USA > Indiana > Orange County > History of Lawrence, Orange, and Washington counties, Indiana : from the earliest time to the present, together with interesting biographical sketches, reminiscences, notes, etc > Part 62
USA > Indiana > Washington County > History of Lawrence, Orange, and Washington counties, Indiana : from the earliest time to the present, together with interesting biographical sketches, reminiscences, notes, etc > Part 62
USA > Indiana > Lawrence County > History of Lawrence, Orange, and Washington counties, Indiana : from the earliest time to the present, together with interesting biographical sketches, reminiscences, notes, etc > Part 62
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526
HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
VOLUNTEERING, DRAFTING, RECRUITING, ETC., LATE IN 1864 AND EARLY IN 1865.
In September, 1864, about ten men were sent into the One Hundred and Fortieth Regiment. These were raised under the call of July 18, 1864, for 500.000 men for one, two and three years. The enlistment of men was very slow. The county's strength had been fully tested during the early years of the war, and the people remaining were willing to let the law take its course, trusting that the draft would strike others than their loved ones. In October, 1864. quite a heavy draft occurred throughout the county, the exact number being unknown, but probably over 100. After the draft those drafted were given an opportunity of redeeming themselves by volunteering, which many no doubt did. The quota was thus nearly or quite filled. Under the last call of the war for volunteers (December 19, 1864, for 300,000 men for three years) but little effort was made to raise men until it was seen that the Rebellion was tottering on the bloody brink of the "last ditch." Then there was quite a rush, especially by the stay-at-homes, to get into the army in order to share in the honor and glory. About thirty men in January and February, 1865, entered the One Hundred and Forty-fourth Regiment, about twenty entered the One Hundred and Forty-fifth Regiment, and over 100 men drafted, volunteers or substitutes, entered the Fifty-third Regiment from October, 1864, to March, 1865. The men under the call of December 19, 1864, were not raised without a third draft for the county in March, 1865, but by the 14th of April. 1865. when all efforts to raise volunteers in the State were abandoned, the county had a surplus over all former calls of sixty-one men. The result in the county under the calls of February, March and July, 1864, and the responses to the draft of October, 1864, prior to January 1. 1865, is shown by the follow- ing table:
TOWNSHIPS.
Quuta under call of Fels-
Quota under call of M'rch
Quota under call fuly 1x.'
Total of quotas and defi-
ciencies.
New recrulla.
Veterans.
U'relits by draft.
ments and dran
Three years,
Surplus.
Orangeville .
15
6
18
30
5
6
39
12
27
Orleans
34
14
33
81
86
30
118
116
35
Northwest
11
4
14
29
17
11
12
18
1
French Lick
19
23
49
33
15
1
499
Jackson
16
8
17
39
11
39
18
21
Greenfield.
24
10
61
41
19
23
39
1
Paoli ..
53
21
49
123
146
33
179
179
56
Stampers Creek
15
6
14
35
61
19
Northeast.
19
23
50
35
5
11
5!
16
35
1
Totals.
236
250
580
495
11%
67
96
584
100
. .
.
85
13
80
6
Southeast
30
1:2
ruary 1. 1864.
14, 18/14.
Credits by voluntary enlistments.
Total credits by culist-
"ine year.
...
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1
1
527
HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
The enlistments from December 19, 1864, to January 1, 1865, under the call of the former date have been counted in this table. The num - ber is not known, but was not probably as many as the surplus above shown of 100 men. The county managed in some way at each call for men to fill her quo a. If it could not be done by volunteering, it was done by hiring white or colored substitutes, or through the draft. From January 1, 1865, to April 14, 1865, at which last date efforts to raise troops in the State were abandoned, the following table shows the result:
TOWNSHIPS.
Second enrollment.
Quots under call of De-
Surplus December 19,
Total of quotas and den-
ciencies
New Recruits
Veterans.
Credits by draft.
Total credits by enlist-
One year.
Two years.
