History of York County, Pennsylvania : from the earliest period to the present time, divided into general, special, township and borough histories, with a biographical department appended, Part 101

Author: Gibson, John, Editor
Publication date: 1886
Publisher: F.A. Battey Publishing Co., Chicago
Number of Pages: 1104

USA > Pennsylvania > York County > History of York County, Pennsylvania : from the earliest period to the present time, divided into general, special, township and borough histories, with a biographical department appended > Part 101

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).

On June 28, 1863, York was invaded and occupied for about two days by a real enemy but not a foreign foe. Nearly 20,000 of our fellow countrymen, valiant sol- diers too as they were Americans, were our uninvited guests, and trod our streets with more authority than any of our citizens. Tens of thousands of brave boys went through York on their way "to the front" during the four long years of that direful war, and our public common was used for a government hospital. The blessings of peace have changed all these conditions, and now North and South are joined together for the common good of the whole country, and England, proud of her great offspring, recog- nizes the United States, in many respects the greatest nation on the face of the globe.

514

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.

THE FOUNDING OF YORK.

There were at least 2,000 inhabitants in the present area of York County be- fore it was contemplated to build a town. The proprietaries of Pennsylvania granted permits to settle west of the Susquehanna eleven years before the founding of York, and a number of Germans had purchased lands in the immediate vicinity of the site of York, as early as 1734. Among these was Martin Fry, who owned the land now embraced in the northeast part of the town, having located there in 1734 and obtained a patent for 250 acres on October 30, 1736, from Thomas Penn. He died there in 1739, leaving a wife and three children, viz. : Tobias, Martin and a daughter. The widow married Isaac Rondebush who, on December 19, 1741, transferred his and his wife's rights to Mich- ael Schrwack, who in 1743 assigned his title to Bartholomew Maul. Some time after Mar- tin Fry's death, and during the orphanage of these children, 137 acres of this land were surveyed by the proprietary's commissioner, contrary to the intent of the warrant, for the proprietary's private use and benefit, and he sold a part of the same on grant to the inhabi- tants of York. Bartholomew Maul, in 1747, had Thomas Cookson survey this disputed tract. Maul by his will, dated April 4, 1755, bequeathed to his wife and children all his real and personal estate. These various trans- fers brought about conflicting claims to this land; when Tobias and Martin Fry, the sons of the original grantee, became of legal age, they asserted their rights. John Hay, who married Julia, daughter of Bartholomew Maul, in 1762, for £260 purchased a part of the original tract. Suits and counter-suits were brought by various claimants. The Hon. James Smith and George Stevenson were interested in these suits. John Hay became the owner of the lands northeast of the town, and some concessions were made by persons who owned lots of this land which they had purchased of the proprietary.

Most of the original plat of the town of York was land owned by the Penns, having never been deeded to any one. John, Thomas and Richard Penn, sons of William Penn, and then proprietaries, in October, 1741, directed Thomas Cookson the deputy surveyor of Lan- caster County, which then embraced York County, "to survey and lay off in lots a tract of land on the Codorus where the Monocacy Road crosses the stream." Monocacy Road was laid out and opened in 1739, named after a stream near which it terminated, and · extended from Wrightsville through York and Hanover to the Maryland line. In 1741

a road was laid out from York toward Potap- sco, now Baltimore.

The site for the town of York, as selected by Mr. Cookson, was on both sides of the Codo- rus. He, in 1741, laid out that part of the original plat east of the stream into squares, by order of the Penns, after the manner of Philadelphia as follows:

The square to be 480 feet wide, 520 feet long; the lots 230x65 feet; alleys 20 feet wide; two streets 80 feet wide to cross each other, and 65 feet square to be cut off the corner of each lot to make a square for any public building or market of 110 feet each side; the lots to be let at 7 shillings sterling; the square to be laid out the length of two squares to the eastward of Codorus when any number such as twenty houses are built.

The margin of Cookson's draft contained the following:

The squares count in each 480 feet on every side which, in lots of 60 feet front and 240 deep, will make '16 lots, which multiplied by the uumber of squares, namely, 16, gives 256 lots in all, which, together with the streets 60 feet wide, will not take up above 102 acres of land."

