Illustrated Historical Atlas of the State of Indiana, Part 125

Author:
Publication date: 1876
Publisher: Baskin, Forster & Co.
Number of Pages: 472


USA > Indiana > Illustrated Historical Atlas of the State of Indiana > Part 125


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Among the fruits maiseil in the county, grapes nre premiuent Vine- yurls ure extensively enltirnled, and during the early Siriss selllements, especially in the year 1828, much nine uns mnde. This year from the Veroy


COUNTY HISTORIES .- CONTINUED.


vinoyurils alone, tirelre thousand gallous were shipped to the Lonigrille und Cucinnili murkels, ond soll of one ilullar and fifty cents per gallon. Of Inle years, this ininairy hus been dechning, undl but little mine is woir ex- porled.


MISEHAL, DEPOSIT.


The bine lunestonn is everywhere plenty, mul is ut'n churaeler well cuilupt- ed lo foundation nail cellar walls nud ofher rough masonry. Houses mailo of this stone are substantial, Imt not hamilsome ; they being discolored with nge, wil sumelines stained with iron ; sloney of course texture wreuther budly. Frw quarries are worked erlebeively, as the stone may be picked up from er ery creek, or ilng out of almost every hillsile. The so- enlled " Kentucky marble', " used for monuments, is found in Ihr conhity. It is capable of a very benntiful polish, nnil is extensively used for lombslones.


The Upper Silurina quarry of George A. Hotchkiss, near Bennruigtou, fur" niches excellent builling stone, which was used in the jail ul Verny. 11 is Ifretri after nn exposure nf twenty years.


Linie for homo consuluption is burned in temporary kilns, or in "lng licaps. The blue limestone from the surface or the ereeks is generally nsed. This makes n ilark colored ant strong lime, well suited for mortar, nud is nlso largely n-ed by soap mannfnetories in Cincinnati, lo preparo lhe ennatio lye. Hydraulic cement line been made by Mr. Ilotchikiss, near Bennington, from The lower Inyers of lus quarry. The article produced is excellent ; remilily linrilens on exposure, and strongly milheres lo stone.


Substratinl material for moking brick nbonmis. A hile fire-eloy is obtained, which is said to hr better for steumfioul furnaces Than genuine fre-elny. Red pottery wure uns made al Vilar fifty years ago, amil yellow irare nad stone ware hore been ninde ut Rising Sun, Ohio County, bili owing to various canses, These monnfactories ore now abandonei.


Bog ure is found on several firms nenr Querens Grove, and on firms north- nest nmil wortheast of Verny. The straluin is selilom continuous, bbd tho ledges ure frum six to fourteen inches thick.


The principal wealth of Sivitzerlund County is in the agricultural and fruit interests, the Inter of which should by ho ments be uegleeleil, as lho soil and climate are well nilupted to it, while a good system of uniler-lraining unil careful culture will mouteriully ail The former


EARLY SETTI EVENTS.


The first settlement in this county, of which ony record cun hr obfulled, was maile by Hentheonl Picket, in the year 1995. Ho erected o rahin about Three un'les alipve the present loention of Verny, near Plum Creek, and lived here sercral years. llis family consisted of himself, his wife, two sons uml one daughter, und for some titue These suffered considerable privation and rere often in danger of losing their lives from hostile Indinns.


Ju 1709, the Dickinson nad Collun familiea loestedl ubont Ihree miles north uf Veiny, And the following year Robert Gnliion settled on The Ohio Ilirer boltons, ono mile from The mouth of Log-lick Creck


John James Delour, ol The Canton DeVoil in Suitzerland, Hurope, ex- piorel the country along the Ohio between the present east nnil presl Stole lives of Indinnn, in the year till. Ile irns seeking o suiinble location for the future homes of himself nail sou, four brothers and three sisters and a few of their associates. The selection maile was in this county, belween Indien and Plum t'reeks. Under a special ael of Congress, he purelinsed fonr sections of Inbd on the river al Vevay, containing 2,660 acres, paying for the sume an entry fro of tno dollors per aero. The government gave lum twelve years' time, he giving his obligations for the same, will interest, dne tueire years after inte These new selllers set sail for The United Stniey in January, 1801. They renched Norfolk, Virginis, the following May. They ni once proceeded on their journey. stopping af l'ittsburgh a short lime. From this place they nent lo Lexington, Kentucky, where they remained two years before going on to Their new home. They were necom- ponied by Mr. Leibenthal and wife, Mr. Bitlens, wife and chill and Peter Borrellny, wifo, son and daughter, who nidell in forming the new settlement.


