USA > Pennsylvania > McKean County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 108
USA > Pennsylvania > Potter County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 108
USA > Pennsylvania > Elk County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 108
USA > Pennsylvania > Cameron County > History of the counties of McKean, Elk, Cameron and Potter, Pennsylvania, with biographical selections; including their early settlement and development; a description of the historic and interesting localities; sketches of their cities, towns and villages biographies of representative citizens; outline history of Pennsylvania; statistics > Part 108
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Company G, of the Eighty-fourth Regiment was recruited in Cameron and Cumberland counties, and mustered in in October, 1861, with Merrick Hous- ler, captain, who resigned in May, 1862. James W. Ingram took his place and resigned in September, 1862. R. C. Lamberton was promoted from second lieutenant October 4, 1864, but was transferred to the Fifty-seventh Regiment. Capt. Erastus E. Platt was transferred to the V. R. C., August 15, 1863, and John P. Brindle promoted from first lieutenant that day and resigned July 6, 1864. First Lieut. D. W. Taggart died at home, October 16, 1862; J. Russell Wingate died June 18, 1864, of wounds received at Petersburg. Francis Duffy promoted second lieutenant in May, 1862, resigned in October; W. H. H. Hursh, second lieutenant transferred to the Fifty-seventh in 1865; Sergt. James Thayer died at Cumberland, Md., February 22, 1862; Judson Beers is not accounted for, but died here in 1887; J. Hutchison is alleged to have de- serted December 31, 1861; Thomas Carr is not accounted for, and Franklin Hausler wounded at Winchester, Va., March 23, 1862, was discharged on that account. Sergts. Frank J. Moore (dead), Horace Stiles and W. C. Wolf are not accounted for. Sergts. William Pickering and Corp. Jacob Burr were mustered out December 6, 1864; Penrose Chadwick, wounded at Winchester, March 23, 1862, is not accounted for, also John Adams, Amos A. Foster, Eli- sha Housler, William Hamilton, Leroy E. Leggitt and Alex M. Smith, all corporals, although subsequent records show regular discharge. Corp. John R. Wilson was captured at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863, was transferred to the Fifty-seventh in 1865. Musician Jacob Storm deserted March 11, 1862, and John Dunn, Sr., is not accounted for.
Among the private troops of this command were the following named, captured at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863: * Charles Burkholder, *S. D. Brown- well, Peter Darr (dead), *Jeremiah Gardner, Elias Goodman, Benjamin Getz (dead), Matthias Kern, *Joseph Krall, Joe J. Konklin, H. B. Robinson, John Ritsan (dead), *David Scheaffer, *Adam Scheaffer, Chris Smith, *Joseph Swords, *John G. Stern, Franklin Stoner, *Thomas Snoddy, John Shugas. *Daniel Shindel and Henry A. Walters.
. The names marked thus * returned to the command and were transferred to the Fifty-seventh Rezi- ment, and Leonard Taggart to First Pennsylvania Cavalry.
855
HISTORY OF CAMERON COUNTY.
Austin Bliss, wounded at Spottsylvania, in May, 1864, was discharged; Samuel Drew was missed at Port Republic, June 9, 1862; Allen Freeman died at Camp Kelley, February 10, 1862; Samuel T. Konklin and Reuben Lane were killed at Chancellorsville; Joseph McClaran was killed at Winchester, March 23, 1862: Albert Walthers was wounded and captured at Port Republic, and Abram White died in August, 1862.
George Anderson, Harrison Barr, Smith Beers, P. S. Culver, Nelson Cutler, William Craven, Martin Carrigan, William Cassidy, Horace M. Duel. D. Daughenbaugh, Ed. Fletcher, George Fair, A. A. Foster, Isaac Holley, Theo. Haney, William Jones, Michael Kernan, Thomas Letts, Rufus Lucore, Will- iam J. Lucore, John Moore, John Mahood, Herman E. Morgan, Michael Monaghan, Henry Mix, Robert Miller, John McClanahan, John McKee, F. Nickerbocker, Chester Nerrigan, James Nolan, James L. Pepper. Dwight Roberts, Charles Sponsler, Henry Strickland, James J. Shaffer, Henry Stitler, D. P. Smith. Isaac Smith, John Stimer, John Sullivan, Samuel Sponogle, Amos J. Virgison, Silas Wheaton (died a few years ago), and Waldo White- head (since dead), were not accounted for at date of muster out.
