they hoped to mine sufficient coal for obtaining this oil. Gilbert, one of the projectors. did not then dream that oil existed here in oceans. although the Drake well, at Titusville, was completed August 28, 1859, and even before this, in 1858, J. M. Williams' well in Canada, and other wells in Enniskillen township, in the county of Lambton, same country, were in operation. The coal oil man-

HISTORY OF MCKEAN COUNTY.

ufacturers had before them the efforts of S. Kier and Nevin, Mckeown & Co., of March, 1857; the latter company's well at Greensburg, Penn., in 1858; the offer of $1,000 for a lamp that would burn petroleum made by S. Kier in 1857, and also the shipments made to New York in November, 1857, by A. C. Ferris, and the introduction of a lamp in which the odorous oil would burn. Col. Drake's well soon shadowed the coal-oil extract works ont of existence, and nothing was heard throughout Pennsylvania but stories of wells and drills and oils.

In April, 1861, oil was found on the Beckwith farm, a mile west of Smeth- port; at Port Allegany the citizens drilled a well, while near McCoy's mill pond (in the vicinity of Smethport) oil was discovered, and down the Tuna ex- ploration was carried on. About this time some irreverent drillers placed a sign on their new derrick, "Oil, Hell or China." Their resolution amounted to little as they did not strike oil, - or China. In 1862 the old Barnsdall or Bradford well near west city line was drilled, a spring pole being part of the machinery used. With this rude driller and ruder ideas of the reservoir. it is no wonder that the tired and disappointed owners abandoned the work at a depth of 200 feet, or within 825 feet of the productive sand. In 1865-66, the citizens of the little village of Bradford* formed a bee to explore farther, and drilled to a depth of 875 feet, when they surrendered the works within 150 feet of the point where perseverance would bring victory. Basing their ideas on the Oil City fields, where the top of the productive third sand is 528 feet above ocean level, they, with little labor, essayed to elevate the level of the Bradford third sand which is 114 feet below that of Oil City, a physical im- possibility indeed. In 1864-65 the Dean Brothers drilled 900 feet on the Shepherd farm, near Custer City. Here another disappointment waited on ignorance of geological structure, for while the old Bradford sand could be found 1, 100 feet below the surface there, it was at least 200 feet deeper down on the Shepherd farm. Men were wild in those days. Impatience as well as ignorance of altitudes and structures ruined many individuals, whose ideas were otherwise practicable. The Dean Brothers did poorer work on the Clark farm (Tarport), where they halted within 400 feet of the top of the produc- ing sand, after wasting time and labor on a 605-feet hole. Kinzua Village oil field dates back to 1865, when the Kinzua Oil Company and the Kinzua Oil Association were organized. and six wells drilled to a depth of 600 feet, but oil answered the drill in only small quantities. In 1875 Hunter & Cum- mings drilled on the Cobbett farm without success, and in 1878 E. A. Van- Scoy & Co.'s venture on Wolf run was equally unsuccessful, although residents and others were much enthused by the appearances and disappearances of oil. In the winter of 1884-85 James Parker & Co. drilled on the Fuller farm, and on March 27, 1885, the " Kinzua Gusher" was expected to drown out all other wells, but yielded only twenty five barrels. Later, however, staying wells were developed and worked successfully.

In 1868 the several oil enterprises of Job Moses, in the neighborhood of Limestone, gave an idea of what the true development of this region would yield. The Salem Oil Company'st well was being drilled in August, 1871, on

# On August 27, 1866, the Kingsbury well at Bradford was drilled by Mr. Walshe to a depth of 791 feet (eighty feet in oil bearing rock), when a vein of oil was struck. P T. Kennedy states that the well of 1865-66, put down by the villagers, produced a fine quality of Inbricating oil in small quantities. A man named Hale pumped from this well for a number of years. The Dean Brothers' well on Shepherd's run was drilled for a Middletown (N. Y.) company.

