USA > Indiana > Orange County > History of Lawrence, Orange, and Washington counties, Indiana : from the earliest time to the present, together with interesting biographical sketches, reminiscences, notes, etc > Part 95
USA > Indiana > Washington County > History of Lawrence, Orange, and Washington counties, Indiana : from the earliest time to the present, together with interesting biographical sketches, reminiscences, notes, etc > Part 95
USA > Indiana > Lawrence County > History of Lawrence, Orange, and Washington counties, Indiana : from the earliest time to the present, together with interesting biographical sketches, reminiscences, notes, etc > Part 95
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During the winter of 1861-62 but few men left the county for the war. The citizens anxiously watched and waited. As the news of the battles of Millsprings. Fort Donelson, Pittsburg Landing, etc., reached the county. the Union successes were applauded and hope gave place to gloom. During the spring aid societies were organized in the county. About the first of June, 1862, a call was made for a company for the three months' service by J. H. Redfield, L. S. Hopkins, E. M. Butler and Henry Corthum. The Fourth of July was celebrated in five or six places in the county.
CAPTAIN REDFIELD'S COMPANY.
Under the call of July 2, 1862, for 300,000 meu, the county began to stir herself. The Advocate and Banner of Liberty came out vigorously
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
for volunteers. By the 16th of July Capt. J. H. Redtield and others had raised a full company for the reorganized Sixteenth Regiment. On the 22d of July the company was presented with a beautiful flag by Miss Sallie J. Raybill on behalf of the ladies of New Philadelphia. L. W. Jamison replied on behalf of the company, and three rousing cheers were given for the fair donors. Soon after this the company joined its regiment, its officers being James H. Redfield, Captain; Cyrus Raybill. First Lieutenant; John N. Thompson, Second Lieutenant. It became Company B and was mustered August 18.
SKETCH OF THE SIXTEENTH REGIMENT.
The Sixteenth Regiment, reorganized May 27, 1862, was mustered in August 19, 1862, with Col. T. J. Lucas in command, and on that day left for Kentucky to assist in repelling Kirby Smith. August 30 it fought at Richmond, Ky., losing the appalling number of 200 men killed and wounded and 600 prisoners. The prisoners were paroled and sent to Indianapolis, and were exchanged November 1. November 20 it moved to Cairo, thence to Memphis. and December 1 down the river on the Vicksburg campaign, marching on the way sixty-five miles in thirty six hours, cutting the Texas & Shreveport Railroad at Dallas, swimming two bayous, destroying ten miles of railroad, and burning $1,000,000 worth of rebel cotton. January 1, 1863, it fought at Chickasaw Bayou, and January 10 reached Arkansas Post and skirmished with the enemy. On the following day it fought there gallantly, losing seventy seven men killed and wounded, and was the first to plant its colors on the fort. Later in January it worked on the canal at Young's Point. April 14 it moved from Milliken's Bend to Smith's plantation; thence moved to Per- kins's plantation, thence to Hard Times Lau ling: thence moved below Grand Gulf and encamped. April 30 it moved to Bruinsburg; thence moved toward Port Gibson. May 1 it engaged the enemy late in the day, and May 2 moved into Port Gibson. May 16 it skirmished near Edward's Station, and later fought at Black River Bridge. May 19 it entered the trenches before Vicksburg. May 22 it was hotly engaged for nearly ten continuons hours, often within a few feet of the enemy's works. During the siege it lost sixty men killed aud wounded. It par- ticipated in the Jackson movement, then returned to Vicksburg, then moved to New Orleans, where it was mounted. It guarded numerous points, joined the expedition in October up Baron Teche, skirmishing continually until January 2, 1864. then returned to New Orleans. It was then refitted and remounted. and then moved with Gen. Banks up Red River, participating in this expedition in sixteen engagements. It then did outpost duty until innstered ont June 30. 1965. It was traus. ferred to the Thirteenth Indiana Cavalry early in 1965. Indianapolis was reached July 10. The recruits with nnexpired terms were transferred to the Thirteenth Cavalry.
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
OTHER EVENTS AND WAR COMPANIES.
