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STANDARD
BLUE BOOK TEXAS
1920
HOUSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY R01248 12657
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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation
http://www.archive.org/details/standardbluebook1920unse
The STANDARD BLUE BOOK
TEXAS EDITION 1920
Entered According to an Act of Congress in the Year 1920, by A. J. Peeler, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C.
VOL. XII
Issued by A. J. PEELER & CO.
Authors, Proprietors and Publishers of all STANDARD BLUE BOOK PUBLICATIONS U. S. A.
Texas Office 215 WEST COMMERCE STREET, SAN ANTONIO
2
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
CONTENTS
Austin 52
Beaumont
53
Brenham 54
Commercial Section-Advertising, etc.
221
Corsicana
55
Dental Section
94
Dedication
5
Historiette of Texas
28
Houston
56
John Henry Kirby-Services rendered in war as Lumber Administrator
16
Manufacturing
39
Medical Section
42
Military Section
97
Musical Texas
140
Our Heroes and Heroines (Poem)
110
Osteopathy
137
Port Arthur
57
Preface
6
Roll of Honor-Our Texas Heroes and Heroines who made
the supreme sacrifice. 114
San Antonio 58
Social Register-Austin, Houston, San Antonio, Waco 148
Taylor 60
Texas and Its Resources
9
Texas' Part in the World War
97
Texas Public Health Association
51
Texas Doctors in the War 42
94
Temple
61
Waco
62
Waxahachie
63
Who's Who Section
182
Texas Dental Society.
Temple 61
63-12389
RO124812657 txr T 976 . 4 S785 1920
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK. TEXAS / VOL. 12
beck
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS
Abbott, Frederick
64
Adams, Mrs ... T. . A.
220
Alleman, J. B. 87
Ames, Dr. E. D 96
Applewhite, Sgt. Thos. D. 109
Floeckinger, Mrs .. F. C.
179
Floeckinger, Frank .C ..
50
Fomby, Ed S. ..
84
Fox, .Henry Samuel, Jr.
1.9
Bailey, Dr. J. F 138
Barnes, J. F. . 88
Bailey, Dr. E. Marvin. 138
.Garcia, C. M. A. 144
.Garitty, Capt. James 12
Barrow, T. H.
66
Giddings, D. C. 20
Giddings, Capt. D. C., Jr.
24
Gifford, F. E.
Gildersleeve, Dr. J. Ellen
139
Gilbert, John N. :
34
Glenn, H. C.
25
Batte, R. L. :
37
Barton, B. N. ..
67
Bennett, G. R.
74 146 23
Beretta, Mrs. J. K. ...
172
Bittick, H. A. 87
Blackshear, R. K.
249
Bliem, Mrs. M. J.
177
Blevins, Jacques E 40
Blitz, Julian Paul 141
Bloor, Col. A. W. 101
Booth, Capt. C. H.
34
Brackenridge, Miss M. Eleanor
163
Brickey, G. S.
75
Brown, Dr. George H. 95
Brown, Miss Ethel Hickerson 144
Breed, Dwight E.
41
Brogan, Miss Josephine 180
Bruyere, E. H. 73
Byrne, Rt. Rev. C. E.
92
Bujac, Mrs. Emma J.
144
Burkhart, Frank Pierce 111
Burnett, S. G. 72
Burke, Maj. Jack R.
90
Campbell, Judge J. D. 77
Caffall, David M.
80
Cardenas, Henry A. 108
Capers, Rt. Rev. W. T.
89
Carrington, John B. 75
Carleton, Harry L. 41
Carriere, Wm. Sidney 106
Cathriner, Joe 83
Chaison, Mr. and Mrs. Charles J.
170
Clavin, Dr. Edward Cole
45
Clark, Harry C. 106
Clayton, Mrs. R. C. 178
Clement, Mrs. Pearl Green 176
Cowart, Lieut. William B. 103
Cook, Dr. Clara G. 46
Coleman, B. P. 68 Coleman, Mrs. T. A. 175
Collier, Dr. J. L
50
Collin, S. C ..
