History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics, Part 139

Author: Leeson, M. A. (Michael A.) comp. cn; J.H. Beers & Co., pub
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Chicago, J. H. Beers & Co.
Number of Pages: 1320

USA > Pennsylvania > McKean County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 139
USA > Pennsylvania > Potter County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 139
USA > Pennsylvania > Elk County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 139
USA > Pennsylvania > Cameron County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 139

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

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HISTORY OF POTTER COUNTY.

mill, extensive stables, a large acreage of farm lands in the highest state of cultivation, as well as 25,000 acres of hemlock timber lands. A general store, 30x90 feet, two stories in height, is supplied and maintained for the use of the hands, but much merchandise is sold to citizens of the surrounding country; indeed, before the building of Austin it was the chief source of sup- plies for a large surrounding region. The offices attached are large and com- modious, being 24x38 feet, two stories in height, and fitted and furnished for the use designed. They are connected by telephone with the neighboring villages, with the Western Union Telegraph system, and the railroad offices at Austin and Keating Summit. There are employed in these works about 275 men, at an average monthly pay roll of from $9,000 to $10,000. Many of the employes are from necessity skilled workmen, and are excellent citizens. The business was established by P. C. & P. H. Costello, at Camden, Oneida Co., N. Y., about 1844. From that their celebrated brand of leather took the name of "Camden Sole Leather," so well known in the trade. The present com- pany of Alfred Costello & Co. consists of P. H., P. C., Alfred and John H. Costello, the latter being a resident here.

Among the leading business houses of the village of Costello, in 1889, were the following: Alfred Costello & Co .. general store; W. B. Rees, drugs and jewelry; H. & M. J. Young, groceries; C. W. Breisenick, drugs and groceries; Julius M. Harris, general store, and E. L. Brownlee, millinery and fancy goods.

At Wharton, across the river, are the general stores of Westgate Bros. and D. S. Seibert & Co, and the grocery store of B. F. Ross. .... The Sylvania Portage bridge over the Siunemahoning at Costello was authorized in Decem- ber, 1889, and the contracts for stone abutments sold to M. Delaney, of Olean, N. Y. .. . . The Costello saw mill, built in 1850, was burned in 1882, but rebuilt the following spring. This mill is now leased by Albert Lyman, and is devoted to the cutting of hardwood .... In January, 1890, Daniel Lyman purchased the hardwood on the lands of F. Goodyear, in the vicinity of Austin, for $50,000. It is his intention to erect a large mill at this point for its manufacture. A great wood-pulp factory is proposed.

St. Paul's Catholic Church dates back to 1886. A very neat church build- ing was erected that year, at a cost of about $4,000-the Messrs. Costello donating the lots and a cash contribution, all estimated at $1,000. Father Patterson served this part of the large parish of St. Mary's until his death. Father Cosgrove is now pastor.

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HISTORY OF POTTER COUNTY.

CHAPTER XIX.

PORTAGE TOWNSHIP-BOROUGH OF AUSTIN-WHARTON TOWN- SHIP-EAST FORK (OLEONA).

PORTAGE TOWNSHIP-TOPOGRAPHY-POPULATION AND TAXABLES-ELECTIONS IN FEBRUARY, 1890-MISCELLANEOUS.

BOROUGH OF AUSTIN-INCORPORATION, AND FIRST OFFICERS-ELECTIONS IN FEBRUARY, 1890 - LUMBER INTERESTS - GOODYEAR RAILROAD SYSTEM - SCHOOL AND CHURCH-SOCIETIES-BUSINESS, ETC.

WHARTON TOWNSIHP -CONFORMATION - POPULATION, ETC. - EARLY LAND OWNERS-FIRST ASSESSMENT, 1831-FIRST SCHOOLS, ETC.

EAST FORK (OLEONA)-A WILDERNESS-RESIDENTS, STREAMS, ETC.