On Saturday, the 2d of August, 1862, an enormous war meeting was held on the fair ground. east of Salem, 5,000 people being present. Rev. Henry Wright was Chairman for the occasion. James A. Cravens deliv- ered a long speech before basket dinner was served. taking the position of vigorously prosecuting the war. After dinner Col. Roger Martin took the stand and inade a thrilling and thoroughly loyal address of an hour's length. He was followed by H. S. McRae, Esq. A series of patriotic resolutions introduced by J. H. Butler was adopted. A subscription of $115.50 was raised for soldiers' families. The enlistment of men rapidly continued under hard work and threats of the draft. A company of 107 inen raised in the county uuder Capt. J. N. Rodman was the first in camp early in August for the Sixty-sixth Regiment, and thus won a prize of $400. The officers were: Jasper N. Rodman, Captain; Samuel P. Reid. First Lieutenant; William H. Peters, Second Lieutenant. It became Company B. About the same time another company raised at Saltillo left and became Company A of the Sixty sixth, with the fol- lowing officers: John F. Baird, Captain; Charles H. Cornwell, First Lieutenant: Archibald Baxter, Second Lieutenant. Company F of the Sixty-sixth Regiment was also raised in the vicinity of Little York, and officered as follows: Alfred Morris, Captain; Chester P. Davis, First Lieutenant; George R. Davis, Second Lieutenant. Company H of the same regiment was also almost wholly from Fredericksburg and vicinity, and was officered as follows: James D. McPheeters, Captain; William N. Bringle, First Lieutenant; David Simpson, Second Lieutenant. Com. pany K of this regiment contained about fifteen men from the county. In all, there were in the Sixty sixth, from Washington County about four complete companies. The sketch of the Sixty-sixth Regiment will be found in Part III of this volume. Dr. D. W. Voyles served as Assistant Surgeon and Surgeon, Dr. J. R. Bare the same, and Dr. S. F. Martin as Assistant Surgeon, of the regiment. Roger Martin went out as Lien- tenant.Colonel, and in March, 1564, was made Colonel.
CAPT. BANTA'S COMPANY.
Early in Angust, 1862, a company was raised in the county for the Fifth Cavalry (Ninetieth Regiment). The men became Company E, and were officered as follows: James P. Banta, Captain: William H. Ward, First Lieutenant: William M. Coffin. Second Lieutenant. The company was mustered in August 18. In 1564 John S. Logan was Reg- imental Quartermaster. The companies were at first variously distrib. uted in Indiana. Company E. in December. 1862, being placed at Can- nelton. In February several moved to Glasgow, Ky. It scouted for some time and encountered the enemy April IS and 19. It burned Celina, Tenn .. and skirmished and scouted. and early in July joined iu the pur
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suit of Gen. Morgan. July 19 it headed Morgan's forces at Buffington Island, killing and capturing many. It then moved back to Kentucky, camping at Glasgow. Late in August it moved to Knoxville; thence on the Smoky Mountain expedition; did post duty at Greenville, encounter. . ing the enemy on picket; skirmished on the Bristol expedition; fought two hours near Zollicoffer, and briskly near Blountsville: fought 3,000 rebels October 11, near Henderson's Hill, and was forced back, fighting hotly hand to hand, losing and killing many, and finally cut its way out; renewed the fight near Rheatown; fought again desperately near Blounts- ville October 14; did post duty at Jonesboro and elsewhere and took part in many movements; fought the evening of November 30 and all Decem. ber 1, near Maynardville; fought nearly all the next day while falling back; fought December 14 and 15 desperately hand to hand near Bean Station; skirmished often near Mossy Creek; fought at Dandridge Jan. mary 17, charging on foot three-fourths of a mile, forcing back the enemy and in turn falling back, retreating during the night; January 26 scouted on foot to Pigeon Creek, thence moved to Cumberland Gap. and February 26 to Mount Sterling. Here it was remounted and retitted. It then in May joined Stoneman in Georgia. On the Atlanta campaign it was actively engaged almost every day. July 30 it fought near Macon: then destroyed railroads and stores. July 31 fought near Hills- boro, and was left on the field to check the enemy while the remainder of the Federal forces escaped, and was thus captured, under the protest of Col. Butler. Early in 1865 it located at and near Pulaski, Tenn., where it skirmished with bushwhackers and did guard duty. and was finally mus. tered out June 16, 1865. The regiment fought in twenty-two battles and skirmishes, marched 2,400 miles, moved 1,000 miles by water, cap- tured 640 prisoners, lost thirty four killed in action, thirteen by wounds. 115 in rebel prisons, seventy-four in hospitals, seventy-two wounded in action, 497 captured by the enemy, six officers wounded, one killed, sev- enteen taken prisoners; total casualties 829.