87
Connally, Dr. H. F.
Conring, Miss E. Emma
145
Crotty, Harold E. 229
Crumpler, Dr. W. E. 47
D'Anton, Mme. 231
Daugherty, J. S.
93
Davis, Dr. D. W. 138
Davis, Edward S.
83
Denney, J. R. 89
de Sosa, Polidoro 106
Dickinson. Beverly S 7€
Dobbyn, Prof. Wm. R. 89
Downs, P. L. 25
Drossaerts, Rt. Rev. Arthur J. 92
Dunlap, Judge O. E. 23
Duller, Col. David M. 101
Dycus, A. W. 76
Eifler, Wmn. 64
Eilers, A. J., Sr. 85
Eilers, A. J., Jr. 105
Eilers, Mckean L. 105
Evans, Mrs. Francese A. H. 181
LaFon, W. E. 72
Landa, Mrs. Harry 167
Lane, Sergt. Wilber F. 109
Latimer, S. O.
69
Lang, O. C.
41
Green, A. N.
22
Green, Charles L.
111
Griswold, Mrs. John Case
175
Hahl, Mrs. C. W. 178
·Hahl, Charles W.
64
Hampton, Lieut. Win. 102
Harvey, Miss Evelyn 142
Harrell, C. C. - 88
Hart, L. J. . 29
Hart, Mrs. L. J. 166
72
Heckman, Rev. P. A.
92
Heinzelman, G. W.
144
Heldenfels, F. W.
91
Heldenfels, C. A.
91 91 86
Herff, W. L.
22
Herff, Ferdinand
22
Henderson, T. S.
76 81 162
Hofheinz. O. G.
66
Hogg. Mrs. F. B.
177
Hogg, Miss Marie Louise
177 48
Holman. Miss E. Alice
142
Horne, Dr. Tracy B.
139
Horton, Capt. Chas. K.
105
Howe, Mrs. Antonio Fonte 145
Hughen, Thos. W. 69
Hughes, Bert 80
Irby, Ben
68
Ireson, J. E.
79
Jackson, Mrs. J. A. 25
Johnson, W. E. .
25
Jackson, Col. Wm. E. 101
48
Jarrett, J. E. .
83
Jones, Jesse H. 18
45
Kalkhurst, A. E. 78
Kautz, R. A.
85
Kautz, William H.
3.5
Kelly, Mrs. M. B.
175
Kelling, H. A. 23
Kennedy, Ed. 135
Kidd, Capt. Geo. W. 35
King, Frederick 141
Kirby, John Henry 17
Klaus, Peter A. 107
Kreisle, Dr. M. F. 49
Kreisle, Edwin C. 73
Kuhlman, Capt. Charles T.
100
Gorjux, Hector
142
Gorman, Edwin M.
111
Graham, John Bert
146
Bettis, August
Graham, Mrs. John Wesley, Jr.
143
Beretta, J. K. ..
Grammier, J. E.
71
Graves, Mrs. Amos
173
Barlow, W. A. 77
Bates, Mrs. L. S. 172
86
Bathrick, Dr. Rose. 139
Bashara, Sam . F. 38
Batte, Mrs. R. L. 169
Fenwick, Miss Marin B. 175
Ferguson, Dr. E. C. 46
Fincham, Mrs. Charles T. 179
Fisher, Mrs. Rebecca 176
Flato, .Victor 107
Arlitt, J. L.
36
Archer, R. C.
77
Fraser, Lieut. Alexander H.
102
Barrow, Dr. R. S. 46
Brackenridge, George W.
Heldenfels, Bros. Shipyards
Henderson, Roy C.
Hill, M. C.
Hobby, Mrs. W. P.
Hoke, Dr. H. E.
Jackson, Dr. T. T.
Harrison, Robert
4
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS-Continued
Lambert, Travis
69
Scarbrough, E. M.
