USA > Indiana > Brown County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 66
USA > Indiana > Monroe County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 66
USA > Indiana > Morgan County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 66
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507
VAN BUREN TOWNSHIP.
for many years was Deacon of the church and its most prominent member. Rev. James Chambers was the first minister, but within two or three years he was succeeded by Rev. Leroy Mayfield, who was pastor over thirty years. The Bethany Baptist was organized quite early, some of the early members being the families of John Wilburn, William Sparks, Abe May, Henry Flood, William H. Treadway and Henry Sanders. Another famous early church was the Cumberland Presby- terian, of Richland Township. Citizens of Bloomington of this faith often went out to attend this church. It was organized before 1830, and among the members were the Sharps, Constables, Figgs, Johnsons, Halls, Clays. The church was built on Section 4, and was known as the Pleas- ant Hill Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Thomas J. Sharp furnished the land on Section 4. Another early class was the Christian Church, organized in the thirties, among the early members being the families of Pleasant York, Andrew Reeves, James Everman, Wesley Acuff, James Hall, J. H. Houston, and others. The Church was called North Liberty Church of Christ. The old Methodist Church in Richland was organized in the twenties. It was called Wesley Chapel, and among the early mem- bers were the Kerbys, the Smiths, the Hopewells, the Sedwicks, the Reeveses, the Knightons, the Stinesons, the Moots, the Sharps, and others. Others were organized early and later. The Presbyterians, Methodists, Christians and Baptists, remnants of the old organizations, have churches in Ellettsville and in the township.
VAN BUREN TOWNSHIP.
INTRODUCTION.
T' HIS subdivision of Monroe is one of the most productive in the county. There is perhaps more good soil for the producer than any other portion of equal extent. This became known at a very early day, and led to rapid settlement and growth. Many of the best citizens came here and made it their abiding place, and those valuable adjuncts of civilization-education and religion-took here in early years a deeper root than in any other place in the county, except Bloomington. Insti- tutions were established here which had for their object the widest dif- fusion of knowledge, and the establishment of the highest and purest sys- tem of morality. And the country was suited for such institutions. The lands were rich, fertile and promised that plenty which always brings prosperity and peace. Many of the earliest residents were descendants of the chivalrous stock of the South, possessing culture and refinement fit to adorn any society, and an appreciation of the advantages of social, in- tellectual and moral improvement which promised enduring benefits to the fabric of society. Here let the natural resources of the township be set forth.
THE TIMBER, SOIL, STONE, ETC.
The surface is less rolling than many other portions of the county, but is well drained, as well as well watered. Several small streams take
32
508
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
their source here, which accounts for the numerous springs of good hard water, and for the productiveness of the surface soil which has not been denuded of its rich alluvial properties. The township originally con- tained heavy bodies of the best black and white walnut, hard and soft maple, some half dozen varieties of oak, chestnut, elm, beech, sycamore, white and yellow poplar, ash, cherry, gum, sassafras, dogwood, spicewood, etc. Much of this-all the better grades-has been cut away. An im- portant natural feature is the big cave in the northwestern part. Its real depth is unknown, as it is probable that all the ramifications have never been explored. It is safe to say that the numerous branches, cuts, and turns aggregate one mile in extent. Within, the air is warm and salubrious, and the revelation of geologic formations repays the student for his dark visit. Valuable fossils, geodes containing crystals of dog- tooth spar of great beauty, stalactites and stalagmites of great size, masses of limestone and shale, highly colored with iron and magnesium, and sandstone with variegated colors and numerous partings may be seen in the walk through "Puett's Cave." It is quite a resort for pleasure-seek- ers. Picnic parties from Bloomington come out to view the wonder, and students of geology come to view and study the mysteries of that science. Once upon a time, a party of students came here in the morning, tied their horses in the grove near by, entered the cave, but came not forth even when darkness set in. A resident near the cave saw the horses, and suspecting that all was not right, lighted a torch and entered the dark chamber, and after walking some distance found the students who for hours had been endeavoring to get out without avail huddled together, frightened, bewildered, lost, and reconciled to pass the night without food or sleep in the cave. Their joy and thanks were profuse when they at last stood outside. The following is the geologic formation on Section 4 :
Feet.