THE DRAFT OF OCTOBER, 1862.
On the 19th of September the total county militia enrolled was 2.352. total volunteers 1,339, total exempt 493, total opposed to bearing arms 35, total volunteers 'in the service 1,272, total subject to draft 1.824. The enlistment of men continued until the last day, but the county could not wholly escape the draft of October 6, 1862. James T. Campbell was Draft Commissioner; James F. Cutshaw, Provost Marshal; E. S. Crozier, Surgeon. Twelve men were drafted in Pierce Township and four in Polk-in all sixteen men. This brought the county up to all her former qnotas. After the draft the county settled down again to watching and waiting.
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
ULTRA POLITICAL VIEWS.
During the winter of 1862-63, the Democrat (Horace Heffren, edi- tor), was extremely bitter and ultra on the questions growing out of the war. The issue of January 1, 1863, said: "This is the day Abraham Lincoln is to proclaim all the negroes free in the rebellious States. Such an act is a violation of the Constitution, without warrant or form of law. Will the American people always submit to tyrants? Will they become base hirelings? Will they become slaves of a more than dictator? Will they long continue to tamely be insulted and mocked at? Will they.not send forth a mighty shout against the act and deed ?" In the next issue the course of the President in proclaiming the slaves free was denounced in the severest terms. The paper took the position at this time for a vigorous prosecution of the war for the quelling of the Rebellion and the maintenance of the Union, but bitterly denounced the Emancipation Proclamation as wholly unwarranted under the Con. stitution. It also took the position that the prosecution of the war as far as it related to freeing the slaves, should receive no countenance or support. At a mass meeting held at Salem, January 31, 1863, a series of resolutions based on these facts was adopted. One was as follows:
Resolved. That we denounce and condemn the proclamation of the President in taking negroes as soldiers or marines, and that the present bill before Congress which makes negroes Brigadier or Major-Generals, and allows them to command white soldiers is a damnable act of abolitionism. a disgrace to humanity and the age in which we live. and if such act does become a law that we favor the instant recall of Indiana's 100.000 soldiers, that they may return to the pursuits in which they were heretofore engaged instead of being made the associates of negroes or commanded by them.
During February and March several military officers with search war- rants visited the county under the impression that Iguns and ammunition were being accumulated at certain points, but made no important discov. eries. A citizen of the county was arrested at New Albany while pur. chasing some pistols, but released upon $1,000 bail. Several murders occurred doubtless caused by war questions.
OTHER WAR MATTERS.
Early in June the following enrolling officers for the county were appointed: Gibson Township, Hezekiah Thomas; Monroe, Norval Peugh; Jefferson, R. L. Brown; Brown, R. A. Campbell; Vernon, S. S. Rubison; Washington, B. F. Huston and James F. Manley; Franklin, Henry Wright; Polk, Richard Newlin; Pierce, T. H. B. Baker; Howard, John Grubb; Madison, James A. McPheeters; Posey, Charles Mitten; Jackson, Robert Strain. The enrollment was conducted without excitement or much opposition. Col. Dunham delivered several speeches in the county about this time strongly favoring a continuance of the war. He did much good. June 22, great excitement was caused at Salem by the
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
report that 900 Rebel cavalry had crossed the Ohio River and were marching north to plunder Salem. Four hundred men armed in the best manner possible gathered on the public square, and 500 collected at Hardinsburg, and strong squads assembled in many other places to pro- tect life and property. The reports were soon disproved. A little later Capt. Hinds, with a company of Rebels, visited the southwestern part of the county, stealing a few horses and creating much excitement, but otherwise doing little damage. Many of the citizens pursued them to the Ohio River, and assisted in their capture.