65
Leaming, Clark
146
Schram, Maj. Peter
100
Leap, Mrs. Harry
145
Schuerenberg, F. W 220
Lefkowsky, Benjamin
89
Schuerenberg, R. A ...
220
Schuerenberg, Mrs. R. A 220
Schumacher, Rt. Rev. Matthew.
92
Schram, Albert C. Schneider, L. J ...
180
Luter, Dr. Wm. E.
46
Scott, Mrs. G. R.
176
Scruggs, Charles W
81
Sevier, Mrs. Clara Driscoll.
164
Marse, T. W.
Marshall, Dr. W. A. 95
Sievers, Prof. G. A
147
Marshall, John S. 73
Marshall, Mrs. J. S.
179
Singleton, Joseph W
84
Smith, Mrs. J. T.
172
Smith, J. Dixie ...
76
Smiley, George Thomas.
78
Memorial Tablet Main Ave High School.
110
Smith, R. E.
68
Smith, William Harry
147
Miller, Jacob A.
108
Smith, Goodhue
79
Smith, Ross
112
Spencer, Dr. P. G.
96 73
Mosby, J. B.
66
Montgomery, J. Max
68
Stauffer, Mrs. Floyd F
179 79 67
McCracken, Lieut. Irvine Murdock
110
McFarland, J. N.
70
McGarity, Mrs. Bessie
178
MeGarity, Miss Blanche
171
MeGarity, Clemons
81
MeGarity, Mrs. Clemons 178
Mckinnon, Eldred
251
75
Naggier, Victor S.
72
Neil, Ernest A.
113
New, Dr. J. M.
96
Nichols, Dr. J. R.
49
Oelkers, W. G. 79
Ogden, Capt. Ira C. 98
Olive, Dr. Roy A.
50
Palmer, C. V.
90
Parker, Wm. A.
78
Parker, Burney
74
Parsons, Dr. A. W. 229
Peairs, Capt. Herbert 100
Peairs, Mrs. Adele. 145
Peck, Mrs. Hal. M. 180
Peeler, A. J. 26
Peeler, John L.
76
Pfaeflin, Herman 21
Phillip, Bruno 110
Pike, John L. 84
Pinder, Sergt. Thomas Edwin. 109
Pizzi, S. G.
235
Poindexter, Dr. W. D. 96
146
Price, T. P. . 90
Proctor, Doak C.
41
Pryor. Miss Nelle Estill 172
Ray, Dr. Charles W.
49
Reed, M. H
Reynolds, William C 107
Riley, Mrs. F. L 174
Rightor, Fred Elmer 74
Reinhold, Herbert Oral 113
Robertson, Dr. G. P. 95
Roark, Geo. J. 77
Roddy, Dr. Wm 139
Roberts, Col. Oscar Edwin.
24
Roberts, J. D
71
Roberdeau, Maj. R. C 21
Rogers, J. A.
90
Romberg, W. A
Rotan, Edward
22
Royall, J. N 83
Ryan, Mrs. Virginia. 147
:
Sarran, Sergt. Edmond Louis, Jr. 104
Sarran, David A 104
Sarran, Robert Lee 104
Sarran, Theodore P 104
Young, Dr. T. W
47
Wroe, H. A 14
Wroe, S. K 80
Wroten, George F
80
26 24
Womack, E. L ..
Wood, Corp. Thomas W
112
Wood, Dr. W. A.
48
Woolsey, Dr. Samuel Albert 49
Wood, Dr. R. Spencer.
48
Wiggins, Virgil W
82
Wilson, Dr. Homer T 45
Will, Miss Marjorie E. 178
Wilcox, J. G
88
Wilkerson Albert W. 251
Williams, J. H. W 66
Williams, Corp. Lawson G.
107
Williams, L. D
21
Windrow, Rollen J
81
Wiswell, W. W.
71
Weed, V. O.
71
Whitaker, Lieut. Henry .A.
