USA > Pennsylvania > Jefferson County > Jefferson County, Pennsylvania : her pioneers and people, 1800-1915, Volume I > Part 38
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"The field and staff of the Fifty-seventh was largely from Jefferson county, viz. :
"Lieutenant colonel, Cyrus Butler ; quarter- master, M. H. Shannon; assistant surgeon, John M. Cummins ; chaplain, John C. Trues- dale; quartermaster sergeant. W. J. Mc- Knight ; commissary sergeant, John J. Thomp- son.'
JOHN HUNT MORGAN'S RAID AND HIS SENSATIONAL CAPTURE
The year 1863 was an historical one. The complete victory of Lee and disastrous defeat of "fighting Joe Hooker" at the battle of Chancellorsville, Va., on May 3d, of that year emboldened Jefferson Davis and the other Rebel leaders to plan an invasion of the North and, if possible, rob and loot rich Pennsylvania. Accordingly, as a precautionary measure and to prepare for such a condition, on the 9th of June, 1863, the war department issued a gen- eral order (No. 172) establishing two new military departments, viz. :
Ist, The Department of the Monongahela, embracing that portion of the State of Penn- sylvania west of Johnstown and the Laurel Ilill range of mountains, and the counties of Hancock, Brooke and Ohio, in the State of Virginia, and the counties of Columbiana, Jef- ferson and Belmont, in the State of Ohio. The command of this department was assigned to Maj. Gen. William T. H. Brooks, with his headquarters at Pittsburgh. Five thousand, one hundred and sixty-six men enlisted in this department.
2d, The Department of the Susquehanna. embracing that portion of the State of Penn- sylvania east of Johnstown and the Laurel Hill range of mountains. The command of this department was assigned to Maj. Gen. Darius N. Couch, with his headquarters at Chambersburg. Thirty-one thousand, four
hundred and thirty-two men enlisted in this department.
Eight regiments, two batteries, six com- panies of cavalry and four independent com- panies, in the two departments, were sworn into the United States service for the emer- gency. The remaining regiments were only State militia.
On the 28th of June, 1863, Governor Curtin issned a call for sixty thousand emergency men to serve for ninety days. In response to this call three companies were enlisted in Jefferson county. One in Brookville of about ninety men commanded by Cyrus Butler ; one in Ringgold township about seventy strong, commanded by John C. McNutt, and one in Brockwayville seventy strong, commanded by Nichols M. Brockway. I (Dr. W. J. Mc- Knight > enlisted in Brockway's company and this company was hauled in two wagons to Kittanning, Pa., each wagon drawn by four horses. John A. Fox, of Warsaw, drove one of the teams, and W. H. Schram the other. From Kittanning we expected to be rushed to Harrisburg, join Couch and meet Lee at Gettysburg, but at Pittsburgh both companies were ordered to Camp Howe, where we organized a regiment, the Fifty-seventh, after which the regiment as organized marched about four miles to a beautiful grove-McFar- land's-with the street cars on one side of us and the Pennsylvania railroad on the other. This spot was named Camp Swearingen, near East Liberty. Butler's company was Com- pany B. Brockway's company was Company G. and MeNutt's company was Company H.
In the organization of the regiment the fol- lowing Jefferson county men were selected for the field and staff : Lieutenant colonel, Cyrus Butler ; quartermaster, Martin H. Shannon ; surgeons, John II. Cummins, John W. Hughes ; chaplain, John C. Truesdale ; quarter- master sergeant, W. J. McKnight ; commis- sary sergeant, John J. Thompson.
Brockway's company was enrolled June. 30th, mustered into the United States service July 3d, and discharged August 17. 1863. 1 am the only one now living of the entire field and staff of the regiment. The regiment was assigned to General Brooks, and assisted him in his campaign against General Morgan.
These United States volunteers received no bounty. but were paid the same as other soldiers in the army of the United States, as soon as Congress made an appropriation for that purpose.
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JEFFERSON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
War Department, June 27, 1863, 1 :45 p. m. Major General Brooks, Pittsburgh:
Directions have been given to the quartermaster general to furnish, upon the requisition of the gov- ernor, uniforms to the State troops that may answer the governor's call. Those who are sworn into the United States service will be supplied upon your requisition.
EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War.
In addition to throwing up defenses for Pittsburgh, General Brooks determined to capture Morgan if he came into his depart- ment, and accordingly went to work to deploy his forces in such a way that escape for Morgan would be impossible, as the following official telegrams will explain :
Pittsburgh, July 7, 1863. (Received 2:20 a. m.) Major General Halleck :
There are six hundred and fifty six months' vol- unteers in camp here, all armed and equipped. Also two thousand six hundred three months' militia that can be ready to move tomorrow night.
W. T. H. BROOKS, Major General.
Pittsburgh, July 8, 1863. (Received July 9, 12:05 a. m.) Major General Halleck :
The following troops will leave for Grafton to- morrow : Two regiments three months' militia, numbering one thousand three hundred; one hat- talion six months' volunteers, six hundred and fifty strong; and one battery, fully equipped, one hundred strong. A regiment of three months' militia, com- manded by Col. Thomas F. Gallagher, objects to leaving the state.
W. T. H. BROOKS, Major General.
(Note .- This regiment afterwards reconsidered their action and went along.)
On Friday, June 24th, General Brooks moved his headquarters to Wellsville. Ohio, and ordered three Pennsylvania U. S. Emergency regiments to break ranks, viz., the Fifty-fourth, Col. Thomas F. Gallagher; the Fifty-seventh, Col. James R. Porter ; the Fifty- eighth, Col. George H. Bemtis, and to proceed to the front. At East Liberty we were shipped in cattle cars down the Ohio river and were posted along the river to block the fords between Steubenville and Wheeling. Colonel Porter's Fifty-seventh regiment arrived first. and halting at Portland Station took position to cover Warrenton ford, Colonel Porter occupying with the right wing strong ground on the Hill road and Major Reed occupying with the left wing strong ground on the Valley road. The Fifty-eighth arrived next and in conjunction with two sections of artillery and two companies of cavalry occupied La Grange. The Fifty-fourth came last and was ordered
in position midway between the other two regiments. This line had scarcely been formed when Morgan sent some six or eight scouts to feel the way, and they met a simple and honest old farmer, about two miles above the Fifty- seventh's position, whom they accosted thus : "Ho, old fellow, are there any troops down at the river? Morgan and his whole Rebel band are just behind us, and if there are no troops down at the river, he will get across." The old man replied to Morgan's men to give themselves no uneasiness, that there were about one thousand Pennsylvanians down at the river waiting for Rebels. Early next morning Morgan made another attempt to cross our ford. On this second appearance of Morgan's scouts, John W. Goodar, a moun- taineer, fired at them contrary to orders and a scout was seen to fall. Goodar remarked with a Christian word, "I'll let them know we are here." Nearly every one of Brockway's men were mountaineers, hunters and expert rifle- men. After this shot these scouts wheeled and made a rapid retreat, met Morgan, who halted his forces, took off the road, and skedaddled in the direction of Steubenville. The Fifty- seventh regiment then was ordered to leave for another ford, some ten miles above Steuben- ville. The Rebels came within two miles of the Fifty-seventh at this point, and if they had come there on Saturday night, Colonel Porter would have captured the whole force, but sympathizers gave information to Morgan of the condition of affairs in that quarter. When the Fifty-seventh left the point above Wheel- ing they had no stockcars on which to ship horses, so the horses were sent tip to Steuben- ville on board a boat.
When Morgan left this point he steered his course to the left of Steubenville, towards Salineville, on the Cleveland & Pittsburgh rail- road, where the United States cavalry over- took him a few miles north of Steubenville on Saturday night, and had a skirmish, putting his forces to flight. At this point General Brooks ordered Colonel Gallagher's regiment to go by the cars to Salineville and intercept Morgan at that place, and the Fifty-seventh to Island Creek.
As soon as Gallagher arrived at Salineville he placed his men in a position to receive the enemy. About sunrise Morgan's skirmishers made their appearance near the town, but when his scouts discovered our forces Morgan, who was then about a mile out of Salineville, halted for an hour, when Colonel Shackelford, com- manding the Tenth Kentucky cavalry, came upon his rear, making a charge upon his force,
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JEFFERSON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
killing and wounding about thirty of their number.