Loamy soil, reddish color. 4 Chester sandstone, bowlders and irregular masses of ferruginous sandstone
40
Argillaceous layers, containing irregular masses of chert, clay, stones and fragments of fossils. 10
Limestone (Upper St. Louis Group), light gray and shaly. 16
Limestone, same group, light gray, very hard and silicious, irreg- ularly bedded and unfossiliferous. 30
Total 100
LAND ENTRIES, SETTLEMENTS, ETC.
The following purchases were made in Van Buren Township in 1816: Arthur Patterson, Section 1; Jacob Cutler, David Matlock, Daniel Sears, James Parks, James Matlock, on Section 2; John Cutler, on 4; Archibald Wood, 320 acres on Section 10; John Allen and George Matlock, on 11; George Matlock, 12; Jonathan Rains, on 13; also, on the same section, John Carr and John W. Lee; John Allen, James Bor- land and John Carr, on Section 14; Archibald Wood, Michael Wood and David Matlock, on 15; John Collins and Joseph Berry, on 21; William Wilson and William Newcomb (320 acres) on Section 22; John Harvey (320 acres), Jonathan Nichols and Arthur Patterson, on Section 24; Sol- omon Green and Archibald Wood, on Section 25; Levin Lawrence on 26; Adam Darling on 27; Joseph Berry, Adam Bowen and John Bris-
509
VAN BUREN TOWNSHIP.
coe on 28; Jesse Tarkington, Arthur Patterson and John Sadler on 31; Arthur Patterson and Joseph Berry on 32; Joseph Berry on 33; John Storm on 34; Thomas McCrang on 35; Josiah Jackson, John Johnson and Joseph Richardson on Section 36. The following tracts were bought in 1817 : David Matlock on Section 2; Francis Charlice on 11; James Matlock on 12; Eli Lee on 14; William Newcomb on 15; Pierre Cha- curn on 22; Solomon Phillips on 23; Joseph Gerrard and James Par- sons on 26; Adam Kern and Isaac Rogers on 27; John Berry on 33; Joseph Berry on 34. No other entries were made until 1823, as follows: Austin S. Reeves on 9; and Littleton West on 21; Vincent Lindsey bought on Section 1 in 1824; Eli P. Farmer, on Section 2 the same year; John Mahala on Section 10 the same year ; John M. Berry on Section 29; Lemuel Lyons on Section 1 in 1825; George Moss on 5 in 1829; Thomas Snoddy on 6 in 1826; John Watson on 8 in 1828; Robert Rice on 9 in 1828; Henry Sanders on 10 in 1827; William Deskins on 10 in 1828; George Milam on 12 in 1827; Isaac Rogers on 21 in 1825; Joseph Berry on 21 in 1825; Gaspard Koons on 26 in 1825; William Morris on 29 in 1829, and on 33 also; John H. Bunger and Orion Crocker on 33 in 1829. The above were all the entries of land prior to 1830. The name of the first actual resident in the township cannot be stated, but was doubtless one of the above-mentioned men. Several are known to have come with their families in 1816, but if any came before, such fact cannot now be stated with certainty, though there are strong presumptions that in 1815 the township contained white families.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT.
