USA > Indiana > Illustrated Historical Atlas of the State of Indiana > Part 63
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l'Inmbershuurg, Villeene, Newton, Stewart, Lancastor ( Leipsic P. O.), Milletsturg (Slumpers Crrek P. O.), Rego J'. O., Green Brier P'. O., Lick Creeh 1'. O., West Bailen P. t., French Lick P. O., Unionrille (Young's Creek P. t.), Atl Pittsburg, are small villages nnil post offires sealtered over thir county.
FAYETTE COUNTY
is homolel north by Wayne und llenry Counties, south by Franklin, iveet by Josh, niil cust by Wayne and Union Counties
AHILA AND VALUE OF LANDS,
It contains 133, 120 square neres, rolued nt $4, 113,626, or un arerage of $31.12 per nere.
Value of luwn Jola and improvebienty, $812,882; value of Innds and improirmenis, $4, 708,816, or $36.81 per nere. l'ersonul property, $1,304,12] Total tnxnldes. 1,861,121
POPULATION.
The population of the county, in 1820, uns 3,950; 1810, 10,416; 1815, 11,30H).
Toxalle polls in 1876, were 1,813.
The number of school children, in 1866, uns 8,668; in 1805, 3,160; in 1814, 3,878 ; pupils ottemling schools in 1874, 1,684; No, school houses, 4 !!
The rote for Governor in Jhi2 iras, for Brown, Republican, 1, 40) ; for Jeudricks, Prmoerut, 1,131.
Fayette County furnished, during the Rebellion, for bounties, $1501, 164; for the relief' of' soliliers' Inmilies, $64,366.]7 ; l'or miscellaneous pulitory purposes, $0,201. 15 ; in nl, $261,331.82.
PUISCIPAL STREAMS.
The largest stresiu in the county is the West Fork of the White Wofer Iliver, so named by the Indians, from the irluite, clear appearance of its waters, produced by tho unture of the soil through which It runs-ichito Esod, grurel nud limestone. 11 rises in Rondolphi County, und ruus south- cast, emjifying into the main river just below Brookville.
Noluinl's Fork rises in Delanare County, on empties into White Water seren miles north of Connersrille.
Williams' Creek was formerly quile a largo stream, atfordiug woter-poner for several mills, but is now peurly ilry.
Lick Creek, Village Crrek, oud screrut olber small streams are Tulunble nuly for watering the grounds through which they pass.
White oak, red onk, hickory, black nuluul, sycamore, white ush, blue aslı, white munple, sugar tree, poplar, bassirood nud red heech are the priuripal anlunble timbers of the county.
Mong the river botlonis, the soil is rich onil productive, composed largely of regetable mutter, elny, sand and line. These lunds bore been cultirated for munuy sucerssire years fu corn, am), where of ei dows yearly occur, bringing their rich ileposits, will continue to produce good crops mithunt other manures; but where these uuturnl deposits are not left hy overflows, tho evil will brcomo exhausted, soit urtifriol fertilizers will hele to be usel, it good crops aro expected.
The upJuuds are generally cluyey soils, mixed with sand nud gravel, and with intelligent farming, rotation of crops, subsoiling, etc., Gne crops are mieci].
Tho primijul crops are uheat, rye, outs, coru, barley und polaloes.
Jo 1811, 208,14; bushels of wheal wero raised, 1,603'046 bushels of corn, amil 3,318 tons of Lny.
The county is well improved, generally cut up iu small firms, very few conlaiuing more than a quarter of a section. The average is 142 acres to each firmu.
11011.DING STONE, ETU.
Very goodl huilding stone is found in different parts of the county. It is known as the fiuciuunti htuo linuestoue, is vulunblo, aud, especially the Ihn strain, ifuroblo. Few struts, howverer, of over six inches in thirkness pro sufficiently firm to brør hummer dressing well. These are composeil Inrgely of broken corals am) fossil shells, ail are linhlo to cinck or seale of ichen dressed. In the southwestern part, however, a very good thick. ness is built, sui of good quality, for buikling purposes and all kinds of touson work
A good nunlily of olay is found in large urous, suitable for the manufne- lure of bricks.
OHOANIZATION OF COUNTY.