Morgan was now detained some time in crossing a neck of woods, and had to throw down four fences to get into another road, when Major Way's Michigan cavalry charged the Rebels on their flank, cutting off about three hundred in killed, wounded and prison- ers. Those who were thus cut off jumped from their horses, threw down their guns and took to a piece of woods about forty rods dis- tant, where they surrendered in squads. At this point John Morgan was riding in a buggy when the Rebels crossed the last fence, and when Morgan drove up to the fence it was only partly thrown down, so that he could not drive over with his buggy. Morgan jumped out of the buggy and caught a strag- gling horse on which he made his escape. The U. S. cavalry pressed the balance of Morgan's force and overtook them near New Lisbon. New Lisbon was the former home of that Knight of the Golden Circle, Clement L. Val- landigham, who was arrested, tried by court martial, and ordered May 24, 1863, by Lincoln, to be banished across the Confederate lines. At New Lisbon these Rebels were met in front by a company of Ohio militia cavalry sent by Brooks to head them. When Mor- gan saw the Ohio militia, commanded by Captain Burbick, in front of him and the United States cavalry coming close upon his rear, he surrendered without a fight, and thus ended the famous John Hunt Morgan raid.
The four hundred and forty prisoners were placed in charge of Col. George H. Bemus. of the Fifty-eighth Regiment, and were marched by him to Salineville station, where they and their captors entrained for Steubenville, the prisoners in coaches, and our men on flatcars. Arriving at Steubenville the raiders were marched up Adams and Market streets to the Steubenville & Indiana railroad.
By the grand maneuvering of General Brooks, Morgan was caught on the third day after Brooks took the matter in hand. Our three months' boys played a very important part in helping to catch the old guerrilla. If our regiments had not been on the ground the Rebels surely would have crossed the Ohio river and made their escape, or burned and destroyed Pittsburgh and other places.
The Kentucky and Michigan cavalry deserve a great deal of credit for their vigi- lance in following these three thousand guer- rillas. They pursued them for twenty-seven days, riding day and night, sleeping very little during that time. The Rebels had the ad-
vantage, for they stole fresh horses every day. Our cavalry would overtake them about once every twenty-four hours. When captured the poor Rebels were nearly exhausted. Some of them would fall asleep standing on their feet. On being asked why they did not cross the river, they answered: "If it had not been for the d-d Pennsylvanians' Fifty-seventh Regiment we would have got over all right."
On our return on flatcars all through Ohio we received a continued ovation. At Steuben- ville great crowds greeted us, and fifteen hun- dred girls were formed in line all dressed in white, with blue ribbons around their waists, waving their handkerchiefs and hailing us as their deliverers.
The Fifty-seventhi Regiment reached Pitts- burgh the 26th, about ten o'clock at night. We enjoyed a good supper prepared for us by the citizens of Pittsburgh, after which we marched out to Camp Swearingen without the loss of a man. Several were hurt. I only remember two, M. H. Shannon and L. A. Brady. I can but commend the kind reception the citizens of Ohio gave us, especially the ladies. We took but one day's rations with us, and on the evening of the first day things looked a little squally ; but the next morning the country people came pouring in with wagonloads of provisions, the best the land afforded, and when we came to Steubenville the ladies came pouring out in force, and with their good catables, their smiles, and the waving of their handkerchiefs, came near captivating our whole regiment.
General Orders No. 4. Hdqrs. Dep't. of the Monongahela, Pitts- burgh, Pa., August 3, 1863. I. The prompt manner in which the officers and men of Colonels Gallagher's, Porter's and Bemus' regiments responded to the order which carried them to Ohio, for the purpose of aiding in the cap- ture of Morgan and his band, is worthy of high praise. Their good conduct throughout that excit- ing campaign was the subject of general remark.
T. B. SWEARINGEN, Assistant Adjutant General.
War of the Rebellion. Official Records. Series 1, Volume 27, Part 3.
These two new departments in 1863 saved the nation. Pennsylvania soldiers opened the fight at Gettysburg, won the day and cleared the field. Penn- sylvania soldiers of western Pennsylvania captured, guarded and escorted John H. Morgan, the guerrilla, to General Brooks' headquarters at Wellsville. All F can say to this is, "Great the state and great her sons."