.A family of Morrocs located, in 1804, on n farm que mile south of the present euunly seat. Four years previous, n Mr. Dickinson erected & corn- mill on the bank of Indian Creek. Prior to ils erection, the settlers were cumpellel to croky the Ohio River, swimming Their horses by the while of Their canoes, Thence on lo Lexington, Kentucky, to gel their grinding done, which Inhor was here performed hy n linad-nulf. T. P. Meunet settled within the present limits of Craig Township iu 1810, anil the same year s munn by the name of Webb built n Rouring. will. If nppears, howrier, that Win. Cot- ton, irho bod purchased a farmi of loim Francis Defour, in 180-1, hodl creeteil ouo on his fuma obont tho year 1801. Iu 1813, Christian Lostuller loraled within the present boundary of York Township: Merrill Mckay in 1814; Chorles Haslie in l'osey Townsbip in 1816, also Charles Heath noul Andrew J. Noge in Coffon Towusbip: and William Anderson in 1919. Iu 1912, a school was opened by un Irishman by birth, named hurman Gex. Nutwith- slanding bis umtionulity, he inught this school irhero the Freinh langungo was spukeu. . \ honse belonging to n Mr. Beaton, which stood just below Vrvay, was used for this purpose.


In 1813. Allen Wiley, n minister of The Methodist Church, prencher in Verny, but no regular pastor was there will the year 1-18, when the Iter. .Inmies Welrh, u Preshyterion preacher, came. He hekdl service in the old court house inring thof and the following yenr. A Baptist Church WILS or- ganized in The year 1819, by James Duncan, nhoge sou, Mexonder Duncan, represented the Cincinnati District in Congress several years.


inn by the name of Smith purchased from the United States a large Imnel of Innil al Quercus Grore, in Posty Township, and built Thereon yeme kioil of molimmery in 1816, fur grimhing up the bark of onk trres, Iurge quantities of which he whipped by llat-bout to New Orleans, thenre lo Europe, where it was used for coloring clothes, yarue, etc. It is known that Muito bundled tiro or Three fint-bowls at one time with this bark and placed them in charge of kilwanl Patton, a citizen of Veiny, for shipment to Nen. Orlenus. 11 is believed that this is the ouly sinpaient of hurk made by Smith, The bork works were abandoned many yrur- ngo. Several honses are loented there ut present and the plare is known aud called " Bnrk Works." The first couple married in the conuty, offer its organization, wns Rich- anl Dumont und Matihla Phillips. The liernse wos issued by John Francis Defour, i September, 18II. A son uf this conple, John J. Minont, un lires nl Indionupohy


Some of The eller persons born in this county are Jolin F'. Cotton, uged 12; Brninmin Pickel, 12; Willium Lentz, il. Mrs. IInrriet Tardy, 71. John F Cotton is the ohlest residenl.


COUSTY ORGANIZATHIN.


In the spring of 1814 pereuns from Olno, l'ensrirunin aud New York commenceil moring into Ibe county Tho inestion of organizing n nely county wus hy them agilated, ond before the olove of the year, n petitiun was prepared ond placed in the hands of John Francis Defour, who toid it before the Territorinl Legislature of 1814. This Legislature posred a special net, organizing a new enunty, nul left the naming of The anme lo Mr De. four, nho called it " SuntzerInnl," after the numi of his palive lunil


The ronnty ollirrre elceteil to serve were : Clerk undl Beenmiler, John Francis Defonr ; Sheriff, John Francis Leihenthin1 ; Coroner, Ilnlf Cetton ; and Surveyor, Elisha Giolny.


The Judge of the Circuit Court was Hilijah Mparks, who serveil until lune, 1816, when Jime Noble sneceeded him, nnu serveil until March, 181%. Af Ibis fiume, Jesso E Holman was appointed und served until the organization of the Sinle, in 1811i.


Willinin Cotton and James MeClure were the first Associole ,ludger.