Faretto County was, on tho Ist of January, 1819, declared to be, by tho LegisInturo of the State, entitleil aml authorized to enjoy all the privileges which belong to separate nud independent counties.
The saint yeur it was ilirideil into Gvo lounships-Columbia, Conners- rille, Ilurrison, Bronnsylllo uml Jennings.
The first County Commissioners were Basil Roberts, Harrod Newland nud Jolin Tyner.
The first Clerk of Circuit Court, Jonathan MeCurty, succeedfeil hy James Ray, in 1820, who, iu turn, was electedl Commissioner, followedl, in 1822, by Samuol Vanco.
John Conner was the first Shrriff, and John M. Wilson the accond. Neilon Claypool ivus the Gret Trensurer.
Nicholas Rengan, County .Igent.
Allonijab Morgan, first Assessor.
The first term of the Circuit Court ins hield May 3, 18) !. John Watts, Presiding Judge, Train Coldnell and Kdivari] Welb, Azsocinte Judges.
The first granit jurors were: William Heim, Joseph Miner, Nicholas Reogun, Allen Chrisler, Oran Stoildurd, Jocob Case, Sr., Nicholus Pumphrey, Othueil Swim, Anthony Smiley, Paul Davis, James Webster, John l'errin, James Brownlee, Martin MeCray, John Wilson, Jolin Meformne, James Ralston and George M. Smith.
The first petit jury uns: James M. Wilson, Abner Race, lenne Jones, John Milliner, Jonica Tweedy, Joseph Vouslaler, Willing Dennison, Mathias Daireon, Karhinrinh Guon, Somitel Meformac, John Thompson and Jolını l'allerson.
Joseph C. Reell was the first Keeorder.
Daniel Reach was first Auditor.
Newton Claypool, father of Austin B., Benjamin F., J'. F. and A. J. Claypool, and a prominent mon in the county, was the first State Senator. The first juil, 10 by 30 fert, was built in 1810. It cost $164, and containeil three roomne.
The first court Imuse was built of logs. If wua 20 by 26 feel, and two atories high. In 1848 the present structure iras erected. It wos built in lionest times, oud cost $20,000.
The cuunty asylum for the poor is located at Connersville. It is self- oustaining.
The first Agricultural Society was organized in 1861, Ortober 18th, Jobb Spirvy, President ; D W. Welty, Secretary. The society now ownn thirty orres of grounil, and good minl substantial buildioga.
The first newspaper published in the enunty was the Cooperarille Ob- #pcr, storted in 1820, by Samuel lionel ond John Sample. Then the l'oftical Clarion, by Samuel W. Parker, followed by the Indiana Sentinel, by Colel B. Smith and Matthewy R. Hull.
PIITFEST COUNTY OFFICEES.
Recorder-Cbarley B. Sanders; Clerk, James O. F. Linch ; Auditor; Willimb H. Green; Treasurer, Georgo M. Nelson ; Sheriff, Doctor B. Ball ; Stute Sebutor, Richoril M. Hoyworth ; Meuiber of Assembly, Milion TruEs- tır.
The antiquities of the county consist of mounds, of which there are but few extaut. One is still seen on the form of Ah. Connell, one and a half miles northeast of Connersvile-on oblong inclosure with openings of inter- vals, which were probalily closed up when necessary to prevent ingress by on enemy. It comprises four or five acres. It must be of great age, as, on the earth embunknient thint encircles the basin, trees as large us uny in the sur- rouliding neighborhood are groning.
Another mound is situated on the topurost pinnorle of the range of bills bordering on the White Water, to the urst of Connersville, commanding a vieir for miles vround. Numerous skelelons were found in a sitting posture surrounding a gigantic skeleton eucosei) in a cement casket.
The above named Ab. Courvell and write may also be mentioned as among tho antiquities of the county. They come here ot o very corly day, oud hovo grown up and identified themselves with the interests of the commit. nity. Mr. Conwell was born in 1796, and has been married to his present wifo fifty-five years. Thiry amuse themselves as in younger days by a game of enrils of evenings, do not know of an uilment in foot, orm, stomoch or liend, ull u orkssmoothly nod withoula jar, and they say their lives bare biru rough but boppy.
RAILROADS.