Among others transferred to the 57th, January 13, 1865, were Thomas Daley, George Detmore, Josiah Daron, Levi Eicholtz, James L. Fisk, Epraim Horner, G. J. Kunkle and Jacob Wilson. Edmund Robinson was discharged December 5, 1864, and Robert Johnston was transferred to Company E. The alleged deserters are named as follows: William Lyons and Val. Stonebraker, in 1861.
ONE HUNDRED AND NINETIETH REGIMENT, P. V. I.
This regiment was raised immediately after the affair of Bethesda Church, May 30, 1864, when the recruits and members, willing to re enlist, of the 1st, 7th and 9th Regiments, and two companies of the 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th Regiments of the Pennsylvania Reserves, were organized under this title with Maj. W. R. Hartshorn, of the 13th, colonel; Capt. Joseph B. Pattee, of the 10th, lieut. col., and Capt. John A. Wolfe, of the 13th, major. The new command participated in the engagements at Cold Harbor, and on June 13 was present at Charles City with the 191st. At Petersburg Lieut. Christnot was killed. and Lieuts. Greenfield and Bletts mortally wounded. Near Yellow House Lieut. Stock was killed July 19, and Hartshorn's brigade captured, except a few on detached duty. who subsequently represented the 190th, under Lieut. Col. Pattee, the main force being guests of the Confederacy, until Lee's surrender.
ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-FIRST REGIMENT, P. V. I.
The history of the 191st Regiment is almost identical with that of the 190th, both regiments meeting at Washington for muster out, June 28, 1865. Moses W. Lncore served in this command with other comrades from this county. His confinements in several Confederate prisons destroyed his health and caused his death.
ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-NINTH REGIMENT, P. V. I.
Company K of this regiment claimed the following Cameron county men: H. E. Coleman, H. E. Chamberlin, Ira Fuller, G. W. Gore, Samuel D. Jordan, Michael Nugent and Royal Smith.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Charles Evans, a soldier, was killed at Keating Summit mill; Jesse Hart, Company H, 46th Pennsylvania Infantry, died on the Sinnemahoning in 1871:
856
HISTORY OF CAMERON COUNTY.
Virgil Holbrook, Company H, 158th, died during the war; and Don Jones, of Company F, 58th, also died; Elmer and Ira Lewis, of the gunboat "Victor," No. 33, died on the Mississippi; William Lewis, Company I, 76th, is dead; Clarence Lindsley, Company I, 148th New York, was murdered by Preston Gowers iu 1883, the murderer killing Mrs. Gower and himself immediately thereafter; Thomas and James B. Logue, Company F, 211th, were killed at the wilderness; DeLoss Mumford, Company D, 53d Pennsylvania Infantry, was killed in action; Martin McMahon is buried at Driftwood; David and Josiah Miller died after the war; Osman Ostrander, Company D, 53d Penn- sylvania Infantry, was accidently killed some years ago; in Company F, of the 58th Pennsylvania Infantry, were James Peasley, George Peasley, Philander Peasley and Hiram Peasley who died in the service; C. C. Peasley, of Company H, 141st Regiment, died in 1880; Parker, Company I, 131st, died in 1882, and was buried at Sterling; James R. Ritchey, Company F, 211th, was killed at the wilderness; John H. Smith, of Company F, 148th, died during the war; George Trump, of the 137th, died at Driftwood after the war; Charles Wykoff, of Company H, 46th, is dead; Matthew Phoenix, of the 86th New York In- fantry, was wounded at Locust Grove, Va. Harry Dutcher, Battery A, 4th United States Artillery, died at Driftwood about 1882.