When the town was thus laid out, appli- cants for lots were required to enter their names. The first applications were made in November, 1741, when twenty-three lots were "taken up". as follows:

John Bishop. Lot No. 57; Jacob Welsh, 58; Baltzer Spangler, 70; Michael Swope, 75; Christopher Croll, 85; Michael Laub, 86; George Swope, 87, 104, 124 and 140; Zachariah Shugart, 92; Nieholas Stuck, 101; Arnold Stuck, 102; Samuel Hoke, 105; Hermanus Bott, 106; George lloake, 107 and 117: Jacob Grebill, 108; Matthias Onvensant, 118; Martin Eichelberger, 120; Andrew Coaler, 121; Henry Hendricks, 122 and Joseph Hinsman 123. Each applicant was required "to build upon his lot at his own private cost one substantial dwelling-house of the dimensions of six- teen feet square at least, with a good chimney of brick and stone, to be laid in or built with lime and sand, within the space of one year of the time of his entry for the same."

The town of York did not, during the first few years of its history, grow as rapidly as some frontier 'towns now grow in the great West. Few of the lot owners could comply with the conditions, and some lots were for- feited.

The following letter from James Logan to Thomas Penn describes the town of York two years after it was founded:

STENTON, 30th, 8th, 1743. May it please your Honor:

As you were pleased to commit to me the care and regulation of ye gentlemen of the town of York on Codorus, I presume an account of my Progress of it will not be disagreeable. First then, after ye peo- ple had notice of a town to be laid out, They had a General meeting and entered their Names with me for 70 lots & for promoting immediate Buildings. then the principal persons concerned in applying for ye Town had their first choice of ye Lots, and after them such as first applied with an intent to build immediately. The people were satisfied with this, and we have eleven houses already Built in it, and several others on foot. I annexed conditions on

PASman

515

BOROUGH OF YORK.

entering their names, that unless they Built in one year, their claim should be void.

Water has been got at about 16 feet, pretty near ye highest part of town which gives great encourage- ment to those settled from the creek. The houses built are from ye Creek towards ye Centre & several Lots are taken up eastward of ye Centre. The peo- ple are very intent on ye thing and have opened a road to Potapsco (Baltimore). Some trading Gen- tlemen there are desirous of opening a trade to York and ye country adjacent. The inhabitants seem willing to close with them and ye shortness of ye cut not being above 45 miles; from Philadelphia they are about 90 miles, beside ye Ferriage over ye Susquehanna. The 2 religious societies of which the town and country adjacent consist, viz .: ye Lu- therans and ye Calvinists (Reformed), have each ap- plied for a Lot for a House of worship which in your name I have promised them, and they are going to build immediately. The prospect of its being a County Town some time or other pleases most of ye people, though some pains are taken to frustrate any such Expectations. I have taken a skillful per- son with me and viewed the Creek well for a con- veniency for a Saw Mill, but can not find a place any way convenient. There is a fine Run on ye tract adjoining this in ye possession of Bernard Lauman, by virtue of a grant or license by your di- rection under Samuel Blunston, on which a mill might at an easy expense be erected, and very com- modious to ye town. * * * Iintend to survey a tract of 600 acres on Great Conewago for ye Pro- prietaries next week. I am informed of another tract of 800 acres of good land high up ye same Creek which I shall also run out. The lands on Bermuddean creek are chiefly settled. The people settled on my district west of ye Susquehanna are hastening to procure warrants for their lands.

I will beg leave to offer iny Duty & service to your Brothers & to assure you that nothing in my power relating to my office shall be wanting. I shall always entertain a grateful sense of your favors to me. I am Humble Sir Your Most Obedient

JAMES LOGAN .*

At the time of the first settlement of York, some persons took possession of lots without having secured a legal title, and built houses thereon. They were reported to the provin- cial authorities, who required them to com- ply with the law. Among those who built "without license" were Jacob Billmeyer, on Lot No. 55; Jacob Fakler, on Lot No. 60; Avit Shall, on Lot No. 74. They were required to deliver up possession on April 10, 1751, to Nicholas Scull, Esq., agent for the propri- etaries. There were other local troubles which gave rise to considerable contention among the first residents.