Tho Madison Division of the Jeffersonville, Madison & Indianapolis Rail- road runs through the northwestern corner of the county. This is nick- nameil the Cahiro Houd by the people, from the foet, as they say, that ivbile it was building, the workmun were trostly paid in calico. The Cincinnati & White Water Valley Road, running from Cincinnati to Hogerstown, eighty- eight miles ; tho Fort Wayne, Muucie & Cincinnati Koilroad, from Conners- ville to Fort Wayne, one hundred and eight miles ; and the Cincinnati, Hat- ilton & ludinnapolis Ruilronil, from Cineinonti to Indinoupolis.
The While Water Conal was connuruced nt Lawrenceburgh in 163t, ond cotupleted to Connersville iu 1843. In 1846, it was completed lo Cambridge City. This, instead of realizing the bright ideals of its projectors, proved, on necouut of numerous disastrous floods oud the appronch of the railroad eru, a failure. After being used asn caual twenty years, it wos nbandoned as suth and its tou path is used for the bed of the White Water Valley Railrood, Obil its wiiter for hydraulic purposes only. For this, however, it is very rulunble. Numerous manufacturing establishments are located upon its banks, nud it supplies the town of Cobuersrille with its water for fre ond other purposes.
At Wawasso, eight miles below Connersville, are the Bremoker, Moore & Co. paper-mills, run by the above hydraulics. Thirty thousand (00,000) pounds of nens und book paper are mibufactured per duy.
CHURCHES.
There are fre Baplist Churches in the county, six Christian, ten Metho- dist, lwo Presbylrrinu, Que Epieropaliun, Que Romsu Cutholie, Iwo Luthieron, one Universalist aud uno German Baptist, with n seating capacity all told of nhout 8,000, lenting over 3,000 in the county u bo could not attend church, if they would.
PRINCIPAL TOITAS,
Counersrille, the county sat, is situuled ou the old White Water Valley Canal, with tho Cincinanti & While Water Valley Railroad diverging north nuil south, and tho Cincinnati, Hamilton & Indianopolis Itmilroad cust nud wexl, nud tho Fort Wayne, Munejo & Cincinunti Road norlb, and is about hilf muy between Indianapolis and Cinciunoti.
It is beautifully located on an elevated pintrau thirty feet ubole the but. tour lands of the White Water, aud is surrounded on the west and southwest by hills 200 feet abovo this plateau. These hills nre rich elny soils, thickly wellled and well improved, and from thrin is oblained a fue view of the sur- rounding country. It uns Juid oul, in 1813, by John Conner, one of the first bettlers, on Indiau tinder und on influential man, both with the whites and Indians, and he was employed in umuy responsible positions in the affairs of those ilsys. In 1810, in order to deteat the Lostile designs of the Slinn . ner J'rophet and Trenrosch, to counteract the influence of British Iraders and to maintain picior relations with the fudion tribes of the West, Grn. Morrison sent messengers to the Prophet's toun, aut atuing them was John Conuer, nho look mul dehierel a message from Gen. llurrison lo Te- cunisch, in the presence of his brother, the Prophel. Buil Cho Chief was Imughty otal the Prophet unyielding, sul in a short timo hostilities com- mienceil, ending with the battle of Tippecanoe.
la 1820, he uns appointed one of the commissioners to "'>clect and locale A quantity of loud, not exceeding four sections, for a silo for the peruinnrut location of the Stato Government." June Ttb, a sito was selected, and on January 6, 1821, the State Legislature declared that the new sent of govern- went should ho rableil Iniliauupolis. But the scot of government was con. tinneil af Corydou, llarrisou County, wulil January 10, 1826.
Couversrille is a line business point, mul contains sererel wuhuufacturing establishments of importance. Root's rrlebrated l'ortuble l'orges and Rotary Blowers uro manufactured here. There are three furniture mannufartories, tivo flouring wills, ono q ooten mill, ono foundry, Que muchino shop and the White Water Valley coffin aud siher ylate goods works ; also a bracket fac-
tory. There are seren dry goods storea, four boot and shoe, two hardware, four drug stores, three millincry and fancy goods stores, and fifteen grocery, queensware ond bakery istablishwenta.
There are two newspapers published-the Connersville Timer, Itupnb- lican, edited by Gco. M. Sinks, and the Connersville Ezominer, Democratic, edited by J. M. Higgs.
The population of Connersville in 1870 wos 2, 106.
