USA > Indiana > Illustrated Historical Atlas of the State of Indiana > Part 130
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Agriculture Is evilently the occupation of the people in ElkImrt County. Wul & soil so easily oulticated and yielding such lurge returns, any one of her people can secure for himself the comforts, enjoyments mind luxuries of u home. The uumber if weres subject to taxation is 201,264: these, will Theic improvements, ure milned (laxable ralis) il $8, 168,288, ur 828 0% per urre. The culne of loich lots and Improvements is $2,307,685; of personal property, 89, 704,014; thus giving it Igled value of $14.248,063. This ivill give lo each of the 35,000 inhabitants a bille orer four hundred dollars' warth of properly.
I:LILY NETHEJIENT.
The cacliest selflemneula in Elkhart County were mitde aboul the year 18th, when u fru adernierers fullused nn Indian Imil from Ft. Wayne and encamped on the outskirts of Elkhart prairie lu the Inll af 18ES, Elias Rigga und Willin Simpson selfied in the poreseul limits of Ilkharl Toun- ship. Tho fallowing year, pioneers cume in large numbers, uinong whom irere the fucoilies of John I. Cripe, who located in March, 1829; Bosler lless in April, oul Solomon llockhert in the summer; all these plouted und galbered a erop Thal year Withamu Felkner came in The fall and selfled irest of Goshen. One of his ilnughters married }Ir. Goriner, n member of the present School Board of Ihal city William Chance came will Major Violett in the spring of 1829 onil aided in plantiog u large erap. lohn Car- peuter, Sr., built the first mill in that part of the county. 11 was silusted on Rock Itun, near Goshen. John Inks made mill-siones for this mill and one near Ilkhart. Jarob T. Cripp oloiins to htue (before these mills u ere built} "sel up lill len a' clork al night lo 'grale' eurn on nu ald tin grater lo cuuldu the family to prepare corn bread for breakfast.
A school house was erected on Elkhart prairie, on Wilkinson's lane, in which o Mr. Folls taught, wud bud for his pupils Dr. Jucksen, the Friars, Sparkins, Blairs and Thompsons. Nol loug unter The erection of this house, Another, for similar purposes, uns built about one mile south of the present county seal, It was conalqueled af legs, with occasionally un opening, covered with grtward jumper as a window light. The fire-place would adunt of a "back.log"' six feet long.
Rhoch Woodbridge and family cune from Vermont and selflei) in the present limits of Middlebury Tou suip in 1834. Mr. Woodbridge s sous- ia.low, John C Holmes, Geurge A. Uuffum and Jonathan Prall, necompanieit him und located near, but after a residence of three ceur-, neat still further trest The next year o Mr. Binnehurd rome ; also Sumurl Horneld and Bir lemele. 1. L. Ilixon calme in 1834; nigo 1. B. Woodworth. Harvey W Tharp in 1836; Elson Foster in Is 16 : und ,tunes MeCannell in Iad !. The Township was organized iu 1834, in August. Pr. Cornell, au early pioneer, was u Justice of The l'eacc prior to this year, when William Hunter was uppruled. The Woodbridges eurdei u sau .umll on Little Elkhart Ricer in 1831 Font cents offer, a douring-will nas kuih. George \. Buffon kryd The first hotel in this locshty. Dne leiskinw nas the earliest blacksmith, and Daniel (. Hishope the pioneer wagon maker lu 1836, tho Mellodials erectedl u church, in which the ller. Irn Whodirorth preached. Col. Jolin larkson was the first l'ontmaslet au Hlkhort prairie, quil at the tuue of his npprintwieut the mail nos entried from FI. Wuyue In Carey Mission overy foin weeks.