Three years
Surplus.
Orangeville
74
10
10
9
1 10
9
1
Orleans ..
162
1 22
22
Northwest
39
4
4
4
...
4
4
....
French Lick
112
8
8
9
8
..
Jackson ..
58
12
12
12
12
12
Greenfield
112
19
19
8
11
19
19
Paoli ..
253
35
1
1
36
Stampers Creek.
68
12
12
11
1
12
12
1
....
Southeast.
145
2
. .
12
12
12
18
. .
..
Totals.
1114
79
57
79
37
1
45
83
81
1
1
61
SUMMARY OF MEN FURNISHED BY THE COUNTY.
It is impossible to give the exact number of men furnished by the county for the war. but the approximate number can be given. On the 19th of September. 1862, the county was credited with having furnished 1.023 volunteers for the war. As she afterward filled all her quotas, either by voluntary enlistments or by draft, the approximate number of men furnished can be found. Her quota under the June call of 1863, was not less than fifty men, and her quota under the October call of 1863 was 186 men. All these were furnished. Her quota under the call of February, 1864, was 236; under the call of March. 1864. was 94. and under the call of July, 1864, was 250. Under these three calls aggregating 580 men, the county actually furnished 680 men or a surplus of 100. Her quota under the last call of the war, December 19, 1864, was 136, but this number was reduced by surpluses to 79 men, which the county furnished together with a surplus of 61. It is also certain that the county furnished at least 150 men for the war who were not placed to her credit. but left and entered regiments and companies raised else- where. Adding the numbers 1,023. 50, 186, 680, 79, 61 and 150, the grand total of 2.229 is obtained as the approximate credits of the county.
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5
5
5
. .
3
Northeast
91
12
..
('redita by voluntary enlistments
ments and draft.
censher 19, 1864.
1864
..
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HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
Of course each man has been counted as often as he enlisted, which in some cases was three times. This is an excellent showing for the county.
COUNTY BOUNTY AND RELIEF.
As early as July 8, 1861, the County Commissioners were called upon to make an appropriation out of the County Treasury for the support of soldiers' families, and the following is the action taken: " Whereas, sundry petitions having been presented asking an appropriation by the Board from the county treasury, for the benefit of the families of those who have or may volunteer in the service of the United States as soldiers to be applied as necessity may require: it is the opinion of the Board upon due consideration, that there is no law authorizing such an appro- priation, therefore the Board has no authority to make such appropria- tion, and this cause is dismissed." This action seems to have been annulled, as in September 9, 1861. the Township Trustees were directed to obtain the names of all fam"ies likely to suffer from the absence of husband, father, etc., in the army, and to report the same to the County Board. On the 23d of September, the Board appointed for each civil township one person to superintend the distribution of relief fund to needy soldiers' families. The following were these appointments: Paoli Township, Hiram Trueblood; Northeast, George Trimble; Orleans, Thomas B. Walker; Orangeville, John A. Ritter; Northwest, L. D. Laf. ferty; French Lick, W. W. McCracken; Jackson, James N. Marlett; Greenfield, John B. Kendall; Southeast, William Holaday; Stampers Creek, William Gilliland. These Superintendents were directed to fur. nish needed articles to the soldiers' families, and report the same to the County Board. Prior to June, 1862, there was thus paid out $433.91. This good work was continued as needs required during the war, and for several years afterward. The table below will show the total amount thus paid out.
So far as can be learned, the first bounty offered by the county for volunteers was under the October call, 1863, for 186 men. December 25, 1863, the County Board "Ordered, that the Auditor of Orange County issue as extra bounty, an order on the Treasurer of said county for the sum of $100, payable one year after date, with interest from date, to each volunteer, not exceeding 186, who shall be accepted and sworn in as a soldier in the service of the United States, and be credited to Orange County upon the call for 300,000 men, now made by the Presi- dent of the United States, to assist in suppressing the present Rebellion: Provided, however, that said Auditor shall not issue said orders until said volunteers shall produce and file in this office, the certificate of his Captain or Colonel, that said volunteer has been so accepted, sworn in and entered the service in good faith." The following table taken from the Adjutant General's Reports exhibits the bounty and relief paid by the county:
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HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
Bounty.