+ The Salem Oil Company's well mentioned was never drilled in 1871, but in 1876 carried out their plans near where P. T. Kennedy drilled the second well in that neighborhood. The Taylor Company found some oil io the second sand, but in 1876 others drilled deeper and were successful. Job Moses drilleu across the line from 1865 to 1875, meeting with small success.

HISTORY OF MCKEAN COUNTY.

Shepherd's run, near DeGolier and the Elk Lick spring. The W. H. Tay- lor Oil Company organized in September, 1871, with J. K. Haffey, president; J. W. Hillon, vice-president; T. J. Campbell, treasurer, and T. J. Melvin, secretary, to drill wells on Kendall creek, on the Moore farm. Mark Hardie, of Mt. Alton, and others were members of this company. In August, 1871, a meeting held at the new Bradford House, at Bradford, to consider means to develop the oil field, organized the Barnsdall Oil Company, with J. W. Hilton, president; J. R. Pomeroy, vice-president; C. C. Melvin, treasurer; T. J. Mel- vin, secretary; James Broder and Enos Parsons, directors.

In 1871 old-time methods changed for the better. The Foster Oil Com- pany was organized with C. H. Foster, Job Moses and James E. Butts. mem- bers. They drilled at a point two miles northeast of Bradford, and in November struck a ten-barrel-per day sand 1, 110 feet below the well's mouth. Even with this example of perseverance nothing more of importance was accomplished until December 6, 1874, when Butts & Foster opened Butts well No. 1 on the Buchanan farm, a half mile northeast of their first well, and struck a seventy-barrel per day stream. The product for the month was

seventy five barrels. Before April 1, 1880, there were 4,000 producing wells in the Bradford oil district, yielding 50,000 barrels daily. In March, 1874, the Emporium Press, referring to the Butts wells below Tarport, noticed the progress of development as follows: "The oil fever is raging in our neighbor- ing county. Two wells have been put down at Bradford, and both are yield- ing well. The oil is of better quality than that found in the oil regions, and many oil men are changing base, preparing to operate in this new oilderado. The oil is found at a depth of eleven hundred and fifty feet." In March, 1875, J. C. Jackson and A. B. Walker leased of P. T. Kennedy a farm one mile east of Bradford (now producing), and they completed their first well in July-the first ever drilled into the third Bradford sand-yielding about twenty-five barrels per day. This field J. C. Jackson, A. B. Walker, S. Solo- mon, Elias Eckhart formed a company to develop, putting down twenty paying wells in 1875-76. Meantime Mr. Kennedy had his royalties from this field, and shortly after the well proved a success he purchased Eckhart's interest. Olmsted, of Tidioute, finished his well into slush oil below the old Bennett farm, on the Crooks farm, one mile north of the well on the Kennedy farm, about July, 1875. In September, same year, the Crocker well, then only 960 feet deep, was yielding 150 barrels per day. In April, 1875, work on the Smethport oil well was begun, and on November 15 a depth of 2,004 feet was reached without finding oil. In August, 1876, the William Haskell well was commenced.

No 1 well on the Tibbett farm is said to be the first success on the East branch. This farm became the property of Lewis Emery. Jr. The Quintuple tract, formerly the Kingsbury estate, contains 4,000 acres. It was purchased in 1875 by Lewis Emery, Jr., for $54,000. Whitney & Wheeler, Free Pren- tiss and S. L. Wilson were associated with him in this purchase, Wilson sub- sequently receiving $15,000 advance on his share of purchase money. In 1875 Mr. Emery made his first venture on the Tibbett farm in Toad Hollow. his next on the J. M. DeGolier farm, and the third on the Salem tract of the Quintuple, near a well formerly drilled by Barnsdall, but abandoned at 1,100 feet; a fourth on lot 296, southwest of Custer, near Marshburg, and a fifth at Lewis run on a lease of 3,700 acres. Lescure, the superintendent, reported 123 producing wells in January, 1880, and 681 wells in January, 1884, on the Quintuple. Blair well No. 1, Jackson & Walker's No. 2, at Bradford, and Olmsted's No. 1 on the Sanford farm, were examined in November, 1875, and

HISTORY OF MCKEAN COUNTY.

showed the crude to range from 44° to 46° gravity. In July, 1876, the Ken- nedy well showed slush oil of 41º gravity, while Prentiss No. 1 showed 44°, aud Byron & Co.'s well on the Foster farm 45°. Late in 1876 a gas well was struck on the Bruce Rogers farm, near Bradford. The gas was ignited, and from October 1 to February 1, 1877, jets of flame rose twenty-five to forty feet, burning continually, and making summer dwell in the depths of the forest during the earlier winter months.