102
33 Wiggins, J. Vinson.
82
Wiggins, John Hundley.
82
Walton, Maj. Alexander Y
101
Walker, Marshall T . 87
Warren, Mrs. Lillian Wiggins. 82
Warren, W. H .. 249
Washburne, J. H
84
Weadock, Leo H.
226
Terrell, Dr. Frederick.
23
Thompson, Lieut. Robert Eckford. 99
Thompson, J. A
13
Tobin, John H.
32
Townsend, Mrs. E. R 103
Townsend, Dr. E. R. 103
Turner, Jamies W
106
Vaughan, Dr. E. W.
88
Vaughan, Dr. B. H. 47
Villemain, William Joseph 108
Voss, W. H ..
78
64 165
Stebbins, E. O.
85
Stephens, Dr. C. E
95
Stock, Peter
86
Stoddard, Miss Charlotte
176
Stock, Lieut. G. F.
103
Stromberg, Dr. E. W. 50
Sullivan, Mrs. Austin E
180
Stump, Leroy G.
75
Swearingen, Dr. M
17
Syers, William D. 67
Sykes, Dr. E. M. 4.5
Syers, Mrs. W. D.
168
Staehely, Walter
70
MeCampbell, Mrs. J. B.
177
Staffel, Lieut. Felix
102
Stancliff, C. H.
Stevens, Mrs. John J.
142
Simpson, Alfred R
108
Meyers, Capt. Hadyn Potter 100
Meerscheidt, Miss Martha 141
Memorial to American Heroes
136
Meyer, Sergt. Emil A ..
109
Minor, Lieut. Farrell Dabney, Jr.
103
Moore, Bart
69
Montgomery, Roe L.
67
Staacke, August
Stacy, Wm. H.
105
Lipscomb, Abner E.
111
21
Lovell, M W.
74
Scroggins, Mrs. Helen Linscott.
Mack, J. O. . 30-31
Madison, Mrs. Clara Duggan 141
86
Lewis, Dr. W. A.
138
Littlefield, George W.
15
Seymour, Mrs. Stella H
Sprecher, C. A
Tennant, Roy Irving 70
Terrell, Percy
Wallace, Miss Zuma. 147
Price, Mrs. J. L.
141
McLane, Robert
5
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
To Our
Loyal Texas Heroes and Heroines
of the World War
Who made the Supreme Sacrifice
and to those
Whose deeds of conspicuous gallantry were so signally enacted for the freedom of the World and the Liberation of Humanity, this Volume is affectionately dedicated.
6
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
PREFACE
In the production of this authoritative work, with the valu- able assistance of our most progressive citizens, we have en- deavored to maintain high standards in every respect and evolve something of real merit and worthy of the commenda- tion of all who are interested in the advancement of Texas.
This volume includes only a portion of the great State of Texas. Our next edition will be devoted to other cities and sections not included herein.
The object of the work is three-fold in its nature: To place before the people of the United States reliable historical, edu- cational, social, biographical, financial, industrial and general information which will exert a powerful influence in behalf of Texas by making known in a most effective way, her many at- tractive advantages, great undeveloped natural resources, in- dustrial development and opportunities, remarkable financial strength, excellent educational facilities, social refinement and splendid type of citizenship .... The resultant effect of this will inevitably be the enrollment, under the banner of the great Lone Star State, of additional desirable citizens, active capital and thriving industries, for the upbuilding of our State and the increasing of prosperity within our borders.
To preserve, in the libraries and homes of Texas, a permanent record of our progress along various lines and a fair represen- tation of the men and women identified with our commercial, professional and social activities at this time .... The great his- torical value of this book to the future generations of Texans is beyond realization at the present time.
