USA > Indiana > Brown County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 4
USA > Indiana > Monroe County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 4
USA > Indiana > Morgan County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 4
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NOVEMBER, 1868.
TOWNSHIPS.
REPUB- LICAN.
DEMO- CRAT.
TOTAL.
Grant and Seymour Colfax. and Blair.
Washington.
372
252
624
Jackson
182
172
354
Green
47
234
281
Harrison
46
33
79
Madison
60
159
219
Brown
230
99
329
Monroe
286
23
309
Adams
125
116
241
Clay
214
55
269
Gregg
159
46
205
Ashland
70
109
179
Jefferson.
139
75
214
Ray
75
53
128
Baker.
42
34
76
Total
2047
1460
3507
Majority.
587
30
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
Great opposition had been brought to bear upon the administration of Gen. Grant. He was severely criticised by the opposing party in the various departments, especially in his financial management of the country and in the civil service. Many Republicans were dissatisfied with his management of the finances, and attributed the hard times to his adminis- tration. The result was that many Republicans and Democrats united to defeat his re-election in 1872. The following is the result in this county :
NOVEMBER, 1872.
TOWNSHIPS.
REPUB- LICAN. Grant and Wilson.
LIBERAL REPUB- LICAN OR DEMO- CRAT.
Greeley and Brown.
Washington
398
349
Jackson.
189
180
Green ..
37
196
Harrison.
38
43
Madison.
49
146
Brown
244
129
Clay
207
82
Monroe
290
41
Adams
114
135
Gregg.
156
42
Ray
112
70
Jefferson.
142
63
Baker
42
34
Ashland.
82
123
Total
2100
1633
Majority
467
Seventeen votes were cast in the county for the Bourbon Democratic ticket-O'Connor and Julian. From this vote it will be seen that the Republican majority had begun to decline. This was encouraging to the Democracy. Soon after this, the Greenback or Independent party sprang into life. Its origin was mainly due to the hard times resulting from the depreciation of values in endeavoring to return to a specie basis, and to strong opposition to national banks, and to the refunding of the Government bonded debt. The old parties were divided by about the same old issues. The result in the county was as follows :
31
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
NOVEMBER, 1876.
TOWNSHIPS.
REPUB- LICAN. Hayes and Wheeler.
DEMO- CRAT. Tilden and Hendricks
GREEN- BACK. Cooper and Cary.
Washington.
421
386
48
Jackson
194
210
5
Green.
28
213
31
Harrison
40
43
10
Madison.
55
144
10
Clay.
276
141
4
Monroe
126
150
6
Gregg
144
91
9
Jefferson
111
109
4
Ray
139
71
2
Baker
45
45
4
Ashland.
85
130
Total
2167
1889
146
Majority
278
This was a still greater reduction of the Republican majority. The Republican candidates were seated by an electoral commission ; and the successful financial management in returning to a specie basis and the general prosperity of the country were the causes which elected the Re- publican candidates in 1880. The Greenback party had become quite strong. The attack upon the national banks and upon Government bonds was continued, and a reform was demanded in the civil service. The election resulted as follows :
NOVEMBER, 1880.
TOWNSHIPS.
REPUB- LICAN. Garfield. and Arthur.
DEMO- CRAT. Hancock and English,
GREEN- BACK. Weaver and Chambers.
Adams.
131
157
5
Ashland
90
150
1
Baker.
48
50
2
Brown.
275
153
6
Clay
208
117
18
Green
34
217
29
Gregg.
154
89
11
Harrison
62
46
6
Jackson.
217
216
8
Jefferson
130
107
2
Madison
51
147
6
Monroe
346
45
2
Ray.
139
83
2
Washington.
506
469
35
Total
2391
2046
133
Majority.
345
111
7
Brown
321
45
6
Adams
182
32
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
Since this election, the Republican majority has been considerably reduced. The Democrats are confident of carrying the county in November, 1884.
POPULATION OF THE COUNTY.
The estimated population of the county in the summer of 1820 was 250. In 1830, the population was 5,593; in 1840, 10,741; in 1850, 14,576; in 1860, 16,110; in 1870, 17,528; and, in 1880, 18,899. John Vawter was the census taker in 1820.
