USA > Indiana > Brown County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 68
USA > Indiana > Monroe County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 68
USA > Indiana > Morgan County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 68
Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org (link on the Part 1 page).
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* The old settlers state that this stream took its name from Ro-si-neah, an old chief of the Delawares, who, when the first settlement was made, was encamped in a large hollow sycamore tree on the bank of the stream, remaining there for some time. In speaking the name, accent the last syllable.
33
1
524
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
were assumed by the senior partner. Henry Baugh was alone in business about this time; also W. N. Anderson. Among the business men after- ward were Carter & Dunn, Mr. Waldrip, Julius Sues, Harmon & Buchanan, East & Deckard, Judy & Kinser, Oliphant & Pearson, Oliphant & Girton, Carmichael & Urmey, Oliphant & Woodward, Woolery & Wolf, Wolf & Son, Perdue & Wolf, Urmey & McFadden, Perdue & Woolery, Stevenson & Perdue, Woolery, Stevenson & Carmichael, H. C. Small- wood, Deckard, Anderson, Stevenson, J. W. Sears, Brown & Fields, Litzman, Deckard & Chambers, Kinser & Smallwood, W. Kinser, Granger's store, Strain & Woodward and perhaps others. Sutherland & Jones, beginning in 1853, did a large business in packing pork and ship- ping the same and grain down the creeks to the markets of the South. They sent out from eight to twelve boats each year and employed during the busy seasons forty or fifty men. The aggregate business per annum was little less than $100,000. This gave the appearance of great thrift to the little town, and induced many to locate there who otherwise would have passed on. Urmey & Isominger shipped grain by boat during the forties. The Urmey brothers did the same. Sutherland & Jones lost considerable money on pork, and were gradually forced from business though they paid their debts. Carmichael & Urmey in 18 11, began a big business in packing pork. The first year they packed 1,800 hogs. The business was increased so that forty men were employed, and as high as 3,500 hogs were slaughtered and packed in one season. Considerable wheat, corn and flour was bought and shipped also. The railroad had been completed in 1853, and this afforded a much better way of reaching market than by water. These men continued the business until 1877, when they failed, by reason of heavy losses, and compromised honorably with their creditors.
Among the leading industries which have flourished in the village was the distillery built and operated by Brown & Deckard, about 1865. Two stills were used, and the capacity of the distillery. was about twenty gallons daily. Chambers & Strain were afterward the owners. It operated until a short time ago. J. M. Anderson conducted an extensive cabinet factory, beginning early in the fifties. Stipp & Strain built the present grist mill in about 1866, at a cost of about $8,000. It afterward passed to Woolery, Stevenson & Co., and finally to John Stevenson, who yet owns and operates it. A large domestic patronage is enjoyed, and a limited merchant work done. Oliphant, Woodward & Carmichael built the woolen factory during or just at the close of the war-about 1864. The building and machinery cost $18,500. All the necessary help was employed, and the factory began to turn out considerable quantities of yarns, flannels, jeans and cassimeres ; but the enterprise was started at the wrong time, and did not come up to the hopes of its builders. Vari- ous changes were made in the ownership, and at last the business was abandoned about three years ago. The village has a present population of about 260.
Fairfax was started at an early date, but has always been a village of modest pretensions as regards size. So far as can be learned, N. Whise- nand and R. Wilson opened a liquor establishment there in about 1835, and continued on for several years, adding a small stock of goods in about
525
CLEAR CREEK TOWNSHIP.
1837, and afterward increasing the business. Scarborough & Wilson opened a store there in 1838, and did a good business for several years. Helton & Houston began merchandising about 1840. The old Helton grist mill was built early, and considrable flour was sent by boat down the creek. Helton packed considerable pork, which was shipped away by boat. He continued there, doing a large business in his store and mills and factories, until the fifties, when he removed to Bloomington. A large amount of furniture was manufactured there during the forties and fifties. In about 1847, L. Q. Hoggatt became Mr. Helton's partner. The Redfields succeeded Helton. Since then, the village has been small and uneventful.