Relief.
Miscella-
Orange County
$19,220
$1,976 75
$31
Paoli Township.
500 00
Northeast Township.
2.475
100 00
Orleans Township.
700 00
Orangeville Township.
3,000
1,600 00
Northwest Township ..
500 00
French Lick Township.
300 00
Jackson Township ..
300 00
Greenfield Township
300 00
Southeast Township.
1,750
500 00
Stampers Creek Township.
3,491
600 00
Totals.
$29,936
$7.376 75 $31
Grand total.
៛37.843 75
OPPOSITION TO THE CONTINUANCE OF THE WAR.
During the latter part of the war a strong sentiment in opposition to its continuance was developed in the county. This sentiment came from the best classes of people, was conscientious, earnest, and was due to the close relations with the South, whence such people had come. Many residents of the county had been born and raised in the South, were familiar with her customs and laws, respected her institutions, and had a warmer love for her interests, naturally so, than for those of the North. It is then no wonder that they should show warmer interests for South- ern people than for Northern people. This state of affairs led during the latter part of the war to the opposition mentioned. The conspiracy whose avowed object was the separation of the Northwestern States from the Union, if not actual assistance to the South, took a strong hold on Orange County, principally through the influence of one of the most prominent, intelligent and magnetic of the resident Southern sympathiz. ers. This able man, Dr. William A Bowles, who had often represented the county in the State Legislature, became, it is said, a Major-General in the secret order of the Sons of Liberty or Knights of the Golden Circle, in which organization he wielded a powerful influence. In 1864 he. with other leaders in different parts of the State, was arrested and taken to Indianapolis and was there tried for certain public acts and was sentenced to death. The sentence was approved, the day of execution fixed and preparations were made to carry the sentence into effect, when, through the earnest solicitations of Gov. Morton and other prominent men, the sentence was commuted to imprisonment in the Ohio Peniten- tiary at Columbus. After a time he was pardoned and sent home.
SOLDIERS' AND LADIES' SOCIETIES.
No definite statement can be made concerning the amount of relief furnished by ladies' or soldiers' aid societies. That several societies of
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530
HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
this kind were organized in the county is certain, as is also the fact that supplies of bandages, lints, clothing, dried fruits, provisions, etc., were sent to the hospitals and to the camps of the home boys. The facts in detail cannot be given, however, as no record was kept. Such a society was organized at Pauli and another at Orleans, and likely several were organized in the country at populous localities.
CHAPTER VIII.
RELIGIOU'S HISTORY OF THE COUNTY-THE CHURCHES OF PAOLI WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THEIR FORMATION AND GROWTH-THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS AND THE NAMES OF MEMBERS AND MINISTERS - THE CHURCHES OF OTHER TOWNS-THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS OR QUAKERS- THE ORGANIZATION AND GROWTH OF SUNDAY SCHOOLS-CIRCUITS, DISTRICTS, CONFERENCES OR MISSIONS-COUNTRY CHURCH SOCITIES- INTERESTING ANECDOTES AND REMINISCENCES.