The status of the Cameron county men in the war was truly rated by Representative J. C. Johnson, in his reply to Kreps, of Franklin county, dur- ing the debate on the bill authorizing suits against the commonwealth in 1889. Addressing the speaker, Mr. Johnson said: "I cannot let my youthful friend from Franklin attack my county without replying to him. He makes no reply to my argument whatever, but says my county was a young county when the border raids occurred. That is true. But young as she was, she sent volun- teers to help defend the gentleman's border county. I had myself the honor and the pleasure to come from the northern boundary of the State to this south- ern boundary with the men of that part. and aid in protecting the widows and their infants and their homes; and the men of that county he so weakly attacks stood with me on the field of Gettysburg, and went thence to rebel prisons because of that defense, while the gentleman himself was an infant, or, to use his own words, 'a puny, weakly baby,' about the door-sill of his father's store."
857
HISTORY OF CAMERON COUNTY.
CHAPTER VII. JOURNALISM-EDUCATION-PHYSICIANS-COUNTY ASSOCIATIONS-RAILROADS.
JOURNALISM-THE CITIZEN-THE PRESS-THE INDEPENDENT-THE HERALD -- THE GAZETTE (STERLING AND DRIFTWOOD)-LITERATURE.
EDUCATION -EARLY SCHOOLS-TEACHIERS AND COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS- REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT PEARSALL YEAR ENDING JUNE 4, 1888-THE TEACHERS' INSTITUTE.
PHYSICIANS-DR. KINCAID AND OTHERS-THE CAMERON COUNTY MEDICAL SO- CIETY.
COUNTY ASSOCIATIONS-AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES-CENTENNIAL ASSOCIATION -SEMI-RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES.
RAILROADS-ROAD TO SALT SPRING RUN-THE P. & E. R. R .- THIE B., N. Y. & P. R. R .- MISCELLANEOUS.
JOURNALISM.
On July 14, 1860, the Citizen ceased publication at Smethport, the issue being the forty-third number of the sixth volume. Capt. Rogers, in his sketch of the removal of the office to Emporium, addressed to Mr. Gould in 1888, says: "For reasons which I cannot now recall, the publication of the Citizen was not resumed in Shippen until December 28 following. It was probably owing to my being engaged in the oil business on Oil creek and at Tidioute that season. On the day mentioned the first number of the Cameron Citizen made its appearance, and in the salutatory occurs the following pas- sage: 'We have finally made the commencement which we promised you should be made in July or August last. In explanation of our course in not issuing a paper in this county at the time we originally intended, we have only to say that circumstances of a business nature, which we consider of far more importance than publishing a country newspaper, demanded our personal at- tention.' In the first paper (December 28, 1860), is announced the ‘gratifying fact that the court-house will be ready for occupancy one week from next Mon- day,' when the first court in the county was to be held. The first work on the court-house was not commenced until after September 1. In the same paper appears the ordinance of secession passed by the South Carolina convention on December 20. In the issue of the Citizen of April 19 appears the start- ling news of the surrender of Fort Sumter. The Kane Rifles, or 'Bucktails,' left Shippen for Harrisburg on the 28th. On the 30th the legislature con- vened in extraordinary session in response to the call of Gov. Curtin. Re- cruiting officers were frequently seen, their business being to gather into the ranks of the nation's defenders the ' bone and sinew' of the land. It was one of these, I think the late J. K. Haffey, a former resident of Bradford, who took from the Citizen office Thomas Malone, a young man who had learned his trade in my office, who had resided in my family for years, and who was as near to me as a brother. Malone left some time in July. Early in August S. D. Barrows, of Lock Haven, came to Shippen for cavalrymen recruits, and one of the first men to enlist with him was my brother, William R. Rogers, who, up to that time was a partner in the business. Very soon after my brother left
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HISTORY OF CAMERON COUNTY.