It was claimed by some that Thomas Cook- son, who made the first survey of 256 lots

east of the Codorus, did not return his draft to the land office. It is not now known to be in existence. In 1754 a survey of York was made by George Stevenson, who became deputy surveyor of York County when it was formed in 1749, and served for sixteen years as the prothonotary, clerk of the courts and register of the county. He married the widow of Thomas Cookson, deputy surveyor of Lancaster County, and thus became a large land-owner.

The following is the full text of his letters describing the town at the date named:

YORK, 26th October, 1754.

Dear Sir :- I now answer yr repeated letters about York Town, which I should have done long since, if my otber business had not frequently inter- rupted me, whilst I was making the Draught of the Town. The Tract of Land, whereon the Town stands, contains 437} acres, or near 412 acres & Allowance. On the 1st of October, 1749 (the Time I came to York), the Town consisted of sixty-three dwelling- houses, of wood, which were not finished, and also a Lutheran & a Calvinist Church. As the town was then chiefly inhabited with Germans (as, indeed, it now is), there was but oue Room, with a fire Place or Hearth in it, in the whole Town. All the Houses in Town were accommodated with Dutch Stoves. The Town now consists of 210 Dwelling-Houses, near thirty of which are unfinisbed, and only three are built of bricks, and two of Stones. Of the rest, some are of Logs and some Framed, beside the Court House, of Brick, not finished, and the Prison, of Stone. The Lots on the East side of the Creek were laid out by Mr. Cookson before I came here. The Inhabitants, choosing to buy lots on High (Market) Street and Water Street at a dear Rate, rather than to take up vacant Lots, because there is, as yet, very little Trade in the other streets, or even in High Street, to the Eastward of Duke Street.

From an actual Survey of the Ground on the West side of the Creek, I have drawn in the Plan 100 Lots, of the like Figure & Quantity of those on the East, which is all the ground, in my opinion, fit for Lots on that side of the Creek. The Land described on the Plan, between the crooked doted Line & the Creek is low, wet Ground in the driest season. Greatest part of it is quite a swamp in wet Weather, and at the breaking up of the Frost, and at other times when there are heavy Rains, the Creek overflows great part of it, especially that North of the Bridge. Part of the Road through itis a wooden causeway. For the foregoing natural Reasons, 'tis unfit to build on, but if it were clear'd, well ditch'd & drain'd, it would make good Meadow. The Land, North of the 100 Lots, is broken with a swampy valley, and if it were not so, the Country North of it, is hilly, stony Ground, not thick inbab- ited, but little Resort to Town from that Quarter, and consequently, little Trade; & therefore, I think Lots would not be taken up there, in this age, if they were laid out. The Triangle, south of the 100 Lots, is good, level Land, but as the southward in- habitants either come into Town on the East side of the Creek, or come to the great Road, some Dis- tance West of the Town, there is not like to be any trade there, at least in a short Time. And, indeed, to see but little probability of settling the Lots in Queen Street & south of Prince Street, on the East side of the Creek. The Inhabitants have neither Meadow nor Pasture, but buy all their Hay, and are obliged to stable their own Horses, as well as those of Travellers, all summer, which is doubtless

*James Logan, who wrote this letter from his county seal named "Stenton" near Philadelphia, was horn at Lurgan, Ire- land, October 20, 1674, of Scotch parentage. At the age of thirteen be read Latin, Greek and Hebrew. He afterward became a mathematician, and was well versed in the French, Spanish and Italian languages. William Penn invited him to come to Penn- sylvania as his private secretary, which position he filled until 1718, when Penn died. He afterward filled the office of secretary of the province, commissioner of property and chief justice. He possessed uncommon ability and was a great friend of the In- dians. He wrote two or three Latin works, and published an excellent English translation of Cicero's "De Senectute." He died at his home near Philadelphia, October 31, 1751.

516

HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.

a great Damage to the Town. They complain of this much, and say that Mr. Cookson, when he laid out the Town, promised them out-Lots for these nses. Upon the whole, I'm of opinion 'tis best to lay out all the ground. appears to be vacant (except the narrow Piece East of Queen Street), in Out- Lots, and grant them to the Inhabitants for Pasture & Meadow at the best Ground-Rent that can be got, leaving proper streets or Lanes.

The Timber of the Town Land was all destroyed before I came here; the Inhabitants, ever since, have bought all their timber for building & Fire- wood very dear, of the adjacent Farmers, which is very discouraging to poor settlers, and few Rich People settle here.