Thomas Paripk wud fother and a ninh by inte of Stufeman localeil in The present limits of Jifferson Tounship shout the yrer ]>M)-$1. James Will- soli settled ulent the same periodl und uns soon felluted by Jumes Defrees, afteruunl Justice of the Price in this forruship. 1u 18 45, Joseph Gardner located Willmin ond Joseph Nenell, William Morliu, Hlijab Allams, James Kune, John Nefl and John Willsun soon afteruurd beenine settlers. A school house Was built near the center of the fourusbije, and school tought hy one Muchilule. Until the year 1867, religiimis spriices were held in priruiz houses nud The school house. James I rier, on marly selller, uns one ef the hral Assessors, und, in 1844, aus maile County Treasurer. The local. ily ruubraced in the present boundary of York Township uns settled by William Hunter in the year 1833 During the spring and summer of 1836. he was followed by the families of J nuit William D'unmmings, J. N. Broun, 1imm Chose, Willinin Hull, Friend Curlis, Balu ard Bonney and serernl of li- ers. Miss Audimilo Hiss upcordu school in ou old cooper shinp in 183G, and the next year nt erbool house ups built Rer. Eh durvisou, u Buplist minister, organized u church of thut faith in the year 1837 The minister woot after ilied, and the church ileclined.
The first election uns held in this township in IN36, when Williom R. Culutains urns clreled Justice of the Pener The election uns held at the house of Frienil Curtis nhold the year 1840 samuel R. Judson, a mier- ebuni frous Buffalo, eunie in 18.11. He was one of the merchant princes of This lorslily aud probably the foremost mit iu the county le irus sulgr. queully rugagrd in trade in South Bend nud fully weld ta Californin. Bruben Brouson, n unded pomolugist und fruit miser, uns un early selller here. Dr 11 11 Bristol was the first physician. Louis unil luned Ilun. chieti and Theones Wheeler created the first Galer pourr hy n ". brush dom " neross the St. Joseph Rirer, w Hristo]. Sruell Thompson vrceted the first wimlel-Inill, and soon after o sam.null. Res Theora Depew, a Pre-byle. rumu minister, uns the first prescher here, and Miss Philossa Wheeler Inught the firel school iu 1830.
Lems 3]. Alversou und Hiram Doolufle laid out the loin of Bristol, in Ibis township, unul nere the first muerehnuis there,
Clulou Tounship was settled by William Deney, in 18 6. I received il4 name from his son, Clinton. The earliest elrelion uns beld on the first Mowday of August, 1836. Willson MeConuell, ou early pioneer, uns elected .luslire. Some of his pasociale settlers were Williun learman, Willinm Curmien, Euch Borger, Jacob Baker und Jorndi Berkurr. The Board of Trustees consisted of Grarge Zullinger, Willson MeConuell, Piter Moul nud Jurob Beekuer. Iu Hentnu Tanusbip, Malthew Boed iens probably the first seliler lle visited the locality in INIs, aud in 1831 remorel bis family lo lis preempded luml. This certificate of forremplion bears che sigualuce of
Andrew Jackson. Martin Vance, Peter Darr, Mr. Ilire, The Oit family ntil others were early sellers. Heury Beane Inid out the village of Hention. Col. John Jackson, from whom Jackson Tounship lakes its name, selceled that locality as a homie, in 1412, irheo sent to break up on Inilian camp, or village, near Elkhout pirnirie. In 1826, he again visited the locality, ond In 152! he located. By That time he found Fling Riggs and Willinm Simpson on the grounil. Hle bought their right for fifty dollars ond commenceil form- ing near the northeast corner of the loinship. Shortly after, $1, B. Thomp- son, George Hyres, John Rohrer, Marlin Wegbright and others come io this locality. In 1837, Christian Simmer, Daniel nud Fredrick Bainter und John l'ippinger settled in the present bonudory of Union Tounshij. John Wullburn onine in 1835, He ent two poals, and placing thetn nguunyl tiro Trees, Iraned ngaigal Them stute and pieces of bark, oud nudler this rule shelter hie placed his funnly until he could ereel n cabin. Ilis is an es- umple of many others whin adopted similar methods for temporary shelter. The first school uns taught in 31r. Stouder's cabin, by Israel Dalrymple. The "lemople," ns il was calleil, was the earliest house of worship, and Has Imli by the Albright <. This section of the rounty was settled chilly by people from Ohio. The locality embraced in Harrison Township uns seltled ibont 1842. Amireir Nunfinger located in 1818, omil Thoruns Thonms in 1>29. These sellled in Concord Township, und near the present Town of Elkhart. A selflement north of this Has begun in 1834, by Samuel Simonlon. Ilc Way soun followed le Surahum Benton ond Philip Mochling. In this localily the Johnson school house was built in 1838 nud in 1839 o past ofbee urns establishedl und AMpheus Bughee mmoiuteil Vosfinnsler. Christinna Creek uns su called by n missionary, in honor of his wife
The reminining townships irere settled ahont the same yeurs mentionedl. The people were principally from the Eastech Sintes, und me generally & noir'n for their thrift, industry unit progress.