THE ANTI-SLAVERY MOVEMENT.
In 1840, the Quakers living in the northern part of the county or- ganized the Westfield Monthly Meeting of Anti-slavery Friends, at the head of which were John Doan, Robert Doan, Eli J. Sumner, David Doan, George Hadley, John B. Hadley, John Pfoff, William Hadley, W. E. Carter, Asa Bales and many others. The Doans were especially active in the movement. Before the organization of the meeting, back early in the thirties, strong ground was taken in opposition to slavery. Mr. Sum- ner, yet living at Mooresville, claims to have made the first anti-slavery speech in the county. It was in a debate in a schoolhouse northwest of Mooresville in 1835, with Rev. Mitchell, a Presbyterian minister, who had come from Tennessee. The minister affirmed the right of slavery and brought forward the Bible to sustain his position, but Mr. Sumner managed to head him off with the same powerful authority, and was awarded the victory by the judges. Late in the forties and during the fifties this society helped off scores of colored refugees who were traveling by the Underground Railroad from stripes and bondage to the free soil of the dominion of the British Queen. Many others in different parts of the county were similarly engaged. In 1848, an organization was ef- fected, and a county free-soil ticket put in the field, but the vote was less than 100.
COMMON AND GRAVELED ROADS.
The acts of Congress early provided that five per centum of the pro- ceeds of the sale of Government land in Indiana should be used to con- struct and maintain roads and canals, three-fifths of such percentage to be expended by the Legislature, and the remaining two-fifths by Congress. The three-fifths of the five per centum became known as the "Three Per Cent Fund," and was a Godsend to the early settlers, as it constituted al- most their entire revenue for the construction of State and county roads. The county was no sooner organized than the first installment of the fund was received from the Auditor of State, and immediately expended upon the first roads of the county. After many years, when this fund had become well-nigh exhausted from the decrease in the sale of land, other funds were devised, collected and expended. Early in the fifties, sev- eral corporate organizations were effected for the construction and main- tenance of toll and graveled roads, among those in the sixties being Clear Creek Gravel Road Company, Monrovia & Bellville Gravel Road Com- pany, Monrovia & Hall Gravel Road Company, Brooklyn Gravel Road Company, Mooresville & Monrovia Gravel Road Company, White River Valley Gravel Road Company, and others. Later, several others were
38
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
projected and built. Within the last five years, there have been con- structed at county expense the following gravel roads : Martinsville & Rec- ord's Ferry Gravel Road, five miles long, estimated cost, $6,042; the Martinsville & Mahalasville Gravel Road, six miles long, estimated cost $7,820; the Taggart Station & Monroe County Line Gravel Road, two and a third miles long, estimated cost $7,000; the Morgantown & Johnson County Line Gravel Road, one and a half miles long, estimated cost $1,700. The total estimated cost of the four roads is $22,562; the county has three or four toll roads owned by private corporations now in operation.
RAILROADS.
. The old Martinsville & Franklin Flat-bar Railroad was built in 1847-52, and the first cars came to the former place in the spring of 1853. The grading of the road was done almost wholly by citizens along the route, and when this was completed the Madison & Indianapolis Company fitted it with iron and rolling stock, and operated it for about five years, when the further running of trains was abandoned. At the close of the rebell- ion, Gen. Burnside obtained possession of the road, put down T-rails, put on a good class of rolling stock, and extended the road to Fairland in Shelby County. After running a few years, the road again went down, but some time afterward passed into the possession of certain New York parties, and from them to the present management-the C., I., St. L. & C. Company.
About the year 1853, the New Albany & Salem Company projected the present Indianapolis & Vincennes road, and graded it through the greater portion of the present length, and probably wholly through Mor- gan County. But there, for some reason, the work was abandoned. At the close of the war, Gen. Burnside secured control, and fitted the road, mostly on the old grade, with suitable rolling stock. The old grade was on the opposite side of the river from Martinsville. About the time Gen. Burnside assumed control, the citizens of Morgan County donated $50,- 000 toward completing the road, with the proviso that the old grade should be used. This offer was accepted by the company. But soon after this Martinsville and vicinity came to the front, and offered the com- pany $30,000 to cross the river, and locate a depot in the town, which offer was accepted, and the road, thus altered, was completed. But the citizens who had donated the $50,000, declaring that the contract between them and the company, providing that the rolling stock should be upon the old bed had been violated, refused to pay their donations, and suit was brought to collect the amounts. After several years of lawing, a compro- mise was effected, whereby one-half the donation was to be paid, but as a matter of fact only about $15,000 of the $50,000 was received by the company. Martinsville and vicinity had paid the $30,000 according to contract. A few years ago the road was leased by the Pennsylvania Company.