The offer principal towna ore Waterloo, once the rival of Connersrille, Bentonville, Falmouth, Fairview, Alquina, L'a prion, Columbia, Harrisburg and Fayetterille.
Enet Connersville, located acrosy the river to the east of Connersville, has considerable business in manufacturing and pork-packing.
A. B. Claypool is one of the lending spirits in the county, especially as All agriculturist. le hoe for a number of years been a member of the State Boord of Agriculture, Benjamin F. Claypool is a leading politician and an enterprising mub. James Melntosh is a prominent lowyer.
There are two banks in Connersville-the Citizens' Book and the First National. P. H. Roots is President of the former, and Jomes N. Hurton of the latler. Mr. Huston in the son and successor of James Huston, a leading and wealthy old citizen.
Willion Newkirk in a leading manufacturer.
Mr. F. M. Rools is Ibe inveutor of the celebrated Roots' Blower, which Ivos the only exhibited article of preeminent utility al the great exhibition at Poris from Indiana. Alex. Derren nes an active worker in the agricul- tural intereste of the county, and for four years Secretary of the Sinte Board of Agriculture. Saniuel W. l'orker, Caleb B. Smith and Matthew R. Nul) were prominent actors in the history of the county and State, and prermi- Dently the moulders of thought nod opinion in their dny, especially ns related to the great questions of slavery and freedom, frre apeceb, free soil und free .סינום
HENDRICKS COUNTY.
'I'lus county is situated near the center of the State, und is bounded north by Boone, east by Marion, south by Morgan, and west by Putnam ond Mont- gomery Counties.
The general surface of Hendricks County is considerable higher than that of the adjerent counties, and is, therefore, well provided with natural drain- nge, and boy a porous and vasily cultivated soil. Asn general thing, the sur- faceis rolling, though considerable portions of it are quite level. It produces excellent crops of irheat, corn, ond blue grass, and ranks high as on ogricul- tural county. Along the crecks and streams there is mome broken land ; but ouly a very smull pereeutage of the county is unfit for successful cultivation.
The streumy, uhich afford obubinnee of water for all practical purposes, nre: Eel Rner, Mill Creek, Mud Creek, White Lirk Creek, and their trib- utaries. Eel River, the principal stream, runs diagonally through the north. ern part of the county, and empties its wofers into White River, the most Important tributary of the Wubash in the central portion of the State. Fel Rirer furnishes considerable arailable water-power for manufacturing pur- poses.
llendricks l'ounty is well supplied with timber of an excellent quality, large quantities of which are manufactured into lumber and sinves, the Intter particularly in the northern part of the county.
The surface geology of the county is ihat of the drift deposit-there bring no exposure of sione suitable for building purposes. but an abundance of clay for the manufacture of bricks. The pebbles and boulders are not Inrge, nor are they thickly disposed near the surface, the drift being covered by a deep und rich allurinl soil, and in some places by a clay Joam. Both the soil and climate of the county, besides being udopted to the various cereals aud vegetables, are suitable for fruit-culture, and apples and pears especially, do well.
The large number of water courses, which niconder through the county in nearly all dirrrtions, together with the peculiar adaptation of the spil to blue grass and other grasses, which here grois spontaneously, as also the cultivated varieties, gire llendrieke County superior advantages for the mais- ing of stock. The trode in this product of the agricultural districts is con- sideruble.
ANTIQUITIES.
In Center Township, about a mile and a half south of the town of Danville, there is a curious relie of the Sound Builders, consisting of s circular mound, something in the shape of a coue Hoffened at the top ; tho base circumference is about fifty rods, and it has an ultitude of about thirty feet. On the top of the mound. und in every direc- tion around il for several hundred yards, have been found stone and flint implements and other curious relics of o pre-historio people. In near proximity to this ancient castle of the Mound Builders, or tomb, or whatever it may be called, there is n large spring or fountain of water. Did these ancient Dorivinion connecting-links beliveen the lower orders and the abo- rigines of this country-the Mound Builders-live by this spring and drink its waters, in the oges of the mummuth and the cave-beor ?
LABLY SETTLEMENT.