P ORTAGE TOWNSHIP is, geographically, a part of the township of that name in Cameron county. Although wanting in the streams which lend a picturesque charm to the sister township, with the exception of the miniature cañons of Cowley's and Lucore runs; the township is a tree-covered, elevated plane of Pocono sandstone, broken in the north centre by the creek cuttings in the Catskill formation, and in the northeast corner by the diminutive tread of the Sinnemahoning creek. The Mill-creek-Pine-creek range leaves the county in the southern corner of Portage, after giving said township more than its share of high land. In 1853, there were 12 tax-payers; in 1889, 69, with prop- erty assessed at $71,794. The population in 1880 was 114, which has been increased a little. There were 30 Republican, 18 Democratic and 6 Union Labor votes cast there in November, 1888.

In 1860 a portion of Potter, Mckean and Clinton counties were, by an act of the legislature. erected into a county to be called Cameron, in honor of Gen. Simon Cameron. Portage township in Potter county, fifteen miles long, along the MeKean line and five miles wide, situated in the southwest corner, was thickly settled along the Portage creek to below Shippen (now Emporium). The diagonal line of Potter, now seen on the maps, cuts off the portion of Potter below the line, so as to take every person in the township into the new county, but by the provisions of that act the township might resume its municipal or- ganization whenever it contained a sufficient population. In 1871 a supple- ment to the Cameron county act set off a portion of Sylvania township along Freeman's run to Portage township, containing the requisite number of inhab- itants. and they at once municipally organized. The Sinnemahoning at Cos- tello (then North Wharton) was made the boundary line. As the Costello com- pany required all their territory in their farms for their own use, the balance of the town sprang up on the Young place across the river. It contains seve- ral stores, markets, offices, a hotel and the usual accompaniments of a town.

In 1876 this division claimed the following named resident tax-payers: E. O. Austin, C. D. Austin, F. P. Austin, C. C. Burdette, Thomas Brownlee, John Brownlee (saw-mill). Robert Brownlee, William Carson, Mrs. M. E. Everett, H. H., George, Benjamin, John and D. A. Everett, Josiah, Monroe, and Dan- iel Hacket, John Sullivan, Harry Tenbrook, Geo. Turner, John Van Metter, William Willis, R. K. Young, and Thomas L. Young. E. O. Austin was as- sessor that year, and certifies to the above, although on page 22, geological

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HISTORY OF POTTER COUNTY.

report of Andrew Sherwood, it is stated, that there were only two families known to reside there that year. In the history of Cameron county a good deal is related affecting the old township, as in 1860 the inhabited portion was attached to that new connty. In 1871 a portion of Sylvania was annexed to Portage, and its reorganization effected.

The officers chosen in February, 1890, are as follows: Constable, William Putman; town clerk, S. B. Haskins; supervisors, Charles Rees, John E. Brown- lee; school directors, Thomas Logue, Chas. D. Austin; inspectors of election, A. B. Peet, John B. Stiner; judge of election. C. W. Hungerford; overseer of the poor, J. Q. Adams; treasurer, T. W. Brownlee; collector William Putman.

BOROUGH OF AUSTIN.

This new town may be said to date back to the fall of 1886, when the build- ing of the great saw-mills commenced. In February, 1887, it boasted of 700 inhabitants, and in May, 1889, there were 389 personal tax payers (or 1,556 inhabitants on a basis of four persons to each voter). The assessed value in 1889 was $48,071, and moneys at interest $15,301. Austin was incorporated on June 14, 1888, and the regular election ordered to be held at John E. Doyle's house in February, 1889. The special election was held in October, 1888. James W. Thorne received eighty-three votes for burgess. The councilmen chosen were F. P. Anstin and F. L. Blaisdell, for one year; John P. Roth and J. W. Yennie, for two years; Aaron Elliott and James B. Carson, for three years. John Freeman was chosen assessor, James F. Higgins, con- stable and collector, and W. H. Erhard, treasurer. The school directors elected were Dan. Collins and C. L. Garretson, one year; Charles Rothstein and F. P. Austin, two years, and Aaron Elliott and M. Taylor, three years. In 1889 the two first named councilmen were re-elected, also the collector, with W. Watkins, assessor. Messrs. Collins and Garretson, N. E. Weed and W. V. Harney were chosen school directors; L. R. Walters, auditor; the treasurer re- elected, and George Sharp and George O. Hellwig, overseers of the poor.