THE Methodist and the Presbyterian Churches of Paoli were organ- L ized about the same time, not far from the year 1820. It is proba- ble that religious services were held in the town before that date, as early. doubtless, as 1817, though the most reliable accounts, in the absence of trustworthy records or authentic records of any character, fix the date of permanent organization at about the year 1820. But little can be given of the early existence of the societies. Meetings were held in the old stone court house. Circuit riders from the older localities began to preach in that editice as soon as it was ready for occupancy, about the year 1818-19. Soun sufficient interest was aroused and the Methodists effected an organization. Among the earliest mem- bera were Edward, John and Reuben Moore and their families, Edward Millis and family, David Stucker, John Kiger, Benoni and Elizabeth Jackson, John Throop, Sr., who, it is said, was virtually the founder of the church, his house being the stopping place for years of the circuit riders who supplied the society; he it was who instituted the first Sunday. school in the church and stood at its head for years; Joel and Edward Kearby and their families, Giles C. Smith, Lewis F. Wilson, James Craig, Levi Gifford, Mrs. James Collins, Samuel Morgan. James Dishon, Adam Fulton, Rev. Draper Chipman, the Depews. Ruth McVey, George Meacham, Anderson Meacham, Marian Coffin and several of her sons, Louisa Campbell and others whose names are forgotton. The society has been in existence since 1820. The names of the early ministers cannot be given. In 1837 G. C. Smith, Lewis F. Wilson, William Hig. gins, John T. Throop, Sr. and Henry Shirley were Trustees of the church and Rev. James Balee was pastor in charge. In March, 1837,
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HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
Thomas Pitts sold to these Trustees for $50, Lot 181 in Paoli. David Osborn was one of the Trustees in 1838. Henry Miller and Edward Kearby were Trustees in 1840. G. C. Smith was a lawyer, but he relinquished that profession and adopted that of the ministry, and served the society for several years. Benjamin Polson was a Trustee in 1840. It was about this time that the society received several large accessions through the medium of revivals. In about 1841, the land across the creek south of town was fitted up and used as a camp-meeting ground. Here it was that for four or five years annual camp-meetings of about one month's duration each, were held. Many outsiders joined, and many of them afterward "backslid." The meetings were very interesting. It is said that one of the ministers had remarkable lung power, and on any still, clear evening in autumn could be heard shouting the anathemas of the church for a distance of over two miles up and down the valley of Lick Creek. Among the minister's early in the furties and late in the thirties, were Revs. Guthrie, Kemp, McIntire, Whitten and others. Among the later ministers were Chipman, Powell, Rose, Trainer, Layton, Ames, Jackson, Cornelius, Chapman, Bell, Schwartz, Jones, Tellee, Schamahorn, Eller, Webb, Wells, Miller and the present pastor, N. E. Boring. Revs. Guthrie, Chipman and others held revivals of long duration and great success. Over fifty converts joined under the former. In later years Schamahorn held the largest revival, proba- bly, in the history of the church. About seventy-five joined, and at one time about sixty were "sprinkled " by the pastor. This was doing work for the Lord by wholesale. The society met in the court house until the old church was built in about 1838. The building was about as large on the ground as the present structure, but was higher, and was con - structed of lumber furnished largely by donation from Methodists, Presbyterians and outsiders. Judge Simpson, a Presbyterian, gave the equivalent of several hundred dollars toward the church. The structure was erected by all with the understanding that the two denominations then in town-the Methodists and Presbyterians-should alternately occupy it. During the forties the Methodists secured exclusive owner- ship of the house, which was used by them until the present building was erected in 1890 at a cost of about $3,000, including furniture and lot. The dedication took place July 31, 1880, the Rev. Joseph S. Wood officiating. The society is in a prosperous condition, and owns a com - fortable parsonage.