The first court was held October 28, 1814 The first caso called anq ngoinst David Brrbee, who wns ebargeil with selling unwholsumo ment. The charge was not sustained. At this conrt James Noble iras nppointeil Prosv. culor, "iluring gooil beharior "


The present county officors are: Josoph II Netherland, Clerk : John Gill, Auditor ; Franois M. Griffith, Treasurer ; John F'. White, Rerorder; and John Armstrong, Sherif.


The County Commissioners nro William J. Gibbs, Duvid Scott nil Will. inm Slewart.


John J Berkshire is Indge of Cronil Court, his District comprising the countie. of Ripley, Switzerland owl Jennings.


The court honso was commenced in the year 1St !. It is a plain hriok building, nnd for somno eniso, a ilolny of tiro years ocenered in ils crectiun, it not being completed till the year 18h4 Its cost was $50,000, aml compie- tent judges affirm it conlil not he creoleil now for twice that mount. The jail ins built of blue limestone, from the Bennington quarries. The ex- rior of this stone, is of a gray color, and tho quality excellent. The Shoriff's residence is built in connection with the jnil ; the whole costing $15,000.


The county poor faria contoins 1tid neres. The asylum is built of «tone, nud cost $1,000.


The Agricultural Society is composed of n company of the citizens of both Ohio and Switzorlanit Counties, and is held in connuon. The gronoila are in the latter oonly.


THE CISTY MIAT.


Verny nas lwill out by John Francis Defour, in the fall of 1813. llis plat nos neknowledged before Elenthn Gola, Justice of the Peace, on the lith ilny of November, and recorded the 12th of the same month. The loty ivere sold al public sale, wany porsons from a diglinee nffending, who purchaseil lots, amul afterward becaine residents To this originni plat nn muliiliou ins made by Danie! Hefour nud John Sheets, in the spring of 1814, and in 1836 the original owner nilileil all that portion lying between the old town and tho river. In 18.tu, Francis G. Sheets udihil an mildilion, anil in 1861, Perret Defour laid out The lost one. The corporation lines run ouo amil one.half miles back from the river ; nud the city fronty on the river three-fourths of a mile. The town is pleasantly giiunted, on the right bank of the Ohio Ifiver, nbont fifty.Sve iniles from Cinoimmunti. The uilal of gromad upon which it stumils is not so rolling As is usnad with the Ohio River towns, but is mure inclined lo be lorel. It is considerably aboro high water mark, nad line ample fall lo niforil good drainage. The ofil story of Veray, Siritzerland, 19 almost nil true, when applied to Verny, Switzerland County, Imiliano. " A ijuniut old town, weilling al tho fnol nl lofty mountains, in the midst of vineyards and gardens of beautiful flowers "


Fire Commisssoners were appointed by the Territorinl Legisinlure, Sep- tember 7, 1814, to locale the county sent of Switzerland Connty. The4o met, wud after examining tho localities presented, chose the present loni of Vevoy, which had already been pitted, and n settlement commeure l.


The Commissioners appointed irere James Dill, Alexander & Meck Jesty L. Holman, Jacob Short and lame Dunn. One year after the location of Ibe rously sent Lucion licky orerteil the first brick house in the county This is still stouiling in Vevay, and is yet n comfortablo resideneo.


The first allempi at manufacturing, in the loin, was The erection of n slenm mill, for manufacturing Bour. The locality is still occupied by a similar mill. The pioneer mill of the county, of any kind, was an olil trenil-mill, built in 1820. The town now contains lin flouring-mills, Three furniture fetories, several lorgo produce and commission houses, seven Iry gooils stores, and two ilrug stores All the tiniles are well represented ; also,


Ibe professions.


"The schools aro in good condition, ocempying two buildings, umler the charge of Professor Hurtford The County Schools ore superintenled by Charles Robertson.


The vily coulning fire churches, representing Tho Metlunlist, Baptist, Presbylerian, Umversalist und Catholic denominations.


Tho facilities for trareling aro the river onil lines nf hooka which run lo Aurora, Dearborn County, anil on the macmlamized rowl fo Verenilles, Ripley Colllly. In addition to this Intier, four Giropikes Immerso the county, tou of which terminale at the county sent.


