USA > Pennsylvania > York County > History of York County, Pennsylvania : from the earliest period to the present time, divided into general, special, township and borough histories, with a biographical department appended > Part 44
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LIST OF KILLED.
Alexander Gall, adjutant, Fifth New York Cavalry.
Selden Wales, sergeant, Fifth New York Cavalry.
E. S. Dye, sergeant, Fifth New York Cav- alry.
George Collins, sergeant, First Virginia Cavalry.
John Laniger, private, Fifth New York Cavalry.
William Crawford, private, Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry.
David Winninger, private, Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry.
Jacob Harnly, private, Eighteenth Penn- sylvania Cavalry.
C. Rathburn, private, Fifth Michigan Cav- alry.
John Hoffacker, corporal, Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry.
One unknown.
Total ummber of Union soldiers killed-11.
John Hoffacker, one of the killed, .lived a few miles south of Hanover.
LIST OF WOUNDED.
J. H. Little, Eighteenth Pennsylvania. Com- panyB, saber cut in head and shoulder.
E. Jeffries, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Com- pany A, gun-shot in arm.
William Smith, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company I, hit with shell -in hip.
William Cole, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company A, a saber cut.
John Herrick, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company B, gun-shot in back.
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
Jere Develan, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company I, saber cut in head.
John Montgomery, Eighteenth Pennsyl- vania, Company F, saber cut in head.
A. W. Stone, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company B, gun-shot in temple.
A. Setterball, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company F, bruise from fall of horse.
S. Rodbangh, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company M, bruise in face and head.
S. Jones, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Com- pany F, gun-shot in back.
J. Conner, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Com- pany D, saber cut in head.
M. B. Maswell, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company G, contusion in back.
Moses Harrison, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company A, contusion in head.
Chadrack Tellers, Eighteenth Pennsylvania, Company G, leg broken.
J. W. Brooks, First Virginia, Company L, bruise from shell.
Thomas McGuire, First Virginia, Company M, gun-shot in thigh.
Henry Holman, First Virginia, Company L, gun-shot in face.
H. Bncher, First Virginia, Company F, pistol shot in thigh.
Lient. Max Carroll, First Virginia, Com- pany F, wounded in thigh.
James Livingston, Seventh Michigan, Com- pany F, gun-shot.
Jasper Brown, Fifth Michigan, Company D, shot in breast.
Maj. White, Fifth New York, gun-shot, serious.
Thomas Richey, Fifth New York, Company A. brnise in leg.
Brad Wessart, Fifth New York, Company A, saber cut in head.
James Hayes, Fifth New York, Company A, saber cut in shoulder.
Corp. McMullen, Fifth New York, Company F, saber cut, head and shoulder.
Henry Tuthill, Fifth New York, Company T, bruise from horse falling on the charge.
P. Schemmerhorn, Fifth New York, Com- pany D, bruised by carbine.
Corp. Updegrove, Fifth New York, Com- pany D, wound in hip.
J. B. Updike, Fifth New York, Company D, saber cut in head.
William Sampson, Fifth New York, Com- pany H, saber cut in arm and foot.
Corp. Kistner, Fifth New York, Company C, saber cut in neck, serious.
George Gardells, Fifth New York, Com- pany B, gun shot, serious.
William Lively, Fifth New York, Com- pany H, saber cut in arm and neck.
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Corp. N. Barrum, Fifth New York, Com- pany G, gun shot in arm and neck.
Sergt. Owen MeNulty, Fifth New York, Company C, gun shot in arm and finger.
Corp. James McKinley, Fifth New York, Company D, gun shot in arm and head.
Emilie Portier. Fifth New York, Company F, gun shot in arm and breast.
Sergt. J. S. Trowbridge, Fifth New York, Company E, leg amputated.
H. W. Monroe, Fifth New York, Company E, wounded in side, serious.
B. Alexander, Fifth New York, Company E, saber cut in head.
A. C. Rowe, Fifth New York, Company E, saber cut in face.
THE HOSPITAL AND ITS INCIDENTS.