To make imperishable the splendid records of our patriotic men and women who thrust aside their own interests and put on the Armor of Service and Sacrifice in the recent great strug- gle for the liberation of humanity, and also to create a lasting memorial which will perpetuate, in the libraries of the Nation and in the historical organizations, public libraries and homes of Texas, the names of our noble Texas heroes who made the supreme sacrifice of their lives that we may have freedom
7
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
The credit for the existence of this book and all the good it will accomplish in various ways, at home and abroad, is due to those loyal, public-spirited, patriotic Texans shown herein as the creators of it. Much praise is due those who by their pat- ronage made possible the production of this splendid edition.
In justice to those having personal representation herein, we wish to state that no one was included in this work biographi- cally or pictorially at his or her own request, but only because of having been favorably passed upon, as to eligibility, by a local Selective Advisory Committee.
THE BIOGRAPHICAL SECTION gives concise, conservative data regarding bankers, educators, attorneys, officials, manu- facturers, physicians, dentists and other professional and busi- ness men and women, constituting a reliable record reflecting credit upon our citizenship.
PHOTO ILLUSTRATIONS of Texans identified with various professional, social, musical, educational, civic and commercial activities are shown to make better known to the citizens of our entire State those entitled to this recognition and also to serve as a most effective and dignified introduction of them to the people of other States. This feature adds a phase of deep hu- man interest not otherwise obtainable.
THE SOCIAL REGISTER contains a carefully selected list of names passed upon favorably, as to eligibility, by thoroughly competent local Selective Social Committees. This registration is complimentary and above price.
THE HONOR ROLL of the Military Section perpetuates all the available names of those brave Texans who so heroically fought and made the supreme sacrifice of their lives, in the re- cent great World War.
In the MILITARY SECTION due recognition is given for the valor, heroism, sacrifices and effective service rendered by our patriotic men and women.
To our patrons and the many Chambers of Commerce, Mer- chants' Associations, Banks, Officials and others who by their effective co-operation assisted in the great success of this un- dertaking, we take this means of expressing our grateful ap- preciation. THE PUBLISHERS.
8
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
GEORGE W. BRACKENRIDGE Capitalist Philanthropist. Founder of the San Antonio National Bank and Served as its President for over Forty-eight Years Donor of Brackenridge Park, San Antonio, and Other Princely Gifts for Public Benefaction San Antonio
9
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
TEXAS AND ITS RESOURCES
Written Especially for the Standard Blue Book By JAMES Z. GEORGE
Vice President and General Manager Texas Chamber of Commerce, Dallas
THE wealth of Texas consists in a large part in land. The State ranks first in total area and in 1910 fifth in population. At the time the census of 1910 was taken there were 167,937,720 acres of total land area. Of this amount 27,360,666 acres were improved farm lands.
Surface features of the State are: The low coastal plains, the more level rolling timber country, the plateaus and high plains region and the mountain base region of the trans-Pecos country. Over the greater part of the State the rainfall is sufficient to in- sure a successful grain crop without irriga- tion. The normal annual precipitation ranges from 50 inches along the eastern boundary to about 10 inches in the western counties. Irrigation is practiced extensively in the rice growing counties on and near the Gulf of Mexico and in the localities in the valleys of the Rio Grande and Pecos Rivers, where the annual precipitation is light.
Population. The population of Texas in 1909 was 3,896,542, an increase of 27.8 per cent from 1899 to 1909. At that rate of in- crease the present population would be 4,- 779,780; however, the rate of increase was undoubtedly greater on account of the in- creased activities in oil fields and industrial lines that brought an influx of people from other sections of the country. In 1910 75.9 per cent of the people of the State lived on farms or in cities or villages with a popula- tion less than 2500. This was a decrease of 7 per cent as compared to the census of 1900. The wage-earners of the State number 70,230 according to the last census report, and were employed by 4588 establishments.
Railways. Transportation facilities of the State are exceptionally good. In 1918 there were 15,739 miles of railway track, not counting logging roads, tramways, inter- urban and other lines not meeting the re- quirements of common carriers. At that time there were 116 railroad companies op- erating in the State.
