USA > Indiana > Brown County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 61
USA > Indiana > Monroe County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 61
USA > Indiana > Morgan County > Counties of Morgan, Monroe, and Brown, Indiana. Historical and biographical > Part 61
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For corporation purposes. 20 cents on each $100
For road purposes ... .5 cents on each $100
For general poll tax. 25 cents on each poll
For male dogs. $1 each
For female dogs. $1 each
For school building. 50 cents on each $100
For school building.
$1 each poll tax
Total tax ....... 75 cents on each $100 valuation, and a poll tax of $1.25
In 1873, a large number of fire buckets, ladders, etc., were purchased. In January, 1876, the School Trustees reported that the new school house was completed, and that an indebtedness of $7,000 had been in- curred in addition to the bond indebtedness of $45,000, in finishing the building, and asked that $7,000 worth of new bonds might be issued to meet such extra expense. The Town Board ordered the following bonds issued : Twenty bonds of $100 each ; ten bonds of $500 each ; all to be due within twenty years and after five years, interest ten per cent.
In July, 1876, the Council were petitioned to take action to have the town incorporated as a city, the petition being signed by 217 citizens. An election was held, and resulted as follows: For incorporation as a city, 184 ; against such incorporation, 169. The first city officers were C. W. Henderson, Mayor ; John Waldron, H. H. Voss, W. N. Showers, A. T. Massey, Andrew Hoover and M. B. Dillon, Councilmen. The first meeting of the City Council was held September 13, 1876. R. C. Greeves was Clerk; C. H. McPheeters, Treasurer ; and James Slocum, Marshal. In a short time, all the old-time ordinances were revised, cor- rected, rejected and adopted, and the new municipal machinery was set in effective motion.
By April, 1877, the bonded indebtedness of the city was $39,700, there having been paid $12,300. The City Council ordered new bonds, bearing seven per cent interest, issued to the amount of $16,000, that
468
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
amount and $1,700 more being then due, for the purpose of refunding the old bonds at a lower rate of interest; 120 bonds of $100 each, and 8 bonds of $500 each, were ordered sold. A tax was ordered levied which would pay the interest on the bonds, and at the same time create a sink- ing fund of not less than 5 cents on each $100 valuation, to be used in reducing the principal of the bonded debt.
The receipts and expenses for the fiscal year ending May 1, 1877, were : Receipts, $3,318.72; expenses, $3,316.25. School fund receipts, $6,018.95 ; expenses, $5,987.05. The old Pioneer Fire Company No. 1 was re-organized at this time, and fully provided with the means of fight- ing fire. In August, an increase of 15 cents on each $100 valuation was levied for the school fund. C. F. Dodds became Mayor in 1878. In January, 1879, twenty-nine street lamps were erected around the square and along the principal streets, at a cost of about $75. In 1880, permis- sion was granted to S. Solomon & Co., to erect gas works and lay down pipes through the streets of Bloomington. In November, 1880, school- house bonds to the amount of $32,000 were refunded with new bonds bearing six per cent interest. In 1881, permission was granted the Bloomington Electric Telephone Company to erect poles, and stretch wires on the streets. In March, 1883, the City Council of New Albany presented Bloomington with a fine fire engine, as a return for $500 sent by the latter to the former a few months before during the great flood on the Ohio. The city has at this writing (October, 1883) $1,000 invested in the "artesian well " now being bored on the public square. Ever since the war, the Town or City Board has been constantly engaged in pro- viding the county seat with good streets. The paving, macadamizing, guttering, etc., have gone on until all the leading thoroughfares of the city are water and mud proof, so to speak. Bloomington has without ex- ception the cleanest and solidest streets of any city in the State. The present city officers are : C. F. Dodds, Mayor; R. C. Greeves, Clerk ; G. W. Reeves, Marshal ; H. H. Friedley, Attorney ; John Waldron. N. U. Hill, J. W. Shoemaker, B. A. McGee, M. D. Griffey and O. J. Hoover, Councilmen.