The entire number of Union soldiers wounded was forty-two. The government authorities at once used Concert Hall and Marion Hall as hospitals, and the wounded were placed in them, Pleasant Hill hotel was afterward secured and was used for a considerable time as a government hospital in charge of a surgeon, who was removed from his position in August. Soon after the engagement in Hanover, and the battle of Gettysburg, 150 wounded soldiers were placed here. Sergeant J. S. Trowbridge of the Fifth New York Cavalry, whose leg was am- putated, died five days after the battle, while still in the hospital. Some of the Confeder- ate wounded were admitted to the hospital; of these Isaac Peel, of the Second North Car- olina, died of a wound in his head. The patriotic ladies of Hanover ministered to the wants of the sick and wounded, and were un- ceasing in their efforts to comfort them. An army officer reported, in relation to this hos- pital, "that every desired comfort is fur- nished with great abundance, and every lux- ury, with which the country abounds in rich profusion, is supplied by sympathetic people, and in most instances, administered to the suffering wounded by devoted women. A heartier response to the calls of humanity, never came from a more generous people than we have witnessed here. The Ladies' Aid Society every day bring bed-clothing, band- ages and other necessities."
On 4th of August, the unfortunate death of E. Cady, of Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cav- alry, occurred, after intense suffering. It is related as a sad sight: A few hours before his death an affectionate sister arrived to minister to the wants of her wounded brother, only to find that she was too late. She then revealed the fact that her dead brother was the sole support of herself and her widowed
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mother, whom she stated would want the re- mains conveyed to her home, but lack of funds forbid it. Some generous-hearted and sympathetic citizens immediately raised a sufficient amount to have the body embalmed, and it was sent home for interment. This was but one of the many similar distressing and heart-rending scenes that took place dur- ing the dark times of the civil war.
Cowell, a deserter, who was shot by a guard in Hanover while trying to escape, also died in hospital. On August 15, the soldiers of the Hanover hospital were transferred to Gettysburg.
Soon after the terrible battle of Gettysburg, about 12,000 wounded soldiers passed through Hanover, and were placed in the United States hospitals in Wilmington, Bal- timore, Newark, York, and Philadelphia. A violent rain storm followed, as is customary after every great battle. The Bermudian and the Conewago creeks became very high. The former overflowed its banks and did more damage to mill property than was ever known before.
THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.
Within the old Marsh Creek country, which for just one-half a century belonged to York County, was fought the great and decisive battle of Gettysburg. It immediately fol- lowed the attack at Hanover, of which the latter really was the begining. The interest of the greater conflict at Gettysburg so engrossed the public mind at the time, that the importance of the engagement at Han- over was overlooked. Had Gen. Stuart known that Lee's army was so near him, and gone to Gettysburg from Hanover, on the night of the 30th of June, instead of making the detour across York County to Carlisle, and from thence to Gettysburg the result of the battle of Gettysburg might have been different, or at least much more stub- bornly contested on the first and second days of that eventful struggle. It was on the hal- lowed soil, around that now world-renowned borough, that the flower of the Southern chivalry, 90,000 strong, under the command of a disciplined and able general, for three long [hot summer days closely contested the ground. The result from the first two days seemed to hang on a balance, but the mas- terly skill of Gen. Meade was shown on the third day's struggle. The Potomac army, with him as commander, which position was conferred upon him by President Lincoln but a few hours before the engagement, was eager to meet the enemy on Northern soil. The particulars of this battle need not here
be recounted, but the civilized world knows the result. 25,000 sons of the South were lost in killed, wounded and cap- tured in that eventful conflict. At the same time, Gen. Pemberton surrendered about the same number of men to Gen. Grant at Vicksburg. The Confedrate Army thus lost, in all, nearly 70,000 men in three days. These men could never be replaced, and from that time forth, the Confederacy was on the wane.
INCIDENT OF THE INVASION AT JEFFERSON.