Agriculture. Texas was the only State in the Union which in 1919 produced more than a billion dollars' worth of agricultural products. The census of 1919 indicated that there were at that time 417,770 farms, 47.4
per cent of which were operated by owners. The average per acre value of farm land at that time was $14.53. Texas in 1919 led all other States in the production of "King Cotton" and ranked third in the production of "King Corn."
Cotton. The 1919 crop is estimated as 3,064,977 bales, valued at more than $536,- 374,000. This is more than one-fifth of the total estimated production of the United States. During the season of 1918 and 1919, it is estimated that 1,637,783 bales of cotton were sent to Great Britain, France and other continental ports from Texas. Texas has the world's great cotton port. During Novem- ber of 1919, 418,000 bales were shipped from this port.
Corn. The 1919 corn crop for the State of Texas was 202,800,000 bushels, valued at $239,304,000. This was an increase of about 137,000,000 bushels as compared to the crop of 1918. Only two other States had higher total yields than this.
The State ranks third in oats production, eighth in winter wheat production and sec- ond in broom corn and peanuts. One-twelfth of the sweet potatoes in the United States in 1919 were produced in Texas. Texas leads all other States in production of grain sorg- hum, producing twice as much as the two States with the next largest yield and a little less than one-half the total production of the United States. Texas also produced more than one-seventh of the total rice produced in this country ; the 1919 crop was 6,998,000 bushels, valued at $19,500,000.
Records of the United States Bureau of Markets show that shipments of produce from Texas to out-of-State markets during 1919 totaled more than 13,662 car loads.
Live Stock. Texas in 1919 ranked third in aggregate value of live stock. The total value of cattle, hogs, sheep, horses and mules is estimated as being $572,000,000. The esti- mated value of meat animals in the State is $348,000,000. Only two States have more horses than Texas. There are 1,199,000,valued at $115,104,000. This State has more mules than any State in the Union, the total being just a little less than the total mules in Geor- gia and Missouri combined. Texas mules
10
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
have a total value of $109,760,000. The dairy eows in this State number 1,138,000, valued at $87,626,000. Beef cattle number 4,458,000, valued at $186,344,000. Texas has more than 2,790,000 sheep, valued at $27,621,000. The wool elip in 1919 was more than 14,000,000 pounds. Most of the Texas wool is shipped to Eastern markets, shipments being made by water. It is estimated that Texas will produce in 1920 more than 1,575,000 pounds of mohair, worth at least $945,000. It is estimated that Texas produced in 1919 more than one-half of the mohair produeed in the United States. In 1919 in Texas there were 2,356,000 hogs, valued at $45,942,000.
Industrial. The 1914 Census of Manufac- turers indicated that at that time there were 5084 manufacturing establishments in the State, employing more than 78,850 people. The total eapital invested was $283,545,000, and total value of produets was $361,279,000.
In manufacturing may be found one of the largest items of the State's wealth.
Banks. There are 1708 banks in the State, with total resourees of more than $1,414,- 920,080. In 1880 there were only thirteen National banks, with total eapital of but $1,300,000; today there are 552, with total resourees of $965,855,000. On February 28, 1920, there were 964 State banks, with total resourees of $411,165,080. In 1906, there were only 136 sueh banks, with capital stock of little more than $4,875,000. There are also in the State 192 private banks, with resourees approximately $37,900,000.
Oil. It has been estimated that more than $600,000,000 has been invested in oil in Cen- tral Texas alone and that $200,000,000 has been invested in this industry in the coastal fields, a total of $800,000,000. In 1889 the production of oil in the State was only 148 barrels. In 1919 it was 96,000,000 barrels. The total production of the State to date is more than 417,000,000 barrels. During 1919 there were 3347 wells in North Texas alone. More than one-fourth of the oil refined in the United States is refined in Texas. In January, 1920, there were operating and un- der construction 100 refineries. It has been estimated that the sum paid to Texas land owners for oil leases in the new fields is more than $1,000,000,000.