The official telegram from the field announc- ing a complete victory and capture is given below :
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JEFFERSON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Headquarters in the field, three miles south of New Lisbon, Ohio, July 26, 1863. To Col. Lewis Richmond, A. A. G .:
By the blessing of Almighty God I have succeeded in capturing Gen. John H. Morgan, Colonel Duke and the remainder of the command, amounting to about four hundred prisoners. I will start with Morgan and staff on the first train for Cincinnati, and await the general's order for transportation for the remainder.
J. M. SHACKELFORD, Col. Commanding.
Most of the prisoners were Kentucky men. . The privates were taken north to Johnson's Island in Lake Erie. There were sixty-five sent by Brooks from Wellsville to the Colum- bus penitentiary with Morgan. Six of them are now living, viz .: Col. Richard C. Morgan ; Colonel Coleman ; Col. Basil W. Duke, of Louisville, Ky .; General Morgan's brother-in- law and right-hand man, Gov. J. B. McCreary, of Kentucky; a man named Hockersmith, in Madisonville, Ky., and Capt. Andy Barry, of Lexington.
The four hundred and forty raiders when captured had four hundred and forty of the best horses that could be procured on their line of march through the States of Indiana and Ohio, and as they had sacked many stores and lived off the inhabitants along their route had a supply of clothing and dry goods and many other articles, such as ladies' wearing apparel, shawls, hats, watches, jewelry, sad- (les, canteens of liquor and boxes of cigars, the plunder from Ohio and Indiana stores. They were armed with four hundred and forty-one rifles, and after their surrender our troops were ordered to unload their arms, which was done and the rifles stacked.
The officers were "stout, athletic men from twenty-five to forty years of age," but the privates were young men, many of them boys, and but few wore uniforms. The privates were dressed in all sorts of costumes, the but- ternut and Kentucky jeans being prominent. Some had straw hats, some wool hats, and but few had decent clothing of any kind. They were as motley and dirty looking a set of men as one ever saw. They were of all ages, from the beardless boy of sixteen to the gray-haired man of threescore and ten. There were a number of Texans among them, wild, woolly and uncouth-looking men. General Morgan was dressed in blue jean pants and a new linen blouse. He was apparently "over six feet in height, weighing perhaps two hundred pounds, with erect form, florid complexion, light hair, goatee and mustache closely trimmed." He 13
had pleasant blue eyes, full and sharp, and his gait was swaggering.
General Morgan was badly disappointed that liis raid was such a complete failure. He fully expected to be able to recruit an army from members of the Knights of the Golden Circle, Copperheads and Democrats of the North, and recross the Ohio river into Kentucky.
JOHN HUNT MORGAN was born in Alabama in 1825, and in 1830 removed to Lexington, Ky. In 1861 he joined the Confederate camp, near Green river, and although a commissioned officer carried on largely an independent cam- paign in Kentucky and eastern Tennessee. In 1863 he started on his raid through Indiana and Ohio for Pennsylvania, crossing the Ohio river at Brandenburg with about three thou- sand. He was followed by Gen. James M. Shackelford with a force of U. S. mounted infantry, cavalry and artillery, but being practically unopposed in front Morgan managed to give his pursuers a long chase. The invaders entered Ohio at Harrison on July 13th, and following an eastwardly course at- tempted to cross the river at Portland, near Buffington Island, but were overtaken and lost about fifteen hundred men in killed, wounded and prisoners. Morgan, with the remainder of his forces, escaped through Athens, Mor- gan, Muskingum, Guernsey and Harrison counties, Ohio, entering Mt. Pleasant town- ship, Jefferson Co., Ohio, Saturday morning, July 25th. He followed the road down Long run to Short creek; thence to the present vil- lage of Dillonvale and up Dry Fork road to Smithfield ; thence to New Alexandria and down McIntire to Cross Creek; thence via Ekey's and Dry Fork to Wintersville; thence through Richmond and East Springfield, northwardly to Monroeville, where there was a skirmish on Sunday morning, the 26th of July. Morgan was now cornered and sur- rendered with the remnant of his forces near Salineville about one p. m. This was the farthest point north reached by an invading Y force during the Civil war. At all prominent points along this route monuments have been erected with suitable inscriptions-fourteen monuments in all. Morgan and sixty-five of his men were imprisoned in the Ohio peniten- tiary in retaliation for similar treatment of some Union raiders, from which penitentiary he and six others escaped on November 26, 1863. He resumed operations in the South, and was shot at Greeneville, Tenn., on Sep- tember 3, 1864.