On Saturday, the 27th of June, 1863, Col. White, with about 250 cavalrymen, passed through Jefferson on to Hanover Junction, where they burned the railroad bridges. Re- turning the same evening, they crossed over toward York, after knocking in the heads of two barrels of whiskey belonging to Jacob Re- bert, and setting fire to a car-load of bark, owned by Henry Rebert, at Jefferson Station.
On Tuesday afternoon, on the 30th of June, at about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, Gen. J. E. B. Stuart entered the town from the west, a few hours after the engagement at Hanover. He immediately took possession and planted cannon on the hills north and south of the village, expecting soon to be attacked by Gen. Kilpatrick's cavalry. Guards were stationed all around the town, and no one permitted to leave it. Many persons of this locality had been deluded by the pretensions of a league, which claimed to be able to protect them from injury and their horses from capture if they joined it. In consequence of this, very few horses and valuables were taken eastward to avoid capture. It was a rich harvest for the marauding hordes, and about 100 horses were taken in the town and vicinity. The behavior of the Confederate soldiers here was not in keeping with their conduct elsewhere in the county. Many of them were exceedingly tired and hungry from the exhaustive march. They demanded all the food that could be obtained, stopped several market wagons, and robbed them, even went to the hee-hives and took the honey, and ransacked the stores of William Christ, Al- bert Kraft and Jacob Rebert. The last of this army passed through the village about 3 A. M., Wednesday, from thence to New Sa- lem, to Dover, to Dillsburg, to Carlisle, and from thence to the battle of Gettysburg.
On Wednesday night, or rather on Thurs- day morning, the villagers were awakened by the arrival of a squad of 1,000 Union cav- alry, belonging to Gen. Gregg's division. They came north through Manchester, Md., and Codorus Township, and were on their
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
way to York. A few miles east of Jefferson they were intercepted by a courier with a message demanding their presence at Gettysburg. It was on the early morning of the 2d of July, and was the dawn of the second day of the great conflict at Get- tysburg. The moon was shining brightly as they entered the town of Jefferson from the east. The advance guard was singing the familiar hymn, "Dear fathers, will you meet us." The rear, in answer, sung the refrain, " We will meet in the prom- ised land." They passed on west through Hanover, and on the afternoon of that day this band of soldiers joined the main body of Gen. Gregg's army, and partici- pated in the terrible cavalry battle at Bon- neauville, a few miles east of Gettysburg, where many hundreds of patriotic sons " yielded up their lives that this nation might live." It is memorable as one of the most terrible cavalry battles of the civil war.
INCIDENTS OF STUART'S RAID AT DOVER.
The advance guard of Stewart's Confeder- ate Cavalry entered Dover at 2 o'clock, Wed- nesday morning of July, 1863, and by 8 o'clock the entire force was encamped on the level plains surrounding the town. Stuart was on his way to Carlisle, still not knowing the position of Gen. Lee's army. Most of his men were poorly clad. They came to Dover from Hanover, by way of Jef- ferson and New Salem, and early in the morning paroled twenty-one Union prisoners who had been captured at the engagement with Kilpatrick's army at Hanover the day
before, and released a number of citizens who were captives. The paroled troops went immediately to York. The Con- federate soldiers fed their horses from the best of oats and corn Dover Township af- forded, obtained from the citizens of the town and vicinity the choicest food they could furnish. In a very short time all pre- pared victuals were exhausted, and the women were put to baking and cooking for their un- invited guests. Dover Township was soon scoured, and a rich harvest of 387 horses ob- tained. Many a Dover Township horse and his Southern rider fell in great cavalry con- tests at Bonneauville and Hunterstown, near Gettysburg, the next day. During the fore- noon a small squad of Gen. Pleasonton's Union Cavalry came in sight of Dover, and an engagement was momentarily expected near the Dover churchyard, the silent resting place of Capt. Greaff, and many of his brave Revolutionary patriots. The Union troops being inferior in numbers withdrew toward Gettysburg. About this time Gen. Wade Hampton, who has since been a governor of and United States senator from South Caro- lina, wrote a message in the office of Dr. John Ahl, and sent it off with a courier. At 1 P. M., the Confederate soldiers took up their march toward Carlisle on the State road, but sending out predatory parties on the right and left flanks, Gen. Fitz Hugh Lee com- manding one of them.