I received an appointment from Col. Carlton B. Curtis, of Erie, to raise a company, he having been commissioned by Gov. Curtin to raise a regiment of volunteers in the northwestern counties. I commenced recruiting in the latter part of August, and I think the last Citizen was published in the first or sec- oud week of September. Some time after I was mustered into the service the printing office was sold to a committee of the citizens of the town, and I be- lieve what remained of it subsequently passed into your hands."
There was no effort made to revive the paper until the summer of 1865, when two young men, Stacy and Young, came from Ohio and started the Citi- zen again, but continued its publication only a few weeks, and left suddenly, leaving many unpaid bills behind them. The paper could have been made a success with the proper labor and enterprise, but the young men lacked exper- ience, and, it is said, greatly neglected their business.
The Press .- The story of the establishment of this excellent journal was told by the owner, C. B. Gould, in 1888: " In 1866, an association of gentlemen, residents of the county, purchased the printing material of the defunct Citi- zen, with a view of establishing a Republican paper, and sent to us, then in Binghamton, N. Y., to come and publish it. We arrived here the last day of February, 1866, and a more desolate looking place, or one more uninviting to embark in the enterprise of establishing a newspaper, could rarely be found. The only view that met our eye, on stepping from the cars, was the towering mountains, woods and stumps, with a few scattering houses, including the Biddle House. then kept by J. L Cook. Our first impulse was to take the return train, then due, for New York State, and not show ourself to the com- mittee that we felt had imposed upon us, but just then Frank McCollum, who had preceded us here, and was engaged to work in the printing office, put in an appearance and informed us that James G. Clark (an old acquaintance from Utica) was to give a concert in the court-house that evening. and desired to see us. After supper at the Biddle House, we were piloted to the court house, meandering between stumps (sidewalks were a luxury unknown), and through mud we imagined to be about three feet deep, and at last arrived at the temple of justice, a thoroughly disgusted individual. To our surprise we found a large audience of intelligent, fashionably dressed men and women, and a better class of people we never met. But where did they come from? was a query we could not answer. There were but a few dilapidated dwelling houses to be seen, but woods and stumps, and stumps and woods everywhere. Did these people live in hollow trees or behind stumps? Where else could they live? We did not then know that the woods were full of the best kind of people, en- gaged in Inmbering-living in their own lumber camps-a wealthy, prosper- ous class, and many of them educated and refined. After the concert, we were taken through the audience and introduced to the people, very much as a new minister would be exhibited to his flock. We then made the acquaintance of many who have been our most valued friends these many years. Some of them still reside here, a few have made their residence in other places, and many have ceased from their labors and gone to their eternal rest. The next morning after our arrival in Emporium, we went to the printing office, then in the old Gibson House, at the lower end of the borough, and found a sorry looking concern. There was a hand-press, some newspaper type, and very little material for job work. The forms of the Citizen had been left without washing, and having been in that condition for nearly a year, printers can readily understand the labor required to clean the type and get it ready for use. The office was in a terrible condition, and almost a complete mass of ' pi.' However, we went to work, and in about ten days put the office in good
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HISTORY OF CAMERON COUNTY.
shape, and issued the first number of the Press. The paper was a six-column folio (just half the present size), set in long primer, but a creditable looking sheet, and the enterprise proved a financial success from the start. It was then the only paper published on the line of the P. & E. Railroad, between Lock Haven and Warren, and our business increased so rapidly that we were compelled, in a few weeks, to put in the establishment a Gordon job press, and add largely to our jobbing facilities. The business steadily increased, and the Press had been enlarged to an eight-column paper; the establishment was com- plete in every department, when, in November, 1877, it was completely de- stroyed by fire, without a dollar of insurance; the hard earnings of eleven years went up in flame and smoke, and we were compelled to start at the bot- tom round again; and now, after eleven years more of toil, and many discour- agements, we have a better office, one of the most complete newspaper and job establishments in Northern Pennsylvania; a large and rapidly growing busi- ness, and brighter prospects for the future." H. H. Mullen is the indefati- gable assistant editor, and to him particularly the readers of the Press are in- debted for the extent and interesting character of the local pages.