Following is a table giving the " section of the bore " of the artesian well at Bloomington :
Depth of Strata. Total Depth.
STRATA.
Feet.
Feet.
Surface
6
6
Limestone (grayish )
119
125
Shale (blue)
630
755
Shale (dark red).
20
775
Limestone (blue)
5
780
Shale (brown)
10
790
Slate (dark)
120
910
Limestone (grayish)
15
925
Limestone (brown).
240
1,165
Shaley limestone (blue).
15
1,180
Limestone (light)
130
1,310
Flint limestone.
30
1,340
Limestone (light, latter part brown streaks).
170
1,510
Shale (blue).
40
1,550
Limestone (blue).
40
1,590
Shale (blue streaks line)
60
1,650
Shale (blue).
1,835
Limestone (light brown).
At 125 feet, struck crude coal oil, and inflammable gas at about 775 feet, at end of " dark red shale."
469
BLOOMINGTON TOWNSHIP AND CITY.
SECRET SOCIETIES.
Cecilia Lodge, No. 166, Odd Fellows, was instituted by J. B. Ander- son, G. M., on the 1st of August, 1853, the following being the charter members : H. C. Smith, John W. Smith, L. M. Hays, C. H. Laird, Daniel Shrader, C. R. Miner, John Warner, Theodore Johnson, Peter Cleminson, and Thomas H. Sinex. The first officers were : Daniel Shrader, N. G .; Peter Cleminson, V. G .; L. C. Stinson, Secretary ; John Miken, Treasurer. This lodge has endured until the present, and is in a highly prosperous condition, with a membership of nearly 150. It has a fine lodge room on College avenue. Herndon Encampment, No. 56, was instituted at Gosport, in August, 1858, but in January, 1862, was removed to Bloomington, where the following officers were installed : Cyrus Nutt, C. P .; C. P. Tuley, H. P .; M. J. Smith, S. W .; Daniel Shrader, J. W .; A. R. Yates, Treasurer. Arizona Tribe, No. 52, I. O. R. M., was organized in December, 1874, with the following charter members : J. C. Orchard, J. F. Fee, Adam Geiger. D.W. Browning, T. H. Sudbury, C. P. Tuley, J. B. Mulky, C. J. Axtell, W. W. Wicks, I. W. Walker, D. J. Hodges, A. T. Massey, H. J. Nichols, A. W. Rose, J. D. Walker, R. R. Strong, J. A. May, J. M. Mason, M. F. Arnold, H. A. Holtzman, M. C. Fee, R. A. Rogers, J. M. May, C. S. Cookerly, F. M. Bishop, George Findley, T. S. Lyons, Z. T. Coffin, A. Holtzman, C. A. Mobley, R. H. Gentry, Lem. Whitsel, Charles Artz, Fred Fess and C. E. Voss. The first officers were : J. C. Orchard, Sachem ; J. F. Fee, S. S .; Adam Geiger, J. S. ; D. W. Browning, C. of R .; T. H. Sudbury, K. of W .; C. P. Tuley, Prophet.
Bloomington Chapter, No. 70, F. & A. M., was organized in 1867. The charter members were : Cyrus Nutt, Hiram Gilmore, G. W. Har- din, J. J. Durand, J. J. Hight, Asher Labertew, George Sheeks, M. C. Hunter, J. G. McPheeters, M. L. Mccullough, J. B. Hamilton, Augustine Holtzman, and J. T. Holtzman. The first officers were: J. J. Durand, H. P .; A. Holtzman, K .; Cyrus Nutt, S .; M. L. Mccullough, C. of H .; S. E. Holtzman, P. S .; J. T. Holtzman, R. A. C .; J. G. Mc- Pheeters, G. M. 3d V. ; George Sheeks, G. M. 2d V .; L. Tannenbaum, G. M. 1st V. ; P. L. D. Mitchell, Treasurer ; J. G. McPheeters, Jr., Secretary ; J. H. Thacker, Guard.