Smithville was started when the New Albany Railroad was es- tablished, in 1852-53. It was laid out in November, 1851, by Mans- field Bennett and George Smith, owners, on Section 3. Thirty-eight lots were laid out on both sides of the railroad. Mr. Smith prob- ably opened the first store. He was soon joined by a blacksmith and a few families. Davis & Humphries were also there about the same time, with a good store. The business was lively while work on the railroad continued. It is probable that the stores were started before the town was laid out, to accommodate the wants of the workmen. P. & J. Hol- land were also early at the village with a stock of goods. One or two stores have been in the village, usually one at a time, ever since. About fifteen families comprise the population.
SCHOOLS.
It is said that the first school in the township was taught near the old Woodward homestead about 1822. This was a short distance south of the present Smithville. The school was held in a vacated log cabin that had been occupied for a short time by some family. Another early school was taught near Fairfax, and still another in the Rogers neighborhood. The Chambers were the founders of a school about 1830. In 1836, there were three schoolhouses in the township, and one or two old residences which were used for that purpose. In about 1840, the old log schoolhouse at Harrodsburg was erected, which was used for school and church pur- poses until about 1851. School was taught at Fairfax as early as 1838. In 1846, the township consisted of four school districts, two schools being held in District No. 2. During the winter of 1846-47, school was not taught in Nos. 1 or 3. The enrollment in District 2 was 53 and in Dis- trict 4 was 25. The length of each term was three months. Twenty-two children attended in No. 4, and 34 in No. 2. All these houses were of logs. In 1856, there were schoolhouses at Harrodsburg, Smithville, Fair- fax, and on Sections 8, 11 and 29. The only frame house was at Har- rodsburg. The old log schoolhouse at this village had been burned down about 1851, at which time a small one-story frame was erected to take its place. Early teachers in this frame house were Jonas May, Maj. Grimes, Luther De Motte, William Brown, Elzy Woodward et al. Dr. James Beatley taught in the old log house as early as 1844. He was a better teacher than physician. The small frame house was used until war time, when the present two-storied frame building was erected at a cost of about $1,000; three teachers are now employed in the Harrodsburg
526
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
schools. William Neill is the present Principal. The township schools were greatly improved during the fifties and more so during the sixties and the seventies. The following is for the schools of 1880-81 :
TEACHERS OF 1880-81.
Number of Districts.
Actual Euumeration. Kind and Size of Houses.
E. L. Adams
1
63
Frame, 20x26 feet.
O. S. Foster.
2
45
Frame, 20x30 feet.
Emsley Houston
3
40
Frame, 20x24 feet.
Smallwood and Lee
4
50
Frame.
W. S. Wells
5
40
Frame, 20x26 feet.
E. Bennett.
6
28
Frame, 20x26 feet.
F. R. Hamilton
7
24
Frame.
Nannie Corman
8
25
Frame, 18x24 feet.
Lizzie Adams
9
32
Frame, 18x18 feet.
CHURCHES.
An early Baptist class was organized in the Nichols neighborhood about the year 1828. Among the first members were the families of John Nichols, W. F. Siscoe, William Chandler, William Smith, Henry Landers, Henry Fritz, Alfred Coffey and others. Early meetings were held at the house of John Nichols. Another early class was the one in the McCrea neighborhood, among the members being the families of John McCrea, Jacob Zike, James Jenkins, Rufus Rough, Andrew Pickle et al. The Church of Christ was organized at Harrodsburg late in the thirties. Henry Burkey, W. S. Holmes, Andrew Holmes, Jacob Graybell, R. R. Richardson, Hiram Butcher, Francis Holmes, James Wright and John Kitchum, and their families being members. W. C. Walker, Joshua Moore, James Smith and Robert M. Parks, and their families, were early Baptists at Harrodsburg. The Methodists Church at Smithville was organized in the fifties. The families of Joseph Davis, James Woodward, Perry Gater, Farris Howard, Daniel Ketchum, being early members. Rev. E. P. F. Wells was pastor in 1855. The Cumberland Presbyte- rians formed a class at Harrodsburg in the fifties, meetings being held at R. M. Strain, James Woodward, William Chambers, the schoolhouse.