As I am certain the vacant ground within the Town Laud, according to my Plan, if it were granted for Out-Lots, is not sufficient to accommo- date the Inhabitants would it not be for the Interest of the Proprietaries (as well as for the good of the People) to purchase some of the adjacent Plauta- tions for that Purpose, especially that of Harmanns Bott, Quantity about 200 acres, and that of Barthol- omew Maul, about ninety acres, which surrounds the Northeast Corner of the Town Land, .& is so near the Lots. I'm inform'd they will sell as soon as they can, and I think cheaper now than they would have done two years ago. West of and contiguous to the town Laud, Harmanns Bott has laid out some Lots, which I have also described on my Plau: four Houses are already built there. I'm told he lets them at 7 per. Ster. p. Aunum, and therefore I think 'tis now Time to grant the Lots West of the Creek, & high Time to buy out Bott. I would have advised to have laid out the Lots on the West side of the Creek two years ago, but that I thought it best to defer it longer, expecting the People would have taken up the Lots South of Prince Street, but as I have now little Hopes of that, and find the People incline to settle on the Road, in the West side the Creek, Yea, West of the Limits of the Town, I con- clude 'tis expedient to grant that side soon.

Two Fairs in the Year, viz . one the 17th day of March, for selling & buying of Plough-Horses, Milch Cows, &c .; another the second Tuesday of November (to avoid the Courts), for selling Beef Cat- tle, Butter, Cheese Winter Milch Cows, Bacon, Hogs, Pork, & would be of great use both to Town & Country. Two Market Days in the Week, viz .: Wednesdays & Saturdays, for selling and buying daily Provisions, would prevent Impositions from Butchers, & Stop the Germans from their beloved Practice of buying & selling on Sundays, which I'm satisfied they continually do, tho' 'tis not easily de- tected.

A Clerk of the Market, commissioned by the Governor, would regulate Weights & Measures, & prevent daily abuses of this sort.

A Corporation & Burgesses is not neccessary. I need not offer one of the many Reasons which occur to me against it, because I do not know of one good Reason for it.

So much for York Town. There are several Plantations within seven miles of York, for which the Inhabitants have neither Grant nor Warrant. Some of them I have survey'd for the use of the Hon'ble the Proprietaries, to be holden by the Tenants on such Terms and Conditions as the pptaries shall be pleased hereafter to limit and ap- point. I design to survey the Rest as the People apply. They often ask me if I know the pptaries Terms. and 1 find they all expect to purchase at some Rate.

I think it imprudent to say anything to them about Terms till all are survey'd, which I think will be in about a Year.

There are several Improvements made within seven Miles of York Town.

I shall he glad to see your answer to my several late letters. Those of my Family who have been sick are recovering. My wife and Miss Hannah are well and join in Compliments to you.

1 am,

Dr. Sr Your most obedient Hble Servt, GEORGE STEVENSON.

The draft made by George Stevenson, in 1754, mentioned in the above letter, is now in the land office at Harrisburg. The streets marked on it are High (Market), King, Prince, Philadelphia, running east and west, and Queen Street, the eastern limit of town, Duke, George, Beaver and Water running north and south. Philadelphia Street was the northern limit, and Prince the southern limit of the town. Lots west of Codorus were not numbered. Lots number 1, 2, 3, 4, were the present site of Samuel Small's gar- den fronting on North Queen Street; Baltzer Spangler, the village innkeeper then owned that section of town around the Reservoir; Bartholomew Maul, the Lutheran parochial school-master, the land east of Queen Street, now known as the " Hill; " John Hay, his son- in-law, the land northeast of York; Bernhard Lowman and Henry Spangler, the land south of the town; Hermanus Bott, the land west and southwest, and John and James Wright, the land north and northwest of the town. The "swampy land unfit to build on," is now a very important part of the town west of Codorus.

In 1783, at the close of the Revolution, the county commissioners ordered a special assess- ment and census of the entire county to be taken. York then contained 293 houses, 866 male and 913 female inhabitants, or a popula- tion of 1,779 ; there were thirty-eight negro slaves, and twenty-three negroes under twelve years. Newberry Township, the same year contained the largest number of inhabi- tants of any district in the county, and but seventy less than York. The list of taxable inhabitants for 1783 is given below, together with the occupation, number of members in each family, and valuation. They are nearly all the names of the ancestors of people now living in York. The word "chair" means a pleasure carriage and " plate " means silver- ware. The valuation given is on a specie basis. The continental currency had become worthless in 1781.