There are two enterprising newspapere published af Vevny, Un Veiny Reveille, Wan. Buird. editor, und the Verny Democrat, by Irrin Armstrong


UTIIEN TOWNS.


In 1816, James Melntire Iniil ont a town just above the month of tho Keutnoky River, opposite Carrolton, and enlleil it " Erin." After sereral years' effort to make a town al this point, the proprietor gavo up his plan, nul upplieit to the Circuit Court, in 1820, fur the vention of his plal.


In 1816, l'eter Ilarris loul ont the town of Jacksonville, which, for a number of years, was n thriving villngo. A one timo there was a larern, thrvo stores, anil n bniter aml shoemaker's shops. Now the rillnge is nlmnet leserled.


In 1817, Benjamin Drake loid ont lur lown of Florence (enlied by him New York). At presrut it is a business-like village, with serernl stores, ml s henry irnur in produco. Present population, 300.


In Isda, Elisha Wuudle Inid ont the tonu of l'aimot (enlled hy him "roy"), which has become an important point for trade in all kinds of proilnee and for the manufacture of wineky on n inrge grale. Present pojmlaliun, 500.


in 1832, Intrick Donahue Innl out the town of Montgomery, iu the Ohio Kiver bottoms, nhove Verny . bnl the lots were never antil, amil his plat uns vaented by proper nuthinrity.


MARTIN COUNTY.


This county is in the southern interior of Iuliann, and of inte yeurs lins been largely developing her immonse rosonrees. Tho wholo number of neres tillafile is 207,270. These, with Their improvements, are nysessed at $6 Pl per nere, or a totni value of $1,226,1118. The valno of town lols aml im- provementa wna, the unme year (1875), returned mf ${G8,all, and Un personal property of $476,720, These give n total value of $2,070,252. In this estimate no account is token of the mineral wealth, which is, perhaps, equal lo muy counly in the Stato.


The surface is very much brokon by hills from 100 to 500 fret high, which are composed mostly of the limestono gril onil lower onrboniferons liqueslunes. Tho former is capped in places by the coal measure chulos The scenery is rnggeil and picturesime.


THE STREAMS


of ibe county nrc Ibo Eist Fork of Whito River, Bogg s Creek, Iulian Crerk, Beaver Creek and Livet River. Tho Eugl Fork of While Htiror rilns in a southwesterly course through the county, and this, with tho ahove Iribntarn", furnishes ninple drainage mul an ubundinner of good stock wnler.


of the county is tilork walnut, poplar, white, red, black, chestnut undl burr ooks; blekory, sugor tree, soft muyle, evtlunwood, dogwood, box uhler, syen- mory, lorust and lime.


The hoflomu niong the East Fork of White River and its tributaries aro quile extensive. The soil here is a sonily loumn, very rich, producing largo


in Srelion 3, Tinrn 5 north, Runge 11 enst, wos lnidl out tiy Enoch Bray und Thomas A Bray, December tH, 1848 It contains one store, a post office anil school house, Population, 100.


325


COUNTY HISTORIES .- CONTINUED.


crops of corn and wheat. The upland in chiefly a elny soil, but, in genurul, produces most oxcelleut erops of wheni, timothy, clover, peaches and apples. The bruken character uf the Inud tunkes this county lesy attractive to the Agricultorisis than tho niljoining county of Daviess. The area Is 340 square miles, 01 417,600 neres


The eoal mensures ure quite extensive in Martin County. The conl called "A" is said to occupy about 108,000 neres, or urarly ouo-half of the ures, Locally, this cont attaius n thickness of four feet, but I'ref. Cox, in kis report of 1870, piels tho arorugo down ut thirty inches. This will give, ns the product of' this scant "A" in Martin County, 14-1,954,666 tons of conl.