For the valuable draught horse an old worn out "nag " was frequently exchanged, with which the farmer was compelled to cut his ripening harvest.
THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS.
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THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS.
BY H. L. FISHER.
THEIR ANCESTRY, CHARACTER, MANNERS, CUSTOMS, DIALECT, ETC.
THAT industrious, thrifty, patriotic and generally intelligent portion of our pop- ulation, known as Pennsylvania Germans, are descendants of those hardy pioneer set- tlers who immigrated hither from various German States, commencing as early, at least, as the year 1683; and we find that September 29, 1709, at a council held at Philadelphia, the Hon. Charles Gookin, Esq., lieutenant-governor, approved a bill for naturalizing the Germans-Francis Daniel Pastorius and about ninety others, residents of the counties of Philadelphia and Bucks. Francis Daniel Pastorius was the learned young German advocate who founded Ger- mantown. He was made first bailiff, and Jacob Tellner, Dirk Isaacs op den Graff and Herman op den Graff, three burghers were, ex officio, town magistrates. Day in his historical collections, also gives the follow- ing curious paper :
We whose names are to these presents subscribed, do hereby certify unto all whom it may concern that soon after our arrival in this province of Penn- sylvania, in October, 1683, to our certain knowledge Herman op den Graff, Dirk op den Graff, and Abra- ham op den Graff, as well as we ourselves, in the cave of Francis Daniel Pastorius, at Philadelphia, did cast lots for the respective lots which they and we then began to settle in Germantown: and the said Graffs (three brothers), have sold their several lots, each by himself, no less than if a division in writing had been made by them. Witness our hands the 29th of November, A. D., 1709.
LENHART AERETS, JAN LENSEN, THOMAS HUNDUS, WILLIAM STREYGERT, ABRAHAM TUNES, JAN LUCKEN, REINER TYSEN.
These immigrants must have been arriving in alarming numbers, for we also find that at a meeting of the provincial council held in Philadelphia on September 17, 1717, the Hon. William Keith, then lieutenant-gover- nor of the province, took occasion to observe to the board "that great numbers of for- eigners from Germany having lately been
imported into this province daily dispersed themselves immediately after landing, with- out producing any certificates, from whence they came or what they were; and as they seemed to have first landed in Britain and afterward to have left it without any license from the government, or so much as their knowledge, so, in the same manner they be- haved here, without making the least appli- cation to himself or to any of the magis- trates; that as this practice might be of very dangerous consequence, since by the same method any number of foreigners from any nation whatever, as well enemies as friends, might throw themselves upon us. The gov- ernor therefore thought it requisite that this matter should be considered by the board, and accordingly it was considered and 'tis ordered thereupon, that all the masters of vessels who have lately imported any of those foreigners be summoned to appear at this board, to render an account of the number and character of their passengers respect- ively from Britain. That all those who are already landed be required by a proclamation to be issued for that purpose, to repair within the space of one month to some magistrate, particularly to the recorder of this city, to take such oaths appointed by law as are necessary to give assurances of their being well affected to his Majesty and his govern- ment. But because some of these foreigners are said to be Menonists, who cannot for con- science' sake take any oaths, that those per- sons be admitted upon their giving any equivalent assurances in their own way and manner, and that the naval officer of this port be required not to admit any ioward bound vessel to an entry, until the master shall first give an exact list of all their pas- sengers imported by them." (Col. Rec., Vol. III, p. 29.)
That "At a council held at Philadelphia September 9, (?) 1777, Capt. Richmond, Capt. Tower, and Capt. Eyers waited upon the board with the list of the Palatines they
14
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
had imported here from London; by which list it appeared that Capt. Richmond had imported 164, Capt. Tower 91, and Capt. Eyers 108." Total, 363 (Ibid).