Rev. E. Hall was pastor and others and their families were members.
in 1857. The Christian Church at Smithville had for early members James Fox, Matthew Floyd, John Hines and others. Among the Meth- odists there were Perry Gather, Daniel Ketchum, H. Barrett and others. William Leonard belonged to the Christian Reformed, as did H. Burkey, John Hornbaker et al. A Union Church was built. Other classes have been formed in the township since.
527
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.
DESCRIPTION.
THIS civil division of Monroe County was given a separate existence in the year 1829, and was named for the father of our common country. It is a full Congressional township of thirty-six sections, and coincides with Township 10 north, Range 1 west, of the Second Principal Meridian, and is one of the four townships of the county that are crossed by the old Indian boundary. This boundary was established at the treaty of Fort Wayne, September 30, 1809, between the Indians and Gen. Har- rison. At this date, all of Washington Township, and indeed all of Monroe County south of the boundary, was obtained from the natives. The northern part of the township belonged to what became the New Purchase, and was ceded by the Indians to the Government at the treaty of St. Mary's, Ohio, October 3, 1818. Of course that portion of the township north of the boundary, or in the new purchase, was not subject to entry until after the Indians' title had been extinguished, and until the land had been surveyed by Thomas Brown during the summer of 1819. It was offered for sale in 1821. That part of the township south of the boundary was surveyed by William Harris and Arthur Henrie in 1812, and was subject to entry in 1816.
THE SOIL, TIMBER, ETC.
The variety and quality of timber in Washington Township will compare favorably with other portions of the county. Among the more noticeable varieties are white and black walnut, red, black, white and chestnut oaks, sugar tree, white and yellow poplar, chestnut, cherry, hickory, elm, beech, sassafras, sycamore, dogwood, gum tree, etc. The surface rocks of the town- ship belong to the knob-stone and Keokuk groups. There are traces in the township of the action of glaciers, but only traces. A section of the geolog- ical deposits about half a mile northwest of Wayport is as follows :
Feet.
Cherty and earthy layers 12
Lower St. Louis limestone ...
15
Keokuk limestone, light gray, containing, with stems and plares of crinoids, Aulopora gigas, Zuphrentis aalii, Z.cornucopia, Actinoc- rinus, rumulosus and basal plates of A. lowi. 8
Keokuk limestone, buff colored
12
Knob sandstone, with partiogs ... 30
Knob shale, with Hemipronitis cremstriatus, Sperifer carteri, Chon-
drites colletti and Vermiform fucoides. 40
Total 117
The section at Hindostan is as follows :
Feet.
Earthy layers, containing geodes
6
Keokuk limestone, dark gray ... 20
Keokuk limestone, light gray 10
528
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
Keokuk limestone, buff, fossiliferous 10
Clay, buff colored, with geodes and stems and plates of crinoids. 6
Keokuk limestone, buff colored. 10
Knob sandstone. 20
Knob shale, containing Chondrites colleti and Vermiform fucoides ... 60
Total 142
On Bryant's Creek, on Section 2, the deposits are as follows : Feet.
Surface soil, creamy colored. 6
Keokuk limestone, dark blue. 8
Keokuk limestone, light gray 10
Keokuk limestone, buff, with bands of chert and geodes. 6
Knob sandstone, with partings .. 20
Knob shale, containing Vermiform fucoides, Hemipronitis crenistriatus, and casts of Spirifer carteri.
80
Total. 130
On Section 23, the deposits are as follows : Feet.