The old Hamilton Grist Mill was erected by Robert Hamilton early in the twenties, and of course was operated by water-power secured in the usual manner by means of a dam. It was an extremely rude affair at first, but owing to necessity received a liberal patronage. Orion Crocker was the miller. A man named Hamill bought the mill probably about 1834, and operated it with some improvements until soon after 1840, when it passed to John Shirly, who practically rebuilt and refitted the structure and the dam, and very materially improved the quality and quantity of flour produced. He introduced an improved method of re- grinding the shorts that increased the yield of flour to the bushel, and also improved the quality. This useful old mill continued to run until a comparatively few years ago, when it was abandoned. About the year 1830, James F. Leonard erected a grist mill about three hundred yards from the Hamilton Mill on the same stream. His dam was rude and often broke, and after a few years he introduced steam and used the two motors, steam and water, to operate his mill. The mill did good work from the start, and under different hands and greatly improved in build- ing and equipments, is yet running. It has always been a good mill. Saw mills were early operated in connection with these mills. Among the earliest residents of Van Buren Township were the families of James Gentry, Absalom Baker, Robert B. Givens, Andrew Gray, George Grubb, Samuel Grabeal, Solomon Green (one of the very first; came in when the Indians were as thick as wild turkeys), Seth Goodwin (very early), William Gray (very early), Andrew Gray, Lewis Harman, Jasper
510
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
Koons, Felix Landers, Matthew Legg, Benjamin Neeld, William Neeld (very early, with the Indians), the Prices, Hiram Pauley, Solomon Phil- lips, Rebecca Rawlins, the Renshaws, Benjamin Rice, Robert Rice, Wil- liam Rice, John Saddler, Henry Sanders, L. G. Shryer, James G. Sparks, Noble Stockwell, James Shipman, John Shipman, Thomas Snoddy, John Tarkington, W. C. Tarkington, Sylvanus Tarkington, Samuel Turner, Reuben Ward, Luke Ward, Booker Wit and many others mentioned above as entering land. The Berrys were early and prom- inent.
POLL-TAX PAYERS OF 1841.
George Allcorn, Joseph Abrams, Wyatt Adkins, Jacob Bunger, Jr., Joseph Bunger, Henry Brock, Absalom Baker, John Bunger, David Bunger, Philip Bunger, Jacob Baker, Malden Baker, William Berry, G. D. Berry, William Burkis, Peter Bowen, Winston Burch, Street Cox, Harbin Cole, Barton W. Cole, H. Campbell, Richard Crane, Joseph Cole, Samuel Cooper, John G. Campbell, Orion Crocker, Samuel Cline, John Dinsmore, Burdit Dawson, H. Davis, James Davis, E. N. Elliott, George Eller, John Eller, Henry Eller, Henry Fritz, Thomas Fullerton, James Fritz, John Fritz, Jr., Wesley Fritz, James Gentry, John Griff- iths, Alfred Griffiths, J. P. Givens, John Goodnight, Robert B. Givens, Andrew Gray, William Gray, Solomon Green, Thomas Gwinn, Lewis Harmon, Joseph Hazelwood, Allen Hite, Moses Hall, David Hall, Adam Hunter, William Koons, Conrad Koons, J. F. Leonard, Matthew Legg, Samuel Linden, John P. May, Adam Nutler, Benj. Neeld, John Oram, William Porch, Levy Price, John H. Porch, Aaron Pindle, William Rose- berry, J. D. Reeves, Robert Rice, Thomas Renshaw, William Rice, John Stout, Joseph Sanders, D. C. Smith, Noble Stockwell, John Shipman, Samuel Sloan, Jacob Summit, Joseph Small, Helen Smith, John Small, William Smith, John Tarkington, John R. Truit, Reuben Ward, William Whisman, Luke Ward, Booker Wit, John Willborn and Joel Woodall. Those who paid the highest tax were: Noble Stockwell, $15.80; L. G. Shryer, $14.85; D. C. Smith, $15.21; John Stout, $13.05; Solomon Philips, $13.20; Benjamin Neeld, $20.69; Conrad Koons, $26.80 ; Moses Hall, $19.92; Seth Goodwin, $23.21; Solomon Green, Sr., $13.20; Henry Fritz, $19.37; estate of John Eller, deceased, $13.75 ; George Eller, $15.25; Barton W. Cole, $14.15; David Bunger, $14.15; William Berry, $16.35. The total number of polls was 134; number of acres, 14,297; value of land $98,890; value of town lots, $300; personal property, $28,706; total taxables, $127,796; State tax, $610.74 ; county tax, $291.14; total tax, $901.88.