There are several other lodges in Bloomington-the Masons, Knights of Honor, Knights of Pythias, etc., but the writer was unable to gain ac- cess to the records, and hence must omit an account or them.
BANKING.
The first banking business was done in the fifties, by Tarkington & Aikin, who issued at first only shinplasters : J. M. Howe did the same. In about 1857, the Bloomington Bank was regularly organized, with a capital of about $20,000 ; and soon bank bills were issued, signed by the above men. Missouri and other State bonds were deposited with the Auditor of State, but in 1860, these bonds so depreciated in value as to cause the suspension of the home bank. Its paper was worth only about 30 cents on the dollar. Soon after this, a private bank was organized, and continued until about 1870, when it was transformed into the First National Bank of Bloomington, with capital stock of $50,000-since in-
470
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
creased to $100,000. The cashier neglected to furnish the information necessary for a further sketch.
The actual population of Bloomington in 1866 (August) was 2,118, and in July, 1876, was 2,404. It is now about 3,200.
THE SCHOOLS OF BLOOMINGTON.
The first school in Bloomington was taught in the old log court house during the winter of 1818-19, but the name of the teacher cannot be given, although it was probably Addison Smith. The next summer a log schoolhouse was built not far from where the old County Female Seminary now stands. The growth of the town was so rapid, however, that it was found necessary within two years to build another log school- house, which was done in the eastern part. In 1822, or perhaps 1823, a brick schoolhouse was erected, which, with the two log cabins and other schools taught in private residences or elsewhere, supplied the town with public schools for several years. In the thirties, forties and fifties, other houses were built mainly for the accommodation of smaller scholars. All these schools were principally supported by subscription, there being no
free schools as we now know them. Churches were often used, and the upper stories of business blocks on the square were rented for a series of years by educators, who transformed them into seats of learning. All these schools were more for the use of small children who could not enter the seminary or university. Prof. D. E. Hunter was prominently con- nected with the town schools proper late in the fifties and during the sixties. The teachers of the public schools were mostly ladies, who were scattered throughout the town in buildings which could be rented or leased for the purpose. No grading was done ; the scholars, large and small, in any portion of the town, attended the school nearest their resi- dence or the one where the teacher was liked best. Many of these schools were of the highest excellence, being taught by the graduates of the uni- versity or the seminaries, or had come from abroad to follow their profession. In 1863, the subject of grading the schools was strongly urged, the leader in the movement being Prof. Hunter. The first public meeting of the citizens to consider the subject was held July 21, a large number being present. Prof. Hunter explained the character of high or graded schools. Other meetings were held and arrangements were com- pleted to open the first graded school in Monroe County early in Sep- tember. The Principal was Prof. Hunter ; assistants in the old Baptist Church, Miss Mattie Cherry, Miss Lizzie Anderson and Miss Laura Verbryke; assistant in new building, Miss M. McCalla; assistant in Second Presbyterian Church, Miss Mary Anderson. The Principal held forth in the "new building," which was none other than the old tannery on the site of the present fine high school building. Milton Hight was the Trustee, and announced that the school system was " free to all in the corporation." It was found necessary to increase the school fund by several hundred dollars, which amount was raised by subscription among the citizens. At the end of three months, the Principal submitted the following report :
Abstract from weekly reports for three months, ending November 27, 1863 :
:
471
BLOOMINGTON TOWNSHIP AND CITY.
High School.
Ist Intermediate
2d Intermediate
1st Primary.
2d Primary.
3d Primary.
Total.
Pupils ticketed.
60
56
79
64
111
11
381
Pupils withdrawn.
11
3
7
3
5
29
Average daily attendance.
39
40
57
50
48
38
272
Tardy marks charged to pupils.
61
58
38
7
106
64
334
Tardy marks charged to parents ..
80
54
144
27
30
23
358
Cases of truancy.
1
4
4
2
5
7
23
Corporal punishment
4
10
1
5
20
Parents visited by teacher
6
11
19
50
36
5
129
Parents visited the schools.
5
4
2
2
15
1
29
Other visitors.