Earthy layers 12
Knob sandstones, irregularly bedded. 40
Knob shale, containing the following geodized fossils: Spirifer carteri, S. neglectus, Hemipronitis crenistriatus; also geodes con- taining chalcedony, butrioidal geodes and mammillated geodes remarkable for their size and beauty. 80
Total. 132
Mr. I. W. Corr, of Hindostan has many beautiful specimens of fossils, taken from the deposits near his residence, among them being several large geodized crinoids showing all the plates with silica filling the inter- stices between the plates; one fine Actinocrinus loweii, A. gowdi, Pleu- rotoneoria Sp. (?) and Philipsia bufo. He also has Actinocrinus humboldti, A. raumlorus, A. equalis, A. biturbinatus, Granatocrinus granulosus, G. ficus, identical with those of the Burlington (Iowa) group. He has, also, Pentremites burlingtonensis, Spirifer carteri, S. pseudo- lineatus, S. neglectus, S. keokuk, S. fastigatus, Pleurotomaria shumardi, plates of Archœocidaris wortheni, Aviculopectum winchelli, Conularia sub-carbonaria, Prima sub-spatulata, Platyceras equilatera, P. infundi- bulum, Phillipsia bufo, Productus punctatus and P. altonensis.
LAND BUYERS.
On the 12th of September, 1817, while Monroe County was yet unor- ganized, and while it was yet a part of Orange County, James Bennington, at the land office in Vincennes, purchased the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter, and the southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 30, Township 10 north, Range 1 west of the Second Principal Meridian. This was the first purchase of land within the present limits of Washington Township. The second tract or tracts were bought by John Patterson on the 11th of August, 1823-the northwest quarter of the southeast quarter, and the southwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 31. The third entry was made by Hugh Corr on Section 14, on the 30th of January, 1824. Jehu Buckner bought on Section 12 in 1826, and Andrew Smith on Section 6 the same year. The entry of Mr. Corr was the first of the township in the New Purchase. Samuel Gaskins bought eighty acres on Section 28 in 1827, and Lee Brown
529
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.
bought a similar tract on the same section the following year. William and J. Millikan bought eighty acres on Section 30 in 1828. In October, 1829, John Turner bought eighty acres on Section 33, and the same year Wylie Burns bought a tract on Section 13, and Richard Colier on Section 3. Isaac Gillaspy, in 1830, secured eighty acres on Section 34. In 1831, Robert Walters and Jehu Buckner bought tracts on Section 28, and John Weaver on Section 5. During the following year, land on Sec- tion 3 was bought by Thomas J. Nance, on Section 12 by John Bales, on Section 29 by James Mulky, on Section 32 by Allen Sims, on Sec- tion 33 by John Turner, and on the same section by A. B. Anderson. In 1833, Goalson Steppe bought on Section 2, John Weaver and Andrew Smith on Section 5, Job Johnson on Section 14, John Neal on Section 17, John Bales on Section 19, William McNeely on Section 29, Henry Putnam on Section 31. Jehu Buckner bought on Section 3 in 1834; John Neal on Section 17 same year; Thomas Gillaspy on Section 21 same year; James Gaskins on Section 28 same year; David Paddock on Section 28 same year ; Lee Brown on Section 32 same year ; Isaac Gil- laspy on Section 33 same year ; Andrew S. Tate on Section 33 same year ; Benjamin Marshall on Section 34 same year. In 1835, entries were made by Job Johnson on Section 14; William Gaskins, Section 29; Daniel Ray, same section ; Emsley Wood, Section 31; Allen Sims, Sec- tion 31; Daniel Ray, Section 33. The entries of 1836 were numerous and as follows : Jeremiah Colier, Levi Colier, William Tate and William Carlton on Section 16, Richard Colier on Section 17, Solomon Langwell on Section 18, Benoni Denny and William Carlton on Section 19, Alexander W. Leland, 240 acres on Section 19, Stephen Gaskins on Section 29, William Scott, William McNeely and William Carlton also on Section 29; Alexander W. Leland, nearly all of Section 30 in July, 1836, Emsley Wood and Jacob Millikan on Section 31, A. W. Leland and A. M. Poe on Section 32, also Emsley Wood, Fielding W. Poe and William Carlton on the latter section, Solomon Langwell and A. B. Anderson on Section 33. William Scott bought on Section 16 in 1837, Washington Smith on Section 33 the same year, and David Browning on Section 34 the same year. In 1838, Caleb Colier, bought on the school section, Benjamin Ridge on Section 31, and Isaac Gillaspy and William Scott on Section 34. Thomas Gillaspy bought on Section 16 in 1839. The above were the only entries in the township prior to 1840, and among the list of purchasers were some of the earliest settlers and after- ward the most prominent and respected men. The settlement in the forties and during the fifties was rapid, nearly all the Government land being taken up.