In February, 1890, there were 129 votes cast, the burgess and one or two others receiving 128 ont of that number. No fight was made except on high constable, F. H. Davis being put in the field as an opponent of William Goulder. The latter received a majority of seventeen votes. The officers elected are: Burgess, W. H. Sullivan; councilmen, Joe Ireland, J. W. Yennie; constable James Higgins; collector, James Higgins; auditor, F. J. Weisert; overseer of the poor, C. S. Watkins; Joseph Alesworth; judge of election, F. A. Worster; inspectors of election, N. E. Weed, Rufus Henderson; school directors, J. G. Corbett, F. A. Worster; high constable, William Goulder. Mr. Austin was first postmaster, succeeded by W. H. Sullivan. In June, 1889, Mr. Hastings. the present master, was appointed.

In August, 1888, a $3,500 school building was completed. The Methodist Church of Austin was incorporated in November, 1888, with J. W. Thorne, John Brownlee, A. S. Heck, C. H. Hartman, S. C. Bush, Robert Leech and R. J. Gaffney, members. The society was organized in 1887 by Elder W. A. Stephens, and Rev. J. Emory Weeks commenced his duties as preacher in charge April 3, 1887. On June 5, that year, a Sunday-school was organized, On November 21, 1888, the church building was dedicated, and in 1889 Rev. H. H. Crotsley took charge. The proposed Catholic and United Brethren Church buildings are not yet begun. A tent of the K. O. T. M. was organized at Austin in April, 1887, with the following named officers: T. S. Darling, E. S. Rudy, J. C. Doyle, M. E. Cleary, J. K. McDonald, S. B. Chambers, William

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HISTORY OF POTTER COUNTY.

P. Burdick, O. A. Nelson, C. R. Unrick, John Sullivan, A. L. Pearce, E. B. Fisher and L. McKerry. The charter was granted in June following.

Austin Lodge, No. 702. I. O. O. F., was instituted, August 16, 1887, under charter of July 15, with the following named charter members: G. B. Booth, N. G .: Wm. H. Sullivan, Treas. : S. H. Lewis, V. G .; H. D. H. Snyder, Sec. ; B. F. Pelton and J. B. Carson, Asst. Secs. ; G. W. D. Judd, George Hayes, J. K. McDonald and Aaron Elliott. Rufus Henderson, O. C. Learn, O. C. Carmar. John Keshoe, Mark Taylor, L. R. Walters, F. J. Wisert, M. J. Young, B. C. Sweet. Fred Graw, A. W. Burt, E. K. Kershner, M. J. Phelps, W. P. Bur- dick, N. H. Hastings, Geo. Caldwell, C. L. Garretson, Geo. B. Sharp, Geo. Leonard. Robert Looney, J. W. Thorne were admitted that night. The past grands are G. B. Rooth, S. H. Lewis, H. D. H. Snyder, J. M. Phelps, and Rufus Henderson, present noble grand. The past secretaries are H. D. H. Snyder, Rufus Henderson, G. B. Sharp, and Sam. B. Haskins, the present secretary, with Jeremiah Gallager, assistant secretary. The present number of members is seventy one. Geo. Leonard and C. L. Garretson were killed by accident, and G. W. D. Judd died from natural causes. The hall is on the upper floor of the Wisert block.

Arcana Lodge, A. F. & A. M., was chartered February 5, 1890, with W. H. Sullivan, W. M .; S. H. Lewis, S. W .: W. A. Worster, J. W .; J. G. Cor- bett, secretary; E. O. Austin, treasurer, and Geo. E. Fluery, G. B. Sharp, Joseph Ireland, J. B. Carson, J. E. Pomeroy, Geo. D. Helwig, R. J. Sharp. Rufus Henderson and S. C. Bush, petitioners. The new lodge proposes to build a ball this year.