THE RAID OF GENERAL MORGAN.
On the 10th of July, 1863, Salem and Washington County were visited by the Rebel Gen. Morgan with a force of about 4,000 men. So rapid was their approach from the southwest, that they were on the hills south of town before their presence was made known. The few Home Guards skedaddled. Capt. Jones, of Morgan's van guard, halted at the creek south of Salem, displayed a flag of truce, and waited fifteen minutes, when he was met by a delegation of citizens carrying a flag of truce. He demanded the surrender of the town, and asked if resistance was intended. and then, finding the way clear, ordered his men to advance. He promised to respect private property except such as was absolutely needed. They immediately took complete possession of the town, placing guards over the stores and streets. Quite a number of Home Guards were captured, and several were compelled to take the oath of parole at the court house. The town was thoroughly plundered. They burned the depot, three box cars and contents, one passenger can the railroad bridge on each side of Salem and the Blue River bridge, cut the telegraph wires and levied a contribution of $1,000 on each of the two flouring-mills owned by Smith & Knight and Mr. DePauw, and on the woolen factory of Allen, Berkey & Co. The enemy had three rifled 24. pound parrots, two 12-pound howit zers, two caissons, and fifteen rounds of ammunition. The following were the approximate losses made at the time : J. C. Mitchell & Co., $2,000; Dawson Lyon, $1,750; J. J. Hungate, $1,500; R. L. Mitchell, $1,200; D. W. Peck & Co., $1,000; Berkey & Clark, $1,000; Berkey & Son, $1,000; S. Drone. $800; H. D. Henderson, $700; G. Siering, $600; W. H. Burress. $500; Richard Clark, $400; E. T. Telle, $400; Delos Heffren, $300; W. J. Johnson & Co., $250; D. F. Duckwali. $250; Jobr Mckinney, $200: S. D. Sayles, $150; P. Kreamer. $135: E. Bawser, $190; and others to the amount of $305. Total loss, $14,540. This was the loss upon the stores, mills, etc., of the town. Besides this, in their prog- ress through the county, they probably stole 500 good horses, leaving worthless cnes in their places. They entered the town about 9 o'clock and remained until 3 P. M., and then left, passing through Canton and New Philadelphia. Morgan occupied a room at the Persise House, now
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the Hungate House. John H. Wible of Livonia was killed by them, and Henry Hoar and Joshua Bottorff were wounded. Prof. May and others were shot at, but managed to escape injury. At Pekin one rebel was killed five wounded and nineteen captured. While on the march they spread out over the country, creating destruction as they went. Much more in detail might be said and many laughable anecdotes told, but this will suffice.
THE COMPANY OF MINUTE MEN.
Early in July, under the call for volunteers to repel Gen. Morgan, thirteen regiments and one battalion were organized in the State. One full company was raised at Campbellsburg, the officers being: George R. Carr, Captain; Samuel Hays, First Lieutenant; Henry A. Smith, Second Lieutenant. These men became Company C of the One Hundred and Twelfth Regiment, and were mustered in July 9, and mustered out July 17. The regiment, under Col. H. F. Braxtan. moved to Mitchell, thence to Seymour, thence to Summan's Station, thence to Indianapolis, where it left the service.
THE SIX MONTHS' COMPANY.
In July and August, under the call for six months' men, the county furnished a company officered as follows: Stephen D. Sayles, Captain; David B. Vance, First Lieutenant: John R. Freed, Second Lieutenant. Sayles was promoted to the Lieutenant Colonelcy, and Vance became Captain in September. The men became Company G of the One Hun- dred and Seventeenth Regiment, and were mustered in August 12. Sep- tember 17 the regiment left Indianapolis for Kentucky, encamping at Nicholasville, but moved to Cumberland Gap October 3, and a few days later to Greenville, Tenn. It moved to Bean Station, thence to Clinch Gap, where it met the enemy in large numbers, and by skillful move- ments retreated during the night to Bean Station. It then moved to Cumberland Gap, thence to Tazewell. thence to Knoxville, thence late in December to Strawberry Plains, thence in January, 1864, to Maynards- ville. tbence to Cumberland Gap, thence home. The regiment suffered severely during the winter, marching often without shoes and living on quarter rations. It reached Indianapolis February 6, and was soon dis. charged.