The Presbyterian society at Paoli was organized fully as early as that of the Methodists. It is said by one of the oldest members of the organi - zation that this society was organized before the Methodists. Rev. William Martin. a very able man for that day, and a Christian of deep piety, had visited Paoli as early as 1818, where he had preached to the few resident families. Soon afterward. possibly 1819, certainly as early
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HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
as 1820, he formed a small class, and thus laid the foundation of Presby. terianism in Paoli. Among the very first members were John H. Camp- bell, Mrs. Eleanor Campbell, Dr. Shields, Joseph Potts, Mrs. Meriam, and several of her family, John G. Clendenin, Mrs. Eliza Brown, who afterward became Mrs. Wise, of Vincennes, Mrs. Helen Lewis, three or four members of the Liggett family, Elder James Clemmons, John Fraser, A. J. Simpson, T. V. Thornton, Mrs. Payne, Mrs. Dougherty, the Misses Parker, several membersof the White family, Elder David Hudel- son, Elder John Springer, several of the Cook family, Mrs. H. T. Moxley, Mrs. T. N. Braxtan, Mrs. Woolfolk, Miss Mary Braxtan, William H. Hudel- son, Mrs. Judge Pearson, Martha and Mary Dougherty and others. The Trustees of the church in 1843 were Thomas V. Thornton, John G. Clendenin, Arthur J. Simpson, Daniel Dayhuff and Cornelius White. At this time meetings of the society were held in the seminary; but steps were taken to build a church, as, a short time before this, the Methodists had obtained absolute control of the old building. The contract for build. ing a frame church was let to William H. Harmon for 8750, of which amount $250 was to be paid in corn, wheat, potatoes, etc. This building is yet in use. Several stated to the writer that this church was built about the year 1850, and as no records were accessible, the date of erec. tion is in some doubt. John R. Simpson says it was built about 1941-43. As stated above, the venerable William Martin was the founder of the society, and its pastor for many years. It is stated also, that Rev. Martin taught one of the first schools in Paoli. Rev. Mr. Hart was prob- ably Rev. Martin's successor. Rev. Mr. Ennis came later, as did Rev. J. T. Martin, and since have been Rovs. Aubee, J. G. Williamson, John McCrea, Samuel Barr, and Francis Simms, the last pastor. The society is now without a resident pastor. John Lyle Martin, a nephew of William Martin, was an early minister of the society. He was a man of high natural talent, and became eminent in the ministry. He afterward went to China in the interest of his church, and is there yet. He is a noted linguist, a profound student of biblical lore, and is the American authority on all Chinese questions. He often, in his earlier ministra- tions, visited the Paoli society and there gave evidence of his power in sermons that are yet green in the hearts of his congregation. This society has had numerous revivals. Late in the thirties the eminent President of Hanover College held a revival at Paoli, and secured about thirty new members, among whom were T. V. Thornton, A. J. Simpson, and others of equal prominence. Later, in the forties, another was held on which occasion about fifty joined. This minister, whose name is not remembered, possessed great personal magnetism and unusual forensic power. In one of his strongest sermons he told the story of a boy brought up by a loving Christian mother, and described with thrilling effect the efforts made by the mother to prevent her gifted boy from
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HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
wrecking his bright and promising life in sin, drunkenness and crime. He pictured the profligacy of the boy, and the tears and sleepless nights of the mother, and when his congregation were wrought up to the highest pitch, he hesitated for a minute and then leaning forward exclaimed in an intense whisper that went to every heart, "That boy was I." The effect upon his congregation was electrical, and when he grandly des- cribed how, by the grace of God, his mother had rescned him and brought him back to Christianity, and dedicated his life to the service of the Master, half his congregation were shouting or in tears. It was at this revival that the Doughertys, the Parkers and others joined. Later revivals have been held, but not so noted.
The Baptist Church of Paoli was organized in May, 1868, the first members being Mary A. Wallace, Margaret Wallace, Lorinda Wallace, A. J. Dickey, Sr., Belinda Dickey, Mary Clancy, Louisa C. Potter, Henry Dickey, L. B. Cogswell, Elizabeth Cogswell, John Jones and E. J. Jones. Since then the following have joined: M. E. Cogswell, Cath- erine Dickey, Joan Lingle, John Dixon, Huldah Pro, Elizabeth Pro, Nancy A. Hunt, Martha Dickey, Lydia A. Dickey, Deborah Dickey, David Clancy, Carrie Wallace, Ellen Guy, B. F. Holaday, Eli Holaday, Mar- garet H. Dickey, Mary J. Dickey, A. J. Dickey, Jr., George W. Beswick, Harriet Beswick, Annis Beswick, Ary Beswick, Sarilda Holtsclaw, Samuel Dalton, George Pinnick, Mary Merrill, Angeline Gaustine, James Jones, Eliza Holtsclaw, S. M. Stalcup, Lucinda Gaustine, Mariam Busha, Emory Busha, Caroline Kibler, Sarah Gross and George Stout. The first pastor was Rev. J. B. Porter, a very worthy man. The second was Wright San- ders, the third J. M. Kendall, and the fourth J. K. Howard, the present pastor, who visits the society monthly from Livonia. While Rev. Kent- dall was pastor an effort that was nearly successful was made to build a church, but failed, no doubt, by reason of the expiration of Mr. Kendall's appointment. He was the prime mover of the attempt, and secured a subscription of over $800. The society at first met in the churches of the Methodists and Presbyterians, but now occupies the court room.