23
10
7
7
10
3
60
Pupils promoted.
1
5
6
Pupils not tardy.
9
13
7
25
14
6
74
Pupils not absent.
3
3
3
3
12
Pupils neither tardy nor absent.
2
2
4
Primary No. 2 was divided, and part of the pupils sent to Primary No. 3.
The following-named pupils have never been absent : Emma Batterton, Fransina E. Green, Laura A. Mitchell, Samuel W. McCune, Caroline Ehmi, Eugene Fee, Samuel Curry, Amelia Sutter, Charles Tourner, Pauline Ehni, William Finn and William Har- rington.
The following named pupils have never been either tardy or absent : Emma Batter- ton, Fransina E. Green, Samuel W. McCune and Caroline Ehni.
The great want is room. If our accommodations were sufficient, the number of pupils ticketed would soon reach 500.
The schools have been visited eighty-nine times. Twenty-nine of these visits were by parents.
Out of six hundred and ninty-two cases of tardiness, three hundred and fifty-eight (more than half). are charged to parents.
The daily attendance has never been less than two hundred and forty-nine. The average is two hundred and seventy-two.
The following promotions have been made, viz : Ella Fellowes from intermediate de- partment to grammar school, and Horace Mulky, Fannie Neal, Jane Thornton, Martha Winfrey and Esther A. Smith, from primary department to intermediate.
The first session of five months will close January 29, 1864.
D. ECKLEY HUNTER,
Superintendent B. G. S.
Soon after the school started, another primary department was started with Mrs. S. S. Getzendanner, teacher. The old Center Schoolhouse, as it was called, was used, also a frame building on Seventh street, be- tween Lincoln and Grant streets. The old tannery was thoroughly fitted up, and four departments were there established in 1864. This was about the state of affairs until the present high school building, begun in 1871 and finished in 1875, was completed as detailed elsewhere, at a cost of over $50,000. Among the high school Principals or Superintendents have been D. E. Hunter, E. P. Cole, G. W. Lee, James M. Wilson, W. R. Houghton and Miss M. H. McCalla. The public schools of Bloom- ington are not surpassed by any in the State, and are far ahead of the average in discipline, and effective, practical work. The school under the management of Miss McCalla is spoken of in the highest terms, as a model of the result of professional skill.
Report of the School Trustees of Bloomington for the year ending July 1, 1881 :
472
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
Number of school days.
180
Number of male teachers 4
Number of female teachers 10
Male pupils enrolled between 6 and 21 years. 266
Female pupils enrolled between 6 and 21 years. 260
Males in high school between 6 and 21 years. 71
81
Females in high school between 6 and 21 years
Males in high school over 21 years. 18
Females in high school over 21 years .. 2
Males in colored school between 6 and 21 years .. 24
30
Females in colored school between 6 and 21 years.
Males in colored school over 21 years. 2
Females in colored school over 21 years
1
Whole number of males enrolled. 387
Whole number of females enrolled. 368
Average daily attendance. 380
Salary of grades 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 each.
$400
Salary of grade 7 ..
.$450
Salary of grade 8.
Salary of two colored teachers. $500
$500
Salary of high school assistant. $600
Salary of Superintendent. $700
Salary of music teacher, 24 days. $272
As will be seen from this, Bloomington has a well-attended and in- teresting colored school.
THE MONROE COUNTY FEMALE SEMINARY.
The old County Seminary was established as soon as the county was, though no building was erected until 1835. The funds from fines, penalties, etc., had continued to accumulate until at the time of the erec- tion of the house they amounted probably to nearly $2,000. The structure was begun in 1833, and completed in 1835. Before this, how- ever, aside from the Indiana College, now the University, Prof. Pering had established in the town a Female Institute, which, from the affability, culture and general worth of the man, had grown into considerable prominence. The popularity of this institute, the effective and satis- factory character of its work, and the fact that the Indiana College ad- mitted no females to its course of study, led the citizens of the town, in order to obtain the best use of the seminary fund, and at the same time secure the higher education of their daughters, to petition the Legis- lature to have the County Seminary transformed into the County Female Seminary, and accordingly, during the session of 1832-33, this was done. This act was approved January 29, 1833, and the Monroe County Female Seminary was established with the following incorporators : John Bor- land, John Hight, William Alexander, James D. Robertson, Frederick T. Butler, Austin Seward, Richard Hardesty, Ellis Stone and Jobn Graham.