THE COUNTY PRESS.
The first newspaper published in Morgan County was established at Martinsville early in the forties by James Richards. The sheet was a small folio, was printed often upon paper obtained from the stores in
34
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
town, and upon a small wooden press, and was non-partisan. It con- tained considerable news and was conducted a year or more, and then abandoned. The second paper was established at Mooresville during the summer of 1846 by Thomas L. Worth. It was a five-column folio, with columns fully half an inch wider than the usual size, and was non-par- ' tisan. It was called the Mooresville Chronicle, and cost "$2 per year when produce was taken and ten per centum off for cash in advance." In 1851 or 1852, it was removed to Martinsville, where the name was changed to Morgan County Gazette. Mr. Worth issued it irregularly until the 12th of May, 1855, when it was purchased by Edwin W. Callis, who enlarged it to a six-column folio, and fixed the subscription at $1.25 per annum. During the political excitement late in the fifties, and dur- ing the war of 1861 to 1865, the paper under Mr. Callis exerted un ex- tremely powerful influence over affairs in the county. Its Republicanism and loyalty to the Government were of the most ardent character. In 1857, J. W. Howard was connected with the Gazette. T. F. Orner was associated with Mr. Callis from June, 1857, until the latter part of 1858 or the early part of 1859. A. A. Barrakman was his associate in 1861 and 1862; W. H. Smith during the first years of the rebellion, and J. V. Mitchell for twenty months, beginning in October, 1870. In 1870, the politics of the paper became Independent, and were subsequently gradu- ally changed to Democratic. Several other important changes were made. In about 1874, A. and L. O. Callis, daughters of Mr. Callis, became own- ers and publishers of the paper, Mr. Callis still remaining editor and manager. The paper is now owned and published by Lizzie O. Callis, present State Librarian, and is edited by Mr. Callis, the veteran printer who has been at its head for twenty-seven consecutive years. The paper is the Democratic organ of the county, is ably managed, has a large, use- ful circulation and a liberal advertising and job work patronage, and is a credit to the editor and the Democracy of the county.
In July, 1856, P. S. Parks and C. S. Hilbourne established at Mar- tinsville a Democratic newspaper called the Morgan County Monitor. The sheet was a six-column folio, and was an able and earnest advocate of the Democratic principles of that stormy period. After a few years, various changes were made in the ownership and management, all of which cannot be given here. The paper was called the Clarion during the war. John Storey was connected with it during the early stages of the rebellion. Hilbourne severed his connection with it in 1862 or 1863. Leonard H. Miller published the sheet in 1863, secured a large circula- tion and the proceeds thereof, and then decamped, it is said, between sun- set and sunrise. About July, 1863, the name was changed to Morgan County Express. During the latter part of the war, and later, the paper was owned and managed by W. B. Burns and B. H. Bainbridge. About the year 1867 the paper was discontinued. Under some of the manage- ments, the paper was bright, newsy, and exerted a strong influence over the politics of the county. Under other managements, it led a precarious existence, and was suspended for short periods.