The population for the first century in York was largely German, and that language predominated. Some Qnakers resided in the west end of town. There were quite a num- ber of English in 1783, as the following list will indicate :

517

BOROUGH OF YORK.

Valuation.

Jacob Erion, tailor, 4 persons. £ 80

George Etter, 2 persons, 50

Michael Edward, 3 persons 33

Samuel Fisher, blacksmith, 7 persons. 88

John Fissel, 2 persons. 30

John Friesner, tailor, 5 persons. 48

Widow Fry, 4 persons. . . 70

Benedict Funk, carter, 1 horse, 5 persons. 123 Jacob Frankelberger, weaver, 4 persons. 90

Conrad Frankelberger, weaver, 1 person.

William Fornshild, barber, 4 persons. 73

John Flender. cutler, 9 persons ... 203

Jacob Funk, joiner, £234, 10s.

Jacob Fackler, hosier, 3 persons ..

George Fry, innkeeper, plate, £3 10s. 1 horse, 7 persons, £321 10s.

George Fritzle, baker, 5 persons. 173

John Filby, cordwainer, 7 persons. 35

George Gees, mason, 5 persons. 38

Michael Gerber, silversmith, 1 horse, 6 persons 175

Jacob Gardner. tanner, plate £3, 2 " horses, 1 tanyard, 8 persons. . 699

Benjamin Gorgas, skindresser, 2 persons. 50

Aaron Goats, tinman, 1 horse, 5 persons. 23

George Gyer, 3 persons. 50

George Gump, 3 persons. 126

George Gutjahr, cordwainer, 6 persons. 123

Abraham Grafius, tinman, 3 persons. 370

Joseph Garretson, tallow chandler, 3 persons. 50

John Guckes, 2 persons. 40

George Gerber. 123

Phillip Gossler, joiner, 6 persons. 143

Martin Grafins, 3 persons. . 43

John Grafins, waggoner, 4 horses, 6 persons. 63

Phillip German, glazier, 5 persons 63

David Grier, Esq., lawyer, plate £12, 1 chair, 4 slaves, 2 horses, 4 persons .. . 832

Henry Greenwald, butcher, 1 horse, 6 persons .. 123

Isaac Gardman. Sr., innkeeper, 1 horse, 4 per- sons. . 298

Isaac Gardman, Jr., weaver, 7 persons. 123

John Goho, laborer, 5 persons .. 40

Widow Gardner, innkeeper, 2 persons. 153

Paul Gemberling. butcher, 5 persons. 80

William Gilbert, 2 persons. 40

John Heckendorn, 2 persons .. 143

Christian Heckendorn, weaver, 1 horse. 39

Jacob Holtzinger, 1 slave, 1 horse, 1 person 40

Ludwig Hietig, tailor, 1 horse, 10 persons. 195 Everett Harr, weaver, 1 chair, 5 persons .. . 118

Michael Hahn, storekeeper, plate, £9, 1 chair, 2

horses, merchandise, £450, 6 persons. ... 1035

Frederick Housman, innkeeper, 1 horse, 7 per-

sons . 231

Peter Hawk, doctor, 1 horse, 4 persons. . 81

Jolin Hay, storekeeper; 3 horses, merchandise £200, 8 persons. 926

Col. Thomas Hartly, lawyer, £28 plate, 1 chair, 1 servant 6 yrs., 6 persons. 711

Christian Herman, joiner, 8 persons. 163

Jacob Helman, bluedier, 3 persons. 103

Phillip Heckert, gunsmith, 3 persons. 80

George Heckert, saddler, 1 person, tax £1 10s. Widow Heckert, 2 persons. .. 103

John Hess, waggon-maker, 2 persons. 30

Jacob Heckert, waggon-maker, 1 person. 123

John Herman, nailer, 2 persons. 30 Henry Haffner, mason. 5 persons. 90

Andrew Johnston, innkeeper, 4 persons. 345

Christain Ilgenfritz, cordwainer, plate £15, 6 persons .. 153

James Jones, mason, 8 persons. 53

George Irwin, storekeeper, 1 chair, 4 slaves, 2

horses £450, 8 persons 1396

George Ilgenfritz, 1 horse, 7 persons.