The building was erected in 1835, was a brick structure 30x50 feet, two stories high, containing two large halls and four smaller rooms. The halls were the principal recitation rooms, and extra care was ordered taken by the Trustees to have them well ventilated. The doors and windows were ordered thrown open at hours of intermission, until the entire volume of air had been renewed. Single desks were ordered to take the place of longer desks, to prevent crowding and discomfort. The first Principal, employed in 1835, was Cornelius Pering, A. M., a profes- sional teacher, never having been engaged in any other pursuit, who about
473
BLOOMINGTON TOWNSHIP AND CITY.
two years previous to his appointment had removed from London, En- gland, to Indiana, and had opened in Bloomington, as already noticed, the first female institute in the State. He had been educated at the Royal Academy, London, and had become a member of the London Literary and Scientific Institute. He was eminently qualified for the position, which he filled with the highest credit to himself for thirteen years. His assistant was Mrs. Hinkston, a lady of unusual mental and moral en- dowments, who had herself been educated at the seminary. From the summer of 1835 to September, 1842-a period of seven years-nearly four hundred young ladies finished the seminary course. The following tabular statement shows the attendance:
Summer session, 1835.
56 pupils.
Winter session, 1835-36
38 pupils.
Summer session, 1836.
48 purils.
Winter session, 1836-37.
37 pupils.
Summer session. 1837.
62 pupils.
Winter session, 1837-38.
61 purils.
Summer session, 1838.
62 pupils.
Winter session, 1838-39
46 pupils.
Summer session, 1839.
68 pupils.
Winter session, 1839-40. 60 pupils.
Summer session. 1840.
79 pupils.
Winter session, 1840-41
50 pupils.
Summer session, 1841.
42 pupils.
Winter session, 1841-42.
44 pupils.
Summer session, 1842.
42 pupils.
Total.
795 pupils.
The courses of instruction were divided into three departments- primary, juniors and seniors-and the branches taught in the three de- partments were as follows :
Primary .- Orthography, reading, writing, first lessons in arithmetic and Parley's geography and history ; tuition, $5. Junior Class .- Orthography, rhetorical reading and speaking, writing in various hands, arithmetic in a manner calculated to insure practical utility, modern geography and history, English grammar and composition ; tuition, $8. Senior Class .- Ancient and modern geography and history, English grammar completed, natural philosophy, chemistry, astronomy, geometry, mental and moral philosophy, rhetorical composition, etc .; tuition, $10. Extra Studies .- French, $8 ; music, with the use of piano, $10; draw- ing and painting in water colors, $8; painting in crayon and oil, $10; short-hand, $3. There were two sessions annually of five months each, the summer session commencing the first Monday in May, and the second the first Monday in November.
The seminary was conducted by Prof. Pering with increasing popu- larity and merit until about 1849, when Mrs. E. J. McFerson succeeded him. In July, 1855, the News Letter published the following regarding her success :
Our readers will find a notice in another place of the Examination and Commence- ment exercises of the Monroe County (Mrs. McFerson's) Female Seminary, to take place next week. The name of Mrs. McFerson, the excellent Principal of this school, is & praise in"our midst. By untiring efforts for seven or eight years she has made the academy what it is, the pride and ornament of the place, and has won a higher and wider reputation as an educator than any lady in Indiana. We hope there will be a large at- tendance at the Examination and Commencement exercises.
474
HISTORY OF MONROE COUNTY.