TAX PAYERS OF 1841.
A. B. Anderson was on Section 23, his tax was $4.72. Lee Brown lived on Section 28, and paid $4.70 tax. Henry Buston lived on Sec- tion 21, his tax being $3.12. Hawkins Bales was on Section 17, his tax was $6.85, including a delinquency of $3.41. James Bales owned Sections 17 and 18, his tax was $15.57. Rachael Bales owned about 200 acres and paid a tax of $11.63. Charles Buck paid poll tax. Bartlett Barton paid a poll tax. James H. Baker owned $200 worth of personal property. John Bales paid poll tax. Levi Colier resided on
530
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
Section 15; Jeremiah Colier on Section 17; Micajah Colier on Section 18 and Stephen Colier on Sections 4 and 5. Their taxes were $2.70, $4.94, $1.42 and $4.10 respectively.
THE CHURCHES
Late in the decade of thirties, probably about 1838, a class of Meth- odists was organized near the central part of the township, the families of Samuel Gaskins, William Gaskins, Bartlett H. Baston, Jesse Gaston and William McNeeley belonging. The church was erected late in the forties, on the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 21. The land was donated to the church by Mary Ann Gaskins, and comprised one-half of an acre on the quarter above mentioned. In 1848, the Trustees were William McNeeley, Samuel Gaskins, Jesse Gaskins, Bartlett P. Barton and William Gaskins, who at that time were making arrangements to build their church. This religious class is yet in existence, and has done much good in the township. In the forties, the old Mt. Pleasant Chris- tian Church was organized in the township, a few of the earliest members being George M. Peery, John Cooter, Alfred Houston, Solomon Lang- well, Josiah Goodwin, Benjamin Houston and their families. In 1849 or 1850, Abraham Lemon sold one acre to the Trustees of this church- Peery, Cooter, Houston, Langwell and Goodwin-from his land on Sec- tion 6, in the northwest corner of the township. About this time the church was erected. This society is also yet it existence, and is prosper- ous. Late in the forties the old Separate Baptist Church, in the vicinity of Hindostan, was organized. Meetings were at first held at the resi- dences of Stephen Havions and John Goodman. The families of Ste- phen Havions, John Goodman, John McCoy, William McCoy were prominently connected in the origin of the society. In 1853, Stephen Bales sold to the Trustees of this church one acre of land on Section 13, to be used as a site for the church. The class styled itself the Union Church of Separate Baptists. These were the early religious classes of the township, but not the only ones, as one or two were organized in schoolhouses. Late years have seen the organization of several others.
EDUCATION.