210

William Ashby, laborer, 2 persons. £ 50 Phillip Albrecht, 10 persons. 403

Hugh Alexander, clerk, 1 horse, 1 person. 15

Nicolas Anthony, 2 persons, £134 10s.

Joseph Adlum, skin-dresser, 12 persons. 130

Thomas Armor, Sr., plate, £5, 1 person. 50

Thomas Armor, Jr., 3 persons.

260

Anthony Anecker, barber, 2 persons. 158

Charles Barnitz, Sr., brewer, 1 horse, 1 brew. house, 9 persons. 998

Charles Barnitz, Jr., 1 horse, 1 person, tax, £1 14s. 6d.

Joshua Bennit, card-maker, 5 persons. 48 John Brown, laborer, 4 persons. 35 John Fisher, clock-maker, plate, £1 10s., 1 horse, 6 persons, £209 10s. 63

Frederick Bringman, cordwainer, 3 persons.

"Stone Cutter" Beck, 2 persons. . .

William Baily, brazier, plate, £20, 7 slaves, 4 horses, 9 persons. 1016

Enoch Bennit, carpenter, 8 persons. 80

Nicholas Brand, barber, 1 horse, 2 persons. 195

Henry Bentz, butcher, 1 horse, 4 persons. 235

Peter Bilo, carpenter, 3 persons. 40 John Bar, joiner, 4 persons. 113

Ludwig Beltzhuber, locksmith, 3 persons. 40

John Brooks, joiner, plate, £10, 1 horse, 6 per- sons. 200

George Beck, laborer, 6 persons 58

Lorentz Boley, laborer, 2 persons 13

Abraham Blymyer, tailor, 6 persons. 93

Peter Berger, tobacconist, 3 persons. 70

Martin Breneisen, tailor, 6 persons. 160

Michael Billmeyer, storekeeper, plate, £1, 1 horse, merchandise, £5, 5 persons .. 349

Andrew Billmyer, storekeeper, plate, £10, 1 chair, 1 horse, merchandise, £5, 4 persons. Widow Billmyer, 2 persons. 203

Henry Bender, hosier, 2 persons. 20

Widow Baird, 1 distillery, 2 persons.

113

John Brobst, rope-maker, 5 persons. 113

Widow Bentz, 1 person.

103

Abraham Pike, 7 persons.

Nicholas Bernhard, laborer, 3 persons .. 60

Jacob Bernhard, blacksmith, 1 person, tax £1 10s.

John Collins, mason, 4 persons .. 226

Edward Crawford, storekeeper, 1 horse, 6 per- sons .. 945

John Collins, singletree-maker, 4 persons. 50

David Candler, plate, £1, 1 horse, 3 persons. 599 Joseph Chambers, plate, £1, 4, slaves, 5 persons, 189 Jacob Cramer, nailsmith, 4 persons .. 50 Gen. Michael Doudle, tanner, plate, €1, 2 slaves 2 horses, 1 tanyard, 7 persons. 1117

Killian Dibbinger, storekeeper, €10 merchan- dise, 2 persons. 228

Martin Danner, tobacconist, 2 persons .. 150 Widow Doudle, 1 chair, 1 slave, 1 horse, 5 per- sons. . 353

Jacob Doudle, tanner, 1 horse, 1 tanyard. 120 James Dobbins, waggoner, 4 horses, 4 persons. 103 Robert Donn, innkeeper, 1 horse, 8 persons. 668

John Dallman, carpenter, 7 persons. . 110

Abraham Danner, tobacconist, 1 horse, 7 per- sons . 238

Peter Dinkle, storekeeper, plate, £5, 1 chair, 4 horses, 10 persons .. 934

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History of York County, Pennsylvania : from the earliest period to the present time, divided into general, special, township and borough histories, with a biographical department appended, Part 101

Author: Gibson, John, Editor Publication date: 1886 Publisher: F.A. Battey Publishing Co., Chicago Number of Pages: 1104

Author: Gibson, John, Editor
Publication date: 1886
Publisher: F.A. Battey Publishing Co., Chicago
Number of Pages: 1104