A branch of the N. S. & L. A., of Rochester, was organized here in Janu- ary, 1890, with the following named officers: S. H. Lewis, president; Dr. R. J. Sharp, vice-president; F. A. Worster, secretary; W. H. Sullivan, treasurer; J. G. Corbett, attorney; A. L. Pearce, S. H. Lewis, W. H. Sullivan, appris- ing committee.

Great Manufacturing Industries. - During the summer of 1885, while the road was being built and the building of the mills talked of, Oliver S. Garret- son, of Buffalo, N. Y., owner of the extensive furniture and foundry works, was visiting in the vicinity, when the question arose as to the expediency of utilizing the hardwood on this tract in his works at Buffalo. The result was the purchase of all the hardwood upon this tract and the project of building a sort of double mill, sawing the hard-wood for himself and the hemlock for Mr. Goodyear. To carry out these ideas the line of the railroad was somewhat altered, the plans for a mill drawn, and in September the work on the dam was commenced, and soon after on the mill. A street seventy feet wide was laid out to the projected depot, the house of Mr. Austin being the central point, from which the present town was laid out; while his garden, one of the finest in the country, had to be given up for the mill pond. It was soon discovered that the plans for the mill would have to be considerably enlarged to meet the demands upon it, so they were much extended. A portable saw-mill was em- ployed to cut the necessary lumber for it and other necessary buildings, with the supposition that some 200,000 feet would be required. This would have filled the bill, bad the original plans been carried out, but the plans extended; the logging by rail and steam, and building a mill to correspond, was being in- vented, and while the little saw-mill cut about 1,000,000 feet before it was drowned out by water in the new pond, nearly 2,000,000 more were sawed at and shipped from Keating Summitt and the Four Mile mills to go into this structure.

The Hemlock mill was completed September 20, 1886. The mill ents an

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HISTORY OF POTTER COUNTY.

average of 280,000 feet each twenty-two hours. The average cul per month is over 7,000,000. It is equipped with all the modern improvements in saw-mills. The machinery consists of three Babcock & Wilcox safety boilers of 200 horse- power each, a 400 horse-power Wright's automatic engine with steam pumps and condenser, which adds greatly to the power of the engine (the condensed steam. by a system of huge pipes, is carried to the pond by which means it never freezes over in the coldest weather); two circular mills with steam loaders, niggers and feed, a Wicks gag, two gang edgers, an automatic trim- mer, live rolls and two plainers of large capacity. On the first floor is a net work of large belts and conveyors, shafts and pulleys. The largest belt is 110 feet long, forty two inches wide, costing $700. The filing or grinding room is equipped with five automatic grinders and two automatic swages. There is dock room for loading thirty railroad cars at a time. besides three strings of docks to pile lumber from, each three-fourths of a mile long. The lumber is taken to the yard along the three docks on tram cars drawn by horses. About five-sevenths of the lumber is shipped green. There are 175 men employed at this mill whose average wages are $1.90 per day -- the pay roll amounting to $8,000 per month.

The other mill, or No. 2. was begun in April, 1887, and finished and started in February, 1888. This mill is generally only run in the day time, cutting 70,000 feet in eleven hours, 1, 700, 000 feet in a month. It is equipped with two Babcock & Wilcox safety boilers of 200 horse-power each, running two automatic engines of 200 horse-power each, steam pumps, feed, niggers and loaders, one circular and band saw, a gang-edger, automatic trimmer, live rolls, etc. The filing room has two automatic grinders and swages. There is dock room for sixteen railroad cars at a time, and three strings of dock each one-fourth of a mile in length. Here, too, about five-sevenths of the lumber are shipped green. There are manufactured at this mill 3,000,000 feet of hard- wood lumber each, for Mr. Garretson's own use at his works in Buffalo, cut by the band-saw. The band saw saves about one-seventh of the Inmber over a circular, which, in the better class of hardwood lumber is a large item. It is safe to say that these mills cut more lumber in a year than is cut by any similar mills in the States. They are both lighted by electricity, and have a fine system for protection from fires, both automatic and by powerful pump and hose, aside from that afforded by the borough water system, which is ad- mirable. Mill No. 2 employs sixty men at an average wage of $1.90 per day ; the monthly pay-roll being $2,600. The wages paid the employes of both mills are about $11,000 per month, which is promptly paid in cash. There is at each mill a large, circular, inclosed brick burner or crematory, forty feet high, for burning the waste. For a perfect understanding of these works we will give some statistics as reported to us by the proprietors themselves. The hemlock mill cuts 7,000,000 per month. Teams loaded with this lumber would make a nearly solid line of forty miles, and, at 10,000 feet each, would require 700 cars each month to move it. The bark peeled each year averages 60,000 cords. If this was loaded on wagons at two cords each, the line would be 380 miles long, and at fourteen tons to a rail car, would require upwards of 4,000 cars to move it to market.