SI'NDRY ITEMS OF INTEREST.
Under the call of October 17, 1863, the county began to stir herself in November, her quota being 207. A County Recruiting Committee- Dr. H. D. Henderson, John H. Butler and Dennis M. McMahan-was appointed, and this Committee appointed the following associates: Gib- son Township, Henry Thomas; Monroe, G. A. Smith; Jefferson, E. S. Shields; Brown, F. D. Badger; Vernon, T. D. Voyles; Washington, Emanuel Zink; Franklin, E. W. Cadwell; Polk, J. A. Bowman, Pierce, E. W. Shanks; Howard. W. A. Lowrey; Madison, H. J. Mobrey; Posey,
51
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Charles Mitton: Jackson, Dr. W. Bright. P. J. Green called for recruits for the Sixty-sixth Regiment. November 19 a deserter was arrested in Vernon Township. Sergt. Walker called for recruits for the Thirteenth Regiment. In January, 1864, a riot occurred at Plattsburg over the wearing and snatching off of butternut breastpins. During the winter many veterans came home and were warmly welcomed, but many others did not; they were lying buried in the South-martyrs of the slave. holder's rebellion. About twenty recruits were sent to the Thirty-eighth Regiment in January, February and March, 1864. About the same number were sent to the Sixty-sixth. About ten joined the Fifth Cav. alry. Twenty-five or thirty others joined various regiments. The spring of 1864 passed without event. In June, at a mass meeting in Salem, a fight occurred over the wearing of butternut breastpins, during which several persons were seriously injured. It was evident at this time that the disloyal element was arming and drilling. Secret societies and con - ferences could be seen meeting weekly. It was rumored that Salem was to be laid in ashes, and that several of her citizens were to be hung or shot. An uneasy feeling took possession of the county. Crime became common and escaped the law. Time passed, and at last the worst fears of the citizens were found to have been based upon substantial causes. A large element of the county had been organized to oppose the war and to resist the law. The prompt action of the authorities early in the fall of 1864 alone prevented serious consequences of disorder and law. lessness. .
MILITARY ARRESTS.
Early in October, 1864, Horace Heffren was arrested under the orders of Gen. Hovey, taken to Indianapolis and placed in the guard house of the Soldiers' Home. A military commission consisting of Colonels W. E. McLean, J. T. Wilder, T. J. Lucas, C. D. Murray, Benj. Spooner, R. P. De Hart,. A. E. Stephens and Gen. Silas Colgrove, was appointed to try him and others arrested on a like charge. During a long trial, where many witnesses were examined, several were convicted of treason, but Heffren turned State's evidence, making full confession of his connection with the Sons of Liberty. When it came his turn to be tried, he was acquitted and sent home. Dr. James B. Wilson was arrested on the same charge, as the trial progressed, but upon his con- fession he was likewise released.
THE ENLISTMENT IN 1864.
But little was done during the fall of 1864 to clear the county quota under the call of July 18 for 500,000 men. During the spring and sum- mer recruits kept slowly going to the field. In November twelve recruits left for the Sixteenth Regiment. Men in small squads joined many different regiments, aggregating several hundred. The veterans were
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
credited to the county. By the 31st of December, 1864, the county was officially credited with the following tabular statement:
Quota umler call of Feh-
Quota under call of March
Quota under call of July
Tutal of quotas and defi-
ciencies
New Recruits.
Veterans.
('redita by draft.
Total credits hy enlist-
ment and draft.
One year.
Two years.
Three years.
Deficiency.
Surplus.
Gibson
25
10
25
60
13
1
61
2
59
1
Monroe
2) .