The Bradford Oil Company was organized under charter April 20, 1876, as the successor to Chambers, Jones & Co. The principal stockholders were J. T. Jones, Wesley Chambers, L. G. Peck and L. F. Freeman. This company owned a large portion of the site of Bradford from Main street south, the sale of which in lots brought in $40,000. In January, 1882, the company still owned 10,000 acres of the northern field, had 100 producing wells at Four Mile, Indian Creek, West Branch of Tuna, and in other localities, so that each share was valued at $2,000. In June, 1879. J. T. Jones, who purchased Chambers' stock, was elected president, and in 1881 he bought out Peck & Freeman, when H. E. Brown, of Warren, was elected secretary, and T. J. Powers, treasurer. Thirty-five new wells were added in June, 1876, and the total production for the month was 33, 134 barrels. There were 115 wells in the Tuna Valley in July, 1876, twelve of which yielded less than ten barrels per day, and only five yielded over twenty barrels each. During June of this year thirty-five wells were drilled, which are included in the total given. Of the flowing wells Wing & Lockwood's, near the State line, and Whitney & Co.'s well No. 5, both new wells, took fire. In August, 1876, a gas explosion at Prentiss well No. 9 resulted in two men being burned to death.

The true development of the Bradford District commenced in the centen- nial year, when operators from the Venango fields turned to the Tuna Valley, extending their wells from Bradford to Limestone, where Job Moses had the first paying well. At this time oil lands were purchased at from $6 to $10 per acre, which in a few months were worth $500 and $1,000 per acre .. The Dennis well, located three-quarters of a mile sonthwest of the old village boundary, was begun in December, 1877, and drilled to 1,719 feet by April, 1878, the mouth being 2,055 feet above the ocean, or about 611 feet above the railroad track at Bradford depot. To watch and record the clays and rocks brought up by the drill, Geologist Leslie appointed a Mr. Hale, who made the complete record published by the department. The McCalmont Oil Company, named from the MeCalmont farm, where the company met early successes, was organized in 1877, with David Kirk. F. A. Dilworth, Frank Tack. F. E. Tack. A. H. Tack and I. E. Dean, members. In 1879 they decided to try the north- ern field, where heavy purchases were made from the Binghams, as the "Tri- angle well," opened by O. P. Taylor, showed what might be expected in Allegheny county. In May, 1881, the Richburg well was struck, and imme- diately the MeCalmont Company purchased the Ackerman farm of 350 acres, at $90 per acre, and then the Reed farm, which led to so much litigation in order to decide the validity of the Shepherd leases. In the northern territory it claimed 950 acres and twenty-six wells, in 1882, and in McKean county 406 acres and eighty-eight wells, with fifty new wells under construction.

In 1877 a company of Pennsylvania cheese makers drilled 1,100 feet in Sharon township, on a tributary of the Honeoye, and was known as the Wright well. The well on Horse run, across the line in Genesee township. Allegany county, N. Y., was drilled about this time: while Kemper, of Duke Centre, drilled in the northeast corner of Ceres township, just inside the line of MeKean county, to a depth of 1,600 feet, but very little oil was found. Kemper drilled

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Author: Leeson, M. A. (Michael A.) comp. cn; J.H. Beers & Co., pub Publication date: 1890 Publisher: Chicago, J. H. Beers & Co. Number of Pages: 1320

Author: Leeson, M. A. (Michael A.) comp. cn; J.H. Beers & Co., pub
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Chicago, J. H. Beers & Co.
Number of Pages: 1320