STANFORD.
This little village was laid out by Jesse Tarkington late in the thirties, and soon afterward a store was established there by James Crane, who conducted his establishment for several years. This store was started about 1839. It is said that Kemble, Klein & Co. also established a store in the village about the year 1842. In about 1845, Zachariah Catron opened a store in the village, and from that on, for several years, kept a general stock, worth about $2,000. Sylvester Dory started up about the same time. In 1848, Nicholas Dillinger and Victor Dory formed a part-
511
VAN BUREN TOWNSHIP.
nership, and began a general mercantile business, under the firm name of Dillinger & Dory. Sylvester Dory and Zachariah Catron were yet in business. The following year (1849) Odell & Walker began business with a stock estimated to have been worth $5,000. In 1850, Elmore Walker established a store. Dudley & Adams engaged in the same pursuit in 1852, and Street Cox & Sons about the same time. There were at this period about four general stores in the village, two or three blacksmiths, a saw mill, etc. etc., and a population of about 150. The town has kept about this size until the present. A. J. Ritchey, F. M. Holder & Co. have general stores at present. Carmichael & Fields were in with goods before, as were Young & Smith, Baker Bros. and Sparks Brothers. Drs. Cook and Gaston have drugs. Joseph Green is the blacksmith. James Gaston is Postmaster. The little village has a tri-weekly mail from Bloomington. The population is about 200.
TOWNSHIP MORALS.
In general, the citizens of Van Buren Township have been a very well-behaved people. A large portion, since the earliest settlement, has been connected with the various religious classes ; and the other portion- the non-professors, or unbelievers-has been sober and moral. A class of the Church of Christ was early organized-about 1830-and for a time met for worship at the house of Joseph Berry, who was one of the leading members. Robert Hamilton, Joseph Berry, John Porch, John Good- night, Dudley C. Smith, John Givens, John Bunger and their families, were members. This class was made up from Van Buren and Indian Creek Townships. A log church was built quite early-about 1834- and was used for many years. The Methodists established a class in the southwestern part early in the thirties, the leading early members being Lewis Harman, David Carpenter, Dennison Whaley, E. W. Tarkington, Malden Baker, Jacob Baker, William Higgins, Lewis L. Allen, Jesse Tarkington, Samuel Day, George G. Walker and their families. Lewis Dale was the pastor in 1850. This class has endured until the present, and early built a church at Stanford, which is yet used. Early in the forties, the United Baptists organized a class in the vicinity of Stanford, among the earliest members being the families of John Griffith, Jesse Goss, James Steele, Henry Flood, William Sparks, Abe May, W. H. Treadway-the latter four also belonging to the Baptist Church in Rich- land Township. This class grew, thrived, and built a church about 1850. The old Union Meeting-house. on Section 36, also had a large membership in the four townships-Van Buren, Perry, Clear Creek and
Indian Creek. The old Baptist Church in the southern part of Richland Township, drew a strong membership from the limits of Van Buren. The citizens in the northeastern part joined the churches at Bloomington. The educational and religious community at the village of Harmony, northeast of Stanford, was the earliest union of religious sentiment in the county. Members of any orthodox denomination were eligible to membership. Later years have seen the organization of other religious classes, and the increased membership and prosperity of the old, until no portion of the county is better supplied with moral advantages.
512
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
SCHOOLS.