Soon after the Gazette left the Republican party, in 1869 or 1870, the prominent members of that party, feeling lost without an organ, raised a subscription of about $800, and advertised for a practical printer
-
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
1271366
to come on and found a new paper at the county seat, and, accordingly, W. H. Eagle, of the Danville Union, answered the call, purchased with the money subscribed a full office outfit, and on the 11th of August, 1870, issued the first number of the Martinsville Republican, a seven- column folio newspaper. J. G. Bain became editor, though he had no pecuniary interest in the enterprise. Among those who had raised the funds to establish the paper were T. B. Mitchell, J. J. Johnston, J. R. Shelton, William Kennedy, J. R. McBride and a few others, in all about eight. The paper encountered the severest opposition from the Gazette and from the Democrats ; but after two years of incessant warfare, became well established, with a steadily increasing circulation. About the 1st of December, 1870, the entire office was sold to J. G. Bain and Henry Smock, the latter, having been a practical printer in Chicago, becoming publisher, and the former continuing as editor. About this time the paper became an eight-column folio. During the latter part of 1874, Mr. Smock sold his interest to Mr. Bain, since which time Shell Parks, C. S. Crary, G. W. Ryan, John D. Whitted and Elmer Whitted have been connected with the paper at different periods as writers, without owning an interest. In May, 1882, S. W. Macy began work upon the paper as associate editor, and is thus engaged at present. In the autumn of 1874, the sheet became a seven-column quarto, and in May, 1882, a six-column quarto, the entire paper being printed on the new steam cylinder power press purchased at that time at a total cost, including much new material, of over $1,200. This was the first steam press ever in the county, and is the only one up to the present. The paper is the official organ of the Republican party in the county, has a wide circulation and a satisfactory job and advertising patronage, and is ably edited and managed by Mr. Bain.
In about 1869 or 1870, Lang & Weil issued at Mooresville three numbers of a paper called the Vindicator, which then died for the want of breath. Prof. E. H. Dorland then took the office, with Benjamin Dakin, and the sheet was issued successfully for about a year and a half under the name Enterprise. P. T. Macy then bought the establishment, and James H. Burke became editor, conducting it thus two or three years, when Macy sold out to Charles McNichols, a young man yet in his teens, who made a failure of the enterprise within a year, and the prop- erty went back to Mr. Macy. Burke, who had gone to Ohio, came back and took charge of the editorial department, and the paper became the Herald. A. W. Handibo was connected with the office for a short time. About 1874, Burke bought the paper and continued it until 1877, and then sold out to E. F. Tennant, who ran the office until 18>0, when it went to a stock company and became the Monitor. A. W. Macy, now of the Martinsville Republican, became editor, but in September, 1881, retired, and was succeeded by W. A. Hunt, the present editor and man - ager. The paper has been Republican under all the managements, has at present a larger circulation than ever before, and has a fair job and advertising patronage.
Morgantown has enjoyed the luxury of several newspapers. In 1878. William D. and John Eves began to issue a small neutral sheet, called the Morgantown Cyclone. Unlike other storms of this nature, it created
36
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
no destruction of life or property. After continuing a year or two, the office was sold and removed to Brown County. After an interval, the same press was brought back, and George Allison, senior and junior, started a new neutral paper called the Morgantown Sunshine. It seemed so appropriate to have sunshine after a cyclone, that the contrast, as was thought, would be so welcome that all would take the paper and contrib- ute to its support. But the people seemed to love cyclone better than sunshine, possibly after the theory that evil deeds seek the darkness, and did not support the new paper as well as they did the old. The result was its suspension. It was revived by R. M. Dill during the political compaign of 1882, but it then died without prospect of future life. The office was removed during the summer of 1883. .
LIST OF RESIDENT ATTORNEYS.
Benjamin Bull, John Eakles, Larkin Reynolds, Sr., A. S. Griggs, Will- iam G. Quick, William R. Harris, William P. Hammond, Daniel Mc-, William W. Burns, Abraham A. Barrickman, Oliver R. Daugherty, Joseph Barwick, Bazil Champer, William S. Shirlet, F. P. A. Phelps, C. F. Mc- Nutt, George W. Grubbs, M. H. Parker, James H. Jordan, James V. Mitchell. The above are among the more prominent of the older attor- neys. A full list of the present legal practitioners will be found in another chapter of this volume. The leading lawyers of the county seat at pres- ent are F. P. A. Phelps, James V. Mitchell, James F. Cox, Levi Fer- guson, Cyrus E. Davis, H. A. Smock, George A. Adams, John S. New- by and A. W. Scott. Several of this number are young men just begin- ning the practice of law. They are steadily gaining a lucrative practice. A few attorneys of the town are long, lean and lank, pinched with slow starvation, but with no fault except a hopeless and conspicuous mediocri- ty. Mr. Cox is prominently mentioned in connection with the office of District Attorney. There is also a strong sentiment from the county De- mocracy to nominate him for Representative to the Legislature. No other man of the county could make a stronger canvass."