The Independent .- In 1866 the Emporium Independent was established by S. S. Hacket. This enterprise has continued to the present time, and The Independent is classed among the largest country papers in the State. While Mr. Hacket devotes the greater part of his attention to his lumber and other interests, he controls the policy of this journal; Jonathan Gifford, however, is the de jacto editor.
The Herald .- In 1869 J. B. Newton, commenced the publication of the Cameron Herald. This was ably conducted till 1873, when, at the burning of the " Cook Block" on July 8, the press and all the material were burned, and the career of the paper terminated. John B. Newton, said to have been born at Franklinville, N. Y., January 4, 1839, studied law under Judge Spring, after graduating from the Tenbrook Academy. He was admitted to the bar at Buf- falo, N. Y., May 7, 1862, and same year came to Emporium, where, in Octo- ber. 1862, he was admitted to the bar of Cameron, as related in the transac- tions of the district court. After the war he married Miss Emily J. Mercereau, of this county, who still resides here. Mr. Newton died December 8, 1887, after a quarter of a century of services to the county. The Press, noticing his death, says: "The deceased was, perhaps, more closely identified with the prosperity of Emporium than any other city."
The Sterling Gazette was issued at Sterling in March, 1877, by H. D. Earl & Co. This was a very small journal, indeed, until it was enlarged in March, 1579, and converted into a newspaper. In 1880 the office was moved to Driftwood.
The Driftwood Gazette was issued June 16, 1880, by H. D. Earl & Co., who continued until December 8, 1885, when J. T. Earl & Co. issued their salutatory as publishers. Daily editions were issued during meetings of the institute in 1887-SS.
John Brooks, the first historian of the county, as well as Dr. Lanning and J. B. Newton, who contributed valuable historial sketches in Centennial year. deserve a first place in the history of letters in this section of the State. Mrs. E. Mercereau Newton, widow of J. B. Newton, is the authoress of " Boscobel " and other stories.
EDUCATION.
The first school taught on the Sinnemahoning river was taught in 1818 by one William Boyd. a native of Chester county, Penn., who was a gradu-
. F. J. Chadwick writes with regard to the schools of Cameron county that the school that Will-
860
HISTORY OF CAMERON COUNTY.
· ate of one of the Philadelphia colleges. This school was held in a round log house, built by one Peter Walters, for a dwelling, and stood on the Devling farm, near a spring, and near where the Lumber school-house No 1 now stands. About the year 1820 the first school-house within the county limit was built. This house was erected on the Mason farm, near the Pine Street Church; it was built of round logs, was chinked and daubed with mud mortar made from the clay soil. The roof consisted of rongh clapboards, put on with- out nails, and kept in place by round logs called "weight poles." The school- house in question, thus built of round logs, chinked and daubed with mud- mortar made from the clay soil on which it stood, with rough clapboard roof, held on by weight poles, instead of nails, was built in the year 1820, on the Mason farm near the cemetery. The gables were cabined off with round logs. the door made of rough pine boards fastened upon long wooden hinges, and with wooden latches, the buckskin latch strings pendent on the outside. The windows were made of rough sash, with oiled paper substituted for glass. The floor was of rough boards laid loose upon hewn sleepers. The house was heated from an immense corner chimney, constructed with rough stones and mud. with a wooden mantel over the wide fire-place, in front of which was an ex- tended hearth of flag-stones. Occasionally, the huge pile of logs in the fire- place, in full combustion, would set on fire the wooden mantel, and then boys and girls, eager for the fray, at the command of the master, would bring snow from the yard, or water from the spring, to play upon the ignited mantel, until the fire was extinguished. The house was seated with rows of long benches made of slabs or plank, in which holes were bored and round sticks fitted in them, for legs, and were without backs. The desks were boards or plank, placed at proper angles along the walls, and maintained in positions by pins driven into the walls. The pupils who were being taught to write and cypher occupied these desks. The wood in the fire-place was ignited by light-wood shavings set on fire by "punk," which was ignited by sparks obtained by striking a steel upon a flint. There were no lucifer matches in those days. though it was thought some of the natives were a match for Lucifer himself.