Lumber. The most recent figures show that Texas has 427 saw mills operating on a year 'round basis and that, in addition, there are 314 smaller mills operating through
a portion of each year. The lumber output in 1918 was 1,350,000 board feet; the grad- ual deerease during the three-year period being caused primarily by war conditions and war-time restrictions on building and not by any scarcity of standing timber. It is estimated that the eut for 1919 will run 1,500,000,000 board feet. It is also estimated that Texas has about 25,000,000,000 feet of merehantable pine timber and 10,000,000,000 feet of mercantile hardwood timber. About 23,000 persons are employed in the lumber industry. The value of lumber manufactur- ed in Texas annually is over $40,00,000. The eapital invested in this industry is computed to be between $30,000,000 and $35,000,000; 65 to 70 per eent of the lumber manufactur- ed in Texas is used by Texas eitizens .; the remainder is shipped northward, and for the most part finds markets in Kansas, Okla- homa, Iowa, Illinois and adjacent States. A relatively small amount of lumber is being shipped abroad from the ports of Orange and Port Arthur. The citizens of Texas use fully as mueh lumber as is manufactured in the State, and an export supply is available because the Panhandle and other parts of West Texas have quite a lot of fir lumber shipped in from the Pacific coast and North- west. Praetieally all the timber in Texas suitable for production of lumber is found in the eastern part of the State. The lum- ber industry in Texas ranks first in number of wage-earners, second in number of estab- lishments and fourth in value of products, aeeording to the United States Census of Manufacturers for 1914. Texas has about 25,000,000 aeres of land covered by tree growth, or more than any other State.
Coal and Lignite. There are at this time eleven coal mines and thirty-seven lignite mines operating in the State. The daily out- put from the 17 coal shafts is estimated as being 1000 tons, very little of which goes to the general public, as most of it is used by the railroads. The 37 lignite mines operate through 37 shafts. The general supply of coal is taken as 8,000,000,000 tons, and the total workable area being about 8200 square miles, with additional area of about 5300 square miles in which available seams may be found. There are about 60,000 square miles in which lignite abounds. This is nearly one- half the total known lignite area in the United States. The general supply of lignite is taken as 30,000,000,000 tons. There has been a remarkable growth in the lignite in- dustry during the past few years. In 1904
11
1
THE STANDARD BLUE BOOK-TEXAS
the output was estimated as little more than 421,500 tons. In 1913 it was 1,144,515 tons. Lignite is used for the most part as fuel un- der stationary boilers, but about 20 per cent of the production goes for making gas to be sent to gas engines. It is also used in hollow tile works for imparting porosity to the tile as well as to add strength.
Clay Products. In 1913 the State was ninth in production of common brick and sixth in value, eighth in production of front brick and sixth in value, and eleventh in sewer pipe production. In 1916 it was estimated that the value of clay products produced in this State had reached $50,000,000 or more.
Sulphur. Texas and Louisiana together produce 99 per cent of the sulphur produced in the United States. The bulk of that pro- duced in Texas is shipped by water to East- ern fertilizer manufacturing concerns. The principal deposits in Texas are found in salt dunes of the Gulf coast plains. Freeport is the greatest sulphur district of the South. reports from the United States Tariff Con- mission, published in 1919, indicate that there are two companies in Texas and one in Louisiana. Up until January 1, 1919, this commission reported that two companies produced practically all of the sulphur in this country, one company in Texas and the other in Louisiana. since then, however, a third large producing company has begun operating in Texas.
Silica. There are two companies in Texas producing silica suitable for manufacturing glass. One of these companies is at Santa Anna and the other at Athens. The sand produced at Santa Anna compares very fa- vorably with the very best sand produced in the Oklahoma-Texas territory. The deposit at Santa Anna is described by Professor J. A. Udden, of the University of Texas, as be- ing very fine in texture and almost soft enough to be termed pack sand. In many places it is very pure. Sand for the manu- facture of bottle glass, according to Profes- sor Udden, can probably be obtained in our
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