CHRISTI* ORIGINIZATION.
Elklirl Cininty iras organized in 1899, nod here wwy ereeled the best court house in Indinnu, north of the Wulash River .M That lale all lho Territory constituting the counties of La Grouge, Steuben, und the north part of Nuble all Delinlb was included in the cieil lounship of Mongoquanong, mtil umler the jurisdiction of Elkhart County. The census of 1630 (not in- elmuling the large township named) garen population of nino bundred ond Ilurig- fre. In 1870 the inhabitants mimbered tu cuty-six thousand and Intente-six, to which many Thousand have since been added, until naiv (1870) il is probably thirty- five thousand.
In 1829, the Legislature organized the counties of lamillou, Mindison, Innenpk, Henry nud all the territory north to the State line into n Rep re-enialice District entitled to two members, u'hile Raudalph, Deluirare. Allen and Cass, with all the territory north, constituted a setutorial ilistrict. The Territory now embrured in Elkhart County was Ibeu attached lo Allen County for judicial purposes.
On the 28th of June, 1830, Jumes Multheus, John Jackson ond Arminins C. l'enwell, commissioned us Justices of the l'eace by his Excellency, Goc. James B. Ray, mel ul The house of Chester Sage, and were qualified by Thomas Thatuns, Clerk of the county of J.Jkhurt, which had been duly organized, nud ils boundluries defineil, under an act of the Legislature al tho HerSION of 1820-30. Jmmes }Initheus uus elected President of The Board of Justices, u hirb then proceedrd to lay off the coualy into fien townships, the nochera called Concoril, the southern Elkhart. James Friar wos appointeil County Treasurer, and John Friur, Assessor. llowell Huntsman uns ap- pointril Constable for Coneouil Tauruship, and Jnaies Beck, in Elkhart The population of the county, as ruinmed by The County Clerk at this luue, uas hol lies tbno one thonsind, as the number of males was 267, umil those in the ulinebei parts, 101 Mt n sperial session of the Board, held in July, 1830, The townslup of Mungoquonong ins organized, nnil Bergamin Blair nupointed lusperlor of Flechions. Subsequently, the territory noir embraced iu Kesriusko County uns nuganizeil into a separate township aud calleil Turkey Criek. At this urssion of the Bonril meeting, John Bishop, Ilugh labun, Samuel Fleming, Joseph Bennell and William G. Kning Commis- sionera oppointed to locate the conuly seal, minde a report, fixing the location nbont fice iniles northirest of the jurrsent locality. This was not satisfuelory, und the ceding of u half tier of townships, on the west side of the enunty, lo Si. Joseph County necessitared a re-location.
The role of luxnlin uns fixed as follows : nu ench horsc, 874 cents; on Lach work nx, Ist ernis; on each silrer nutrb, 26 cents; on each brass rlock, $1.00; un cach four-wheelel carriage, $1.00; ou each fira-wheeled corriuge, 75 cents The system of od valorem u'as then unknown to these jiancers.
The bral jury pouels in the county were draun at this time. The mem- bers of the grand jurr were Urnjamin Brunell, George Peoples, Grorge Wilkinson, Turid Check, Peter Buple, John Voung, Inmes Bishop, Kurumu Tarker tesse Skinner, Jesyr Rush, John Ruplr, Jacob l'ufchangh, Heury Cormany, Elins Baker, Dominique Rosseau, Mullbew Boyd, Adom Teal and Robert Hamilieu.
On the 15th of Nacember, 1830, the first court was held of the house of Chester Sage, neur Elkhuurl, by l'eler Diddy and William Lotis, Associnte Judges, will Eli Penn ell, Sheriff, and Thomas Thomas, Clerk In .April, unother session nas held nl Ibe house of the Clerk, at irhich the I'residing Judge, Charles 11. Tegl, of Wayne County, Judge of the Circuit, presided, with Willinin .1. Brown, of Whitewater Volley, ss Prosecutor. On October 31st, court inel ou the open prairie, neuir the residence af James Friar, sud un the second day of the feriu rewored lo aparimeute in Goshen. The prominent members of the bar nere Hurry Cooper, Jolin Levy, Martiu M. Huy, Samuel C. Simple, John S Newway, Samuel W Parker and Jounthan A. Listou. At the October ferm, 1842, James Beck uppeared as Sheriff, mund Joseph llarris und Joseph h. Jeruegan were certifieil to be of good mornl charueler. prepurulory to obluining license to practier in the couris.