At a meeting of the council, "February 19, 1724-25," a petition from divers Palatines was read, praying that the governor and council would recommend them to the favorable usage of the proprietors' agents, and that they might be allowed to purchase lands in this province, which was referred to Mr. Logan and the rest of the proprietors' agents to consider thereof, and to report their opinions to the board concerning the same (Col. Rec. Vol. III, p. 241); but no further action ap- pears to have been taken thereon.
On the 14th day of September, 1727, Patrick Gordon, then lieutenant-governor, called the provincial council together, "to inform them that there is lately arrived from Holland a ship with 400 Palatines, as 'tis said, and that he has information they will be very soon followed by a much greater number, who design to settle in the back parts of this province; and as they transport themselves without any leave obtained from the Crown of Great Britain, and settle them- selves upon the proprietors' untaken-up lands without any application to the proprietor or his commissioners of property, or to the gov- ernment in general, it would be highly neces- sary to concert proper measures for the peace and security of the province, which may be endangered by such numbers of strangers daily poured in, who, being ignorant of our language and laws, and settling in a body together, makes, as it were, a distinct people from his Majesty's subjects. The board, taking the same into their serious considera- tion, observe, that as these people pretended at first that they fly hither on the score of their religious liberties, and come under the protection of his Majesty, it's requisite that in the first place they should take the oath of allegiance, or some equivalent to it to his Majesty, and promise fidelity to the proprie- tor, and obedience to our established consti- tution; and therefore, until some proper remedy can be had from home, to prevent the importation of such numbers of strangers into this or others of his Majesty's colonies: 'Tis ordered that the masters of the vessels importing them shall be examined whether they have any leave granted them by the Court of Britain for importation of these foreigners, and that a list shall be taken of the names of all these people, their several occupations, and the places from whence they came, and shall be further examined touching their intentions in coming hither; and further,
that a writing be drawn up for them to sign, declaring their allegiance and subjection to the King of Great Britain and fidelity to the proprietary of this province, and that they will demean themselves peaceably towards all his Majesty's subjects, and strictly ob. serve and conform to the laws of England and of this government."
At a meeting of the council held at the court house, Philadelphia, one week later. September 21, 1727, a paper being drawn up to be signed by those Palatines who should come into this province with an intention to settle therein, pursuant to the order of this board, was presented, read and approved, and is in these words:
" We, subscribers, natives and late inhab- itants of the Palatinate upon the Rhine, and places adjacent, having transported ourselves and families into the province of Pennsylva- nia, a colony subject to the Crown of Great Britain, in hopes and expectation of finding. a retreat and peaceable settlement therein, do solemnly promise and engage that we will be faithful and bear true allegiance to his present Majesty, King George II, and his successors, King of Great Britain, and will be faithful to the proprietors of this province. And that we will demean ourselves peaceably to all his said Majesty's subjects, and strictly observe and conform to the laws of England and of this province, to the outmost of our power and best of our understanding."
"In hopes and expectation of finding a retreat and peaceable settlement" 109 Pala- tines (wbo with their families made about 400 persons, lately arrived in the ship " Will- iam and Sarah"), then repeated and sub- scribed the foregoing declaration. (Col.
Rec. Vol. III, p. 283-4.)
On September 27,1727,53 Palatinates; Sep- tember 30, 70; October 2, 53; October 16, 46; August 24, 1728, 80; September 4, 30; Sep- tember 11, 42; August 19, 1729, 75; Sep- tember 15, 59; August 28, 1730, 77; Sep- tember 5, 46; November 30, 24; August 17, 1731, 39; September 11, 57; September 21, 106; October 14, 33; May 15, 1732, 13; August 11, 106; September 11, 70; September 19, 112; September 21, 72; September 23, 57; September 25, 115; September 26, 61; Sep- tember 30, 55; October 11, 42; October 17, 61; August 17, 1733, 90; August 27, 58; Au- gust 28, 84; September 18, 67; September 28, 43; September 29, 54; October 12, 15; September 12, 1734, 89; September 23, 49; and on May 29, 1735, 54 Palatines and Switzers repeated and subscribed the same declaration of intention and allegiance.