The first permanent settlemruts in Hendricks County were made in the southeast port, in ubat are now Liberty and Guilford Townsbips, in 1821-2. Among those who first pitched their tents (log cabins; in ibis quarter, were Jolin nud Joseph Bollard, Jawes Nichols, David Demies, Samuel Jessup, sod Noah Botrman. These were not only all native Americans, but Kentuckians also. Here Jubu Ballard first reared bis cabin in the wilderness, and endured bordsbips and privativas, which we of this generation know nothing about. Those were also duys of happiness, of simplicity of living, of good rbeer, of reul fun oud merry-making, of houesty nud frugality, which put to shame these days of extravagance and corruption; the hospitality of the curly pioneer, whose " latch string" always hung out, is proverbial, and what more delightful for those who still cherish renuniscences of cabin fires, "log-rolling." "and " huskings, ' thau to get together and talk over " old times ?" To Jobp Ballard belongs the honor of having made the first ** im- prorements" in Hendricks County, in 182). Six years passed away before there was u mill in the county-that is, a mill on a will stream, driven by water ; there might buvo been " mortars" and " horse-mills". The people. for the most part, ueut to the older counties to get their grinding done, after long journeys over swampy, muddy and bridgeless rosds, and tedious wait- ing for ibcir "turn" to come. The mill erected by one Benson, on Fel River, in IN !;- the first water mill in Hendricks County-it is said, hud n rapacity for grindiog only Ino bushels of wheat per doy ; still it was h great relief to the curly settlers.
In 1829, the settlers began to provide for education. In this year, the first school Louso was erceted by Col. Thomas Nichols. It was of small di mensious-too smoll to bo divided into mpartments, like our modern school houses, nor nas there any need of it, for one small room enclosed by logs, Ivith the cracks " chinked aud daube," nay sufficient to hold all the children there were in those days to go to school. "The Hoosier Schoolmaster's" occupation in those days was hot lucrative, por uns it n spvere strath upon tho meulal copabilities.
Tho Baptists organized the first chureb in the rouutr, ot Daurille ; tho date we have not been able to obtain. The first post ofice was established iu Danrillo in 1826. Thomas 1, Giran, long a merchant in Panville, was the pioneer in thut department, opening the first stock of goods at an early duy. James Rej nolds bad the honor of taking out the first marriage license,
254
for himself and Rachel Drie, wohin trero duly "united in matrimony' by Samuel Jessup, first Justice of the Fence in Hendricks County, ou the 17th of Nouerober, 1624 This satur yenr mmks The death of the first while minn-George Mallock -ishi was killed by a neighbor
.Among the emily settlers wyhu tinre lived to see the wvilleiness gire place lo enlienied fields, and u ha hate themselves contributed lo thr physical and intellectual improvements trhich huur been made in the county of Hendricks, wo mention the follotring : Cil. Thomas Nichols, Des. Truhl und Borthelumen, C. C Nuve, Murlin Gregg, Suonel Cindiliek, Moses Caril, and others whom we nie malile hy Inck of spice In place by the side of these esteeme'l eilizens. If the pioneers, many have gone the uny of all the earth, and Irque itheil their memories, their tirina, nudl their weight of responsibility in public nnil privule ummirs In their descemlents. The county was originally splileil by u gural elnes of people, bal thuse who hare come after them hive Dol nllowol ils recilit in that ingund to he diminishedl.
lemhicks County uns organized in 1821. The population al Ihnt thue urns about me thonsmul
Shortly after the mganization, the first Commissioners, Thomas Luckhait, Giron Wilson aml Littlehoris Blakely, diruled the county iulu four loin- «bips, which u cio aftrwail subdivided mb luphe. The first officers of the cuuuly ure ns follow's; flrik, heri Jessup, nhu also performedt tho ilnlies uf Rrropder und Cullertar, Thomas ,J Muflock, Sheriff; Hairey Gregg, I'ruscouting Attorney
The Bral leins of the Circuit Court was held ul The residruce nf Willian Bollaril, in Un sonthrusteru pail of The roonly, Julgo W. W. Wirk presid- ing, Anthon Kirk unil Jumes Burnard, Associale Judges. The following nro the naties of the piersuns conquising the find grand jury : Thomas B. Dalinrd, Iuniel B Tyyer, P'allard Babouin, John Hun hins, Davidl Drmoss, Soil Bilemun, John Fowler, John Bullard, Inmes Thompson, Abijah Brar, Adin l'alleril, Muses Anderen, Thomas Guillot, hard Hoss nud Samuel Jones. Fire Bepresentmne of thu cunuty in the General Assembly, Thomas J. Mulleck, secan Bepirsentative, Iruss Mustin, Iurd Representative, Col. ThonLs Nichols. The latter gentleman atheinteil sixtren y'enrs os Sheriff of the conaly. lle is still hting, and resules in the loun of Inurille.