Of logs there are 100,000,000 feet put out to the mills yearly. and as the ponds will not hold more than one day's sawing. they are moved from their store ground or skid-ways in the woods daily, from eight to ten or more miles away; to do this over 100 cars are used peculiarly designed for this pur- pose, each car having four pairs of wheels on spring trucks connecting with a platform and reach jointed in the middle so as to yield on enrves, with bunks

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HISTORY OF POTTER COUNTY.

and bolsters twelve feet long. Each car when loaded holds about three thou- sand feet. From twenty to twenty-five cars, with from 60,000 to 75,000 feet of logs, make the average train load, although as many as fifty cars are some- times hauled at a time. It takes an average of 115 car-loads to run the mills a day. Five of the "Stem-winder " engines are constantly busy drawing logs and bark and doing switching. Their weight is from thirty-five tons, the smallest, to eighty-one tons, the largest.

In handling the bark a large number of flat-cars is required, of which there are at present 185 belonging to the road. All freight is taken to the W. N. Y. & P. R. R. at Keating Summit, where it is handled by engines on that and other roads. There is in connection with the main line a large amount of siding and tracks leading to the mills, docks, chemical works and kindling-wood factory, which in the aggregate will measure many miles.

In July, 1887, Blaisdell Brothers looked over the mills and situation in Austin, and making arrangements with Messrs. Goodyear and Garretson, re- solved to put in one of their celebrated kindling-wood factories. Here they had an abundance of material for a large factory from one mill, with only a short tram-road to it. They are the owners of several such factories; in fact they are the pioneers in this preparation of kindling-wood, being the inventors of most of the machinery for manipulating the wood. The 1st of July, 1887, their buildings were commenced and in about one year, in August, 18SS, they were completed, and work in them started. Subsequently the buildings were greatly enlarged, and machinery put into double the factory's capacity.

To those unacquainted with this business the manufacture of kindling-wood is a great curiosity. The main building here in which the work is done is 300 feet long and sixty high, not including air shafts and ventilators, which reach much higher. The system of belting, shafting and piping is a spectacle to strike the visitor with wonder. In addition to the factory proper there is a complete carpenter and machine shop and a filing or grinding room, employ- ing several hands constantly. The machinery is run by two, or twin, engines of eighty horse-power singly, which, when worked double as twins with con- denser, afford fully 200 horse-power. The bank of boilers is large in propor tion, and set in fire proof iron buildings some distance from the factory proper. So complete is this structure, that when on fire in the summer of 1889, the woodwork was almost completely burned out, yet the factory was not closed for a day; indeed, almost the only damage done was by the enthusiastic fire- men of the borough fire company, who burst the windows and grates in the furnace by too much water thrown on them.

The wood, which is the slabs from the hemlock mill, is taken from the mill to the factory by tram cars on a trestle work tram railway, in four-feet lengths, as slashed at the mill, and is immediately put through the gang bolters and slitters just as it comes from the mill saws; any over-plus of wood being piled in the yard, of which there are usually about 5,000 cords on hand all the time. The wood, after being split and slashed or ent off in blocks three inches long and one and one-half inches in size, is taken by a system of carriers on endless chains into the immense kilns, where it is seasoned as dry as bone by steam. The system of drying is novel and peculiar to Blaisdell Bros. Some six miles of steam pipe ranges through the kilns in such a manner that the dry wood is always at the bottom, while a constant stream of green wood is pouring in at the top. The kiln chamber is a good place to take a sweat bath in. An aver- age of eighty cords of wood is run into and taken out of the kiln each day. A bundle of wood is oval or egg shape in its circumference, being eleven inches long, eight inches wide and three inches thick. Each bundle with card of

AG Syman.