Tho conl enllod " 1" is limited, in area, to the high ridges nud tablo Intida, and comprises ubout 180 neres, and tho average thickness umy be taken ni thirly inebes, which will give, as the proiluot of this Nenin, 1,036,000 tony of coal. The nniount of the two srnips is 436,890,666 tony of avnilublo conl in Martin County. Most of this eonl will answer, in the ruw stule, for making iron, und is likowiso nilmirably nilapted for household uso, for focomotires nil all othor sten juroses. It is, for the most part, un coking, und hurun to ashes without leaving elinkera. The following are the conl operators in this county, viz : Ilorn & Co., Baker's Bank, Turner's Bank, N. T. Crim's Inuk, nnd Phillip lutz's. Conl has been found in forty different places in the county, but no mining hay been dono eveopt nt the places ahore mentioned. Considerable iron ore is known to oxist, but as no effort lucy been tunde do open the bedy, no one enn judgo with nny degree of certainty what the troo commercial rolno of this mineral ja. lu section 1, Town 3, Range 3, uvar the top of a hill, at the base of which runs the O. & M. R. R., is a deposit of iron ore fully thirty foot thick, and finlf an nere in aren. Prof. Cox reported it as containing a Inrge per cent of metal. From n seam in Sec- tion It, Town 8, Range 3, six feet thick, I'rof. Cox found the mu erage yield of ore to be nenrly thirty- ctglit per ecut., which is sufficient to bo remunerative, oud, na it can his bml conrenient to conl suitable for smelting, it is to be hoped blast furnaces will soon be built here.


Boil limestone and soudstone, of excellent quality, may bo hnd in this county. The cunglomernte sunilstone, when free from iron nnil pebbles, is u bnulsome und ilurahlo stone, nuul uiny be linil in blocky of any required size The grit stone is n fine grained, even textured, white stone, und is exten- sively worked into grinilstones and u hetstunes. They are sold in the muar- ket mudor the unino of " French Lick," or " Hlindostun Stones.'


The four fert of elny, nudler tho upper seam of ronl, is au excelleut pol- ser's clay. Deval and Cutterson hore tno potter's kilns at Shonls, and nre making from this clay about 92,000 gallons of conunon stoneware per annum. Ahont one mile west of Itover Hill is a heary bed of ocher, fifteen feel thick. The colors which it furuishes nre amber, red and yellow. A low yinrs ago, nenmpany of Cincinnati genilemeu erected a till for crushing Aud grinding this paint on a large scale : a large quantity was mounfactored, nml, where introduced, is said to hinre giren gooil satisfaction ns o chenp, linnd- auto nud durublo paint. There ure houses in Martin County upon which this point lins leen ten years, and it still looky fresh and bright.


MINERAL WATERS


The Indinu Springs of Martin Conuty uro situated nine miles north of Shouls A hotel is built bero for the aceuimodation of the minuy guests who visit the springs annually, both in search of health and as o pleasant retreat from lho carrs of business, during the summer. These springs are owned by D. K Dunihue,


Trinity Springs, two miles southeast of Indian Springs, ure owueil hy Benjamin Duun, of Bloomington, ludiana. The hotel built here uns burned in JAU4, And hos not since been rehuilt. Visitors stop with Mr. S. P. Leinar, at Harrisonville, who is Mr. Dunu's agent, nud provides bountifully for the few whotn be liss room to accommodate. Tho " Trinity " are threo strong run- ning sulphur springs, within a fow feet uf each other. There are also two springs of fresh water nenr these sulphur springs, one of which is hond water, cool undl pileayant to the tuste, and the other soft water, used withont "hrvaking" for irushing clothes.


ANTIQUITIES.


lu she northeastern eilgo of the town of Shoals is situatedl & wound ten feet high und twenty-fro feet in diameter, huilt by the Wound Builders. Huinuts honey have been taken from il. Stone arrow. healy spear heads und stote nxes linve beon fonud iu different parts of the county. One mile south of Sheals there is a large shell heap 150 feet high. A950- einted with these shells ure sshey, churcoul, bones of quadrupeds, birds nod fishies, houe uvedlles, fish hooks, etc., inchesting thus the hill was formed of the refuse left hy n race of people u ho fed upon fish and other animals, nnd weru probably nutermedlinte betn een the Mouud Builders anil sarages in civ- ilizmiou.


In this connection may be mrutionel another curiosity, the "" dug Rock," so- called from the resemblance which it beurs to a jng. It is forty-two feet high, mint supports on its tup n Int projecting layer called the " stopper."