The roster of the Jefferson county com- panies in the Fifty-seventh Regiment follows :
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JEFFERSON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Company B, Fifty-seventh Regiment
"Captains, Cyrus Butler ( promoted), Alex- ander L. Gordon; first lieutenant, William Dickey; second lieutenant, John A. Mclain; first sergeant. Daniel Fogle ; sergeants, , Wil- marth Matson. William C. Smith, William Kelso, Robert Cathcart ; corporals, Samuel J. Ream, Joseph M. Galbraith, Samuel .i. Hunter, John Alexander, Jared Jones, Clar- ence R. Hall, John McCullough, James L. Brown ; musicians, Warren P. Bowdish, Sam- uel McElhose ; privates, Charles S. Andrews, John S. Barr, Ilugh Brady, Benjamin Boyer, Elias Boyer, Henry Bullers, William Bailey, Philip Carrier, Isaiah Corbet, Daniel V. Clements, Lanford Carrier, Solomon Davis, Oliver Darr, Morgan English, George W. Farr, John II. Fike, George G. Fryer, Edwin Forsyth, Leander W. Graham, Henry D. Guthrie, Jacob Geist, irwine Hubbard, Elias J. Hettrick, Elijah C. Hall, Darius Hettrick, Henry Hettrick, John Hartman, Eli Hettrick, Thaddeus S. Hall, John W. Hawthorne, Wil- liam Hall, Daniel Horam, William Ishman, Moses Ishman, Edward G. Kirkman, Alexan- der Kennedy, James Lockwood, Logan Linsen- bigler, Enoch J. Loux, William Love, Magee A. Larrimer, Jeremiah Mowry, George Mowry. John Moore, James W. Murphy, John H. MeElroy. A. II. MeKillip. J. R. McFadden, Christy MeGiffin, John McMurray, William O'Connor, Monroe Prindle, Benjamin Reitz, Calvin W. Ray, David J. Reigle, Robert Reed, Harris Ransom, Joseph T. Space, Calvin Simpson, Thomas Stewart, Peter Spangler, Michael Strawcutter, Charles Shindledecker, Newton Taylor, John Truby, Barclay D. Vas- binder, Hezekiah Vasbinder, Russell Van Tassell, Barton B. Welden, Ira Welch, John C. Wilson, Jackson Welch, William .A. Williams.
Company G, Fifty-seventh Regiment
"Captain, Nicholas Brockway; first lieu- tenant, John C. Johnson ; second lieutenant, Ezekiel Sterrett ; first sergeant, M. R. Bell; sergeants, Frederick Harvey, Joel Brown, Perry C. Fox, William Mulkins; corporals. James Dennison, John II. Robinson, Samuel Davenport, Richard Humphrey, John R. Wilkins, John Adams; privates, Jesse N. At- well, Joseph Briggs, Charles Baker, Dennis Butts, John Bryant, William Brittain, David Bovaird, James Calhoun, James Coder, Wil- liam Clinton, Andrew Calhoun, John Caldwell, Stewart Crawford, John M. Dailey, William
Frost, Stephen Fox, Justice Gage, John Goodar. Thomas Groves, Franklin Goodar, Samuel llol, Washington Henderson, Jacob Hartman, William Irwin, John Irvin, James Jackson, Cyrus Kilgore, Robert Kearney, John Kearney, James Kearney, Franklin Lyman, C. Logue. Livingston Lockwood. D. W. Linsen- bigler, Frank Lindemuth, Wesley Mulkins, William Mather, William MeMinn, William B. McCullough, James McConnell, William Mc- Connell, Scott McClelland, Adam Nulf. Wil- liam Nulf, Stewart Porter, V. L. Parsons, Coleman Parris, James Pearsall, James Pat- terson, Lewis Riley, James M. Smith, James Smith, John Sylvis, Hamilton Smith, James Stevenson, Levi Vandevort, Frederick Walker, James Welch, William H. Wilson.