The first teacher employed in this school-house was one Dennis Lynch, a native of Ireland. He taught in 1821 and 1822. Succeeding him were Elihu Chadwick, Jr., of New Jersey, and who now is a resident of the city of Cleve- land, Ohio, and a worthy and excellent man; afterward William Boyd, already referred to, and Dr. Joseph T. Hunt, of Lycoming county, Penn., and others, among whom some were exceedingly illiterate, and were discharged for in- competency after a short trial. The schools were all subscription schools prior to 1838, when the common-school system was introduced. The next school- house was built in 1819, on ground now occupied by the Tannery school. a very short distance above Emporium on the road to Rich Valley. This was first taught by John Chadwick, the father of Richard Chadwick, the first county superintendent of the county of Cameron after its organization. It is con- tended, indeed, by some, that the latter school-house was really the first in the county. English grammar was not taught in the schools until about 1836. About the years 1834-35 the science of land surveying was taught by a teacher named Baker, in a hewed-log school house which was erected near the mouth of the first forks of the Sinnemahoning. This school-house and
iam Boyd taught in 1818 was not the first school taught on the Sinnemahoning. And the school-house, " built on the Mason farm in 1820," was not the first school-house "built within the county limit." Miss Eliza Dodge, who was educated at the Williamsport Academy, taught a summer term in a new framed barn, at the month of North creek, in 1817. The barn is still standing, and is at present occupied by Mr. George Dodge, who is, however, no relative of Miss Eliza. There was a log honse built in 1819, where the new school-house now stands, just above Emporium, and John Chadwick taught a winter term in it. in 1819-20; Miss Jedidah Freeman taught a summer term in 1820; Mr. Leonard Townsend taught a winter term in 1820-21.
GwWarner
863
HISTORY OF CAMERON COUNTY.
the Pine Street Church, also built of hewn logs, were erected abont 1826. The first high-grade schools in the county were established at Sinnema- honing, in 1864-65. These schools were founded by John Brooks, who em- ployed principals and teachers and among these mentioned are Miss Henrietta Baker (a graduate of Oxford College, Penn. ), Prof. J. H. Vosburg and Mrs. J. H. Vosburg, of Binghamton, N. Y., Miss Alice M. Lindsley (preceptress of the Waverly Institute, N. Y.), Miss E. Baldwin, of London, Rev. A. B. Miller, of Gettysburg College, Penn., and Profs. A. B. Clough, of Poughkeepsie. N. Y., and B. W. Hollen, of Iron City College, Penn. The last two named were principals of the commercial department. These schools were suspended in 1873, on account of financial embarrassment. The first county superintend- ent of common schools in the county of Cameron was Richard Chadwick, who was elected to office in 1861 for two years. The second was Francis J. Chad- wick, elected in 1863 for a term of three years. The third was J. B. Johnson, who was elected in 1866 and re-elected in 1869, and again in 1872, holding it altogether for three consecutive, or during nine, years. The next was N. H. Schenck, who was elected in 1875. Prof. Pearsall is now superintendent of schools.
In November, 1866, Mrs. J. B. Johnson opened a select school in Felt's block. The district school was then presided over by Miss Anna Hendry and Miss Williamson.
The report of Supt. Pearsall for year ending June 4, 1888, gives the fol- lowing statistics: School-houses, 34; school rooms, 44; schools, 43; graded schools, 14; number of districts supplying text-books free, 1; number in which Bible is read, 36; number of male teachers, 6; of female, 48, of whom 8 held professional certificates; male pupils, 711, female pupils, 716 -total 1,427, of whom 1, 114 attended school; school tax, $11,987.50; State moneys, $1,429.61. of which the sum of $8,930.39 was paid teachers, the total expenditure being $12.446.59.
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