No doubt the Friends or Quakers were the first to hold religions serv- ices in Paoli Township. Members of this sect had come in for perma- nent settlement as early as the war of 1812, and no doubt at that time founded their organizations, which endure until the present day. It is likely that the old Lick Creek Meeting-house on Section 8, Township 1 north. Range 1 east, was erected as early as 1813, and was, without ques- tion, the first structure of the kind in the county. It was built of logs, and was used about twelve years, and was then replaced by another erected in the same place, and this in turn was used until the present one was built, about twenty-five years ago. Among the early members of this class were Thomas Maris, William Lindley, Jonathan Lindley, Owen Lindley, Sr., John Maris, George Maris, Robert Hollowell and his sons,
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HISTORY OF ORANGE COUNTY.
Enoch Thompson, James Crane, David Lindley, Ephraim Doan, Samuel Chambers, John, Jesse and George Towel, Silas Dixon, and many others. Amy Moore was an early preacher of this denomination. All are famil- iar with the peculiar customs of the Quakers, how different they were from the other denominations of Christians. Eleanor Chambers was an early preacher. This class is yet in existence with the great-grandchil- dren of the early settlers as members. In about 1818 the Newbury Meet- ing-house of the Friends, situated west of Paoli on the old Indian bound- ary line, was built of logs, and was used many years. It stood on Section 34, Township 2 north, Range 1 west, and on the twenty.eighth day of the eleventh month, 1826, the Trustees of this society, Abraham Osborn, Thomas Lindley and Ebenezer Doan, bought two acres for $50, of Alex- ander Clark and Henry Towel. This was the land upon which the old church was then standing, having been built there by the sufferance of the owners. The above men were the leading members of this society at that time. Prominent, also, were Joseph Allison, Noah Hadley. Jesse Towel, Ephraim Doan and many others, including the families of the above. This old society yet endures. Another early society of the Quak- ers was in the southern part of Paoli Township at Beach Chapel. This was a branch of the Lick Creek Church, and its early members were the above-named families and others. The church was built about 1826, and has been succeeded by several others. The Farlows, Joneses, Moores Atkissons, Lindleys. Doans and Towels were prominently connected with this society at a little later date. The various organizations of Friends have exerted a powerful influence upon the morals of the county.
A society of Methodists was organized in Paoli Township about four miles east of the county seat about the year 1835, and there flourished for many years. The Kearbys and Robbinses were founders and proini- nent members. Joel C. Kearby, Edward Kearby, Daniel Robbins, Eze- kiel Robbins and Jacob Robbins were Trustees in 1840. This society was the foundation of the Methodist Church of Chambersburg. Many residents of the northeastern part of the township have for many years attended the old Mount Pleasant Baptist Church on the line between Paoli and Orleans Townships. Moore's Chapel, west of the line, in French Lick Township, has been attended for fifty years by the residents of western Paoli Township. It is said that the first Sunday school in the county was founded and conducted about three miles northwest of Paoli by Rev. William Martin as early as 1822-23. Nothing is known of its success and continuance except that it was abandoned within a few years by the removal of its patrons and its pastor.
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