IMPORTANT LEGAL CASES.
Several important decisions have been rendered at Martinsville. In about 1852, a man named Flynn shot and killed Terrell. Before his trial he broke jail and escaped, and his wife was tried as accessory before the fact, and acquitted. A short time before the war, two men named Burns and Sloan became involved in a drunken quarrel, which resulted in the death of Sloan. Burns was tried and acquitted. During the war, a Mr. Killian shot and killed a Mr. Hatley, but upon trial was acquitted. A Mr. Gibson killed a man named Mann with a knife. Upon the first trial he was sent to the penitentiary for twenty-one years, but upon the second trial was acquitted. A few years ago two men named Price and Weamer, living at Morgantown, engaged in an angry altercation, when Weamer was killed by a blow on the head with a stone. Price was sent to the penitentiary for life. The Tull-Rabb divorce suit about twelve years ago attracted considerable attention. The celebrated divorce case of Abbie McFarland vs. Hugh McFarland was tried in 1869, at the Morgan County bar. It will be remembered that Hugh McFarland shot Albert
37
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
D. Richardson, the famous war correspondent of the New York Tribune, for alleged improper relations with Mrs. Abbie McFarland. This led to the divorce suit above mentioned, Mrs. McFarland then being a resi- dent of Martinsville. Other important cases might be mentioned.
EARLY JUSTICES OF THE PEACE.
The first Justices of the Peace in Morgan County commissioned by the Governor, were as follows: Larkin Reynolds, May, 1822; Samuel Reed, May, 1822; James Burris, May, 1822; Hiram Mathews, May, 1822; Samuel Scott, July, 1822; Samuel Jessup, 1823; Thomas Hen- ton, 1823; Josiah Drury, 1824; Benjamin Cutler, 1825; Thomas Reed, 1825; Jesse S. Rooker, 1825; Robert C. Stotts, 1825; William G. Lear, 1826; Barclay Burris, 1826; John Mathews, 1826; Abraham Fletcher, 1826; Samuel Wick, 1826; David Burris, 1827; Charles Ventreese, 1827; William Landers, 1827; Cyrus Whetzel, 1827; Ephraim Goss, 1827; Samuel Scott, 1827; Grant Stafford, 1827 ; Henry Rats, 1828; David Withers, 1828; Abraham Lafevre, 1828; Solomon Dunagin, 1828; Barclay Burris, 1828; William Bowles, 1828; William Ennis, 1828; James H. Lyon, 1829; Gideon Johnson, 1829; James Stotts, 1829; William Wilcox, 1829; Bernard Arnold, 1830; Thomas Hendeburgh, 1830; James Crawford, 1830; Mordecai D. Miller, 1830; Daniel G. Worth, 1830; David Withers, 1831; Francis Whitcher, 1831; William Burnett, 1831; George W. Baker, 1831; William Cox, 1831; Daniel Vest, 1832; Johnson Burris, 1832; James Newton, 1832; James W. Hayes, 1832; Scott W. Young, 1832; Joel Bean, 1833; Thomas McCarty, 1833; Charles B. Butler, 1833; Grant Stafford, 1833; Isaac D. Hoffman, 1833; Jacob Seachrist, 1833; Will- iam Scott, 1833; Andrew Shell, 1833; Henry W. Brayrale, 1833; Joseph Summers, 1833; William Ennis, 1834; William Bowles, 1834; Alfred Mathews, 1834; James De Moss, 1834; Philip A. Foxworthy, 1834; Nathan Langford, 1834; John Fee, 1834; Philip Zeigler, 1834; John W. Richards, 1834; Jacob Ellis, 1835; Gideon Johnson, 1835; Abraham Stutesman, 1836; Henry McAllister, 1836; Jesse Bradley, 1836; Edward Bowman, 1836; D. W. Howe, 1836; David Lake, 1836; James Blair, 1836; Thomas Donagan, 1836; John B. Maxwell, 1836; Robert A. Campbell, 1836.
COUNTY JUSTICES AND COMMISSIONERS.