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HISTORY OF POTTER COUNTY.

factory attached in the band, is bound with a tarred hemp twine. There are 100 bundling presses in the factory, which are mostly handled by boys and girls in about equal number, from fifteen to twenty years of age. These pres- ses are worked automatically by steam screw presses, with a pressure on each bundle before tying of 40,000 pounds. The pressure and release is made by a simple touch of the foot of the bundler. The gearing of the presses are made to turn one-half inward and one-half outward; the side with the outward turn being for the girls so their skirts cannot be caught in the machinery. These children soon become remarkably expert, binding 700 or 800 bundles a day each, while some very expert and nimble ones bind twice as many. They re- ceive 20 cents per hundred bundles, which it will be seen gives them excellent wages. If they are reasonably diligent their work can be done in less than full time, when they can bind more or take their outing. A months' binding. if laid in a solid line would reach nearly 200 miles, requiring 600 miles of twine to bind them or 7,000 miles in a year's work. The band twine for a day's work in this factory costs an average of $60, and it is not uncommon for this company to purchase sixty tons of twine at a time, and as much as $25,000 worth is sometimes purchased in a single bill. It requires on an average 100 railroad cars a month, loaded with 10,000 bundles each, to carry the product of this factory to market. It is nearly all consigned to the company's honses in New York and Brooklyn, and from these distributed to various cities of the east. The wholesale price in market is $1. 20 per hundred, which is about one cent per bundle after paying for binding. It requires 170 hands to run the works, about eighty being engaged in other parts than the bundling rooms. In addi- tion to the machinery already alluded to, there are always seventy-five circular saws in motion, namely: three gangs of eighteen saws each, and four gang bolters of five saws each, which require some 225 circular saws to be constantly on hand, either in motion or in the filing room. The monthly pay of the hands exceeds $4,000 per month, which is always cash, the proprietors being much averse to any "store trade" in their business. The genial and accommoda- ting gentlemen engaged in this business here and several other places are W. F., M. L., F. L., J. W. and P. C. Blaisdell,

The chemical works, under the supervision of R. J. Gaffney, were erected in 1888. At these works are manufactured wood alcohol, acetate of lime and charcoal, made from hardwood such as, beech, maple, birch, etc., consuming in these works ten cords of four-foot wood each day, or about 2,500 cords a year. Each day's work produces seventy-five gallons of wood alcohol, 2,000 pounds of acetate of lime, and 300 bushels of charcoal. The alcohol is used in the manufacture of shellac and varnishes, and is also used for heating lamps and illuminating. The acetate of lime is used in the process of making white lead and calico printing and dying; the charcoal for fuel, especially by tinners and braziers. The enterprise gives employment to fifteen men about the works besides wood cutters and handlers, and affords quite a large amount of business in transportation by the railroad. The pay roll amounts to $700 per month.

The Sinnemahoning Valley Railroad .- The great body of timber lands in Keating, Portage, Homer, Sylvania and Summit townships, not already pur- chased by settlers or the Costello Company, were practically untouched and were mostly held by the Keating estate, up to 1884. Some time in 1884, some Smethport gentlemen, one of whom had long been the agent of the Keating estate, bought the entire body of lands. They found it expedient with some reservations, to sell them, and in December, 1884, Hamlin, Hamlin & Forrest, sold to F. H. Goodyear between 14,000 and 15,000 acres, being the

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Author: Leeson, M. A. (Michael A.) comp. cn; J.H. Beers & Co., pub Publication date: 1890 Publisher: Chicago, J. H. Beers & Co. Number of Pages: 1320

Author: Leeson, M. A. (Michael A.) comp. cn; J.H. Beers & Co., pub
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Chicago, J. H. Beers & Co.
Number of Pages: 1320