Eittt.Y SETTLEMENTS


The first settlement itt Martin County was innde in the vicinity of Mount l'imnennt, in the year 1811, by n muuu uquel MeGowan, who settled here anil established a ferry on the roul running from the Clark County suttle- Inents to Vincelines As this Jimo, Mr. McGowan was the only white niun liriug nithin the present bontulary lines of Martin County. lle uns after- wanl killed by the Jedinus, during the yenr 1812 After lho war, the fel- lomag were the first settlers in ninh around Mount P'lensont : Phillip Daris, l'ager Pete, the Somers nud lluut families Barney Riley, dobu Riley, aund James and Willinin Lowmur


The noxt settlement nos mole ut the prosent loestion of Shonls, by Clon- out llorsey, it the fall of 1814. Mr. Ilorsey built huis enbin in the bottoms, one bull' milu north af Shoals, ami, at that time, thero is not a house within eleven miles on the east side of White River, and none nearer tlinn the Mount Pleasant settlement on the u rst side.


lu tho spring of 1816, Jumrs Storens und Willing Daugherty settled here Ono yeur afterwaril, Joel Holbert, Dauiel Piles, John Cox, L Trorur, Steplien P. Stringham, Harvey Muyning, Jutues Lonis unit Mayes Nornun locateil in the Shoals settlement.


The text settlement in Martin County nos nuule ut Hindounu by Fred- Trink Sholts, in 1812. During the yent ISIS, The following carly settlers loented here : Josephi Clotuents, John Prentiss, Heury andl Thomas Prentiss. Grorgo Harris, ibe Shehuire family nud Lowis Brooks, and in 1819, Willinin Ilauter and Johu Ray rame. These wero tho ouly settlements made in the county until after its organization tu 1820.


Tho enrliest church urgotization in Martin County wny made by the Bay- tisto, in 1818. Their ministers wero the Rev. Abner Unris nud tho Rov - Wurfad


Five years afteruaril the Methodist Church organized n ovugregation, About three miles north of Shanla, thou un insignitiennt town, hardly worth the nute.


John Brunner wieliled the birch in a log sohou] house, his being the first institution of the kumul in this pinrt af Iluliuun.


Among the enrliest buulustries wero tho aniv. milll of John Newton, The Touring-uill of Silas Ilaltiort mind Jolutt Junes, ervoted iu 1828; the carding tonchiur nt Mount Pleasant, huilt hy Whishehl Forey, in 1828 ; also n cotion. gin at the same place,


I.etris Brunks oreeteil the first brick house in the county, which then WAS " grand." 11 was tiro storivy in height.


John, Heury nul Thutuns Prentiss nud u Mr. Sholmire dispoused the tendeil to hirekro irnut-uure.


George R. C. Sullivan, Johu R. Forter, Charles It. Brown and Amory lleury recoived their license to practice lai in this county, nhout the year 1820.


The first. grand jury inpaneled was composed of the following gentle- tuen : George Mitcheller, foremun ; Joseph Ramsey, lease Shelmire, Nobuy- Jer Owen, Benjamin Adams, Samuel Stucky, James Perry, Loyd Wediling, hconard Worer, Robert Elsey, Stephen Stringhom, Robert ()'Brien, Simon Thrasher, Jeremiah Jones noil - Leennum.


"The first indietipeui found by this grand jury was against Hugh Me Bride and George HInwotou, charged with osmoult and littery.


In the year 1620, the year of the conuty organization, four couple- ivere licensed to marry, ono or twu divorces granted, auil ihree indictments found.


One year Inter, four taverns were opened, and the saine number of ferries in operation.


As early ny 1800, Inud was entered for settlement ; though the person entering it, Washingtau Johnson, did not occupy it for sumo time afterward, By the yeur 1820, ahout one hundred persons bad enterril land, and become netunl settlers.


The first Bonrd of County Commissioners established the following raies for tarern krepers: One horse, one night, 624 cents, one horso feed, 124 cents ; ouo loilging, 12} cents ; one meal of victuals, 374 cents ; one baif pint of whisky, 124 cents ; enr half pint of French hrandy, 622 cents.


The same board niso established the following rate of taxation for the year 1820, viz. : One geld watch, 50 cents; one silver woleh, 37} cents; oxen, 26 couts per head, and borses 374 cents per head.


On laud The following ratr : On frw class land, per 100 acres, 50 cents; on seconil class Innd, per 100 acres, 13; eents, and an thirl class land, per 100 acres, 31} cents.




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