The carliest aununl election ivus held on the first Moudny in August, 1810. Ou the 20th of May, 1833, the first erssion of court wus held in the welty equct house, and llon. GustarDs A. Everis produced his commission as Judge of the Eighth Circuit. A special session of the Court of Justicez wilg hell in March, 1830, lo hear the report of David Miller, Anthony L. Davis anıl L. G. Thompson Commissioners upporuled to select n leention for the county seul. These selecleil the present localily and numed u Goshen. The location being rentral was accepted, and Oliver Crane appointed Couuly Agent. The firal sale of luis Took place ou the 20th of July, 1831. lu May, 18'13, the board divided the county into three Comunssioners' Districts. On the fifth of September following, Edwaril Daivuiag uil George XeCollut were qualified us County Cainmissieners under the new stolule, and lo ilna bound Jobti Jackson was added in the sueceeling November. George Crnw. ford wus appointed Surcoyar, Willson MeCuquell, Agent of The wemiunry funil, anıt Robert P. Rumlull, County Agent, in place of Olirer Crane, re- thoved,
The first county officers were: Thomas Thomas, Clerk ; Lli l'enivell, Shend ; John W. Violell, Recorder. R. W. It. Ellis, Auditor; James Friur, Treasurer ; George Crawford, Surreyur.
Al the presidential election in I& PL, The whole number of voles onel was 18!1, In 1872, forty years after, The anine role cast wus 6,812. The school enumeration al present is nrar 12,000; the value of school property abon| $200,000, nod number of lenchers employed near 300.
During tho lule uur, l'Ikhart County furnished-volunteers andt ilrafted men-2,984 soliliers, and paid as bounty money, $192,611 '57.
"The present county officers ir: Auditor, C. D. Ieukle; Hecorder, Will- iatn 13. Miller; Treasurer. C T fireen : Sherin, Samuel R. Miller; Surveyar. G T Ayers ; andl SuperintewIcut of County Schools, D Mourey.
HONHES,
the counly seat, is near the geographical center of the county and en flie Elkhort Ricer. Al this place The rirer has a fall of oighleen feel, which, with the present nvorage annunl Boir of water, gires fifteen hundred horse- porrer, equal to ene hunitred ond hfty run of burrs. This, al present, is but parly utilized.
At The first sale of lols, ou July 20), 1811, the moge of prices ivas froms 820 To $160, and the lolnl amount received $2,1:07.75. A contract u'na soon after let for the oucclion of a court house. This icas built by Itenry Daris lund The older Jucob Stuilebaker, audl cost $1,000. This edifice romained until the year 1870, when, becoming ililapidnted, the present commodious conri house iens creeled nt a coal of $120,000. William Bissell was the eurliest selfler on the jilnt surreyed by George Crawford. He creeled The first house, n common log building, which slovil on the spot of ground now occupied by lho Baplist church. In 1832, Mr. Singer ereeled the first frame building, oni in 1839, Mr. Chamberlain built The firal brick. In 1831, John Carpenter erected n mill for grinding corn near the mouth of Reck River and The sauro sensou n mimilur mill, of more pretensions, was built on the sumo stream, on the east side of town. These fell inin disuse on the erection of a mill at Waterford, by Elins Buker, In 1885.
The population in 1810 n as about 1,200, but upon The completion af tho Air Line of the Inko Shore Railrond, this number rapiilly increaseil, vatil 1818, when a city charter was obtained. The Mayor elected was Henry D. Wilson. The present incombeni of that office is Georgo Freeso. The puh- lie solicols nro innghit in four commodianu buildings. The attenilnnee is near one thousand, and ocenpies more Than the attention of a dozen lenchers The Superinicuileot is D. K. Lake.