The Justices of the Peace in the county served as a County Board until the fall of 1830, when three County Commissioners were elected. The names of the Justices may be seen on another page of this volume. The first County Commissioners were Joshua Taylor, B. Burris and Ezekiel Slaughter. Among other Commissioners of the thirties, forties and fifties, were Jonathan Lyon, Philip Hodges, G. W. Baker, B. Burris, John Hadley, Joshua Taylor, Hewett Nutter, Andrew Whitesett, Will- iam B. Taylor, John Hubbard, John Williams, Van R. King and Samuel Rooker. Later came Aaron St. John, Lemuel Gentry, Jacob Adams, John E. Greer, Rice E. Brown, Ephraim Hodges, C. Mathis; John Fesler, 1868; John L. Knox, 1869; John L. Knox, 1870; Joshua Wooden, 1870; John A. Watkins, 1871; Robert Smith, 1872; J. C.
38
HISTORY OF MORGAN COUNTY.
Rhea, 1873; Madison Avery, 1874; W. S. Beeson, 1875; Albert R. Taylor, 1876; W. M. Duckworth, 1877; Calvin Mathews, 1878; Will- iam Rinker, 1879; John K. Coffman, 1880; John F. Hadley, 1881 ; H. A. Staley, 1882; Thomas Singleton, 1883.
AUDITORS.
This was not a separate office until Benjamin Bull was elected and commissioned in about 1840; Milton Guthridge, 1844; Barclay Burrows, 1848; W. J. Manker, 1856; W. A. S. Mitchell, 1862 ; Robert Johnson, 1866 ; Salem A. Tilford, 1870 ; John Williams, 1874 ; William G. Bain, 1878; George W. Prosser, 1882.
CLERKS.
George H. Beeler, 1822; George A. Phelps, 1828; Hannibal R. Stevens, 1833, vice Phelps (deceased); Stephen McCracken, 1840; James Jackson, 1842; O. R. Daugherty, 1849; Jefferson K. Scott, 1855; * *
* J. J. Johnston, 1863; John Hardrick, 1867; Joseph W. Pearcy, 1870; Willis Record, 1872; Samuel K. Harryman, 1876 ; Thomas B. Mitchell, 1877 ; H. C. Hodges, 1878 ; John Hardrick, 1882.
RECORDERS.
George H. Beeler, 1822; G. A. Phelps, 1828; Hannibal R. Stevens, 1833; Stephen McCracken, 1840; Hiram T. Craig, 1857; J. W. Andrew, 1865; H. T. Craig, 1870; W. W. Kennedy, 1876 ; William G. Garrison, 1876; Henry H. Olds, 1882.
SHERIFFS.
James Bigger, January 1, 1822; Benjamin Cutler, January 16, 1822; Thomas L. Galpin, 1824; George A. Phelps, 1826; Thomas L. Galpin, 1828; Hiram W. Craig, 1830; Jonathan Williams. 1834; H. T. Craig, 1838 ; Jonathan Hunt, 1840; William Williams, 1842; Joseph M. Worthington, 1844; T. P. A. Phelps, 1846 ; Joseph Johnson, 1850; P. B. McCoy, 1851; Richard A. Williams, 1852; William Killian, 1856; William E. Tansey, 1859; Henry Sims, 1860; William Hynds, 1862; Willis Record, 1866; William W. Kennedy, 1870; Thomas Dixon, 1874; John C. Comer, 1878; Wiley S. Haltour, 1882.
SURVEYORS.
Charles Beeler, 1822; William Hadley, 1822;
* H. T. Craig, 1852; J. S. Hoagland, 1855; Caleb F. Greenwood, 1857 ; Jeremiah Hadley, 1859; Joseph T. Moore, 1861; Jonathan Hale, 1863; Benjamin T. Butler, 1865; Isaac Jones, 1874; William H. Miller, 1875; Edgar A. Bourne, 1878; Mathew Mathews, 1882; Spencer Hiatt, 1882.
TREASURERS.
James Shields, 1822; Noah Allison, 1825; John Sims, 1830; J. M. Mitchell, 1838; John A. Graham, 1844; * * * John R. Roberts, 1852; Allen H. Burrows, 1854; John L. Knox, 1856; Ebenezer Hen- derson, 1860; Jacob Adams, Sr., 1862; Jacob Adams, Sr., 1864; J.
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