8
83
:6
32
1
25
78
39
39
2
Brown
26
10
30
66
$1
18
11
20
18
1
51
4
Vernon.
18
21
46
27
3
14
11
19
1
24
2
Washington.
79
32
83
194
125
52
199
28
171
5
Franklin
30
12
31
78
54
12
7
73
15
58
Polk.
21
23
52
40
Pierce
25
10
29
52
1
16
69
29
1
40
5
Howard
24
10
19
41
19
0
13
41
14
27
Posey ..
22
04
55
86
4
16
56
27
29
1
Jackson
16
17
40
25
4
11
40
16
1
29
Totals
853
141
383 877
597
122 177
896
280
4
612
3
22
1
16
49
27
22
1
Jefferson
31
12
30
Credits by voluntary enlistments.
TOWNSHIPS.
ruary 1, 12:4.
14, 1KG.
15, ING.
3
43
1
20
64
35
29
4
Madison
16
6
THE ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FOURTH REGIMENT.
Under the last call of the war. December 19, 1864, for 300,000 men, great efforts were made to escape the draft. The heavy draft of Octo- ber, 1564, had met with disfavor, and it was determined if possible to avoid another. January 14, 1865, the County Board offered $325 to each volunteer under the call who should be credited to the county. The quota under the call was 244, but this had been much reduced by previ- ous enlistments and by the surplus credited to the county. The county recruiting officers were: J. A. Ghormley, B. F. Nicholson, T. J. Men- augh and J. A. Redfield. Bonds were issued, and money was raised by subscription. Quite heavy local bounty was also offered. It was seen that the Rebellion was tottering, and a last effort and a strong one was made. G. W. Smith called for recruits. Twenty-two men were sent to Com- pay A, of the One Hundred and Forty-fourth Regiment; seven to Com- pany B; all of Company C; twenty-six to Company F, and about a dozen to other companies. The officers of Company C were: Stephen C. Attkisson, Captain; George W. Smith, First Lieutenant; Oliver Stanley, Second Lieutenant. Phillip L. Davis was Lieutenant in Company B. The officers of Company F were: Jonathan Peters, Captain; David Alspaugh, First Lieutenant; P. D. Neal, Second Lieutenant. The men were mustered in in January and February, 1855. March 9, the regiment left Indianapolis and reached Harper's Ferry, Va, the 13th. Thence it moved to Halltown; thence to Charlestown, Winchester, Stevenson
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HISTORY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY.
Depot and Opequan Creek engaged in guard duty until August 5, when it was mustered out. It reached Indianapolis August 9. Under the last call of the war the county was credited by the authorities April 14, 1865, when all efforts to raise men were abandoned, with the follow- ing:
TOWNSHIPS.
Second enrollment.
cember 19, 1361.
ciencies.
New recruits.
Veteran».
t'relita by draft.
Total credits by enlist-
the year.
Two years
Three years,
Hurplus.
Gibson
151
11
14
18
1
10
19
5
Monroe ..
85
21
21
21
1
Jefferson
109
24
21
16
1
Brown
111
11
11
11
1
12
11
1
1
Vernon.
72
13
15
13
3
16
15
1
G
1
Washington
468
57
5%
51
1
5
51
Franklin.
128
13
18
12
1
13
13
Polk
81
10
10
9
1
10
9
1
Pierce.
111
17
17
1.
1.
17
Howard
91
20
20
20
30
20
Madison
90
14
1.
14
14
14
Posey
87
18
18
16
3
19
18
1
1
Jackson.
56
10
10
9
1
10
10
Total.
1640
244
997
1
25
253
242
2
9
9
SUMMARY OF MEN FURNISHED.
September 19, 1862, the county was credited with having furnished 1,339 volunteers. Under the June call, 1863, it furnished a company for six months-100 men. It furnished its quota-207 men-under the October call, 1863. During the year 1864, as will be seen by the first of the above tables, it was credited with having furnished 896 men by enlistment and draft, and under the last call of the war December 19, 1865, it was credited with 253 men and a surplus of 9. Adding these numbers it is shown that the total credits of the county during the war were 2,804 men. This is a splendid showing.
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