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THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS.
All these with their families numbered (ac- cording to the records) about 6,927 souls. (Col. Rec. Vol. III, p. 8, "Emigration of palatines.
In each instance the names of all the males (only, and no occupations) are given, and among them we find many of local famil- iarity, such as Andreas, Ammon. Alberts, Alt- land, Albrecht, Abel, Appell, Bender, Baer, Bigley, Baire, Begtol, Beyer, Braun, Bouser, Bastian, Baumgartner, Beecher, Bischoff, Bahn, Bock, Bassler, Breckley, Bur holder, Brechbill, Berndheisel, Bott, Bower, Besaker, Bucher, Bricker, Becker, Brenner, Bortener, Burghart, Bihlmeier. Bulinger, (K) Coch, Castle, Carl, Christ, Croll, Carver, Christ- man, Carl, Conrad, Dillinger,; Dubs, Durr, Doll, Ebersoll, Egelberger, Ewald, Eshel- man, Ebert, Emich, Erdman, Evermau, Eck- ert, Emmert, Frye. Fritz, Fultz, Franz, Funk, Fikus, Fischer, Fetter, Fry, Flick- inger, Fizer, Foss, Friedle, Frank, Frick, Fause, Frederick, Fuchs (Fox), Good, Gratz, Gering, Glaser, Gertner, Gruber, Graff, Graaf, Gyger, Gerhard, George, Gossweiler, Glasbrenner, Gilbert, Gatz, Gross, Hoffman, Hoover, Horlacher, Hoff, Histant, Hensell, Herman, Helzel, Hayes, Has, Hendrick, Hess, Hass, Hartman, Hillegas, Hartranft, Ham, Heck, Hunsucker, Heininger, Heistand, Horsch, Hauk, Hubert, Holzinger, Hetrich, Heneberger, Heillman, Hornisch, Huber, Hartzell, Horn, Ishelman, Joost, Kuntz, Kie- ner, Keyser, Keer, Keeler, Kitzmiller, Keim, Keil, Koor, Keller, Koppenhaffer, Kulp, Kreemer, Krafft, Kobell, Kern, Keesey, Keiffer, Keefer, Kreider, Kraus, Klein, Key- ser, Kling, Kolb, Kressler, Koller, Kunst, Koch, Krieger, Leaman, Longnecker, Leath- erman, Landish, Leeman, Lowman, Lat- show, Lanius, Lautermilch, Lehman, Lutz, Lederman, Liebenstein, Lentz, Lower, Lohr, Lang, Landis, Lichtner, Meyer, Miller, Mayer, Marten, Middlekaff, Morgestern, Moeser, Moore, Mack, Minigh, Michael, Mumma, Mentz, Messinger, Moritz, Messer- schmid, Moser, Neff, Nagell, Nehs, Noll, Overholzer, Oswald, Obermiller, Pixseler, Peifer, Penz, Quickle, Ruhl, Reser, Reemer, Rank, Rohrbach, Rice, Rutter, Riegel, Roth, Reyter, Reichenbach, Rousch, Rudi, Rauch, Siegler, Stonfer, Sigrist, Shultz, Siegle, Smith, Sneyder, Schenk, Strickler, Swyzer, Stork, Schlosser, Sullinger, Stock, Sholl, Seller, Shoemaker, Seyller, Schram, Steyner, Sherer, Schryock, Seltzer, Scheive, Saner- milch, Steiner, Sybert, Schwartz, Soldner, Snively (Schnable), Schirch, Staal, Schitz, Strack, Schmidt, Souder, Sadler, Schweitzer, Stambach, Steger, Trockenmiller, Thomas,
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