The first school was taught in about the year 1824, at what afterward became the village of Harmony, the teacher being, so it is stated, Jonathan Nichols. The house was a vacated log cabin that had been erected for a dwelling, and was temporarily fixed up for school purposes. It is not certain where the next was started unless it was at the village of Harmony, where two or three terms of excellent school were conducted under the supervision of the Blue Spring Community. A school was started in the southeastern part about 1828, one of the Berrys, it is said, being the first teacher. A schoolhouse that was erected in the southern part of Richland Township was attended by the children of Van Buren, in the northern part, but soon after 1830 a log schoolhouse was con- structed on Section 4 or 9, which answered the purpose for several years. Some state that the first school in the township was taught near what is now Stanford, one of the Tarkingtons being the first teacher. In 1836, there were four school districts and schoolhouses. In 1847, there were eight school districts in the township, and during the winter of 1846-47, six schools were taught. The enumeration in the districts at this time was as follows : No. 1, 73; No. 2, 94; No. 3, 64; No. 4, 47; No. 5, 72; No. 6. 19; No. 7, 66; No. 8,48. School was not taught during the winter in Districts No. 5 and 6. The average daily attendance was as follows : No. 1, 43; No. 2, 15; No. 3, 17; No. 4, 16; No. 7, 14; No. 8, 13. Six months school was taught in District No. 3; two months in No. 7, and three months in the others. The teachers were paid for the term, exclusive of a small amount of tuition or subscription, as fol- lows: No. 1, $30; No. 2, $25; No. 3, $75; No. 4, $45; No. 7,$36; No. 8, $45. The School Trustees at this time were Conrad Koons. John H. Porch and James P. Givens. In 1849 (March), there were eight school districts, as above given, with the following enumeration : No. 1, 38 males and 48 females ; No. 2, 26 males and 24 females ; No. 3, 36 males and 12 females ; No. 4, 30 males and 23 females ; No. 5, 34 males and 42 females ; No. 6, 45 males and 31 females ; No. 7, 24 males and 25 females ; No. 8, 28 males and 28 females. Total enumera- tion, males 261, females 233; grand total, 494. The schools at this time were not surpassed by any other country portion of the county. When the new school law came into effect in 1853, and one Trustee took the place of three, and new funds were created for the common schools, within a few years many of the districts built new houses-not of logs, but of the best native lumber. Great improvements were made during the fifties in school methods and systems. During the sixties, still greater improvements were made, and now the school system of the township, the county and the State, is not only the pride of the residents, but the admired object of neighboring States. The following table explains itself :
513
VAN BUREN TOWNSHIP.
TEACHERS OF 1880-81.
Number of District.
Number of Pupils Enrolled.
Kind of Houses.
Hattie Munson
1
35
Frame, 22x30 feet.
William Neill.
2
55
Frame, 22x36 feet.
Ellsworth Williams
3
44
Frame, 22x30 feet.
John W. French
4
48
Frame, 24x28 feet.
A. C. Richey
4
24
Frame, 24x28 feet.
John D. Morgan ..
5
49
Frame, 20x28 feet.
J. W. D. Butcher
6
51
Frame, 22x28 feet.
F. P. Torrence
7
34
Frame, 22x28 feet.
From the table it will be seen that Stanford (District No. 4) has two schools. The old frame house at Stanford, built late in the forties, was succeeded by a better frame building, with two rooms, some eight or ten years ago. Now there are two teachers, as indicated in the table.
THE BLUE SPRING COMMUNITY.
From 1820 to 1860, there arose throughout the United States a ten- dency to unite means and influence in the formation of what was called a "Community," for the purpose of increasing the sources of a better sys- tem of education and morals than was afforded by the denominational and educational organizations of that day. Many families would place their property in charge of a committee empowered to manage the common interests and benefits, and would farm together, live together, eat together, work together in all things, being governed by a constitution and by-laws. Men as eminent as Horace Greeley, Charles Fourier and the Owens, of Posey County, Ind., were connected with organizations of the kind, and used their best endeavors to render the system successful, popular and universal throughout the country. One institution of this kind sprang up in Monroe County, in 1826, and was called the Blue Spring Community.