About the year 1866, n project was originuled, and, with comluondahle onleuprise, currieil into effect, to construct e hydraulic cannl fruin a point ob The Elkhart Rirer, ane onil a half miles south of the city, lo ils intersection with the river al Clinton street, in the city. This uns accomplished af a cost of About $100,000. It is believed to be, fue ils size, the most complete work of the kind in the Sinte.
The manufacturing interests af this city ore well represented in the in. riouy works in operation. Abunt licenty monufueturing establishmeals are operaleil here.
Tho Churches nre tho Presbyterian, Metliedist, Baptist, Lutheran, Kpis- copal, German Methodist ani) Catholic.
The newspapers ure tho Goshen Times, published by W. M. Starr, and the Gushen Democrat, hy Huurp & Beune. The hutler was esInblished in 1837, F. Brown, propricior, atul Thomas I1. Bissett, editor It uns afterward pub- lished elevon years by Dr Ellis. The Times Was establishedl hy F. W. Mel- calf, editor, in 1865. lle uns succeeded hy Stephens & Ellis, As proprietor Bud olifor, respectively, and subsequently passed through many hands to the present proprietors, William A. Slurr and J. R Boughner.
The city contains len physicians, as many lawyers, firo dentists, four banks, cighil ilry goody stores, cbree hardirnro steres, seven grocery al pro- vision stores, Iwa bakeries, Iwelre saloons, three clothing stores, two jewelry Alores, feur ilrilg stores anil the usual number of arlisans. The population is near 4, 0IKI.
OTHER TOIFAS AND VILLAGES.
TIKHART,
o mpidly growing place and impounnt Innumfneluring center, is situated at the confluenco of The Elkbart, SI. Joseph onil Christian Rirers, all of which aro dammed nl this peiul, affording-necording la John W. Iruin, hydraulic engineer-an aggregate of eight thousandl Three hundred horse.youer. En- lerprising capitalists hore amiled themselves of this grand and permanent supply of poirer, and several ioills und factories are completed and others in course of ereclian.
The ground occupied by the city irns once owned by a Patlaunllesnie Chiof, who uns induced lo sell to Dr. Bnrilah Beardsley on the 21st of April. 1831, the sale being approved by the President, Andrew Jackson, Innuury 13, 1832. Dr. Bearilsley hod the locality surreyed by the County Surveyor, George Cranford, and the plat recordeil April 30, 1832. The first house uns lmuill by Horuce Root, ufferwurden well known Justice of the Peace, and The second hy Samuel I'. Beebe, on The corner of Juckson glreel nud ¿Inio.
The first slore was opened by Rensselaer lurris, near the log mill, und The secomil on the present silr of Cliffan, by S. P. Beebe. The first Sabbath erbool was openedl by Vrs. Rosalio Beebe, and the first prencher iras Rer. Wilham DaCIs.
Ju 1844, the Presbyterian Church was built, and the Methodist in 1831. Tho pupulnian is uow ahont 6,600. The full rolue of property is shoul four millions.
There are about fifteen munufactories ; nlso tho repair sbaps of the Lake Shore & Michigun Southern Hailrend, whose pay-roll amounts lo uhont $70,4H)0 per iDatilı.
The churches nre tho Presbylerinu, Methodist, Congregational, Buplist, Episcopal, English nad Germnu Eraugelicul, Lutheran, Cut holir and Mrucon- ile.
There are about 150 business houses of various kinds und sonny of the buildings of subaluntil appearance.
The Elkhart Review wens estublisheil by Weller & Chase in 1869. la 1871, Weller sotd 10 A. P. keal. In 18f2, a daily issue hax commeneed. The Review is Republicun in politics atul largely ileroteil to bical new's mul interests The Observer u'us established in 1872, by Edward Mollny. Hu and Mrs. Emma Molloy, well known iu fearperauce trork, heing editors. 11 as devoleit lurgely to local ury 4 nul is Republican. In 1873, R. K. Brush uns mililed lo the editocint rirps.
The Democratic Union was first issuril November 22, 1867; D. W Surcel, editor amil proprictor. The Herald of Truth, published by J. F. Fuok & Hiroller, is The negun of The Mennouile Church all is willely puitconized. It 1º printed in English und Germuu Thy professions ure well represented 'Thr hurn is one of the best in Northern Tudiana und is destined to rank among the first tu mepuls, wealth and intellectual culture.