Company H, Fifty-seventh Regiment
"Captain, John C. McNutt ; first lieutenant, James E. Long; second lieutenant, J. N. Gar- rison ; first sergeant, Henry Keihl; sergeants, David Milliron, Peter Fike, George Richards, Daniel Hoy ; corporals, John W. Alcorn, Joseph Heasley, John J. Fishell, E. H. Clark, Joseph Glontz, Alvin Startzell, Jacob Smith. Hiram McAninch ; musicians, Samuel Gear- heart, Amos Lerch; privates, William W. Alcorn, James G. Averell, S. R. Anderson, Lewis A. Brady, Amos Cailor, Andrew H. Diven, Frank Doubles, John B. Farr, Philip II. Freas, Robert Geist, James Geist, William J. Geist, Thomas M. Gibson, Edward Hender- son, George B. Haine, William Jenkins, C. N. Jackson, Thomas Jones, Israel Johnson, Elijah Keller, John Lash, James Lang, William R. Loder, George Mauk, John Matson, Eli Miller, Isaac Mauk, Alexander Mauk, Jacob Mauk; John J. Montgomery, Gilmore S. Montgomery, William Milliron, John McFarland, Joseph Neal, John G. Porterfield, Amos Raybuck. John Ross, George J. Reitz, F. S. Sprankle (of Frostburg), Henry Shilling, Manoah Smith (of Grange), William R. Shaffer, Ilenry Snyder, William Swab, Abraham Thomas, William Wonderling, William J. Wilson, James Walmer.
Companies B and C, Second Battalion. Six Months' Volunteers
"In response to the call for six months' volunteers for border defense, issued by President lincoln and Governor Curtin in July, 1863, two companies responded from Jefferson county, and were mustered into the Second Independent Battalion July 23, 1863.
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JEFFERSON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
and discharged January 21, 1864. They went first into camp at Cumberland. Md., and though not actively engaged did good service in guard and picket duty. Lieut. Herman Kretz, who went out with Company B, was, on the organization of the battalion, promoted to major.
"Company B-Captain, Charles Mclain; first lieutenant, Thomas P. McCrea; second lieutenant, Samuel P. Huston, first sergeant, David Baldwin ; sergeants, Frank H. Steck, James E. Mitchell, George Stack, Solomon Kelso; corporals, Henry C. Keys, Charles Lyle, Edward Guthrie, Edgar Rodgers, Ado- niram J. Smith, Charles Butler, George New- com, McCurdy Hunter ; musicians, Archibald O. McWilliams, W. S. Lucas ; privates, Benton Arthurs, James T. Alford, J. G. Allen, Thomas B. Adams, Joseph Bowdish, William Baugh- man, Benjamin Bickle, Webster Butler, Ham- ilton Beatty, Robert Beatty, Washington K. Christy. Simon Denny, Marcellus G. Del'al- lance, William F. Ewing, Samuel Frank, Bar- ton Guthrie, William Gilbert, Robert S. Gilli- land, Wilson Gilliland, William Gordon, John J. Guthrie, Norman B. Galbraith, Jacob Het- trick, James Hays, Edward Holly, David A. Henderson, John H. Huston, Eli J. Irvin, George Irvin, Lawson Knapp, John L. Knapp, Robert Kelly. Thomas F. Keys, John T. Kelso, William Love, John L. Lucas. Edward Linde- muth, Constantine Levis, Philip Levy, William Miller, David F. Matter, Alexander Moore, Robert H. McIntosh, George McDole, John S. McGiffin, Robert M. McElroy, Arad Pearsall, John B. Patrick, John S. Richards. John C. Rhea, Reuben MI. Shick, Amos Shirey, Alfred Slack. Robert A. Smith, William C. Smith. John Showalter, Lewis Stine, Henry Startzell, Frederick Steck, John Shields, David Simpson. James M. Simpson, Frank Truman, William L. Thompson, Joseph Thompson, Paul Vande- vort, John C. Vandevort, Josiah Wiley.
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