The members gathered at what soon was called Harmony, placed their property in common, erected dwellings, laid out a public common or square, started one or more stores, opened an excellent school in a log schoolhouse just erected, and soon were in as flourishing a condition as could be expected in the backwoods. It was a very new country then, let it be remembered, to establish and maintain such an institution where the purity of intention and performance was made the sole condition of membership. Neighbors laughed at the pretensions of the communists and scornfully predicted the speedy or ultimate dissolution of the com- munity. But the members, with noble intentions, went resolutely at work, determined, if possible, to make the attempt a success. Things went on quite smoothly the first year, or until cold weather came on, when many left, going back to their former cabins. Some conflict had occurred, some misunderstandings from human imperfections, and when the spring of 1827 arrived, all attempts to continue the community was voluntarily abandoned, to the sincere regret of some of the purest-minded citizens ever residents of Monroe County.
-
514
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
INDIAN CREEK TOWNSHIP.
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE.
T THIS subdivision of Monroe County lies in the extreme southwestern corner, and is one of the richest tracts of land to be found within a radius of many miles. There is more loam in the soil than is usually found in the townships of the county, and this, combined with the fact that the township as a whole is not so rolling, renders it a more desirable place of residence for farming. The township is drained by the branches of Clear Creek and Indian Creek. This is one of the few localities of the county where the celebrated Chester sandstone appears at the surface, and consists of light gray and bright red laminated stone, highly ferru- ginous and usually irregularly bedded. The iron deposit on Sections 6 and 7-unusually rich and heavy, but hardly rich enough to work, belongs to the group of Chester sandstone. There are fine displays of this sandstone at Buena Vista and elsewhere. The principal stone of the township lies next underneath the sandstone and belongs to the Upper St. Louis Group of limestone. The formation of strata on Section 7 is as follows :
feet.
Pale red loamy soil. 6 Chester sandstone, containing stigmaria ficoides, and calamites canne formis, weather worn .. 20
Argillaceous and cherty layers .. 10
Limestone (Upper St. Louis Group) light gray, hard, silicious, and irregularly bedded, containing zaphrentis spinulos Athyristrin- uclua, Pellerophon sablaevis and Syringopora multattennata .. ....
30
Total. 66
This table illustrates the stone wealth of the township. Sandstone and limestone are both found in abundance. The iron deposits are rich, and furnish all wells and springs with tonic for the blood. The soil is rich and the timber is less stripped of its finer grades by vandals than other portions of the county contiguous to railroads. In short, Indian Creek is one of the best townships of the county.
GOVERNMENT LAND ENTRIES.
The following entries of land were made in the year 1816: William Bigger, Richard Beem and John Kutch on Section 1; Isaac Withers on Section 3; John M. Sadler on Section 6; Archibald Wood on the same section ; John Storm on Section 12; William King and John Storm on Section 13; Henry Speed on Section 19; John Storm and Elzy Wood- ward on 20; Archibald Wood on 30. In 1817 the following entries were made: Moses Olds on Section 1; William Crum, James Wright and William Leahy on 2; Benjamin Freeland on 5; Benjamin Freeland 450 acres on Section 7; John White, Isaiah Wright and James Wright on Section 11; James Wright, James Mitchell and Jacob Beals on 12,
515
INDIAN CREEK TOWNSHIP.
and the latter also on 24; William Wyman on 25; James Wright on 26; Thomas Wilson, Alexander Clark each 160 acres on Section 33; Zach- ariah Dicks 160 acres on 34; William Wright and James Smith on 35. John Burch bought a tract on Section 5 on the 11th of November, 1819. Peter Sansiford bought on Section 18 in 1823. Lemuel and Joel Sex- son bought on Sections 19 and 20 in 1827 and 1828. Joseph Arthur bought on 21 in 1818, and Richard Wright on 23 the same year. Sol- omon Morgan bought 160 acres on Section 24 in 1829. Caleb Lowder bought 80 acres on Section 27 in 1819. Jonathan Howell on 28 in 1818; Alexander Clark on 34 in 1818; William Jones on 34 in 1825. This comprises all the entries prior to 1830.
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