WIHARINA
is the principal fradiug point iu Olice Township. It is situated in the southern part nud egalnins nhout n dezen Imisiness houses of vucious kille. Il is surrounded by a rich countey nud supports un graded school auit four or five elmirch's.
1 This village was luidl out in 180G, hy George W. Ehy, Martiu Morelunil arul 1. B. Winder. It non coldniny some tuelce or fifteen stures of curious kinds, que or tun small fnetocies und the usual complemut of arlimins. A good gruileil school und church (Uniteil Brethren) are supported.
One Crocker, who lived nent. Niles, Michigan, Mid out this loico. It is The commercial router of Middlebury Township and contains nhout fifteen or twenty slures af various kinds, several small uinnufueloring anil a populatiun af near, or quue, 760. 11 stippcorty n goed graded school und furo ut three churches.
The county routains two or three other touns mil coluges, all small, but fully up to the sionilund of loung of their size, mut all surrounded by u rleh furving country.
331
DUBOIS COUNTY.
TOPOGRAPHY.
Dubois County in hounded on the north by Davis und Martin Counties, on the enst by Orange and Crawford, on the south by Porry, Spentcor and Warriok, und on the ivest by Pike, crubrnoing an area of four hundred und Thirly- two square miles. Of this area, que-louth is rivor and freek bottoni, occasionully subject to inundation ; about one-half is drift and allorium of ancient lakes and rivers, the remainiler bold hills and olevuted plateaus, undorlaid by tho conglomerate sandstone.
The surfuco varies from high hills, on the east, to gently rolling or lerel plateaus, in tho southern and northern parts, intermingled with the creek and river bottoms. West of the village of Ireland, for miles, a perfectly Jorel platenu of the ancient Incustrino alluvium is spread out, which covers the lower trorkablo conls. This pintesu, one hundred aud tiventy fuet ubovo White River, is walled, ou the sule toward the north, by gentle hlulfs, often of sand, from twenty to thirty feel ahovo its lerol, analogous lo tho " coust," er lorel erubnakineni, of Ibo Mississippi.
Going westivard from Schnellville, a heavy ringe of massive sanilstone is found. It is ent across by Hull'a Creok, Strait Crock, and Ihvir hrauches, aut divided into a succession of hills or penkm from two to thece hundred feet high. The highest bills aro enppod knolls of loess, or lonwy sand, im- perfectly stratified, auil from twenty to thirty feet in thickness. It is noted is the " Walnut level" and is rich in plant funil, and on these hill-tops is found a growth of timber commonly limited to the worm loams of tho bot- toms, us walnut, sugar free, wild cherry, spire wood, pawpaw and bluegrass. Al Harbison's Grove, enst of Haysville aud near Birdsoye, exumples uro seen.
BOLL.
The soil of tho county is not of the best quality. Fair crops of corn, wheat, onts and grass aro produced. Underdraining will teud much to en- hance tho value nad nid the soil in mising crops of grass and grain. It is especially needed in the boffoms along tho Patoka River. These bottomy are from one to three miles wido. The soil is cold anil impervious to moisture, hence very wot in winter und very dry in suminer. The majority of the river nud creek bottoms, hotrover, are the accumulation of alluviuin, formed from tho decomuquisition und intermixture of sedimentary nintorial from all the olilor rocks nuuil tho loess wayhed from lho bills; hence its friability und grent fertility. The soil of the louvor knolly und valleys is a sandy lonto und often of a reddish tiut from the presence of ferruginous matler dorived from the anbearboniforous iron ores. Pcard and other tender fruits mny bo grown here to a good advantage. Tivo fiue groves of chestnut trees may bo found in Towuship tuo, south, Sections eighteen and fourteen. In tho southorn part of the county, the soil is composed principally of the reddish.brown loam, famous for oxcellent "eiger leaf" This part is well adapteil to the growth of tobacco, undl large amounts uro ratsel Extensive wurchouses aro constructed for sloring this product at Iluntinghurg, Ilolland and Ferdinand, and largo amounla exported. Going cust, tho surfaco presents a succession of hills nad valleys, gradually rising, until tho formor attains a height, at the east lino of the county, of four lututlred feot abovo the Potoka Rivor. The soil raries froun tho allurium of the bottoms to lhe loess of the hills, and tho cultivation of the l'arms, kindl of orups and timhor vary with the enil.
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