The seminary had greatly increased in usefulness under the superin- tendence of this lady-not that it was not excellent under Prof. Pering, but the growth of the town, the presence of the railroad, and the advanced views on educational questions, led the management of the institution into innovations on obsolescent customs, and into theories and practices more in accordance with the times. The school was the pride of the town, and the lady was universally beloved for her rare elements of mind and heart. In 1855, a change was made in the mode of support, as will be seen from the following advertisement of the seminary :
MONROE COUNTY FEMALE ACADEMY .- This institution will open its fall session on Thursday. the 20th of September, 1855, under the charge and superintendence of the undersigned. She would state to the public that a change has been made in the manage- ment of the institution. Under the present arrangement it is to be self-sustaining. She has agreed to take charge of the school and furnish her own teachers, subject to the ap- proval of the Board of Trustees, receiving as a compensation the tuition fees. She there- fore asks a liberal patronage from the public, and requests prompt payment for her services.
TUITION FEES.
Primary Department. $3.00
Secondary .
4.00
Preparatory. 5.00
Seminary proper .. 6.00
Music, with the use of the piano. 10.00
A contingent fee of 50 cents will be added to the fall session for the purpose of fur- nishing wood.
E. J. McFERSON, Principal.
BLOOMINGTON, September 14.
In 1857, Prof. E. P. Cole succeeded Mrs. McFerson as Principal of the seminary .* The following was the announcement of the Trustees in 1858 :
MONROE COUNTY FEMALE SEMINARY.
Located at Bloomington, Monroe County, Ind., on the New Albany & Salem Railroad.
BOARD OF INSTRUCTORS :
E. P. COLE, Principal, MISS LOUISA M. MORGAN,
MRS. E. P. COLE, Assistants.
MISS MARGARET MCCALLA,
The next term of this institution will open on Monday, 13th of September next, and continue thirteen weeks.
BOARDING .- Good board can be had in private families at prices varying from $2.00 to $2.25 per week. Desirable facilities are afforded for ladies wishing to board themselves.
Arrangements will be made by which young ladies can be boarded in private fam- ilies, into which no male boarders will be received, and where a careful supervision of health and the morals of the students will be exercised.
CHARGES FOR TUITION .- Tuition in the Primary Department, $4 per term ; Inter- mediate, $5.50; Academic, $6.50 to $8.50.
No charges for contingencies.
Music, $10 per term. Use of instrument for practice, $2 extra.
Drawing, painting, and fancy work in general will be taught at extra prices.
The entire expense of a student for one year need not exceed $130. This in- cludes boarding, fuel, lights, washing, books and tuition in all the branches except music, drawing, painting and fancy work.
Tuition and other charges must be met promptly within the first two weeks of the term, at which time bills will be forwarded.
No allowance for lost time, except in case of protracted illness upon the part of the student herself. This position is taken. that all inducements to irregularity may be removed. Irregular students receive but little benefit from their casual attend- ance, and likewise occasion much trouble, both to the teacher and also to the class with which they are associated. By order of the board. € M. C. HUNTER, Sec'y. REV. WILLIAM TURNER, President. BLOOMINGTON, Aug. 20, 1858.
* It will be observed that the advertisement speaks of the institution as an academy. It was, really, the Monroe County Female Seminary, made so by the Legislature in 1832-33.
475
BLOOMINGTON TOWNSHIP AND CITY.
Prof. Cole continued at the head of this institution until 1863. At that time the high school was founded, taking from the faithful old sem- inary its usefulness-or much of it-though it still continued, under vari- ous Principals-Rev. J. S. Reed being one-to hold forth educational inducements. Its day, however, was soon over. The building is now used as a dwelling.
THE MODEL SCHOOL.
A school which flourished for a few years, as a sort of preparatory de- partment of the university, was the Model School, conducted by Prof. H. D. Riddile. The following was the advertisement :
THE MODEL SCHOOL .- The next session of the Model School of the Indiana Univer- sity will commence on Thursday, April 30, 1857, which is the first day of the college term.
TERMS :
Orthography, Reading and Penmanship. $3.00 Primary Geography, Mental Arithmetic and History .. 3,50
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