Some of the frel alfurneys at low in this runty urre Calvin Fletcher, Gabriel Jours, and Johnson miel Daniel B Wick
Thu+ first entri house ju Ihn conuly isus huilt m Danville, in 186 During the some yiar, the first jail nus also huth. The asylum for the Twor uns erected, near the Inin uf Pamille, m 1838. These buildings irere ull constructed ut hered Ings, mint intel hair been crude lahiries, compareit with The pirsont elegant und rostly ennmy Innblings.
Thy present ranel boude js n Insgr, mojumodlions building, und wis erected al a red in the county af pension. The joil ous Sen, www. It is us good niel substantinl n structure is the money could proime, mul maple fur nil Ilu purpuare of ils erection. Ihm pour usy Inin ie situoled on the Indian. npolis A St Louis Roilrand, and rost, Ingether with the forin lbnl il statuils ou, 516,000, or ghont thin mount
4. Il Hull, Anditm , L. W Jonkiny, l'lik , Smurt I. Hawkins, Sheriff; herny Huurlings, Herarder. 1. S. Walls, Tirusmier; Asmes C. Dobrou, Superintendent of Schools ; John 1). Wishupt, Euros Imilley mu C. E. Shun-
Ilv county sent, is heated grar the center of tho county, birruty miles isest of hodinnupedia | is phrasnully situated un the ludianapolis & St. Louis luilrmint, sluunding on in vlointion of lutul seventy-Jiu feet higher thnu Ibe
Pantille uns first spilleil In Inti dessup. The inten uns laid out hy Thotuns Hinton, ju 1821, msd ber om im mpoomtil in 1869, Jumes Burgur, George ihmberlin, Mrsmotor I'Immuhers, William Merritt atul Jesse Mastin bring Ihr first Trasieis.
The fripery published af presenil In the county ure the Dnurille I'niun ampl The Imhonun , the former lepublican, thr Intter Democratie. The J'ai is ulusal by John I'. Scarer, The Indianon by C. S. Walls.
l'en lorus in the State hote u higher iuleflertual and moral stunding. With a populismo uf 1,24, there is Hot un licensed salon in the place, nor has there bern for the last serenleca yrirs
The low'n contains fire churches, tiz .. Tun Baptist4, Melbudist Episco- pal, Christinu miul liezbylerinn.
It has oue grilled public school, with an elegant und commodious build- ing, which rust the drsind >41,000. The school is nudler the sapervision of Prof. It. E Jones, na able and experienred Irucher
Pourelle contains Ino dry goodly stores, luo clothing vonblishments, Ihreo drug stores, fire groeviir4, three boot nud shoe stores, liso harunure houses, three millinery shops, luru furniture establishments, five blacksmith nul fur nagon shops, onv jourlry story, one book store, ennurcted writh Iho postoffice ; 000 pbolographe gallery und tivo touringquills.
The Masous, Old Fellows, tinights of Pythins, Ill Mru sud Purous of llusbaudry all hure Hourishing hulgr- in loisn.
There are eight physicians, tun ilentists, eightren tuirsors nud seu Inu- Ifliers,
silumed on the Terre Haute, Vuintalin & St. Louis Kuilrond, in the southeast curuer af the county, is in the midst of a good agricultural distiiel, and is u thriving lowu. Popolulinn, nhunt 800. The loun uns mist out in 1834, hy Lent Jessup, Invid l'irter wl Jeremiah Wwller, who urre the first acliter+
in Liucolu Township, is beautifully siluutel, on the ludingnpolis, Blooming- Jug & Wistery Railenad, aud hus a population of nhout 600. The citizens are un scrivo nud enterprising class There are here two stare factories, oue grist-tuill, uml u number of dry goudls alul grucery Mlures. Four churches minister Io the religious wants of the place. The ouly Catholic chuich iu the county is borstel here.
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