Schools were taught during the thirties in the Colier, the Bales and the Langwell neighborhoods. They were very imperfect in every respect except want of comfort and facilities for learning. The schools were taught in the rudest log houses, and were poorly attended, probably by the children of two or three of the nearest families. It was then the cus- tom, as more than one resident of the township can testify from experi- ence, to go to school winter and summer barefoot; that seems unreason- able but it was done, and how? The barefooted child, to begin with, had gone thus so long that his feet were hardened and calloused to resist the cold, by several extra layers of epidermis, which necessity compelled Nature to provide. He could stand a degree of cold which would appar- ently chill him to the bone, and could walk for some time in snow and frost without suffering more than he could bear with reasonable fortitude. When he had to do extra duty in the snow and cold, however, he would take a small piece of a board, say a foot wide and two feet long, which
531
BENTON TOWNSHIP.
had been seasoned and partially scorched at the fire, and after heating it until it was on the point of burning, he would start on the run toward the schoolhouse with the hot board in his hand, and when his feet became too cold to bear any longer, he would place the board upon the ground and stand upon it until the numbness and cold had been partly overcome, when he would again take his " stove " in his hand and make another dash for the schoolhouse and repeat the process until the building had been reached. This was actually done in Washington Township. Some- times a flat, light piece of rock was substituted for the board, and was much better as it retained heat longer. Three schoolhouses were built in the township in the forties, and two more early in the fifties, and the five stood on Sections 6, 12, 15, 18, 26 and 33. Since then the schools have increased in number and usefulness until they are among the best in the county.
TEACHERS OF 1880-81.
Number of District.
Attendance.
Kind and Size of Houses.
V. D. Polly
1
33
Frame, 29x22 feet.
Emma Misner
2
30
Frame, 24x28 feet.
V. W. Branam
3
27
Frame, 24x28 feet.
V. O. Ferguson
4
35
Frame, 20x26 feet.
Jessie Weir.
5
29
Frame, 22x26 feet.
Rose A. Cookerly
6
38
Frame, 24x28 feet.
E. V. Ferguson
7
36
Frame, 22x28 feet.
Francis E. Robinson
8
55
Frame. 20x26 feet.
WAYPORT AND HINDOSTAN.
Two villages have been founded in Washington Township : The first, Wayport, was laid out on Sections 28 and 33, in April, 1851, by Isaac Gillaspy, Thomas Gillaspy and G. W. Smith, proprietors, and James Washburn, surveyor. Sixteen lots were laid out. One store, a black- smith shop, a post office, etc., sum up the history of the town. Hindo- stan was laid out in June, 1853, on the northeast quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 14, by Charles G. Corr, proprietor, and James Wood- burn, surveyor. Twelve lots were laid out on the Martinsville & Bloomington State Road, and just north of the Columbus & Gosport State Road. One store, a few shops and offices also sums up the impor- tance of this little hamlet.
BENTON TOWNSHIP.
THE SOIL, TIMBER, GEOLOGY, ETC.
T THIS township was named in honor of Thomas H. Benton, of Missouri, one of the ablest men the country has ever produced. It was or- ganized in 1833, a full account of which may be seen elsewhere in this volume. It comprises all of Congressional Township 9 north, Range 1 east, except the eastern tier of sections, which was attached to Brown County many years ago, and in addition includes all of Township 10 north, Range 1 east, lying south of Bean Blossom Creek. The Town-
.
532
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
ship is generally rough, with precipitous bluffs here and there, and is cut by numerous ravines, where small streams find their beds. There is too much clay in the soil to bring the best results to the agriculturist. This is true even of the lower lands, which contain much material washed down from higher altitudes. In some places, however, the soil is rich and deep, and furnishes excellent crops of all the cereals. As a whole the township is superior as a grazing location. The heavy forests, deep de- clivities and numerous bluffs afford abundant protection to domestic animals from the blasts of winter. The geology of the township is much similar to the balance of the county. The section of formation at Union- ville is as follows :
Earthy layers containing geodes and the following fossils : Zophrentis Feet. dalii, Z. cornucopia, and plates and stems of crinoids ... 8 Keokuk limestone; bluish gray containing a few internal casts of Spirifer neglectus, S. fastigatus, and Zaphrentus dalii .. 6
4 Keokuk limestone, light gray.
Keokuk limestone, buff colored. 6
Total 24 On Section 8 is the following formation: Earthy layers containing geodes and irregular masses of chert .. 6
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